CN105558431B - A kind of fish meal replacement and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
A kind of fish meal replacement and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105558431B CN105558431B CN201610013390.5A CN201610013390A CN105558431B CN 105558431 B CN105558431 B CN 105558431B CN 201610013390 A CN201610013390 A CN 201610013390A CN 105558431 B CN105558431 B CN 105558431B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fish meal replacements, it includes the component of following parts by weight: 1.2~1.8 parts of 20~60 parts of rice enzymolysis protein, 6~14 parts of soy protein concentrate, 7~13 parts of blood meal of spray drying, 15~35 parts of chicken meal, 5~15 parts of shrimp med, 3~6 parts of lysine, 1~1.5 part of methionine, 0.5~1.5 part of taurine, fructooligosaccharide and bacillus licheniformis mixture and 3~5 parts of squid liver paste.Compared with prior art, the effects of specific components are pressed the combination of specific quantity science and matched by the present invention, by complementation and act synergistically, protein content, amino acid harmony and growth promotion meets or exceeds fish meal；The squid liver paste of specific quantity can enhance the attractant effect of feed in this product, promote the feeding of aquatic livestock；The fructooligosaccharide of specific quantity and bacillus licheniformis and their scientific matching, can produce synergistic effect, keep or enhance the immunity of organisms of aquatic livestock, promote the activity of enteron aisle digestive ferment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic livestock nutrition and field of feed, and in particular to a kind of fish meal replacement and its preparation side
Method and application.
Background technique
Fish meal because protein content is high, palatability is good, amino acid composition is complete and balanced, unknown somatomedin is abundant,
And the features such as easily being digested and assimilated by animal, it is always high-quality protein source indispensable in fish feed industry.However, by sea
The influence of the problems such as scarcity of foreign resource and environmental pollution, the sustained production drop of global fish meal, hovers going through always in recent years
History minimum.Chinese fish meal yield is less always and quality is irregular, the needs of far from meeting feed industry and aquaculture.
China's fish meal relies primarily on import at present, the serious restriction abroad supplied.Future, with global culture fishery yield
Continue to increase and China shared by whole world aquaculture total amount specific gravity be stepped up, the contradiction of China's fish meal supply and demand will be sharper
It is sharp, and " being breeded fish with fishing " is not long-term plan eventually.Therefore, it saves fish meal dosage and develops other suitable substitutes and have become
For the task of top priority of aquatic livestock nutrition and feed research.
Fish meal substitution studies concentrate on animal protein source (meat meal tankage, digested tankage and feather meal etc.) and plant protein source at present
On (rapeseed meal, dregs of beans and cotton dregs etc.), certain effect has been achieved in production.But using single or a few plant egg
When Bai Yuan or animal protein source substitute fish meal, it is unstable that often there is also sources, and protein utilization rate is low, essential amino acid lacks
With the disadvantages of uneven, anti-nutritional factors and feed palatability are poor containing there are many.Especially these single or several hatching eggs
Bai Yuan due to the unbalanced of substitute nutrition-allocated proportion and lack a variety of growth promotions, food calling and is immunized when high level substitutes fish meal
Regulatory factor often will cause cultivated animals slow growth, feed intake decline, feed coefficient raising, immunity of organisms decline, with
And the problems such as meat quality variation.It is different from single or a few protein sources substitution fish meal, the Protein Science group in a variety of sources
It closes and matches, be conducive to the balance of nutritional ingredient complementation and amino acid, to promote the nutrient absorption of cultivated animals to utilize, health
Growth and the improvement of quality.But it up to the present, not only took into account animal/vegetable protein and amino acid equilibrium but also can promote to grow and increase
Immune fish meal replacement and application report are less by force.In consideration of it, the present invention compares the nutrition composition of fish meal, and combine original used
The nutritional characteristic of material by specific animal/vegetable protein by the combination of specific quantity science and scientific matching, and is aided with addition special ratios
The composition such as essential amino acid, phagostimulant, immunopotentiating agent be prepared into a kind of new by the complementation and synergistic effect of each component
The compound fish meal replacement of type, to substitute the fish meal in fish feed.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of fish meal replacements, of the existing technology using effect to solve
The bad problem of fruit.
The present invention also technical problems to be solved are to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned fish meal replacement.
The last technical problems to be solved of the present invention are to provide the application of above-mentioned fish meal replacement.
In order to solve the above technical problems, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of fish meal replacement, it includes the component of following parts by weight:
Wherein, the component of preferably following parts by weight:
50 parts of rice enzymolysis protein；6 parts of soy protein concentrate；9 parts of blood meal of spray drying；16 parts of chicken meal；6 parts of shrimp med；
5 parts of lysine；1 part of methionine；1 part of taurine；Fructooligosaccharide with 1.2 parts of bacillus licheniformis mixture；4.8 parts of squid liver paste.
Wherein, the component of preferably following parts by weight:
20 parts of rice enzymolysis protein；14 parts of soy protein concentrate；10 parts of blood meal of spray drying；32 parts of chicken meal；Shrimp med 14
Part；3.5 parts of lysine；1.2 parts of methionine；0.8 part of taurine；Fructooligosaccharide with 1.5 parts of bacillus licheniformis mixture；Squid liver paste
3 parts.
Wherein, in the fructooligosaccharide and bacillus licheniformis mixture, the mass ratio of fructooligosaccharide and bacillus licheniformis
For 1.5~2.5:1~1.5；Wherein, the clump count of bacillus licheniformis is 3 × 109~8 × 109CFU g-1, fructooligosaccharide it is pure
Du≤95% (mass fraction).(wherein fructooligosaccharide is purchased from Japanese MingZhi fruit Co., Ltd, and bacillus licheniformis is refined purchased from the U.S.
Come big pharmaceutical factory)
The preparation method of above-mentioned fish meal replacement, it includes the following steps:
(1) rice enzymolysis protein, soy protein concentrate, spray drying blood meal, chicken after taking the pulverizing and sieving of formula ratio
Powder and shrimp med are spare after mixing；
(2) take lysine, methionine, taurine and the fructooligosaccharide of formula ratio mixed with bacillus licheniformis mixture with
It is spare afterwards；
(3) mixed system obtained in mixed system obtained in step (1) and step (2) is spare after mixing；
(4) squid liver paste of formula ratio is added into mixed system obtained in step (3), after mixing to obtain the final product.
In step (1), described pulverizes and sieves to smash it through 80~120 mesh screens.
Above-mentioned fish meal replacement as feed addictive in aquaculture application also protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Wherein, application method is the fish meal substituted in fish feed with fish meal replacement described in claim 1, substitutes ratio
Example is 40~100% (mass ratioes).
Above-mentioned fish meal replacement is in the digestion and absorption of preparation raising aquatic livestock, growth performance and improves immunity of organisms
Application in feed is also within protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model has the advantages that
Compared with prior art, the present invention is combined specific components and is matched by specific quantity science, passes through complementary and collaboration
The effects of effect, protein content, amino acid harmony and growth promotion, meets or exceeds fish meal；Specific quantity in this product
Squid liver paste can enhance the attractant effect of feed, promote the feeding of aquatic livestock；The fructooligosaccharide of specific quantity and bacillus licheniformis with
And their scientific matching, it can produce synergistic effect, keep or enhance the immunity of organisms of aquatic livestock, promote enteron aisle and disappear
Change the activity of enzyme；This product is to aquatic livestock nonhazardous, no pathogenicity and noresidue；The raw materials used in the present invention steady sources, valence
Lattice are cheap, simple production process, can reduce the dosage and feed coefficient of fish meal in fish feed, are suitble to large-scale industry metaplasia
It produces.According to the difference of aquatic livestock type, growth phase and environmental condition, 40%- in the alternative fish feed of the substitute
100% fish meal protein, and the growth performance of aquiculture animal and health status meet or exceed fish meal.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is each test group soft-shelled turtle grazing rate comparative diagram in embodiment 4；
Fig. 2 is each test group soft-shelled turtle specific growth rate comparative diagram in embodiment 4.
Specific embodiment
According to following embodiments, the present invention may be better understood.However, as it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that real
It applies content described in example and is merely to illustrate the present invention, without sheet described in detail in claims should will not be limited
Invention.
The preparation of 1 fish meal replacement of embodiment
Material and its number: 50 parts of rice enzymolysis protein；6 parts of soy protein concentrate；9 parts of blood meal of spray drying；Chicken meal
16 parts；6 parts of shrimp med；5 parts of lysine；1 part of methionine；1 part of taurine；Fructooligosaccharide with 1.2 parts of bacillus licheniformis mixture；Squid
4.8 parts of fish pastes.(wherein fructooligosaccharide is purchased from Japanese MingZhi fruit Co., Ltd, and bacillus licheniformis is purchased from the pharmaceutical factory U.S. Ya Lai great)
Preparation method:
(1) rice enzymolysis protein, soy protein concentrate, spray drying blood meal, chicken meal and shrimp med are smashed it through 80~
120 mesh screens, it is spare；
(2) rice enzymolysis protein, soy protein concentrate, spray drying blood meal, chicken after taking the pulverizing and sieving of formula ratio
Powder and shrimp med are spare after mixing；
(3) take lysine, methionine, taurine and the fructooligosaccharide of formula ratio mixed with bacillus licheniformis mixture with
It is spare afterwards；
(4) mixed system obtained in mixed system obtained in step (2) and step (3) is spare after mixing；
(5) squid liver paste of formula ratio is added into mixed system obtained in step (4), after mixing to obtain the final product.
Application of 2 fish meal replacement of embodiment in megalobrama amblycephala feed
For outdoor breeding test site in Pukou area, breeding facility is net cage (specification: 1.5m × 1.5m × 2.0m),
Experimental fish is megalobrama amblycephala.By temporarily support after, by the juvenile fish (initial weight: 58.6 ± 0.3g) of the physically fit neat specification of 720 tails with
Machine is divided into 18 net cages, each 40 tail of net cage.Culture experiment includes three groups altogether: control group, rice enzymolysis protein group and substitute
Group, every group of 6 repetitions.It is feeds utilized to be shown in Table 1: control group feed commercial goods feed (feed nutrition component: crude protein > 30, slightly
Fat > 6.0, carbohydrate > 37, fish meal dosage accounts for feeding quality part 5%)；The feed that rice enzymolysis protein group is fed is commercial feed
In fish meal 100% substituted by rice enzymolysis protein；The feed that substitute group is fed is that the fish meal in commercial feed is carried out example 1
In the fish meal replacement 100% that is prepared substitute；All feeds are produced by Nanjing Shuaifeng Feed Co., Ltd..Culturing time 3
It a month, during which observes and records experiment fish and ingests and death condition.After culture experiment, acquisition sample carries out analysis measurement.
Table 1: megalobrama amblycephala feed formula used is tested
In order to which the protein content and the amino acid that detect this substitute are harmonious, we are fish meal, substitute, 5% fish meal
The amino acid of feed and 5% substitute feed composition is compared, and specific data are as shown in table 2.As can be seen from Table 2, this hair
The composition of 17 kinds of amino acid of bright fish meal replacement is similar with content with fish meal, and the megalobrama amblycephala feed containing 5% fish meal (is shown in Table 1 pair
According to group) it is close with the composition of 17 kinds of amino acid in the megalobrama amblycephala feed (being shown in Table 1 substitute group) containing 5% substitute with content.
Illustrate that the present invention is combined specific components and matched by specific quantity science, passes through complementary and synergistic effect, protein content, ammonia
Base acid harmony etc. reaches the quality requirement of fish meal.
Amino acid composition in 2 feed of table
By cage culture in 3 months, the growth performance for testing fish was shown in Table 3 and shows.In rate of body weight gain, feed coefficient, specific life
In terms of long rate, protein efficiency ratio and nitrogen retention rate, substitute group and control group are without significant difference (P > 0.05), and substitute
The growth result of group is much better than rice enzymolysis protein group (P < 0.05).Illustrate that fish meal 100% is by this substitute in the fish feed
Growth performance is similar with control group (P>0.05) after substitution, and is considerably better than rice enzymolysis protein group (P<0.05).
Each experimental group of table 3 grows index of correlation test result
Known by table 4, total protein, globulin and the Complement C4 and control group difference of substitute group be not significant, and is higher than rice
Enzymolysis protein group.Three groups of lysozyme difference is not significant.Substitute group Complement C_3 is higher than control group and rice enzymolysis protein group, and
Control group and rice enzymolysis protein group are without significant difference.
Each experimental group Immune Indexes test result of table 4
After fish meal replacement 100% of the invention substitutes the fish meal protein in megalobrama amblycephala feed, to the growth of megalobrama amblycephala
Can be without influence, and the immunity of body is improved, while having saved fish meal resource, greatly reduce feed cost.
The preparation of 3 fish meal replacement of embodiment
Material and its number: 20 parts of rice enzymolysis protein；14 parts of soy protein concentrate；10 parts of blood meal of spray drying；Chicken
32 parts of powder；14 parts of shrimp med；3.5 parts of lysine；1.2 parts of methionine；0.8 part of taurine；Fructooligosaccharide is mixed with bacillus licheniformis
1.5 parts of object；3 parts of squid liver paste.(wherein fructooligosaccharide is purchased from Japanese MingZhi fruit Co., Ltd, and bacillus licheniformis is refined purchased from the U.S.
Come big pharmaceutical factory)
Preparation method:
(1) rice enzymolysis protein, soy protein concentrate, spray drying blood meal, chicken meal and shrimp med are smashed it through 80~
120 mesh screens, it is spare；
(2) rice enzymolysis protein, soy protein concentrate, spray drying blood meal, chicken after taking the pulverizing and sieving of formula ratio
Powder and shrimp med are spare after mixing；
(3) take lysine, methionine, taurine and the fructooligosaccharide of formula ratio mixed with bacillus licheniformis mixture with
It is spare afterwards；
(4) mixed system obtained in mixed system obtained in step (2) and step (3) is spare after mixing；
(5) squid liver paste of formula ratio is added into mixed system obtained in step (4), after mixing to obtain the final product.
Application of 4 fish meal replacement of embodiment in soft-shelled turtle feed
Outdoor breeding test site in Pukou area, breeding facility be cement pit (specification: 2.0m × 2.0m ×
0.8m), experimental animal is soft-shelled turtle.After temporarily supporting, by the soft-shelled turtles of 450 physically fit neat specifications (initial weight: 30.2 ±
0.4g) it is randomized into 9 cement pits, each cement pit 50.Culture experiment includes three groups altogether: control group, meat meal tankage+extruding blood
Powder group and substitute group, every group of 3 repetitions.It is feeds utilized to be shown in Table 5: control group feed commercial goods feed (feed nutrition component:
Crude protein > 46, crude fat > 6.5, carbohydrate > 25, fish meal dosage account for feeding quality part 60%)；Meat meal tankage+expanding blood meal group is fed
Feed be that fish meal 40% in commercial feed is substituted by meat meal tankage+expanding blood meal；The feed that substitute group is fed is commodity feeding
Fish meal in material is carried out the substitute 40% prepared in example 3 and substitutes；All feeds are produced by Nanjing Shuaifeng Feed Co., Ltd..
It culturing time 6 weeks, during which observes and records experimental animal and ingests and death condition.After culture experiment, acquisition sample is divided
Analysis measurement.
Table 5 tests soft-shelled turtle feed formula used
After the test, control group, meat meal tankage+expanding blood meal group, the grazing rate of substitute group, particular growth are measured respectively
Rate and Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine.As shown in Figure 1, grazing rate: substitute group > control group > meat meal tankage+expanding blood meal group, each group it
Between significant difference, show that the food calling component in this product has and apparent promote feeding effect.As shown in Fig. 2, substitute group is specific
Growth rate is slightly better than control group but statistically indifference, and the specific growth rate of substitute group is significantly higher than meat meal tankage+extruding
Blood meal group has no effect to the growth of soft-shelled turtle after showing the fish meal in fish meal replacement substitution feed.In order to examine or check substitute
Influence to soft-shelled turtle enteron aisle digestive function determines lipase, amylase, protease (being shown in Table 6) respectively.Intestines in substitute group
Road lipase, the activity of amylase and control group are without significant difference, and intestinal protease is significantly higher than control group and meat meal tankage+swollen
Change blood meal group, shows that proteinase activity can be improved in this substitute, promote the absorption and utilization of animal/vegetable protein.
Influence of the different protein sources feeds of table 6 to soft-shelled turtle Activity of Digestive Enzymes in Intestine
Claims (3)
1. a kind of fish meal replacement, which is characterized in that be made of the component of following parts by weight:
50 parts of rice enzymolysis protein；
6 parts of soy protein concentrate；
9 parts of blood meal of spray drying；
16 parts of chicken meal；
6 parts of shrimp med；
5 parts of lysine；
1 part of methionine；
1 part of taurine；
Fructooligosaccharide with 1.2 parts of bacillus licheniformis mixture；
4.8 parts of squid liver paste；
In the fructooligosaccharide and bacillus licheniformis mixture, the mass ratio of fructooligosaccharide and bacillus licheniformis is 1.5~
2.5:1~1.5；Wherein, the clump count of bacillus licheniformis is 3 × 109~8 × 109CFU g-1；
The fish meal replacement is used for megalobrama amblycephala feed.
2. the preparation method of fish meal replacement described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
(1) rice enzymolysis protein, soy protein concentrate, spray drying blood meal, chicken meal after taking the pulverizing and sieving of formula ratio and
Shrimp med is spare after mixing；
(2) lysine, methionine, taurine and the fructooligosaccharide of formula ratio is taken to mix with bacillus licheniformis mixture and standby
With；
(3) mixed system obtained in mixed system obtained in step (1) and step (2) is spare after mixing；
(4) squid liver paste of formula ratio is added into mixed system obtained in step (3), after mixing to obtain the final product.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step (1), described pulverizes and sieves as after crushing
Cross 80~120 mesh screens.
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| CN112890034B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2024-03-26 | 苏州帝凯维动物营养有限公司 | Fish meal substitute for pig ration and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114009626A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-02-08 | 广东信豚生物科技有限公司 | Fish meal substitute containing yeast extract and aquatic animal premix composition |
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