CN108094693A - A kind of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108094693A CN108094693A CN201711473378.3A CN201711473378A CN108094693A CN 108094693 A CN108094693 A CN 108094693A CN 201711473378 A CN201711473378 A CN 201711473378A CN 108094693 A CN108094693 A CN 108094693A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
Abstract
The invention belongs to aquatic feeds fields, and in particular to a kind of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet and preparation method thereof.Its formula includes core, wall material and surfactant；Core composition of raw materials includes：Imported fish meal, fish protein hydrolysate levels, artemia powder, casein, DHA algal powder, fish oil, laminarin, multi-vitamins；Wall material raw material formula includes starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate, water；Surfactant includes Span 80 and Tween 80.The feed of the present invention has the characteristics that physiological mechanism is ingested and digested and assimilated to adaptation grouper larvae, nutrient balance, have that suitable grain size, good food calling, digestibility are high and water stability is strong, can effectively partial alternative biological feed, solve the problems, such as that biological feed is insufficient in current grouper nursery and exists.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic feeds fields, and in particular to a kind of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
Grouper (Epinephelus) delicious flavour, it is full of nutrition, it is deep to be favored by consumer, it is a kind of rare sea
Produce fish.Its economic value is very high, is a kind of marine product of top grade especially in Southeast Asia, Japan and Hongkong and Macro market.Grouper
Aquaculture development speed is swift and violent, and nearly 3 years national grouper annual outputs are in ten thousand tons of 7-8, and annual seed is in great demand, still
Grouper survival rate of seedling is still very low at present, seed price, the serious health for restricting Grouper cultivating industry, sustainable development.
So far, it is seldom to the research of grouper larvae nutrition physiology, nutritional need and feed, grouper nursery at present still with
Based on biological feed.Using biological feed, there are many unfavorable factors：Due to being influenced by environment and a variety of conditions such as management, make
Yield and quality into live bait is unstable, and supply and demand is difficult synchronous；The culture of biological feed occupies a large amount of water body facilities, financial resource and material resource consumption
Fei great, the production cost for causing aquatic product sprout are high；It is unfavorable for the regulation and control to cultivation water；Pathogen wheel animalcule, halogen may be carried
Worm, Copepods etc. may be some viruses of fish, the host of bacterium, such as they are not only grouper nerve necrosis disease
The sensitive host of poison, and be the Vector factors that it is propagated, grouper can infect this virus by ingesting.In part nursery,
Artemia and Copepods are carried out disinfection processing before feeding with formaldehyde, but still cannot be guaranteed that its is safe and healthy.Even if there are some nursery
It is attempted with the exploitation of feed, there are problem in terms of nutrition and technology, nutritional ingredient is difficult to keep stable, it is impossible to adapt to
The requirement of grouper larvae, feed particle diameter is improper, and water stability is poor.Therefore research and development grouper larvae microcapsules
Feed is significant, has urgency.
Microcapsules technology is current one ocean general character new technology widely used and that development is very fast.It is to utilize day
Right or synthesis high molecular material（Wall material）, by solid, liquid, even gas small core substance（Core）Cladding
Into in the semi permeability between a diameter of 1~5000 μm or the microcapsules of sealing.It is raised for the artificial particulate of aquatic animal nursery
Material can be divided into micro- viscous feed, mocromembrane feed, micro-encapsulated diet according to the difference of its manufacturing method and property.Micro-encapsulated diet is opposite
Stability for first two feed in water is more preferable, and with protecting the substance that is wrapped by from the shadow of environmental condition
It rings, the rate of release of active material can be delayed, increase active material stability, reduce toxic side effect, shelter peculiar smell, isolation is matched somebody with somebody
The features such as 5 taboos, bionical effect can be reached, so before it is grown a lot as the man-made feeds tool of aquaculture nursery
Scape.
The content of the invention
Microcapsules technology is applied to grouper larvae feed by the present invention, provides a kind of taking the photograph for adaptation grouper larvae
Food feature has suitable grain size, good food calling, digestibility height and water with physiological mechanism, nutrient balance is digested and assimilated
The strong micro-encapsulated diet of middle stability and its production technology, can effectively partial alternative biological feed, solve current grouper
In nursery biological feed it is insufficient and there are the problem of.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet, formula include core, wall material and surfactant；Core composition of raw materials bag
It includes：Imported fish meal, fish protein hydrolysate levels, artemia powder, casein, DHA algal powder, fish oil, laminarin, multi-vitamins；Wall material
Composition of raw materials includes starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate, water；The surfactant includes Span 80 and Tween 80.
The core includes by weight percentage：Imported fish meal 40-55%, fish protein hydrolysate levels 12-18%, artemia powder
10-15%, casein 6-12%, DHA algal powder 4-6%, fish oil 2-5%, laminarin 0.3-0.6%, multi-vitamins 0.2-0.3%.
A kind of preparation method of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet, comprises the technical steps that：
（1）Core ultramicro grinding 100wt% is crossed into 100 mesh；90wt% crosses 120 mesh, and uniform and stable powder state core is made；
（2）By 100 parts by weight powder state cores, 200-220 parts by weight water, 8 parts by weight Spans 80,25-35 parts by weight eggs
Huang is mixed 5 minutes, then is ground 6-8 minutes by colloid mill, it is made to homogenize, obtains colostrum slurry；
（3）By 23-28 parts by weight starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate, 220-230 parts by weight water, 6-8 parts by weight Tween 80,6
Parts by weight of glycerin, 25-35 parts by weight egg white solutions are mixed 6 minutes, add step（2）Gained colostrum slurry；Continue to stir
It mixes 8 minutes, obtains emulsion slurry；
（4）By gained emulsion slurry spray drying forming, 50-150 μm of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of grain size is obtained；Then
Screening, packaging and storage or the raw material as the big grain size grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of manufacture；
Described 250-500 μm of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet preparation method of big grain size, concrete technology are：
（1）Spray drying gained 50-150 μm of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of grain size with rotating type granulating machine is pelletized, is led to
Screening is crossed, 40-60 mesh feeds are obtained, as core；
（2）Using ethyl cellulose as wall material；
（3）Wall material is coated and the mass ratio of core is（5-8）：100；250-500 μm of grain size is made with fluidization granulation seed-coating machine
Micro-encapsulated diet；
（4）Then spray drying granulation is carried out, outlet and inlet temperature is respectively 50-60 DEG C, 30-35 DEG C, and moisture, which controls, after drying exists
6 ± 0.8%, final sizing, packaging, storage.
The screening is to sieve grain size of the manufactured micro-encapsulated diet as needed for grouper each growth period, wrap
Dress, storage.
The present invention feature and digests and assimilates physiological mechanism according to ingesting for grouper larvae, matches somebody with somebody according to unique formula
System obtains the grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of different-grain diameter and its production work using spray drying process and fluidized bed coating
Skill solves the problems, such as that biological feed is insufficient in current grouper nursery and exists, to grouper fry production and aquaculture
Health, sustainable development be of great significance, economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits are notable.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, feed nutrition balance of the present invention, protein content is higher, crude protein >=52%, and crude fat 15%-20%, content of ashes is low,
Rich in height polyunsaturated fatty acid (HUFA), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), energy
Meet the nutritional need of larva and juvenile survival and growth.
2nd, feed of the present invention has suitable grain size.Feed particle diameter must adapt to the mouth of marine fish larvae different development stage
Footpath size had so not only ensured that micro-encapsulated diet was effectively ingested, but also has been avoided that waste and water pollution.Grain size 50-150 of the present invention
μm micro-encapsulated diet is applicable to the grouper larvae of 5-20 ages in days, and 250-500 μm of micro-encapsulated diet of grain size is applicable to 20
Age in days more than grouper larvae.
3rd, laminarin has anti-oxidant, strengthen immunity, antitumor, antiviral, radioresistance, anticoagulation, anti-artery congee
The effects that sample hardens, as a kind of immunomodulator, can generate a variety of physiological activity.The present invention is with the addition of the sea of 0.3%-0.6%
Band polysaccharide can improve the immunity and anti-stress ability of grouper larvae, improve survival rate of seedling and economic benefit.
4th, the present invention has good attractant, digestibility height and water stability strong, by the raising of larva and juvenile
Result of the test shows being capable of effectively partial alternative biological feed.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technological means, feature and the technological process of the present invention, the purpose reached of application method and effect is made to be easy to bright
With reference to specific embodiments the present invention is further explained, but the present invention is not limited only to this.
Embodiment one：
Exemplified by producing the grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of 50-80 μm of grain size, core contains by weight percentage：Import
It is fish meal 47%, fish protein hydrolysate levels 18%, artemia powder 15%, casein 10%, DHA algal powder 6%, fish oil 3%, laminarin 0.7%, multiple
Vitamin 0.3% is closed, each component is uniformly mixed.Core ultramicro grinding 100% is crossed into 100 mesh；90% crosses 120 mesh, is made
The powder state core of even stabilization, it is spare.
Step 1, by 100 parts by weight powder state cores, 210 parts by weight water, 8 parts by weight Spans 80,30 parts by weight eggs
Huang is mixed 5 minutes, then is ground 6-8 minutes by colloid mill, it is made to homogenize, obtains colostrum slurry.
Step 2, by 26 parts by weight starch Sodium Octenyl Succinates, 210 parts by weight water, 6 parts by weight Tween 80s, 6 weights
Part glycerine, 32 parts by weight egg white solutions are measured, is mixed 6 minutes, adds step 1 gained colostrum slurry；Continue 8 points of stirring
Clock obtains emulsion slurry；
Micro-encapsulated diet is made in the spray drying of step 2 gained emulsion slurry by step 3.
Spray drying process outlet and inlet temperature is respectively 180 DEG C, 60 DEG C, it is dry after moisture control 6 ± 0.8%, finally sieve
Divide, packaging, storage.
Embodiment two：
Exemplified by producing the grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of 80-120 μm of grain size, core contains by weight percentage：Import
Fish meal 50%, fish protein hydrolysate levels 16%, artemia powder 13%, casein 11%, DHA algal powder 5.1%, fish oil 4%, laminarin 0.6%,
Multi-vitamins 0.3%, each component is uniformly mixed.Core ultramicro grinding 100% is crossed into 100 mesh；90% crosses 120 mesh, is made
Uniform and stable powder state core.
Step 1, by 100 parts by weight powder state cores, 220 parts by weight water, 8 parts by weight Spans 80,27 parts by weight eggs
Huang is mixed 5 minutes, then is ground 6-8 minutes by colloid mill, it is made to homogenize, obtains colostrum slurry.
Step 2, by 23 parts by weight starch Sodium Octenyl Succinates, 220 parts by weight water, 5 parts by weight Tween 80s, 6 weights
Part glycerine, 28 parts by weight egg white solutions are measured, is mixed 6 minutes, adds step 1 gained colostrum slurry；Continue 8 points of stirring
Clock obtains emulsion slurry；
Micro-encapsulated diet is made in the spray drying of step 2 gained emulsion slurry by step 3.
Spray drying process outlet and inlet temperature is respectively 180 DEG C, 60 DEG C, it is dry after moisture control 6 ± 0.8%, finally sieve
Divide, packaging, storage.
Embodiment three：
Exemplified by producing the grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of 120-150 μm of grain size, core contains by weight percentage：Import
Fish meal 53%, fish protein hydrolysate levels 13%, artemia powder 12%, casein 11%, DHA algal powder 5.1%, fish oil 5%, laminarin 0.6%,
Multi-vitamins 0.3%, each component is uniformly mixed.Core ultramicro grinding 100% is crossed into 100 mesh；90% crosses 120 mesh, is made
Uniform and stable powder state core.
Step 1, by 100 parts by weight powder state cores, 220 parts by weight water, 8 parts by weight Spans 80,24 parts by weight eggs
Huang is mixed 5 minutes, then is ground 6-8 minutes by colloid mill, it is made to homogenize, obtains colostrum slurry.
Step 2, by 23 parts by weight starch Sodium Octenyl Succinates, 220 parts by weight water, 5 parts by weight Tween 80s, 6 weights
Part glycerine, 25 parts by weight egg white solutions are measured, is mixed 6 minutes, adds step 1 gained colostrum slurry；Continue 8 points of stirring
Clock obtains emulsion slurry；
Micro-encapsulated diet is made in the spray drying of step 2 gained emulsion slurry by step 3.
Spray drying process outlet and inlet temperature is respectively 190 DEG C, 70 DEG C, it is dry after moisture control 6 ± 0.8%, finally sieve
Divide, packaging, storage.
Example IV：
Exemplified by producing the grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of 250-400 μm of grain size, by spray drying gained grain size 50-150 μ
M micro-encapsulated diets are pelletized with rotating type granulating machine, by screening, 40-60 mesh feeds are obtained, as core.With ethyl cellulose
For wall material.Wall material is coated and the mass ratio of core is 5：100；The micro- glue of 250-400 μm of grain size is made with fluidization granulation seed-coating machine
Capsule feed.Outlet and inlet temperature is respectively 50 DEG C, 30 DEG C, it is dry after moisture control 6 ± 0.8%, final sizing is packed, entered
Storehouse.
Embodiment five：
Exemplified by producing the grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of 400-500 μm of grain size, by spray drying gained grain size 50-150 μ
M micro-encapsulated diets are pelletized with rotating type granulating machine, by screening, 40-60 mesh feeds are obtained, as core.With ethyl cellulose
For wall material.Wall material is coated and the mass ratio of core is 5：100；The micro- glue of 400-500 μm of grain size is made with fluidization granulation seed-coating machine
Capsule feed.Outlet and inlet temperature is respectively 55 DEG C, 35 DEG C, it is dry after moisture control 6 ± 0.8%, final sizing is packed, entered
Storehouse.
Use example：
In order to verify the using effect of micro-encapsulated diet, carry out micro-encapsulated diet and substitute biological feed to grouper larvae growth
Performance and immunocompetent influence experiment.Experiment is carried out in Zhangpu County Buddhist water fish nursery in Zhenghai covered with clouds, using 4 mouthfuls of water mud sumps, often
Open area 25m2, the depth of water is about in 100cm.Experiment sets 2 groups altogether, and control group feeds biological feed according to conventional seedbed system method, experiment
Group substitutes biological feed, every group of each 2 mouthfuls of water mud sump with the ratio of micro-encapsulated diet 25wt%.Angled tape lithosporic is put in a suitable place to breed per saliva mud sump
Fish-egg 0.25kg.Experiment after grouper hatching emergence 10 ages in days, in 45 age in days the overall length of grouper larvae, survive
Rate, immunocompetence are shown in Table 1.By experiment, obtain micro-encapsulated diet can partial alternative biological feed result.
1 micro-encapsulated diet of table substitutes biological feed to grouper larvae growth performance
With immunocompetent influence
Note：With data in a line have different Superscript letters persons represent significant difference (P<0.05)。
Claims (7)
1. a kind of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet, it is characterised in that：Its formula includes core, wall material and surfactant；
Core composition of raw materials includes：It is imported fish meal, fish protein hydrolysate levels, artemia powder, casein, DHA algal powder, fish oil, laminarin, multiple
Close vitamin；Wall material raw material formula includes starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate, water；The surfactant includes Span 80 and tween
80。
2. a kind of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The core is by weight
Amount percentages include：Imported fish meal 40-55%, fish protein hydrolysate levels 12-18%, artemia powder 10-15%, casein 6-12%, DHA
Algae powder 4-6%, fish oil 2-5%, laminarin 0.3-0.6%, multi-vitamins 0.2-0.3%.
3. a kind of prepare a kind of method of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Bag
Include following processing step：
（1）Core ultramicro grinding 100wt% is crossed into 100 mesh；90wt% crosses 120 mesh, and uniform and stable powder state core is made；
（2）By 100 parts by weight powder state cores, 200-220 parts by weight water, 8 parts by weight Spans 80,25-35 parts by weight eggs
Huang is mixed 5 minutes, then is ground 6-8 minutes by colloid mill, it is made to homogenize, obtains colostrum slurry；
（3）By 23-28 parts by weight starch Sodium Octenyl Succinate, 220-230 parts by weight water, 6-8 parts by weight Tween 80,6
Parts by weight of glycerin, 25-35 parts by weight egg white solutions are mixed 6 minutes, add step（2）Gained colostrum slurry；Continue to stir
It mixes 8 minutes, obtains emulsion slurry；
（4）By gained emulsion slurry spray drying forming, 50-150 μm of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of grain size is obtained；Then
Screening, packaging and storage are used to prepare big 250-500 μm of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of grain size.
4. a kind of preparation method of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step
（4）The spray drying is specially：Its outlet and inlet temperature is respectively 180-200 DEG C, 60-70 DEG C, and moisture, which controls, after drying exists
6±0.8%。
5. a kind of preparation method of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step
（4）Described in for manufacturing big 250-500 μm of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of grain size be specially：
50-150 μm of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet of gained grain size rotating type granulating machine is pelletized as core；With ethyl
Cellulose is wall material, and fluidization granulation coating is spray-dried, grain size micro-encapsulated diet is made.
6. a kind of preparation method of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Wall material
Mass ratio with core is 5-8：100.
7. a kind of preparation method of grouper larvae micro-encapsulated diet according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Spraying
Dry is specially that outlet and inlet temperature is respectively 50-60 DEG C, 30-35 DEG C, and moisture control is 6 ± 0.8% after drying.
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ID=62214578
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| CN110547376A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-10 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | Microcapsule feed for pseudosciaena crocea larvae and juveniles and preparation method thereof |
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