CN103704029A - Method for raising solanaceous vegetable seedlings by grafting - Google Patents
Method for raising solanaceous vegetable seedlings by grafting Download PDFInfo
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- CN103704029A CN103704029A CN201310721758.XA CN201310721758A CN103704029A CN 103704029 A CN103704029 A CN 103704029A CN 201310721758 A CN201310721758 A CN 201310721758A CN 103704029 A CN103704029 A CN 103704029A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for raising solanaceous vegetable seedlings by grafting. The method comprises the steps of cutting off certain internodes, below the fifth nodes and above cotyledons, of stock seedlings; drilling an inserting port downwards in a stock cut, wherein the depth of the inserting port is 5mm-10mm, and the inclination of the inserting port is 30 degrees to 60 degrees; inserting a scion with one or two true leaves into the inserting port, and enabling the basal part of the stem of the scion to make full contact with a cambium of the inserting port of the stock; mulching the surface of a plant with a film to carry out sealing and moisture retention after grafting, and maintaining the air humidity to be above 95% inside the film for seven to ten days to promote the inserting port of the stock and the scion to coalesce and survive; opening the film to ventilate and harden seedlings gradually after the inserting port coalesced. According to the method for raising the solanaceous vegetable seedlings by the grafting, small seedlings (stock seedlings and scion seedlings) of short seedling stages are utilized, and the grafting is carried out by adopting a top grafting method which is simple and fast in operation. Through the adoption of the method, seedling cultivating time can be shortened, and seedling cultivating cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture field, relate in particular to a kind of method of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth.
Background technology
It is to prevent and treat the soil-borne diseases such as bacterial wilt, verticillium wilt, epidemic disease, root knot nematode disease and improve heat-resisting, cold-resistant, the impoverishment tolerant of scion variety, the most effectual way of the resistance to resistance such as pickled that the solanaceous vegetables such as tomato, eggplant, capsicum (pimento) is produced the upper grafting cultivation that adopts.Vegetables industry developed country generally applies grafting cultivation, and China's solanaceous vegetables grafting cultivation popularizing area is also in continuous increase.
Traditional grafting of solanaceous vegetables mainly adopts cleft grafting and the method such as amplexiforms, the shortcoming of these methods is that the stem of requirement rootstock seedling and scion seedling reaches certain rugosity, so grow seedling stage (more than 30-50 days), and the basically identical just easily operation of the stem rugosity that requires stock and scion, if the growth rate of rootstock seedling and scion seedling is inconsistent, just need stock and scion to stagger the sowing time, and produce, be above difficult to hold the number of days that interval is sowed, so often because the stem rugosity of stock and scion is inconsistent, affect graft survival rate.Tradition grafting method also needs the instrument fixed interfaces such as Grafting clip or sleeve pipe, also needs little shed moisturizing after grafting.In sum, prior art exists that seedling raise period is long, technology is implemented more difficult, manpower and material drops into the high shortcomings of seedling cost such as larger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, long seedling stage for current solanaceous vegetables graft stock and scion, need fixing grafting mouth, keep the difficult more loaded down with trivial details deficiency of operation that waits of humidity, develop the utilization seedling in shorter seedling stage (rootstock seedling and scion seedling), the new method for raising seedling that adopts simple and quick tip cutting method to carry out grafting.Use this method can shorten seedling raise period, reduce seedling cost.
A method for solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth, comprises the following steps:
(1), rootstock seedling certain internode below the 5th joint more than cotyledon is cut off;
(2), in stock incision, bore a socket down, this socket degree of depth is 5mm-10mm, and gradient is 30 °-60 °;
(3), scion basal part of stem with 1-2 sheet true leaf is inserted in described socket, make the basal part of stem of scion fully contact the formation layer of stock socket;
(4), after grafting in the airtight moisturizing of plant surface coverage mulch film, keep the above 7-10 days of air humidity 95% in mulch film, to promote stock socket and scion to heal, survive;
(5), after socket healing, progressively open mulch film ventilation hardening.
Further, the method for a kind of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth as above, described in step (3), the basal part of stem of scion is for being cut into wedge.
Further, the method for a kind of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth as above, rootstock seedling and scion seedling own-rooted tree grow 1-2 sheet true leaf can start grafting.
Further, the method for a kind of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth as above, stock and scion seedling can be sowed simultaneously, sow scion after also can first sowing stock.
Further, the method for a kind of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth as above, step (3) if in after grafting 7-10 days Intensity of the sunlights reach 100,0001ux when above, above mulch film, the high covering of 1m 70% above sunshade net shelters from heat or light.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the rootstock seedling of solanaceous vegetables and scion seedling can start grafting after growing 1-2 sheet true leaf, do not require that the stem rugosity of stock and scion is consistent, and the length in seedling stage of rootstock seedling and scion seedling is not strict with.
2, on solanaceous vegetables grafting method, adopt the grafting of seedling tip cutting and use plastic mulching moisturizing, method of operating simple and fast.
3, owing to can shortening the seedling stage of rootstock seedling and scion seedling, and do not need the specific purpose tool fixed interfaces such as Grafting clip or sleeve pipe, need not little shed moisturizing etc., seedling cost can be reduced.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below technical scheme in the present invention be clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention cultivates stock and scion own-rooted tree: adopt seedling dish or seedbed to grow seedlings and all can, the present invention does not require that the stem rugosity of stock and scion is consistent, so stock and scion can be sowed simultaneously, also after stock can first being sowed, sow scion, number is not strict with every other day therebetween, generally recommends stock to sow in advance 3-5 days than scion.Stock and scion own-rooted tree grow 1-2 sheet true leaf can start grafting, and the stem rugosity of stock is thicker on not impact of grafting survival than scion.
Embodiment 1:
The internode of rootstock seedling the 2nd joint more than cotyledon is cut off, it with homemade sharp mouth bamboo chip, from inclination angle of the downward brill of stock otch, is the socket of 45 °, socket severity control is 5mm-10mm (lower end can be worn out stock epidermis a little), the whole strain of scion seedling is pulled up, with blade, be cut into the scion with 1-2 sheet true leaf, blade truncation and perpendicular 1 cutter of cutting respectively for scion fracture, make it be cut into wedge cutting, then extract the bamboo chip being inserted in stock socket, scion is inserted in the socket of stock, make the otch basal part of stem of scion fully contact the formation layer of stock socket, it is stable that fully the object of contact makes scion insertion on the one hand, do not need other fixtures, improve on the one hand the survival rate of grafting.
Covering with plastic film moisturizing after grafting: in the airtight moisturizing of plant surface coverage mulch film, keep in film air humidity more than 95% 10 days after grafting, promote stock and scion socket to heal into, socket is progressively opened mulch film ventilation hardening after healing.
Embodiment 2:
The internode of rootstock seedling the 3rd joint more than cotyledon is cut off, it with homemade sharp mouth bamboo chip, from inclination angle of the downward brill of stock otch, is the socket of 30 °, socket severity control is 5mm-10mm (lower end can be worn out stock epidermis a little), the whole strain of scion seedling is pulled up, with blade, be cut into the scion with 1-2 sheet true leaf, blade truncation and perpendicular 1 cutter of cutting respectively for scion fracture, be cut into wedge cutting, then extract the bamboo chip point being inserted in stock socket, scion is inserted in the socket of stock, make the otch basal part of stem of scion fully contact the formation layer of stock socket, it is stable that fully the object of contact makes scion insertion on the one hand, do not need other fixtures, improve on the one hand the survival rate of grafting.
Covering with plastic film moisturizing after grafting: in the airtight moisturizing of plant surface coverage mulch film, keep in film air humidity more than 95% 7 days after grafting, promote stock and scion socket to heal into, socket is progressively opened mulch film ventilation hardening after healing.
Embodiment 3:
The internode of rootstock seedling the 4th joint more than cotyledon is cut off, it with homemade sharp mouth bamboo chip, from inclination angle of the downward brill of stock otch, is the socket of 60 °, socket severity control is 5mm-10mm (lower end can be worn out stock epidermis a little), the whole strain of scion seedling is pulled up, with blade, be cut into the scion with 1-2 sheet true leaf, blade truncation and perpendicular 1 cutter of cutting respectively for scion fracture, be cut into wedge cutting, then extract the bamboo chip being inserted in stock socket, scion is inserted in the socket of stock, make the otch basal part of stem of scion fully contact the formation layer of stock socket, it is stable that fully the object of contact makes scion insertion on the one hand, do not need other fixtures, improve on the one hand the survival rate of grafting.
Covering with plastic film moisturizing after grafting: in the airtight moisturizing of plant surface coverage mulch film, keep in film air humidity more than 95% 9 days after grafting, promote stock and scion socket to heal into, socket is progressively opened mulch film ventilation hardening after healing.
Above embodiment, if solar irradiation excessively strong (more than 100,0001ux) in the 7-10 after grafting days, above mulch film, the high 70% above sunshade net that covers of 1m shelters from heat or light; In addition, all processes in grafting operation, sharp mouth bamboo chip, blade and operating personnel's that grafting is used both hands every 2 hours with 70% alcohol disinfecting once, invade and occur rotten seedling phenomenon from grafting mouth can to reduce the pathogens such as epidemic disease after grafting by moisturizing phase of 7-10 days.
Comparative example 1:
Adopt cleft graft grafting.The whole strain of scion seedling is pulled up, with blade, be cut into the scion with 1-2 sheet true leaf, blade truncation 2 cuttves for scion fracture, are cut into two-sided ligulate cutting; Select the rootstock seedling basically identical with scion rugosity, internode of its 3rd joint more than cotyledon is cut off, with blade, from the stock otch intermediate vertical formation socket of being rived downwards, socket severity control is at 5mm-10mm; Scion is inserted in the socket of stock, with the fixing graft union of stock and scion of Grafting clip.
After grafting, put into the airtight moisturizing of little shed of rising 1m, keep in canopy air humidity at more than 95% 9 days.If solar irradiation excessively strong (more than 100,0001ux) covers 70% above sunshade net and shelters from heat or light on little shed during this time.
Comparative example 2:
Adopt pith-cambium grafting method grafting.The whole strain of scion seedling is pulled up, with blade, be cut into the scion with 1-2 sheet true leaf, blade 1 cutter of cutting sth. askew for scion fracture, inclination angle is 45 °, is cut into single face elliptical shape tangent plane; Select the rootstock seedling basically identical with scion rugosity, the internode of its 3rd joint more than cotyledon is cut off, according to the cutting method of scion, be cut into single face elliptical shape tangent plane; The tangent plane of the tangent plane of scion and stock is adjacent to, with the fixing graft union of stock and scion of sleeve pipe.
After grafting, put into the airtight moisturizing of little shed of rising 1m, keep in canopy air humidity at more than 95% 9 days.If solar irradiation excessively strong (more than 100,0001ux) covers 70% above sunshade net and shelters from heat or light on little shed during this time.
The data such as graft survival rate of above embodiment and comparative example are analyzed, obtain table 1:
Table 1:
Conclusion: adopt the technology of the present invention, not only graft survival rate is higher than cleft graft and note connection, and require not strict the seedling stage of applicable grafting, long from the interval number of days can grafting finishing to grafting, the matching degree of stock and scion reaches more than 98%, and grafting service speed (average grafting speed) is significantly high than cleft graft and note connection.More than illustrate that the technology of the present invention has the advantage that can shorten seedling raise period and reduce seedling cost.
Finally it should be noted that: above embodiment only, in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a method for solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), rootstock seedling certain internode below the 5th joint more than cotyledon is cut off;
(2), in stock incision, bore a socket down, this socket degree of depth is 5mm-10mm, and gradient is 30 °-60 °;
(3), scion basal part of stem with 1-2 sheet true leaf is inserted in described socket, make the basal part of stem of scion fully contact the formation layer of stock socket;
(4), after grafting in the airtight moisturizing of plant surface coverage mulch film, keep the above 7-10 days of air humidity 95% in mulch film, to promote stock socket and scion to heal, survive;
(5), after socket healing, progressively open mulch film ventilation hardening.
2. the method for a kind of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in step (3), the basal part of stem of scion is for being cut into wedge.
3. the method for a kind of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth according to claim 1, is characterized in that, stock and scion own-rooted tree grow 1-2 sheet true leaf can start grafting.
4. the method for a kind of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth according to claim 1, is characterized in that, stock and scion can be sowed simultaneously, sows scion after also can first sowing stock.
5. the method for a kind of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (3) if in after grafting 7-10 days as Intensity of the sunlight reach 100,0001ux when above, above mulch film, 1m height covering 70% above sunshade net shelters from heat or light.
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| CN201310721758.XA CN103704029B (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | A kind of method of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth |
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| CN201310721758.XA CN103704029B (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | A kind of method of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth |
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| CN103704029A true CN103704029A (en) | 2014-04-09 |
| CN103704029B CN103704029B (en) | 2016-02-10 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108886992A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-27 | 和县中禾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth |
| CN111788951A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-10-20 | 贵州省园艺研究所(贵州省园艺工程技术研究中心) | Method for grafting solanum nigrum on eggplant |
| CN112273080A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-01-29 | 济南市蔬菜技术推广服务中心(济南市淡水养殖科学研究所) | Novel method for grafting and seedling raising of eggplants by utilizing grafting |
| CN112825688A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-05-25 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating tomato grafted seedlings and application |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108886992A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-27 | 和县中禾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of solanaceous vegetables graft seedling growth |
| CN112825688A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-05-25 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for cultivating tomato grafted seedlings and application |
| CN111788951A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-10-20 | 贵州省园艺研究所(贵州省园艺工程技术研究中心) | Method for grafting solanum nigrum on eggplant |
| CN112273080A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-01-29 | 济南市蔬菜技术推广服务中心(济南市淡水养殖科学研究所) | Novel method for grafting and seedling raising of eggplants by utilizing grafting |
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| CN103704029B (en) | 2016-02-10 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210310 Address after: 531500 southwest of the intersection of jinmang Avenue and Hengshan Avenue, Tiandong County, Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee after: Guangxi Tiandong Changjiang Tiancheng seedling Co., Ltd Address before: 530004 No. 100, University Road, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning Patentee before: GUANGXI University |
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