CN103694035A - Preparation method of sustained released type nutrient for soilless culture of cucumbers - Google Patents
Preparation method of sustained released type nutrient for soilless culture of cucumbers Download PDFInfo
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- CN103694035A CN103694035A CN201310630540.3A CN201310630540A CN103694035A CN 103694035 A CN103694035 A CN 103694035A CN 201310630540 A CN201310630540 A CN 201310630540A CN 103694035 A CN103694035 A CN 103694035A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a nutrient used for soilless culture of cucumbers by using sustained released gel as a carrier, belonging to the technical field of plant nutrients. The preparation method comprises the steps of taking gelatin solution, adding activated carbon, mixing uniformly, heating, keeping the temperature, adding acetone and glutaraldehyde, heating, keeping the temperature, reducing the temperature, and filtering to obtain a solid substance; stirring carbomer, polycarbophil, sodium alginate and water, then adding calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, potassium nitrate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, manganese sulfate, vitamin B group, chitosan, nicotinamide and amino acid, and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture I; adding sodium hydroxide solution into the mixture I, then adding organic acid and the solid substance, mixing uniformly and standing to obtain the product. The sustained released type nutrient for soilless culture of cucumbers eliminates the disadvantage that nutrients are required to be added in cultured water frequently, can be added one time per mouth generally, and can improve the yield of the cucumbers produced by soilless culture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of the nutrition agent that a kind of yellowish-white soilless culture uses, particularly relate to and using sustained-release gel as the preparation method of the cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient agent of carrier, belong to plant nutrient agent technical field.
Background technology
Soilless culture is exactly without soil, uses the technology of nutritional liquid grown plant completely, is a significant innovation in mankind's planting patterns.Soilless culture is not only grown soon, output is high, quality good, and the mankind's plantation activity has been liberated out from the constraint of soil, for realizing batch production, the automatization of agricultural, horticultural production, has opened wide prospect.
Soilless culture is without natural soil raise crop, and by arable farming in nutritive medium, this nutritive medium can replace natural soil to provide moisture, nutrient, oxygen, temperature to crop, makes the crop can normal growth and complete its whole life cycle.
Nutritive medium is the key of soilless culture, and Different Crop requires different nutrient solution prescriptions.The formula of delivering in the world is at present a lot, but similar, because initial formula originally comes from the chemical composition analysis to soil extraction.In nutrient solution prescription, difference maximum be the ratio of nitrogen and potassium wherein.
Cucumber, also claims cucumber, green cucumber, teaselgourd, belongs to cucurbitaceous plant.Cultivation history is long, is distributed widely in all over China, is worldwide vegetables, and is one of main greenhouse product.The melon skin of cucumber was dark green originally, had put for a long time and can gradually become yellow, was called again strong yellow melon.
Cucumber, when soilless culture, need to be controlled environment: temperature remains on 20～28 ℃ of left and right daytime, is the highlyest no more than 32 ℃, and night, temperature was not less than 10 ℃, will keep the day and night temperature of 10 ℃ to be beneficial to bud differentiation simultaneously.General fine weather atmospheric moisture remains on 80% left and right.
And it is more strict to the control of nutritive medium, generally need within every 2～3 days, add 1 time.Taking out the climing phase, after field planting, 3～5d need coordinate drip irrigation with manually watering nutritive medium, and every day at the upper and lower noon respectively waters 1 time, each 100～250mL/ strain.After 3～5d, use again drip irrigation pipe dropping liquid, every day 3 times, each 3～8min, individual plant service discharge is 0.5～1.5L, at most 2L.In flowering period, nutrient solution concentration should be brought up to 1.2～1.5 dosage.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: a kind of cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient agent that slow-release material is carrier of take is provided, while reducing soilless culture, carries out too much the operation that applies of nutritive medium, reduce working strength.The technical scheme adopting is as follows:
A preparation method for slow release type cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient agent, comprises the steps:
The 1st step, by weight, get mass concentration and be 50～60 parts of 5%～10% gelatin solutions, add the gac of 5～8 parts, mix, then be warming up to 40～50 ℃, be incubated 1～2 hour, then add the acetone of 5～10 parts and the glutaraldehyde of 8～16 parts, be warming up to 45～55 ℃, be incubated 2～4 hours, be cooled to again 5～10 ℃, filter, obtain solids;
The 2nd step, by weight, get 20～30 parts of carbomers, 5～15 parts of Polycarbophils, 10～20 parts of sodium alginates, 50～80 parts, water, stir 4～6 hours, add again 5～10 parts of four water-calcium nitrates, 10～12 parts, saltpetre, 8～16 parts of Secondary ammonium phosphates, 5～10 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrates, 0.2～0.4 part of manganous sulfate, 0.05～0.1 part of vitamin B complex, 0.5～1 part of chitosan, 0.5～2 part of niacinamide, 0.5～2 part, amino acid, mix, obtain mixture I;
The 3rd step, in mixture I, add sodium hydroxide solution until pH is 6.0～7.0, then add the solids of 3～6 parts of organic acids and the 1st step gained, after mixing, standing 12～24 hours.
Preferred, described vitamin B complex is vitamin B6 or vitamin B12.
Preferred, described amino acid is a kind of in α-amino-isovaleric acid, methionine(Met) or Isoleucine.
Preferred, described organic acid is oxysuccinic acid or nicotinic acid.
Preferred, in the 3rd described step, the mass concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 1%～3%.
beneficial effect
Slow release type cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient provided by the invention agent, has exempted the deficiency that needs frequently to add nutrition agent in cultivating water, and add once next month of generalized case, and can improve the output of soilless culture cucumber.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The 1st step, to get mass concentration be 5% gelatin solution 50Kg, adds the gac of 5Kg, mixes, and is then warming up to 40 ℃, be incubated 1 hour, then add the glutaraldehyde of acetone and the 8Kg of 5Kg, be warming up to 45 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, be cooled to again 5 ℃, filter, obtain solids;
The 2nd step, get carbomer 20Kg, Polycarbophil 5Kg, sodium alginate 10Kg, water 50Kg, stir 4 hours, add again four water-calcium nitrate 5Kg, saltpetre 10Kg, Secondary ammonium phosphate 8Kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 5Kg, manganous sulfate 0.2Kg, vitamin B complex 0.05Kg, chitosan 0.5Kg, niacinamide 0.5Kg, amino acid 0.5Kg, mix, obtain mixture I;
The 3rd step, in mixture I, add sodium hydroxide solution until pH is 6.0, then add the solids of organic acid 3Kg and the 1st step gained, after mixing, standing 12 hours.
Described vitamin B complex is vitamin B6, and described amino acid is α-amino-isovaleric acid, and described organic acid is oxysuccinic acid, and in the 3rd described step, the mass concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 1%.
Embodiment 2
The 1st step, to get mass concentration be 10% gelatin solution 60Kg, adds the gac of 8Kg, mixes, and is then warming up to 50 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, then add the glutaraldehyde of acetone and the 16Kg of 10Kg, be warming up to 55 ℃, be incubated 4 hours, be cooled to again 10 ℃, filter, obtain solids;
The 2nd step, get carbomer 30Kg, Polycarbophil 15Kg, sodium alginate 20Kg, water 80Kg, stir 6 hours, add again four water-calcium nitrate 10Kg, saltpetre 12Kg, Secondary ammonium phosphate 16Kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 10Kg, manganous sulfate 0.4Kg, vitamin B complex 0.1Kg, chitosan 1Kg, niacinamide 2Kg, amino acid 2Kg, mix, obtain mixture I;
The 3rd step, in mixture I, add sodium hydroxide solution until pH is 7.0, then add the solids of organic acid 6Kg and the 1st step gained, after mixing, standing 24 hours.
Described vitamin B complex is vitamin B12, and described amino acid is methionine(Met), and described organic acid is nicotinic acid, and in the 3rd described step, the mass concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 3%.
Embodiment 3
The 1st step, to get mass concentration be 7% gelatin solution 55Kg, adds the gac of 6Kg, mixes, and is then warming up to 46 ℃, be incubated 1 hour, then add the glutaraldehyde of acetone and the 9Kg of 7Kg, be warming up to 50 ℃, be incubated 3 hours, be cooled to again 7 ℃, filter, obtain solids;
The 2nd step, get carbomer 25Kg, Polycarbophil 10Kg, sodium alginate 15Kg, water 70Kg, stir 5 hours, add again four water-calcium nitrate 7Kg, saltpetre 11Kg, Secondary ammonium phosphate 13Kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 7Kg, manganous sulfate 0.3Kg, vitamin B complex 0.07Kg, chitosan 0.8Kg, niacinamide 0.9Kg, amino acid 0.9Kg, mix, obtain mixture I;
The 3rd step, in mixture I, add sodium hydroxide solution until pH is 6.5, then add the solids of organic acid 5Kg and the 1st step gained, after mixing, standing 18 hours.
Described vitamin B complex is vitamin B12, and described amino acid is Isoleucine, and described organic acid is oxysuccinic acid, and in the 3rd described step, the mass concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 2%.
Culture experiment
The cucumber of soilless culture is applied the nutrition agent of above embodiment gained in booth, water body need to be changed weekly once, in the water body of every cubic metre, adds nutrition agent 40～50g, monthly changes one time of nutrition agent.
Culture condition is: temperature remains on 20～28 ℃ of left and right daytime, is the highlyest no more than 32 ℃, and night, temperature was not less than 10 ℃, will keep the day and night temperature of 10 ℃ to be beneficial to bud differentiation simultaneously.General fine weather atmospheric moisture remains on 80% left and right.With commercially available universal soilless culture nutrient fluid, contrast.Respectively the Cucumber stem of 100 strains is tested, averaged.
Output is as shown in the table.
The cucumber yield that nutrition agent cultivation provided by the invention obtains is as can be seen from the table high, does not need to apply continually nutritive medium.
Claims (5)
1. a preparation method for slow release type cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient agent, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The 1st step, by weight, get mass concentration and be 50～60 parts of 5%～10% gelatin solutions, add the gac of 5～8 parts, mix, then be warming up to 40～50 ℃, be incubated 1～2 hour, then add the acetone of 5～10 parts and the glutaraldehyde of 8～16 parts, be warming up to 45～55 ℃, be incubated 2～4 hours, be cooled to again 5～10 ℃, filter, obtain solids;
The 2nd step, by weight, get 20～30 parts of carbomers, 5～15 parts of Polycarbophils, 10～20 parts of sodium alginates, 50～80 parts, water, stir 4～6 hours, add again 5～10 parts of four water-calcium nitrates, 10～12 parts, saltpetre, 8～16 parts of Secondary ammonium phosphates, 5～10 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrates, 0.2～0.4 part of manganous sulfate, 0.05～0.1 part of vitamin B complex, 0.51 part of chitosan, 0.5～2 part of niacinamide, 0.5～2 part, amino acid, mix, obtain mixture I;
The 3rd step, in mixture I, add sodium hydroxide solution until pH is 6.0～7.0, then add the solids of 3～6 parts of organic acids and the 1st step gained, after mixing, standing 12～24 hours.
2. the preparation method of slow release type cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient according to claim 1 agent, is characterized in that: described vitamin B complex is vitamin B6 or vitamin B12.
3. the preparation method of slow release type cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient according to claim 1 agent, is characterized in that: described amino acid is a kind of in α-amino-isovaleric acid, methionine(Met) or Isoleucine.
4. the preparation method of slow release type cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient according to claim 1 agent, is characterized in that: described organic acid is oxysuccinic acid or nicotinic acid.
5. the preparation method of slow release type cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient according to claim 1 agent, is characterized in that: in the 3rd described step, the mass concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 1%～3%.
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| CN201310630540.3A CN103694035B (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2013-12-02 | The preparation method of a kind of slow release type cucumber soil-less culturing nutrient agent |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104211496A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-17 | 六安市农百万种业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer with water retention suitable for cucumber plantation, and its preparation method |
| CN104591880A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 东莞市高明企业服务有限公司 | Hydroponic fertilizer special for fruits and vegetables |
| CN106342901A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-25 | 江苏绿洲园艺绿化有限公司 | Preparation method of rooting agent for flowering plum |
| CN106892740A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-06-27 | 江苏润垚环保科技有限公司 | One kind promotes the flowers and fruits special biochemistry nutrition formula of liquid of growth |
| CN112119864A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-25 | 北京正唐峪秀环境科技有限公司 | Ceramsite soilless culture substrate as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| EP0829199A2 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-18 | Yazaki Corporation | Aqueous gel medium for growing plant |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104211496A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-17 | 六安市农百万种业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer with water retention suitable for cucumber plantation, and its preparation method |
| CN104591880A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 东莞市高明企业服务有限公司 | Hydroponic fertilizer special for fruits and vegetables |
| CN106342901A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-25 | 江苏绿洲园艺绿化有限公司 | Preparation method of rooting agent for flowering plum |
| CN106892740A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-06-27 | 江苏润垚环保科技有限公司 | One kind promotes the flowers and fruits special biochemistry nutrition formula of liquid of growth |
| CN112119864A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-25 | 北京正唐峪秀环境科技有限公司 | Ceramsite soilless culture substrate as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112119864B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-02-01 | 北京正唐峪秀环境科技有限公司 | Ceramsite soilless culture substrate as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103694035B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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Owner name: QINGHAI TRIUMPH PEAK AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY DEVELO Free format text: FORMER OWNER: NEOVOLTAIC ENERGY NANTONG CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150813 |
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