CN102503714B - Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN102503714B CN102503714B CN201110335764.2A CN201110335764A CN102503714B CN 102503714 B CN102503714 B CN 102503714B CN 201110335764 A CN201110335764 A CN 201110335764A CN 102503714 B CN102503714 B CN 102503714B
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- tobacco
- solution
- transplanting
- special fertilizer
- fertilizer
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, which is prepared from amino acid, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, urea, humic acid, ferrous sulfate, ABT4 rooting powder, nicotine and soluble sugar. The special fertilizer is prepared by the steps of firstly, sufficiently mixing the amino acid, the nicotine and the soluble sugar to obtain mixed liquor; sequentially adding the ammonium hydrogen carbonate, part of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, part of the potassium nitrate, the urea and the ABT4 rooting powder into the mixed liquor for sufficient dissolution so as to obtain liquor A; sequentially dissolving the humic acid, part of the potassium nitrate, the potassium sulfate, part of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and the ferrous sulfate into water to obtain liquor B; and respectively packaging the diluted liquor A and the diluted liquor B for standby. The special fertilizer for transplanting the tobacco has the advantages that root system growth of tobacco strains is promoted, use rate of the fertilizer is increased, survival of tobacco seedlings is benefitted, pests after transplantation are decreased, the period of returning seedlings to a land for growing field crops is shortened, nutrient absorbing capacity of the tobacco strains is promoted, disease resistance and drought resistance of the tobacco strains are enhanced, the output of the tobacco strains is improved and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant fertilizer, particularly relate to a kind of Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco.
Background technology
The wide popularization and application of tobacco industry technique of balanced fertilizer, has greatly promoted the raising of yield of tobacco, quality.But current technique of balanced fertilizer is only focused on the tobacco plant nutrition demand balance from whole breeding time mostly, has but ignored the greatest differences of cigarette strain different times to nutrient absorption capability.On China's tobacco cultivation, generally take the fertilizing method that topdresses and combine after transplanting front fertilising and transplanting, in recent years, because labor cost increases, single fertilization when some areas take to transplant.The disadvantage of above-mentioned fertilization mode is that utilization rate of fertilizer is lower, and a large amount of fertilizer is leached or is fixing, and environment is caused to severe contamination, and wherein single fertilization is higher to fertilising opportunity and status requirement, often causes aborning the problems such as fertilizer damage.
What tobacco planting was taked is the form Fen Li with Production of Large Fields of growing seedlings.Therefore, in transplanting process, tobacco root is easily damaged, and simultaneously growing environment generation acute variation causes that to go back seedling after transplanting slower, and root growth is slower, poor to the receptivity of nutrient.Particularly in Main Tobacco-growing Regions In South, because temperature after transplanting is lower, the speed of tobacco seedling growth is slower, and this, rainwater was relatively many in period, caused fertilizer leaching comparatively serious.How to promote the early growth of cigarette seedling, the Fast Growth of root system after particularly transplanting, significant to improving China's leaf tobacco production level.
In recent years, China's cigarette district has developed some Special fertilizer for transplantings in succession, but all transplanting fertilizer is mineral manure at present, its action principle is mainly to select some available nutrients that easily absorbed by cigarette strain, as nitric nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and solubility potash fertilizer, at promotion cigarette seedling, survive and there is certain effect, but fundamentally solve the problem that promotes cigarette strain root growth.Part cigarette district occurs that cigarette shoot survival percent improves, but the growth velocity in early stage do not promote, and even occurs suppressing the phenomenon of root growth, causes leaf tobacco production to be elongated from the time of a group of being transplanted to, has shortened the time that quality of tobacco factor accumulates.Because root system generation in early stage is not enough, in cigarette strain, entering Fast Growth after date does not significantly increase the receptivity of nutrient, even there will be the situation of of short duration nutrient supply deficiency.In addition, existing transplanting special fertilizer does not solve a difficult problem that improves utilization rate of fertilizer, even can increase the usage quantity of fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the weak point for current tobacco transplant fertilizer, a kind of Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco is provided.Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention is applicable to the liquid fertilizer of tobacco planting, when cigarette transplantation of seedlings, waters and executes with transplanting in latter 1 month, uses 25～50kg for every mu.Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention has the cigarette of promotion strain root system development, raising utilization rate of fertilizer, promotes cigarette seedling to survive, reduce the insect after transplanting, shortens the also advantage such as nutrient absorption capability, the disease resistance that improves cigarette strain and the drought-resistant ability of seedling stage, the strain of promotion cigarette and the output of raising cigarette strain of land for growing field crops.
In order to address the above problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, take the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of 1kg as benchmark, in described Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, contain amino acid/11～5g, saltpetre 90～110g, potassium sulfate 35～50g, primary ammonium phosphate 90～110g, bicarbonate of ammonia 15～28g, urea 4～5.5g, humic acids 60～75g, ferrous sulfate 30～45g, ABT
4root-inducing powder 30～80mg, nicotine 8～10g and soluble sugar 15～25g.
A preparation method for Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, described preparation method comprises the following steps:
A, according to the proportioning ratio of above-mentioned Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, take various raw materials, first the amino acid taking, nicotine and soluble sugar are fully mixed, after mixing, dissolve and obtain mixing solutions;
B, by the raw material bicarbonate of ammonia, primary ammonium phosphate, saltpetre, urea and the ABT that take
4in the mixing solutions that root-inducing powder adds step a to obtain successively, fully dissolve, after dissolving, obtain solution A;
The consumption of described primary ammonium phosphate is 40% of proportioning ratio institute expense; The consumption of described saltpetre is 30% of proportioning ratio institute expense;
C, the raw material humic acids, saltpetre, potassium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate and the ferrous sulfate that take are dissolved in the water successively, after fully dissolving, obtain solution B;
The consumption of described primary ammonium phosphate is 60% of proportioning ratio institute expense; The consumption of described saltpetre is 70% of proportioning ratio institute expense;
D, solution A and solution B that step b and step c are obtained add respectively water to dilute, after dilution, solution A and solution B are packed respectively, solution A after dilution and the solution B weight ratio between the two is 2:3, the two weight sum of solution A after dilution and solution B is 1kg, obtains the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of 1kg.
Through containing Multiple components in the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of 1kg preparing, the content of each composition is respectively: aminoacids content 1
~5gkg
-1, humic acids content 60
~75gkg
-1, nitrate nitrogen content 13
~17gkg
-1, ammonium nitrogen content 14
~18gkg
-1, urea content 4
~5.5gkg
-1, potassium oxide content 60
~68gkg
-1, ABT
4root-inducing powder content 30
~80mgkg
-1, ferrous sulfate content 25
~40gkg
-1, plant insecticide (nicotine) content 8
~10gkg
-1, total Soluble Sugar content 15
~25gkg
-1and P
2o
5content 58
~65gkg
-1.
The various raw materials that the present invention adopts: amino acid kind is no less than 15 kinds and (derives from plant, comprise aspartic acid, Threonine, Serine, L-glutamic acid, glycine, L-Ala, the amino acid of the kinds such as Histidine), in saltpetre, nitrogen content is 12～14%, potassium content is 34～39%, in potassium sulfate, potassium content is 38～44%, in primary ammonium phosphate, phosphorus content is 23～27%, nitrogen content is 10～12%, in bicarbonate of ammonia, nitrogen content is 15～17%, in urea, nitrogen content is 40～46%, the purity > 70% of humic acids, the purity > 95% of ferrous sulfate, ABT
4the purity > 90% of root-inducing powder, the concentration > 5g/kg of nicotine, in total Soluble Sugar, monose kind is not less than 5 kinds.
positive beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, through detecting, in Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention, contain Multiple components, the content of each composition is: aminoacids content 1
~5gkg
-1, humic acids content 60
~75gkg
-1, nitrate nitrogen content 13
~17gkg
-1, ammonium nitrogen content 14
~18gkg
-1, urea content 4
~5.5gkg
-1, potassium oxide content 60
~68gkg
-1, ABT
4root-inducing powder content 30
~80mgkg
-1, ferrous sulfate content 25
~40gkg
-1, plant insecticide (nicotine) content 8
~10gkg
-1, total Soluble Sugar content 15
~25gkg
-1and P
2o
5content 58
~65gkg
-1.The various compositions that contain in Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention have the cigarette of promotion strain root system development, raising utilization rate of fertilizer, promote cigarette seedling to survive, reduce the insect after transplanting, shorten the also advantage such as seedling stage, the nutrient absorption capability that promotes cigarette strain, the disease resistance that improves cigarette strain and drought-resistant ability and raising cigarette strain output of land for growing field crops.
2, in Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention, contain higher humic acids composition, nitrogen is had to higher adsorption, and the release of potassium, phosphorus in soil is had to the features such as promoter action; The amino acid, the Fe that add
2+and ABT
4root-inducing powder can significantly promote the growth of cigarette strain root system in early stage; In raw material, contain higher soluble sugar, be conducive to promote cigarette strain in the early stage root system Fast-propagation of middle microorganism around, promote the raising of the microbial population that is conducive to leaf tobacco production; In raw material, contain plant insecticide nicotine, can alleviate the insect pest of cigarette seedling after transplanting; In raw material, the ratio of N, P, K and nutrient form are coordinated, and meet the demand of cigarette strain early growth period to nutrient, are conducive to promote the Fast Growth of cigarette strain in early stage.
3, Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention takes liquid proterties and A, B solution separately to pack, and can effectively improve the validity of each composition in fertilizer, reduces phase mutual interference.Solution A and solution B are applicable to respectively the different links of transplanting, and effectively improve the utilization ratio of nutrient, can avoid fertilizer damage simultaneously.The present invention has taken into full account the mutual promoting action between ionic forms demand and the different shape nutrient of tobacco to Mineral Nutrition Absorption.
4, Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention has the effect that improves utilization rate of fertilizer, can reduce the destruction of fertilizer loss to environment.Thereby the present invention not only has significant economic benefit, and there is significant social benefit.
four, embodiment:
Following examples only, in order to further illustrate the present invention, do not limit content of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention, take the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of 50kg as benchmark, in described Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, contain amino acid 50g, saltpetre 5000g, potassium sulfate 2000g, primary ammonium phosphate 5000g, bicarbonate of ammonia 1000g, urea 200g, humic acids 3500g, ferrous sulfate 2000g, ABT
4root-inducing powder 2.5g, nicotine 500g and soluble sugar 750g.
The preparation method of Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention, described preparation method's detailed step is as follows:
A, according to the proportioning ratio of the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of above-mentioned 50kg, take various raw materials, first the amino acid taking, nicotine and soluble sugar are fully mixed, after mixing, dissolve and obtain mixing solutions;
B, by the raw material bicarbonate of ammonia, primary ammonium phosphate, saltpetre, urea and the ABT that take
4in the mixing solutions that root-inducing powder adds step a to obtain successively, fully dissolve, after dissolving, obtain solution A;
The consumption of described primary ammonium phosphate is 40% of proportioning ratio institute expense; The consumption of described saltpetre is 30% of proportioning ratio institute expense;
C, the raw material humic acids, saltpetre, potassium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate and the ferrous sulfate that take are dissolved in the water successively, after fully dissolving, obtain solution B;
The consumption of described primary ammonium phosphate is 60% of proportioning ratio institute expense; The consumption of described saltpetre is 70% of proportioning ratio institute expense;
D, solution A and solution B that step b and step c are obtained add respectively water to dilute, and after dilution, the weight of solution A is 20kg, and after dilution, the weight of solution B is 30kg, and solution A and solution B after dilution are carried out respectively to packed for standby use.
In the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of above-mentioned preparation: nitrogen content 6.5gkg
-1, P
2o
5content 12.4gkg
-1, K
2o content 13.5gkg
-1.
to the manurial experiment of the prepared liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of embodiment 1:
Test site is in Central Henan province, Henan, and the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of 50kg of the present invention and 17.5kg tobacco composite fertilizer special are used in every mu of ground.Using method is the disposable row replacement when ridging of tobacco composite fertilizer special, during transplanting, use the solution A 10kg after the invention described above dilution, be watered 1000kg and be used as and transplant normal root water and water and execute, transplant the solution A 10kg that uses for latter 15 days after the invention described above dilution and solution B 30kg and be watered 1000kg and water and execute.
Contrast every mu of ground and use the common transplanting special fertilizer of 5kg and 25kg tobacco composite fertilizer special.Using method is the disposable row replacement when ridging of tobacco composite fertilizer special; During transplanting, use the common transplanting special fertilizer of 2kg to be watered 1000kg and be used as and transplant normal root water and water and execute, transplant and within latter 15 days, use the common transplanting special fertilizer of 3kg to be watered 1000kg to water and execute.Controlled trial is the results detailed in Table 1 and table 2.
Table 1 fertilizer amount (Henan)
Table 2 cigarette strain root system development and output comparison (Henan)
Embodiment 2: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is:
Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention, take the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of 50kg as benchmark, in described Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, contain amino acid/11 20g, saltpetre 4800g, potassium sulfate 1750g, primary ammonium phosphate 4800g, bicarbonate of ammonia 1200g, urea 245g, humic acids 3300g, ferrous sulfate 1600g, ABT
4root-inducing powder 2.0g, nicotine 420g and soluble sugar 800g.
In the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of above-mentioned preparation: nitrogen content 6.5gkg
-1, P
2o
5content 11.9gkg
-1, K
2o content 12.6gkg
-1.
to the manurial experiment of the prepared liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of embodiment 2:
Test site is in Yongshun, Hunan, and the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the invention described above 50kg, 30kg tobacco composite fertilizer special are used in every mu of ground, and 15kg tobacco is special topdresses, 18kg potassium sulfate.Using method is the disposable row replacement when ridging of tobacco composite fertilizer special, during transplanting, use solution A 10kg after the invention described above dilution, be watered 1000kg and be used as and transplant normal root water and water and execute, transplanting the solution A 10kg that uses for latter 15 days after the invention described above dilution and solution B 30kg is watered 1000kg and waters and execute, transplant and impose the special 15kg of topdressing of tobacco in latter 30 days, transplant and within latter 45 days, impose potassium sulfate 18kg.
Contrast every mu of ground and use the common transplanting special fertilizer of 5kg and 45kg tobacco composite fertilizer special, 20kg tobacco is special topdresses, 25kg potassium sulfate.Using method is that tobacco composite fertilizer special is disposable row replacement at ridging, during transplanting, using 2kg to transplant special fertilizer is watered 1000kg and is used as and transplants normal root water and water and execute, transplant and within latter 15 days, use 3kg to transplant special fertilizer to be watered 1000kg and to water and execute, transplant and impose the special 20kg of topdressing of tobacco in latter 30 days, transplant and within latter 45 days, impose potassium sulfate 25kg.Controlled trial is the results detailed in Table 3 and table 4.
Table 3 fertilizer amount (Yongshun, Hunan)
Table 4 cigarette strain root system development and output comparison (Yongshun, Hunan)
Embodiment 3: substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is:
Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the present invention, take the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of 50kg as benchmark, in described Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, contain amino acid/11 50g, saltpetre 5150g, potassium sulfate 1850g, primary ammonium phosphate 5000g, bicarbonate of ammonia 1300g, urea 210g, humic acids 3750g, ferrous sulfate 1700g, ABT
4root-inducing powder 2.8g, nicotine 480g and soluble sugar 1000g.
In the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of above-mentioned preparation: nitrogen content 6.9gkg
-1, P
2o
5content 12.4gkg
-1, K
2o content 13.5gkg
-1.
to the manurial experiment of the prepared liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of embodiment 3:
Test site is in Guiyang, Hunan, and the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of the invention described above 50kg, 35kg tobacco composite fertilizer special are used in every mu of ground, and 15kg tobacco is special topdresses, 20kg potassium sulfate.Using method is the disposable row replacement when ridging of tobacco composite fertilizer special, during transplanting, use solution A 10kg after the invention described above dilution, be watered 1000kg and be used as and transplant normal root water and water and execute, transplanting the solution A 10kg that uses for latter 15 days after the invention described above dilution and solution B 30kg is watered 1000kg and waters and execute, transplant and impose the special 15kg of topdressing of tobacco in latter 30 days, transplant and within latter 45 days, impose potassium sulfate 20kg.
Contrast every mu of ground and use the common transplanting special fertilizer of 5kg and 55kg tobacco composite fertilizer special, 20kg tobacco is special topdresses, 30kg potassium sulfate.Using method is the disposable row replacement when ridging of tobacco composite fertilizer special, during transplanting, using 2kg to transplant special fertilizer is watered 1000kg and is used as and transplants normal root water and water and execute, transplant and within latter 15 days, use 3kg to transplant special fertilizer to be watered 1000kg and to water and execute, transplant and impose the special 20kg of topdressing of tobacco in latter 30 days, transplant and within latter 45 days, impose potassium sulfate 30kg.Controlled trial is the results detailed in Table 5 and table 6.
Table 5 fertilizer amount (Guiyang, Hunan)
Table 6 cigarette strain root system development and output comparison (Guiyang, Hunan)
Claims (1)
1. a Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, it is characterized in that: take the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of 1kg as benchmark, in described Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, contain amino acid/11～5g, saltpetre 90～110g, potassium sulfate 35～50g, primary ammonium phosphate 90～110g, bicarbonate of ammonia 15～28g, urea 4～5.5g, humic acids 60～75g, ferrous sulfate 30～45g, ABT
4root-inducing powder 30～80mg, nicotine 8～10g and soluble sugar 15～25g;
Raw material used: amino acid kind is no less than 15 kinds, derive from plant, comprise aspartic acid, Threonine, Serine, L-glutamic acid, glycine, L-Ala, Histidine, in saltpetre, nitrogen content is 12～14%, potassium content is 34～39%, in potassium sulfate, potassium content is 38～44%, in primary ammonium phosphate, phosphorus content is 23～27%, nitrogen content is 10～12%, in bicarbonate of ammonia, nitrogen content is 15～17%, in urea, nitrogen content is 40～46%, the purity > 70% of humic acids, the purity > 95% of ferrous sulfate, ABT
4the purity > 90% of root-inducing powder, the concentration > 5g/kg of nicotine, in total Soluble Sugar, monose kind is not less than 5 kinds;
The preparation method of described Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco comprises the following steps:
A, according to the proportioning ratio of Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco, take various raw materials, first the amino acid taking, nicotine and soluble sugar are fully mixed, after mixing, dissolve and obtain mixing solutions;
B, by the raw material bicarbonate of ammonia, primary ammonium phosphate, saltpetre, urea and the ABT that take
4in the mixing solutions that root-inducing powder adds step a to obtain successively, fully dissolve, after dissolving, obtain solution A;
The consumption of described primary ammonium phosphate is 40% of proportioning ratio institute expense; The consumption of described saltpetre is 30% of proportioning ratio institute expense;
C, the raw material humic acids, saltpetre, potassium sulfate, primary ammonium phosphate and the ferrous sulfate that take are dissolved in the water successively, after fully dissolving, obtain solution B;
The consumption of described primary ammonium phosphate is 60% of proportioning ratio institute expense; The consumption of described saltpetre is 70% of proportioning ratio institute expense;
D, solution A and solution B that step b and step c are obtained add respectively water to dilute, after dilution, solution A and solution B are packed respectively, solution A after dilution and the solution B weight ratio between the two is 2:3, the two weight sum of solution A after dilution and solution B is 1kg, obtains the liquid Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco of 1kg.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110335764.2A CN102503714B (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110335764.2A CN102503714B (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Special fertilizer for transplanting tobacco |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102503714A CN102503714A (en) | 2012-06-20 |
| CN102503714B true CN102503714B (en) | 2014-04-16 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107509430A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-12-26 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Tobacco cultivation fertilizing method |
| US11040920B2 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2021-06-22 | Innovations For World Nutrition Llc | Fertilizer and plant growth promoter to increase plant yield and method of increasing plant yield |
| CN113575922A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-02 | 四川轻化工大学 | Phosphate additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN114933510A (en) * | 2022-06-25 | 2022-08-23 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | Method for preparing liquid organic fertilizer special for tobacco by utilizing waste tobacco stems |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101200388A (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-06-18 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco foliage fertilizer |
| CN101423438A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2009-05-06 | 湖南省烟草公司永州市公司 | Flue-cured tobacco composite foliage fertilizer |
| CN101973824A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-02-16 | 河南农业大学 | Fertilizer capable of improve tobacco soil and promote growth of root |
| CN102173938A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2011-09-07 | 丁剑兰 | Novel active multi-composite microfertilizer and preparation method thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-10-31 CN CN201110335764.2A patent/CN102503714B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101200388A (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-06-18 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco foliage fertilizer |
| CN101423438A (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2009-05-06 | 湖南省烟草公司永州市公司 | Flue-cured tobacco composite foliage fertilizer |
| CN101973824A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-02-16 | 河南农业大学 | Fertilizer capable of improve tobacco soil and promote growth of root |
| CN102173938A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2011-09-07 | 丁剑兰 | Novel active multi-composite microfertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 不同肥料对烤烟叶片生理生化特性的影响;刘卫群等;《河南农业大学学报》;19980930;第32卷(第3期);第234-237页 * |
| 刘卫群等.不同肥料对烤烟叶片生理生化特性的影响.《河南农业大学学报》.1998,第32卷(第3期),第234-237页. |
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