CN103689563A - 一种有助于改善睡眠的养生保健食品配方及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种有助于改善睡眠的养生保健食品配方及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种有助于改善睡眠的养生保健食品配方及其制备方法。它包括下列重量份数比的原料:枸杞子600-1400份、黄精600-1500份、茯苓600-1500份、山药1000-2000份、桑葚800-1300份、玉竹500-1300份、莲子800-2000份、龙眼肉800-2000份、百合800-1400份、酸枣仁800-1700份。本发明制备工艺采用传统水煎提取方法,提取物直接分装入袋,工艺简单、服用方便。本发明能够改善睡眠质量,稳定情绪,减轻忧郁、压力、焦虑,增强免疫力、记忆力、逻辑思考力、理解能力,提高工作效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种有助于改善睡眠的养生保健食品配方及其制备方法。
背景技术
对于人,睡眠占了人生的三分之一,可以说睡眠的好坏是生活质量一半的基础。睡眠能帮助恢复体力和脑力,并能舒缓压力,增强记忆力,从而保持身体健康。人们若欠缺适量的睡眠,将有可能导致一些后遗症,如白天嗜睡、情绪不稳定、忧郁、压力、焦虑、失去应变能力、免疫力降低、记忆力减退、失却逻辑思考力、理解能力降低、工作效率下降等。随着社会的发展,人们工作以及生活的压力越来越大,失眠问题已经成为困扰人们生活的重要因素之一。WHO的一项研究表明,全球约有27%的人正面临失眠的困扰。选用药食同源的中药保健食品改善睡眠的前景非常广阔。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种有助于改善睡眠的养生保健食品配方及其制备方法。
本发明是由下述重量份数的原料制成的:枸杞子600-1400份、黄精600-1500份、茯苓600-1500份、山药1000-2000份、桑葚800-1300份、玉竹500-1300份、莲子800-2000份、龙眼肉800-2000份、百合800-1400份、酸枣仁800-1700份。
以上各成分的最佳重量配比是:枸杞子1000份、黄精1000份、茯苓1000份、山药1500份、桑葚1000份、玉竹1000份、莲子1500份、龙眼肉1500份、百合1200份、酸枣仁1200份。
一、本发明制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将配方中各原料置于煮提锅中,浸润30分钟,然后加入10倍量的去离子水,室温浸泡2小时后加热至沸腾,煮沸提取2小时,倾出水提液,过滤。
(2)再次加入原料10倍量的去离子水,煮沸提取2小时,倾出水提液,过滤。
(3)合并步骤(1)、(2)所得滤液,冷却至室温,离心30分钟,弃去沉淀,收集上清液。
(4)将步骤(3)所得的滤液浓缩至药液比为1∶2(60℃),添加天然吸附澄清剂(北京正天成澄清技术有限公司),离心30分钟,弃去沉淀,收集上清液;
(5)将步骤(4)所得的上清液浓缩至相对密度≥1.27g·ml-1(60℃),干燥,粉碎,分装成10克的小包装。
本发明的配方组成合理,制作工艺科学,携带及食用方便。长期食用本品能改善睡眠质量,稳定情绪,减轻忧郁、压力、焦虑,增强免疫力、记忆力、逻辑思考力、理解能力,提高工作效率。
二、用药分析:
枸杞子为茄科植物宁夏枸杞Lycium barbarum L.的干燥成熟果实。
【性味与归经】甘、平。归肝、肾经。
【功效】滋补肝肾,益精明目。
【应用】治疗精血不足所致的视力减退、内障目昏、头晕目眩、腰膝酸软、遗精滑泄、耳聋、牙齿松动、须发早白、失眠多梦以及肝肾阴虚,潮热盗汗、消渴等证。
《神农本草经》称枸杞子“久服坚筋骨,轻身不老,耐寒暑”。
《本草汇言》赞之“使气可充,血可补,阳可生,阴可长”。
《本草纲目》记载:“枸杞,补肾生精,养肝,明目,坚筋骨,去疲劳,易颜色,变白,明目安神,令人长寿。”
现代医学研究证实:枸杞子含有甜菜硷、多糖、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、胡萝卜素、维生素A、维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2及钙、磷、铁、锌、锰、亚油酸等营养成分。枸杞子对免疫有促进作用,同时具有免疫调节作用;可提高血睾酮水平,起强壮作用;对造血功能有促进作用;对正常健康人也有显著升白细胞作用;还有抗氧化、抗衰老、抗疲劳、抗突变、抗肿瘤、降血脂、保肝及抗脂肪肝、降血糖、降血压、补肾、明目、养颜、健脑、排毒、保护生殖系统、抗辐射损伤等功能。
黄精为百合科植物滇黄精(Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hemsl.)、黄精(Polygonatumsibiricum Red.)或多花黄精(Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua.)的干燥根茎。
【性味与归经】甘、平。归脾、肺、肾经。
【功效】补气养阴,健脾,润肺,益肾。
【应用】治疗肺金气阴两伤之干咳少痰、肺肾阴虚之劳嗽久咳、脾胃虚弱、体倦乏力、食欲不振、口干食少,能延缓衰老,改善头晕、腰膝酸软、须发早白、精血不足,内热消渴等症。
《本草纲目》:“补诸虚、止寒热、填精髓。”
《日华子本草》:“补五劳七伤,助筋骨,生肌,耐寒暑,益脾胃,润心肺”。
现代医学研究证实:黄精根茎含烟酸、粘液质、醌类,并含黄精多糖甲、乙、丙,黄精低聚糖甲、乙、丙,多糖甲、乙、丙均由葡萄糖、甘露糖、半乳糖醛酸结合而成;低聚糖甲、乙、丙均由葡萄糖和果糖结合而成,另含赖氨酸等11种氨基酸。能提高机体免疫功能和促进DNA、RNA及蛋白质的合成,促进淋巴细胞转化作用;具有显著的抗结核杆菌作用;对多种致病性真菌有抑制作用;对伤寒杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌也有抑制作用;有增加冠脉流量及降压作用,并能降血脂及减轻冠状动脉粥样硬化程度;对肾上腺素引起的血糖过高呈显著抑制作用;还有抑制肾上腺皮质的作用和延缓衰老作用;黄精多糖具有免疫激活作用。
茯苓为多孔菌科真菌茯苓Poria cocos(Schw.)Wolf的干燥菌核。
【性味与归经】甘、淡,平。归心、肺、脾、肾经。
【功效】利水渗湿,健脾宁心。
【应用】用于水肿尿少,痰饮眩悸,脾虚食少,便溏泄泻,心神不安,惊悸失眠。
《日华子本草》:“补五劳七伤,安胎,暖腰膝,开心益智,止健忘。”
《用药心法》:“茯苓,淡能利窍,甘以助阳,除湿之圣药也。味甘平补阳,益脾逐水,生津导气。”
现代医学研究证实:茯苓能增强机体免疫功能,茯苓多糖具有抗胸腺萎缩及抗脾脏增大和抑制肿瘤生长的功能,茯苓多糖灌胃能增强小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能,增加ANAE阳性淋巴细胞数,还能使小鼠脾脏抗体分泌细胞数明显增多。茯苓多糖亦能使环磷酰胺所引起的大白鼠白细胞减少加速回升。羧甲基茯苓多糖还有免疫调节、保肝降酶、间接抗病毒、诱生和促诱生干扰素、减轻放射副反应,诱生和促诱生白细胞调节素等多种生理活性。
山药为薯蓣科植物薯蓣Dioscorea opposite Thumb.的干燥根茎。
【性味与归经】甘,平。归肺、脾、肾经。
【功效】补脾养胃,生津益肺,补肾涩精。
【应用】山药味甘性平,作用缓和,不寒不热,既能补气,又能养阴,补而不滞,滋而不腻。乃平补肺脾肾之佳品。多用于消瘦乏力、食少、便溏者,如《本草纲目》云:“益肾气,健脾胃。”因其含有较多的营养成分,又容易消化吸收,可作为食品长期使用。《神农本草经》云其“补中,益气力,长肌肉”,故对于慢性病或病后虚弱,需营养调补而脾运不健者,则是佳品,如薏米山药粥。
现代医学研究证实:山药的主要成分为淀粉酶,能刺激胃肠道运动,促进肠内物排空,增加小肠吸收功能,有助于消化,降压,降糖,防治心血管疾病。山药的提纯淀粉能降低类脂浓度,同时降低主动脉和心脏的糖的浓度及胆固醇的浓度。山药富含多糖,可刺激和调节免疫系统,能增加血液白细胞含量,加强白细胞的吞噬作用,因此山药可作为人们增加免疫能力的保健药。山药中含有蛋白质(包括人体所需要的16种氨基酸)、糖类、维生素类等有效成分,具有较好的延缓衰老的作用,显著延长生命,经常食用山药,有益健康。
桑椹为桑科植物桑Morus alba L.的干燥果穗。
【性味与归经】甘、酸,寒。归肝、肾经。
【功效】滋阴补血,生津润燥。
【应用】适用于眩晕耳鸣、心悸失眠、须发早白、津伤口渴、内热消渴、血虚便秘、目暗,耳鸣、瘰疬、关节不利。
《滇南本草》:“益肾脏而固精,久服黑发明目。”
《随息隐居食谱》:“滋肝肾,充血液,祛风湿,健步履,息虚风,清虚火。”
《本草拾遗》:“利五脏关节,通血气。久服不饥,安魂镇神,令人聪明,变白不老。”
现代医学研究证实:桑椹含糖、鞣酸、苹果酸及维生素B1、B2,C和胡萝卜素。桑椹油的脂肪酸主要由亚油酸和硬脂酸、油酸等组成。有改善皮肤(包括头皮)血液供应,营养肌肤,使皮肤白嫩及乌发等作用,并能延缓衰老,是健体美颜、抗衰老的佳果与良药。常食桑椹可以明目,缓解眼睛疲劳干涩的症状。桑葚具有免疫促进作用,对脾脏有增重作用,对溶血性反应有增强作用,可防止人体动脉硬化、骨骼关节硬化,促进新陈代谢。它可以促进血红细胞的生长,防止白细胞减少,并对治疗糖尿病、贫血、高血压、高血脂、冠心病、神经衰弱等病症具有辅助功效。适量食用能促进胃液分泌,刺激肠蠕动及解除燥热。
莲子为睡莲科植物莲Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.的干燥成熟种子。
【性味与归经】甘、涩,平。归脾、肾、心经。
【功效】补脾止泻,止带,益肾涩精,养心安神。
【应用】用于脾虚泄泻,带下,遗精,心悸失眠。
《神农本草经》:“主补中、养神、益气力。”
《本草纲目》:“交心肾,厚肠胃,固精气,强筋骨,补虚损,利耳目,除寒湿,止脾泄久痢,赤白浊,女人带下崩中诸血病。”
《日华子本草》:“益气,止渴,助心,止痢。治腰痛,泄精。”
现代医学研究证实:莲子有镇静、强心、抗衰老等多种作用。莲子营养十分丰富,除含有大量淀粉外,还含有β-谷甾醇,生物碱及丰富的钙、磷、铁等矿物质和维生素。
龙眼肉为无患子科植物龙眼Dimocarpus longan Lour.的假种皮。
【性味与归经】甘,温。归心、脾经。
【功效】补益心脾,养血安神。
【应用】用于气血不足,心悸怔忡,健忘失眠,血虚萎黄。
《得配本草》:“益脾胃,葆心血,润五脏,治怔忡。”
《日用本草》:“益智宁心。”
现代医学研究证实:龙眼鲜食,味甜美爽口,且营养价值甚高,富含高碳水化合物、蛋白质、多种氨基酸和维生素B、C、钙、磷、铁、酒石酸、腺膘呤等,其中尤以维生素P量多,对中老年人而言,有保护血管、防止血管硬化和脆性的作用。对与衰老过程有密切关系的黄素蛋白-脑B型单胺氧化酶(MAO-B)有较强的抑制作用。因含铁及维生素B2很丰富,可以减轻子宫收缩及宫体下垂感。
百合为百合科植物卷丹Lilium lancifolium Thunb.、百合Lilium brownii F.E.Brown var.viridulum Baker或细叶百合Lilium pumilum DC.的干燥肉质鳞叶。
【性味与归经】甘,寒。归心、肺经。
【功效】养阴润肺,清心安神。
【应用】用于阴虚燥咳,劳嗽咳血,虚烦惊悸,失眠多梦,精神恍惚。
《日华子本草》:安心,定胆,益志,养五藏,治癫邪,啼泣,狂叫,惊悸,杀蛊毒气,胁痈乳痈发背及诸疮肿,并治产后血狂运。
《金匮要略》中记载的百合知母汤具有雌激素样活性作用,该方用于治疗围绝经期综合征。
现代医学研究证实:百合含秋水仙碱等多种生物碱及淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉、钙、磷、铁及维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C等。麝香百合的花药含有多种类胡萝卜素,其中大部分是顺花药黄质酯(Cis-Antheraxanthin esters),占91.7%~94%。研究表明:药百合、兰州百合、麝香百合的磷脂组成以双磷脂酰甘油和磷脂肪酸的含量为主。
玉竹为百合科植物玉竹Polygonatum odoratum(Mill.)Druce的干燥根茎。
【性味与归经】甘,微寒。归肺、胃经。
【功效】养阴润燥,生津止渴。
【应用】用于肺胃阴伤,燥热咳嗽,咽干口渴,内热消渴。
《本经》:“主中风暴热,不能动摇,跌筋结肉,诸不足。久服去面黑野,好颜色,润泽,轻身不老。”
《别录》:“主心腹结气,虚热,湿毒腰痛,茎中寒,及目痛眦烂,泪出。”
《药性论》:“主时疾寒热,内补不足,去虚劳客热,头痛不安,加而用之良。”
《本草拾遗》:“主聪明,调血气,令人强壮。”
《纲目》:“主风温自汗灼热,及劳疟寒热,脾胃虚乏,男子小便频数,失精,一切虚损。”
现代医学研究证实:玉竹根茎主要含铃兰苦甙(Convallamarin)、铃兰甙(Convallarin)、山柰酚甙、槲皮醇(Quercitol)甙、皂甙、白屈菜酸(Chelidonic acid)、黏液质、门冬酰胺(Asparagine)、葡萄糖、阿拉伯糖和甘露醇等成分。玉竹具有保护心脏、降血压、降血糖、降胆固醇作用。
酸枣仁为鼠李科植物酸枣Ziziphus jujube Mill.var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chou的干燥成熟种子。
【性味与归经】甘、酸,平。归肝、胆、心经。
【功效】养心补肝.宁心安神,敛汗,生津。
【应用】用于虚烦不眠,惊悸多梦,体虚多汗,津伤口渴。
《纲目》:酸枣仁,甘而润,故熟用疗胆虚不得眠,烦渴虚汗之证;生用疗胆热好眠。皆足厥阴、少阳药也,今人专以为心家药,殊昧此理。
《本经》:主心腹寒热,邪结气聚,四肢酸疼,湿痹。
《别录》:主烦心不得眼,脐上下痛,血转久泄,虚汗烦渴,补中,益肝气,坚筋骨,助阴气,令人肥健。
《本草汇言》:敛气安神,荣筋养髓,和胃运脾。
《本草再新》:平肝理气,润肺养阴,温中利湿,敛气止汗,益志,聪耳明目。
现代医学研究证实:酸枣仁含生物碱-酸枣仁碱(sanjoinine)、酸枣仁环肽(sanjoinenine)。三萜类、黄酮类、氨基酸和钾、钠、钙、锌、铁、铜、锰等多种金属元素。具有镇静、催眠、镇痛、抗惊厥、降温作用等作用。
三、功能学评价
【试验动物】
昆明种雄性小鼠120只,体重(20±2g)。
【试验方法】
1 动物分组及给药剂量
选40只小鼠,随机分为低、中、高三个剂量实验组和阴性对照组,每组10只。实验组分别灌胃给予发明产品(2.5g/kg、5g/kg、10g/kg),阴性对照组给予等量的蒸馏水,灌胃量为0.2mL/10g。
2 直接睡眠实验
取小鼠40只,小鼠分组及给药剂量同上述“动物分组及给药剂量”项。各组每日上午9:00-10:00灌胃给药1次,连续30d,末次给药后观察小鼠的睡眠情况。睡眠以翻正反射消失为判断指标,当小鼠置于背卧位时,能立即翻正身位,如超过60s不能翻正者,即认为翻正反射消失,进人睡眠,从翻正反射消失至翻正反射恢复的时间为小鼠睡眠时间,观察各组小鼠的睡眠发生率、入睡动物数及睡眠时间。如试验组入睡动物数及睡眠时间增加并与阴性对照组有显著性差异,即判定该项试验结果为阳性。
3 延长戊巴比妥钠睡眠时间实验
取小鼠40只,小鼠分组及给药剂量同上述“动物分组及给药剂量”项。在末次给药20min后,各组小鼠按50mg/kg BW剂量腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠,注射量为0.2mL/20g BW。以小鼠的翻正反射消失为睡眠判断指标,观察小鼠对戊巴比妥钠诱导小鼠睡眠时间延长的影响。如实验组小鼠的睡眠时间比阴性对照组延长并有统计学意义,即判定该项试验结果为阳性。
4 戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验
取小鼠40只,小鼠分组及给药剂量同上述“动物分组及给药剂量”项。在末次给药20min后,各组小鼠按30mg/kg BW剂量(最大阈下催眠剂量)腹腔注射巴比妥钠。观察30min内小鼠的睡眠情况,以翻正反射消失达60s以上为入睡判断标准,记录各组的入睡的小鼠个数,计算入睡小鼠发生率。如实验组入睡小鼠发生率高于阴性对照组并有统计学意义,即判定该项试验结果为阳性。
【试验结果】
1 直接睡眠实验
各剂量实验组小鼠在给予发明产品后,小鼠多表现为安静和活动减少,但没有翻正反射消失者,阴性对照组动物全部清醒,表明各剂量发明产品对小鼠都没有直接睡眠作用。见表1。
表1发明产品对各组小鼠直接睡眠作用的影响(n=10)
2 延长戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间实验
由表2可见,各剂量实验组小鼠的睡眠时间均比阴性对照组的时间长,且中、高剂量组与阴性对照组的差异均具有显著性(P<0.05)。表明发明产品能延长戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间。
注:与阴性对照组比较,*P<0.05。
3 戊巴比妥钠阈下剂量催眠实验
由表3可以看出各剂量组小鼠的入睡数与阴性对照组比较明显增多,且中、高剂量组与阴性对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)和极显著性差异(P<0.01)。
注:与阴性对照组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
【试验结论】
通过以上实验证实了发明产品有改善小鼠睡眠的保健功能。
具体实施方式
实施例1提取物及产品的制备
按最佳重量配比称取枸杞子1000份、黄精1000份、茯苓1000份、山药1500份、桑葚1000份、玉竹1000份、莲子1500份、龙眼肉1500份、百合1200份、酸枣仁1200份。加10倍量去离子水煮提2次,每次2小时,煮提液过滤、离心(3000转/分)30分钟,取上清液,浓缩至药液比1∶2(60℃),后加入天然吸附澄清剂(4%澄清剂A,8%澄清剂B),然后离心(3000转/分)30分钟,取上清液继续浓缩至相对密度≥1.27g·ml-1(60℃)后,带式干燥,粉碎成细粉,分装成10克左右的小包装。
实施例2产品治疗失眠
个案报道
胡××,女,35岁,办公室职员。自我感觉晚上睡眠不好,经常做梦,白天嗜睡,身体疲倦,精力差,记忆力减退,工作效率低。服用本发明产品每日2袋,连续4周后,嗜睡现象消失,精力和体力明显改善,情绪稳定,睡眠质量、工作效率明显提高。
Claims (4)
1.一种有助于改善睡眠的养生保健食品配方,其特征在于所用的原料及其重量份数:枸杞子600-1400份、黄精600-1500份、茯苓600-1500份、山药1000-2000份、桑葚800-1300份、玉竹500-1300份、莲子800-2000份、龙眼肉800-2000份、百合800-1400份、酸枣仁800-1700份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种有助于改善睡眠的养生保健食品配方,其特征在于所用的原料及其最佳重量份数:枸杞子1000份、黄精1000份、茯苓1000份、山药1500份、桑葚1000份、玉竹1000份、莲子1500份、龙眼肉1500份、百合1200份、酸枣仁1200份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种有助于改善睡眠的养生保健食品配方及其制备方法,其特征在于制备过程按以下步骤进行:
(1)将配方中各原料置于煮提锅中,浸润30分钟,然后加入10倍量的去离子水,室温浸泡2小时;然后加热至沸腾,煮沸提取2小时,倾出水提液,过滤;
(2)再次加入原料10倍量的去离子水,煮沸提取2小时,倾出水提液,过滤;
(3)合并步骤(1)、(2)所得滤液,冷却,离心,弃去沉淀,收集上清液;
(4)将步骤(3)所得的滤液浓缩,添加天然吸附澄清剂,弃去沉淀,收集上清液;
(5)将步骤(4)所得的上清液浓缩,干燥,粉碎,分装成10克的小包装。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种有助于改善睡眠的养生保健食品配方,其特征在于:本发明能改善睡眠质量,稳定情绪,减轻忧郁、压力、焦虑,增强免疫力、记忆力、逻辑思考力、理解能力,提高工作效率。
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