A kind of breeding method of pseudorasbora parva open-mouthed bait
Technical field
The breeding method that the present invention relates to a kind of pseudorasbora parva open-mouthed bait, belongs to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Pseudorasbora parva (Pseudorasbora parva), because of its delicious meat, is more and more subject to people and likes, climbing up and up in market price, reaches 28 yuan/kg.The adult fish of pseudorasbora parva that sell in market is mainly main by fishing for, artificial propagation is few, therefore the artificial breeding research of carrying out pseudorasbora parva is of great importance, and the key of pseudorasbora parva artificial breeding is exactly to solve its open-mouthed bait, whether open-mouthed bait is agreeable to the taste, whether comprehensively directly nutrition affect the pseudorasbora parva success or not of growing seedlings, yet the cultivation of pseudorasbora parva open-mouthed bait is a great problem of existing cultural technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to cultivate a difficult problem for solving pseudorasbora parva open-mouthed bait, a kind of breeding method of pseudorasbora parva open-mouthed bait is provided.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A breeding method for pseudorasbora parva open-mouthed bait, comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivating pond selects
Culture pond should select to be built near nursery, and traffic convenience, has abundant water resources, and depth of water building width, irrigation and drainage are conveniently, the pure and fresh place of water quality, pond shape rectangle, substrate should be non-leakage shale or argillo arenaceous for well, at the bottom of pond and pool wall non-leakage, and smooth at the bottom of pond, embankment is firm, area is 2000-3000m
2, tank depth is 1-1.2m;
(2) clear pond
Be divided into two kinds, the clear pond of solid carbon dioxide and the band clear pond of water, the clear pond of solid carbon dioxide drains Chi Shui, is exposed to the sun after 1 week, with disinfectant water, splashes, and the band clear pond of water adds disinfectant to kill harmful organisms by water body amount; Disinfectant consumption is 35-40g/m
3, within drug effect 3-5 days, disappear;
(3) water inlet
After clear pond drug effect disappears, for preventing that harmful animal from entering, need add Chi Shui with 200-250 object bolting silk net filtration, the initial stage depth of water, at 30-40cm, progressively increases subsequently;
(4) fertilising
Conventional fertile class is divided fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and amount of application is determined according to pond regimen condition, and duty is executed on a small quantity, and best method adopts fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer to mix and uses.Manure type is selected homemade fermentation fertilizer, and the consumption of fermentation fertilizer is 250-300g/m
3, during fertilising, first 1/2 fermentation fertilizer being evenly spread in pond, all the other 1/2 pile up pond surrounding, rely on rainwater that nutriment in a fertilizer is flowed in pond slowly, have executed after base manure, within every 2 weeks, use urea 20-25g/m
3, 3-5 days after fertilising, water colour is by clear thin out green or light brown, and a large amount of algae bios are bred growth;
(5) inoculating rotifer
When natural temperature reaches 10-15 ℃, inoculating rotifer in good time when Chi Shui is more fertile, selects fine day to carry out when afternoon, water temperature was the highest during inoculation, with 0.5-1/ml is comparatively suitable;
(6) cultivate management
A, supplementary fertilizer: along with water temperature rising algae reproduction is accelerated, nutrient salt in water consumption comparatively fast needs timely supplementary fertilizer, selects fine day to carry out afterwards before midday, consumption is depending on water quality situation, and a small amount of duty is executed;
B, wheel are caught: along with the amount reproduction of wheel animalcule in pond, need be caught and be controlled wheel animalcule density by wheel, make unicellular alga maintain suitable density, guarantee the enough nutrition of water body;
C, oxygenation: when wheel animalcule quantity is greater than 2 * 10
4individual/during L, need to drive aerator, mainly at dead of night with overcast and rainy unlatching, guarantee that pond water-soluble oxygen is greater than 3mg/L;
D, disease control: the disease of wheel animalcule mainly refers to harmful animal, must mainly take thoroughly to clean up the pond to put prevention first, the method for strict drainage;
(7) harvesting
The trawlnet of making of 200-250 object bolting silk, adopts and catches along pool side towing, also can utilize wheel animalcule phototaxis, utilizes strong light irradiation night, wheel animalcule, concentrates place to track down and recover with bucket.
The preparation method of described disinfectant is as follows: the raw material that takes following weight portion: root of Dahurain angelica 3-5, windproof 2-3, lemon peel 4-6, tuber of stemona 1.5-2.5, Celastrus angulatus 2-4, rhizoma atractylodis 1-3, pomegranate root 3-6, Poplar leaves 2-3, schizonepeta 4-7, artemisia annua 3-5, above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, pulverized 100-150 mesh sieve, then adding 5-10 times of water gaging big fire boils and turns medium and small fire and decoct 40-60min, filter, to the sepiolite powder that adds 4-8% in filtrate, the blanc fixe of 3-6% and the pyrophyllite powder of 2-4%, heating water bath is to 80-90 ℃, speed lapping 20-30min, be spray dried to powder, then in powder, add the bleaching powder of 10-15% and the potassium permanganate of 5-10% to mix.
The preparation method of described fermentation fertilizer is as follows: (1) takes the raw material of following weight portion: chicken manure 40-60, powdered rice hulls 15-25, peanut meal 10-15, sunflower disc 5-10, maize cob meal 8-12, broadbean leaf powder 3-6, brown coal powder 2-4, stevia rebaudian leaf slag 4-8, soy sauce residues 3-5, bamboo vinegar 2-3, blackstrap 3-6, zeolite powder 5-8, turfy soil 4-6, superphosphate 2.5-3.5, ammonium nitrate 2-3, spirulina powder 2-3, beet root powder 1-2; (2) chicken manure, peanut meal, sunflower disc, stevia rebaudian leaf slag and soy sauce residues are mixed, then by the 3-5% of compound weight, add 100-150 times of EM bacterium stoste dilution, stir, and then add powdered rice hulls, maize cob meal, broadbean leaf powder, brown coal powder, bamboo vinegar,, blackstrap, zeolite powder and turfy soil, mix to hold agglomerating, webs water breakthrough but drop of water not, loose one's grip and fall apart for well, mixed fermentation material is put into fermentation vat compost fermentation, temperature is controlled at 30-35 ℃, turning every day 2 times, after fermentation in 10-15 days completes; (3) fermentation material obtaining in step (2) adds superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, spirulina powder and beet root powder, stirs and is fermentation fertilizer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention utilizes biological organic fertilizer to cultivate wheel animalcule, large amount of organic in accelerated decomposition water, increase dissolved oxygen in water, reduce water pollution, the Fast Growth that promotes wheel animalcule, survival rate is high, and the wheel animalcule comprehensive nutrition of cultivating, good palatability, for the large scale cultivating of pseudorasbora parva open-mouthed bait provides a solution.
Embodiment
A breeding method for pseudorasbora parva open-mouthed bait, comprises the following steps:
(1) cultivating pond selects
Culture pond should select to be built near nursery, and traffic convenience, has abundant water resources, and depth of water building width, irrigation and drainage are conveniently, the pure and fresh place of water quality, pond shape rectangle, substrate should be non-leakage shale or argillo arenaceous for well, at the bottom of pond and pool wall non-leakage, and smooth at the bottom of pond, embankment is firm, area is 3000m
2, tank depth is 1.2m;
(2) clear pond
Be divided into two kinds, the clear pond of solid carbon dioxide and the band clear pond of water, the clear pond of solid carbon dioxide drains Chi Shui, is exposed to the sun after 1 week, with disinfectant water, splashes, and the band clear pond of water adds disinfectant to kill harmful organisms by water body amount; Disinfectant consumption is 35-40g/m
3, within drug effect 3-5 days, disappear;
(3) water inlet
After clear pond drug effect disappears, for preventing that harmful animal from entering, need add Chi Shui with 250 object bolting silk net filtrations, the initial stage depth of water, at 35cm, progressively increases subsequently;
(4) fertilising
Conventional fertile class is divided fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and amount of application is determined according to pond regimen condition, and duty is executed on a small quantity, and best method adopts fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer to mix and uses.Manure type is selected homemade fermentation fertilizer, and the consumption of fermentation fertilizer is 250g/m
3, during fertilising, first 1/2 fermentation fertilizer being evenly spread in pond, all the other 1/2 pile up pond surrounding, rely on rainwater that nutriment in a fertilizer is flowed in pond slowly, have executed after base manure, within every 2 weeks, use urea 20g/m
3, 3-5 days after fertilising, water colour is by clear thin out green or light brown, and a large amount of algae bios are bred growth;
(5) inoculating rotifer
When natural temperature reaches 10 ℃, inoculating rotifer in good time when Chi Shui is more fertile, selects fine day to carry out when afternoon, water temperature was the highest during inoculation, with 0.5-1/ml is comparatively suitable;
(6) cultivate management
A, supplementary fertilizer: along with water temperature rising algae reproduction is accelerated, nutrient salt in water consumption comparatively fast needs timely supplementary fertilizer, selects fine day to carry out afterwards before midday, consumption is depending on water quality situation, and a small amount of duty is executed;
B, wheel are caught: along with the amount reproduction of wheel animalcule in pond, need be caught and be controlled wheel animalcule density by wheel, make unicellular alga maintain suitable density, guarantee the enough nutrition of water body;
C, oxygenation: when wheel animalcule quantity is greater than 2 * 10
4individual/during L, need to drive aerator, mainly at dead of night with overcast and rainy unlatching, guarantee that pond water-soluble oxygen is greater than 3mg/L;
D, disease control: the disease of wheel animalcule mainly refers to harmful animal, must mainly take thoroughly to clean up the pond to put prevention first, the method for strict drainage;
(7) harvesting
The trawlnet of making of 220 object bolting silks, adopts and catches along pool side towing, also can utilize wheel animalcule phototaxis, utilizes strong light irradiation night, wheel animalcule, concentrates place to track down and recover with bucket.
The preparation method of described disinfectant is as follows: the raw material that takes following weight (kg): the root of Dahurain angelica 5, windproof 3, lemon peel 4, the tuber of stemona 2, Celastrus angulatus 3, rhizoma atractylodis 3, pomegranate root 4, Poplar leaves 2, schizonepeta 5, artemisia annua 4, above-mentioned raw materials is mixed, pulverized 150 mesh sieves, then adding 6 times of water gaging big fire boils and turns medium and small fire and decoct 45min, filter, to the sepiolite powder that adds 6% in filtrate, 5% blanc fixe and 2% pyrophyllite powder, heating water bath to 80 ℃, speed lapping 30min, be spray dried to powder, then to adding in powder 15% bleaching powder and 5% potassium permanganate to mix.
The preparation method of described fermentation fertilizer is as follows: (1) takes the raw material of following weight (kg): chicken manure 50, powdered rice hulls 20, peanut meal 15, sunflower disc 6, maize cob meal 10, broadbean leaf powder 4, brown coal powder 3, stevia rebaudian leaf slag 6, soy sauce residues 4, bamboo vinegar 2, blackstrap 4, zeolite powder 6, turfy soil 5, superphosphate 3, ammonium nitrate 2.5, spirulina powder 2, beet root powder 1.5; (2) chicken manure, peanut meal, sunflower disc, stevia rebaudian leaf slag and soy sauce residues are mixed, then by 4% of compound weight, add 100 times of EM bacterium stoste dilutions, stir, and then add powdered rice hulls, maize cob meal, broadbean leaf powder, brown coal powder, bamboo vinegar,, blackstrap, zeolite powder and turfy soil, mix to hold agglomerating, webs water breakthrough but drop of water not, loose one's grip and fall apart for well, mixed fermentation material is put into fermentation vat compost fermentation, temperature is controlled at 30-35 ℃, turning every day 2 times, after fermentation in 10-15 days completes; (3) fermentation material obtaining in step (2) adds superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, spirulina powder and beet root powder, stirs and is fermentation fertilizer.
The 6-7 month in 2011 is carried out the cultivation work of pseudorasbora parva open-mouthed bait in Langxi County plant, survival rate statistics is as shown in the table: