CN103621376A - Mountain land poplar mechanical perforating-cutting afforestation technology - Google Patents
Mountain land poplar mechanical perforating-cutting afforestation technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103621376A CN103621376A CN201310681081.1A CN201310681081A CN103621376A CN 103621376 A CN103621376 A CN 103621376A CN 201310681081 A CN201310681081 A CN 201310681081A CN 103621376 A CN103621376 A CN 103621376A
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a mountain land poplar mechanical perforating-cutting afforestation technology. The technology comprises the following steps: (1) preparing and grading afforestation cuttings; (2) perforating and ploughing with a gasoline perforating machine; (3) placing a base fertilizer deeply; (4) cutting and backfilling; (5) watering and covering a mulching film; (6) perforating the mulching film and earthing. According to the mountain land poplar mechanical perforating-cutting afforestation technology, the technical problem of poplar afforestation on mountain land (particular arid and semi-arid mountain land) is solved effectively, the afforestation survival rate, preserving rate, tree growing amount and working efficiency are increased greatly, and the afforestation cost and the negative influences of the conventional land preparation way on the environment are lowered greatly. In China, the mountain resources suitable for poplar afforestation are abundant, the mountain land poplar afforestation has a huge development space, and the popularization and application of the mountain land poplar mechanical perforating-cutting afforestation technology have important significance to the industrial poplar development and ecological environment construction in China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, is a kind of mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology specifically.
Background technology
1, existing Poplar Plantation technology
Existing Poplar Plantation technology has 3 kinds, and the one, the afforestation technology that plants seedlings before germinateing spring, the 2nd, tree planting technology after germinateing summer, the 3rd, cutting forset-plantation technology before germinateing spring.
(1) afforestation technology that plants seedlings before germinateing spring: 2～March of spring, before willow starts to germinate, adopt the bareroot seedling tree planting of digging pit.Be current the most general Poplar Plantation technology, be applicable to humid region or have the arid area of watering water condition.
(2) germinate summer after tree planting technology: 5～July of summer (rainy season), after willow germinates, adopt the bareroot seedling tree planting of digging pit.Current different seasons of rain heat, the main afforestation technology of the regional willow in continuously dry district of spring autumn and winter.
(3) normal cutting propagation afforestation technology before germination in spring: 2～March of spring, willow adopts conventional cutting to carry out cutting forset-plantation before starting to germinate.This technology should seldom, be only applicable to humid region on producing.
2, the shortcoming of existing Poplar Plantation technology
(1) afforestation technology that plants seedlings before germinateing spring: be only applicable to moistening or water water condition area, rain different season of heat and cannot using without the arid and semi-arid area of watering water condition, and cost of forestation is higher.
(2) tree planting technology after germination in summer: be applicable to rain different season of heat and regional without the arid and semi-arid that waters water condition, but survival rate is low, grows poor after Survival rate of nursery stock, cost of forestation is high.
(3) normal cutting propagation afforestation technology before germination in spring: be only applicable to moistening or water water condition area, rain different season of heat and nothing are watered the arid and semi-arid area of water condition and cannot be used, and survival rate is lower, grows poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of existing Poplar Plantation technology cannot meet the requirement of mountain region (especially arid and semi-arid mountain region) Poplar Plantation, emphasis of the present invention, for the arid and semi-arid Mountain area in different seasons of rain heat, provides a kind of mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology.This technology can significantly improve afforestation effect, significantly reduces cost of forestation.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology, comprises the steps:
(1) afforestation cutting preparation and classification: by the robust growth of cultivating in the special-purpose nursery of cutting forset-plantation, without the annotinous branch of obvious damage by disease and insect and mechanical wounding, with electric tools, being cut into length is the cutting of 20～35cm afforestation; And by the size of cutting top diameter, minute 1～2cm, 2～3cm, >3cm Three Estate bundling;
(2) the whole ground of gasoline puncher punching: with the whole ground of portable gasoline puncher, get the degree of depth 30～50cm, the hole of planting of diameter 10～15cm;
(3) deep placement base fertilizer: apply the farmyard manure becoming thoroughly decomposed or take nitrogen as main slow release composite fertilizer in the hole of planting, then backfill table soil is to the above 10cm of fertilizer place;
(4) cuttage and return soil: head-up little by cutting, greatly upside down, vertically put into the hole of planting, cutting upper end is lower than the bore edges 1～2cm that plants, and backfill table soil is to 2cm place overhead;
(5) water and overlay film: to the 1～2L that waters during each plants hole, this flushes with cutting to continue backfill table soil matrix, after steady and sure soil, covers 1m*1m black mulch film centered by cutting;
(6) mulch film opening and earthing: at film and cutting contact position, open the mouth of diameter 1～2cm, then with fine earth, opening part and cutting are covered to blinding degree of depth 1cm.
Further: in affiliated step (1), electric tool is electric saw or cutting machine.
Further: described step (1) Poplar Plantation cutting top diameter > 2cm.
Further: described step (3) farmyard manure or composite fertilizer's sowing amount are 0.5kg
Useful technique effect of the present invention is: mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology has greatly improved afforestation success rate; The introducing of puncher has improved afforestation effect and the operating efficiency in mountain region (especially arid and semi-arid mountain region) greatly, has significantly reduced cost of forestation, and very friendly to environment; Adopt 20-35cm set cutting forset-plantation, survival rate is high, and seedling growth is rapid, and cost is low; Adopt black film mulching, can effectively keep the soil moisture in rainy season, without water, greatly reduce costs during cutting forset-plantation dry season next year, solves without an afforestation difficult problem of watering water condition mountain region.China adapts to the mountain region aboundresources of Poplar Plantation, and mountain region Poplar Plantation has huge development space, mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology apply ，Dui China Poplar Industry Development and improvement of the ecological environment has great importance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 poplar-branch cutting schematic diagram;
The classification schematic diagram of Fig. 2 poplar-branch;
Fig. 3 puncher schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 hole schematic diagram of planting;
Fig. 5 overlay film schematic diagram;
Native coverlay schematic diagram for Fig. 6;
Fig. 7 Zhaojue planting site design sketch;
Fig. 8 Ningnan planting site design sketch.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
1, overview experimental field
Suburb, autonomous prefecture of Liangshan State of Sichuan Province Yi nationality, distributed over Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou Zhaojue County, geographical coordinate E102 ° 49 ' 24 "; N23 ° 59 ' 51 ", height above sea level 2700m subtropics monsoon climate, 10.9 ℃ of mean temperature of air, rainfall 1020mm, annual 1860h at sunshine, soil is mountain yellow soil, thickness of soil >50cm.
2, a mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology, comprises the steps:
(1) afforestation cutting preparation and classification: by the robust growth of cultivating in the special-purpose nursery of cutting forset-plantation, without the annotinous branch of obvious damage by disease and insect and mechanical wounding, with electric slicer, being cut into length is the cutting of 35cm afforestation; And by the size of cutting top diameter, minute 1～2cm, 2～3cm, >3cm Three Estate bundling.It is smooth that cutting otch requires, and will seek quickness, surely, together during cutting; That each afforestation cutting requires is disease-free, not damaged, top diameter be greater than 1cm(concrete operations and see Fig. 1,2);
(2) the whole ground of gasoline puncher punching: adopt Special-purpose puncher to get planting hole; Puncher connects a spiral by a petrol engine and forms (as Fig. 3), utilize the rotation maximum of spiral can get high 50cm, the cylinder hole (as Fig. 4) of diameter 15cm, average 20 seconds holes of planting, it is 45 times that hoe digs cave efficiency (every 15 minutes one), greatly improve the speed of afforestation and soil preparation, reduced whole ground cost;
(3) deep placement base fertilizer: apply the farmyard manure 500g becoming thoroughly decomposed in the hole of planting, farmyard manure requires fully to become thoroughly decomposed, and is tiny graininess, can not be with hardening and block farmyard manure, because tiny granule farmyard manure can promote the absorption of fertilizer efficiency, can effectively prevent again farmyard manure intensification burning root.Backfill table soil is to the above 10cm of fertilizer place;
(4) cuttage and return soil: head-up little by cutting, greatly upside down, vertically put into the hole of planting, cutting upper end is lower than the bore edges 1～2cm that plants, and backfill table soil is to 2cm place overhead;
(5) water and overlay film: to the 2L that waters during each plants hole, this flushes with cutting to continue backfill table soil matrix, after steady and sure soil, covers 1m*1m black mulch film centered by cutting.Care should be used to during epiphragma, can't be film is staved, and earthing can not be too thick, and too the herbicidal effect of thick film is poor; Plant that hole wants lower slightly and surrounding outline is high, so that runoff water flows into the hole (seeing Fig. 5,6) of planting while raining;
(6) mulch film opening and earthing: at film and cutting contact position, open the mouth of diameter 1～2cm, then with fine earth, opening part and cutting are covered to blinding degree of depth 1cm.
3, result of the test
Zhaojue County planting site was afforested in mid-March, 2013, and each afforestation step is carried out according to mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology, and October 15 in 2013 measures, survival rate is 90%, and a year high amount of growth is 2.5m, height growth 2.0cm, growth of poplar is good, damage by disease and insect is less, and comparative trial is set simultaneously, does not take present technique, survival rate only 50%, plant height 1m, leading thread 0.8cm, is specifically shown in Fig. 7.
Embodiment two
1, overview experimental field
Five groups, ruddiness village, newly-built township, autonomous prefecture of Liangshan of Sichuan Province Yi nationality, distributed over Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou Ningnan County, geographical coordinate N27 ° 13 ', E102 ° 34 ', subtropics monsoon climate, 19.3 ℃ of mean temperature of air, year sunshine duration 2257.7h, annual precipitation 960mm.Planting site mean sea level 1800m, soil is mountain yellow soil, thickness of soil >50cm.
2, a mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology, comprises the steps:
(1) afforestation cutting preparation and classification: by the robust growth of cultivating in the special-purpose nursery of cutting forset-plantation, without the annotinous branch of obvious damage by disease and insect and mechanical wounding, with electric slicer, being cut into length is the cutting of 35cm afforestation; And by the size of cutting top diameter, minute 1～2cm, 2～3cm, >3cm Three Estate bundling.It is smooth that cutting otch requires, and will seek quickness, surely, together during cutting; That each afforestation cutting requires is disease-free, not damaged, top diameter be greater than 1cm(concrete operations and see Fig. 1,2);
(2) the whole ground of gasoline puncher punching: adopt Special-purpose puncher to get planting hole; Puncher connects a spiral by a petrol engine and forms (as Fig. 3), utilize the rotation maximum of spiral can get high 50cm, the cylinder hole (as Fig. 4) of diameter 15cm, average 20 seconds holes of planting, it is 45 times that hoe digs cave efficiency (every 15 minutes one), greatly improve the speed of afforestation and soil preparation, reduced whole ground cost;
(3) deep placement base fertilizer: apply the farmyard manure 500g becoming thoroughly decomposed in the hole of planting, farmyard manure requires fully to become thoroughly decomposed, and is tiny graininess, can not be with hardening and block farmyard manure, because tiny granule farmyard manure can promote the absorption of fertilizer efficiency, can effectively prevent again farmyard manure intensification burning root.Backfill table soil is to the above 10cm of fertilizer place;
(4) cuttage and return soil: head-up little by cutting, greatly upside down, vertically put into the hole of planting, cutting upper end is lower than the bore edges 1～2cm that plants, and backfill table soil is to 2cm place overhead;
(5) water and overlay film: to the 2L that waters during each plants hole, this flushes with cutting to continue backfill table soil matrix, after steady and sure soil, covers 1m*1m black mulch film centered by cutting.Care should be used to during epiphragma, can't be film is staved, and earthing can not be too thick, and too the herbicidal effect of thick film is poor; The soil of direction of fall in hole of planting is slightly high, forms easy fish scale pit, and when rainy, runoff water flows into the hole (seeing Fig. 5,6) of planting like this;
(6) mulch film opening and earthing: at film and cutting contact position, open the mouth of diameter 1～2cm, then with fine earth, opening part and cutting are covered to blinding degree of depth 1cm.
3, result of the test
Ningnan County planting site was afforested in mid-February, 2013, each afforestation step is carried out according to mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology, at the beginning of 2013 10 months, measure, survival rate 85%, year increment is 2m, height growth is 1.8cm, growth of poplar is good, and branches and leaves are thicker, almost disease-free, a small amount of insect pest, is specifically shown in Fig. 8.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) afforestation cutting preparation and classification: by the robust growth of cultivating in the special-purpose nursery of cutting forset-plantation, without the annotinous branch of obvious damage by disease and insect and mechanical wounding, with electric tools, being cut into length is the cutting of 20～35cm afforestation; And by the size of cutting top diameter, minute 1～2cm, 2～3cm, >3cm Three Estate bundling;
(2) the whole ground of gasoline puncher punching: with the whole ground of portable gasoline puncher, get the degree of depth 30～50cm, the hole of planting of diameter 10～15cm;
(3) deep placement base fertilizer: apply the farmyard manure becoming thoroughly decomposed or take nitrogen as main slow release composite fertilizer in the hole of planting, then backfill table soil is to the above 10cm of fertilizer place;
(4) cuttage and return soil: head-up little by cutting, greatly upside down, vertically put into the hole of planting, cutting upper end is lower than the bore edges 1～2cm that plants, and backfill table soil is to 2cm place overhead;
(5) water and overlay film: to the 1～2L that waters during each plants hole, this flushes with cutting to continue backfill table soil matrix, after steady and sure soil, covers 1m*1m black mulch film centered by cutting;
(6) mulch film opening and earthing: at film and cutting contact position, open the mouth of diameter 1～2cm, then with fine earth, opening part and cutting are covered to blinding degree of depth 1cm.
2. a kind of mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in affiliated step (1), electric tool is electric saw or cutting machine.
3. a kind of mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (1) Poplar Plantation cutting top diameter > 2cm.
4. a kind of mountain region willow mechanical punching cutting forset-plantation technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (3) farmyard manure or composite fertilizer's sowing amount are 0.5kg.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN103947323A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-07-30 | 梁文荣 | Simple soil preparation method for air seeding afforestation |
| CN107494145A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2017-12-22 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of drill fills the roadside greening tree planting method of husky truncheon with water |
| CN107593221A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-19 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Eyot poplar grown in beaches mechanization drilling truncheon method of forestation |
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| CN107593221A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-19 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Eyot poplar grown in beaches mechanization drilling truncheon method of forestation |
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