CN214676774U - Nursery stock is planted tree cave and is protected water seepage prevention structure - Google Patents
Nursery stock is planted tree cave and is protected water seepage prevention structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN214676774U CN214676774U CN202022801557.9U CN202022801557U CN214676774U CN 214676774 U CN214676774 U CN 214676774U CN 202022801557 U CN202022801557 U CN 202022801557U CN 214676774 U CN214676774 U CN 214676774U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a tree pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for nursery stock planting, which comprises a tree pit, wherein a degradable film is paved on the lower half part of the tree pit, first planting soil is backfilled on the inner side of the degradable film, and a first water-retaining agent is uniformly spread in the first planting soil; planting the lower part of the nursery stock into the first planting soil for 15-20 cm, backfilling second planting soil above the first planting soil, and uniformly spreading a second water-retaining agent between the second planting soil and the soil ball of the nursery stock; the backfill height of the second planting soil is not higher than the ground and forms a fluctuation structure with the upper part of the soil ball; a water enclosing weir is arranged around the second planting soil, and a water layer is pre-applied in the water enclosing weir; the tree pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure can play the effects of water retention at the bottom of a newly planted seedling and seepage proofing at the periphery, greatly reduces the maintenance and water application frequency, reasonably utilizes the limited water resource and radically improves the survival rate of the seedling in one-time planting.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to afforestation technical field, concretely relates to sapling plants pit and protects water prevention of seepage structure.
Background
In the labor work of vegetable planting in vast rural areas in the north, the plastic film is covered after seeds are sowed to deal with the early spring temperature difference and water evaporation to improve the condition of standing on the ground, so that the normal growth of plants is ensured.
For example, in 2013, the invention patent application (CN102893796A) in china discloses a water irrigation and tree protection method for a surface type drought-resistant tree-planting black film funnel, which comprises the steps of firstly arranging the ground around a survived tree root into a funnel-shaped slope with the tree as the center, building a ridge on the outer edge of the slope, cutting a hole in the center of a black opaque high-strength aging-resistant plastic film with the same area, cutting an open crack from the edge of the film to the center, sheathing the tree seedling with the film, paving the film on the slope, wrapping the ridge, burying and compacting. Sand is used for burying and pressing at the lower opening; the black film funnel with the saplings as the centers is formed, rainwater can be collected, moisture seepage is reduced, but the plastic film cannot be degraded, and the ecological environment is damaged after long-term use.
In the planting process of sandy soil in the north, other garden construction enterprises replace the plastic film with an environment-friendly degradable film by moving the traditional method, and the survival effect of the nursery stock is not ideal.
According to field observation and analysis, the farmland topography is flat and the farmland is repeatedly cultivated all year round, a certain amount of organic matters are supplemented for cultivating the land every year, the surface layer is mature soil with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents higher than those of barren land, and the soil has a certain water retention capacity, so that the water required by growth can be maintained only by covering a film to reduce the evaporation amount; the linear greening construction parts are basically divided zones, filling side slopes and excavation breaking platforms, and the backfilled loose sandy soil does not have the topography, soil structure and small environment of a farmland at all, so that the basic requirements of planting and surviving of the greening seedlings at one time cannot be met after the linear greening construction parts are copied.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a nursery stock plants pit and protects water prevention of seepage structure to the problem that prior art exists.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for a tree pit for planting nursery stocks comprises the tree pit, wherein nursery stocks are planted in the tree pit, a degradable film is paved on the lower half part of the tree pit, first planting soil is back filled in the inner side of the degradable film, and first water-retaining agents are uniformly spread in the first planting soil; planting the lower part of the nursery stock into the first planting soil for 15-20 cm, backfilling second planting soil above the first planting soil, and uniformly spreading a second water-retaining agent between the second planting soil and the soil ball of the nursery stock; the backfill height of the second planting soil is not higher than the ground and forms a fluctuation structure with the upper part of the soil ball; and a water enclosing weir is arranged around the second planting soil, and a water layer is pre-applied in the water enclosing weir.
The tree pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure adopts greening planting construction aiming at adverse factors of various field conditions in the north, after the excavation of the tree pit is completed, the degradable film is firstly laid down, and a certain amount of polymer water-retaining agent is applied while the soil for planting the nursery stock is covered, so that the effects of water retention at the bottom and seepage proofing at the periphery of the newly planted nursery stock are achieved, the water-retaining and applying frequency of maintenance is greatly reduced, the limited water resource is reasonably utilized, and the one-time planting survival rate of the nursery stock is fundamentally improved.
By adopting the tree pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure, although the material cost and a small amount of labor cost of the degradable ecological film and the water-retaining agent are increased, the water-retaining capacity of the tree pit can be effectively improved, the watering frequency is reduced, the survival rate of nursery stocks is improved, and the purposes of protecting the environment, saving water and reducing the construction cost are achieved in comprehensive view; the method solves the economic loss risk caused by the defects of water source scarcity, incapability of maintaining operation in holidays, incapability of ensuring watering frequency in a construction period, uncontrollable watering quality and the like in the highway greening engineering, and greatly reduces the traffic safety risk brought by the maintenance operation.
The first water-retaining agent is uniformly mixed in the first planting soil and backfilled to the area covered by the degradable film, so that the water at the bottom can be effectively ensured, and the migration and the exosmosis of the water can be reduced; and a second water-retaining agent is spread between the second planting soil and the soil ball, so that sufficient water near the soil ball can be ensured, the root system of the seedling can absorb water quickly after transplanting, and the one-time planting survival rate is ensured.
The second plant soil with the upper portion of soil ball forms undulation structure, can let the top water of watering concentrated and infiltration downwards to the region of planting soil, and quilt the second water retaining agent with first water retaining agent absorbs the storage, for the root system provides continuous moisture, avoids the water of watering for the first time to concentrate in soil ball and trunk.
Further, the vertical distance between the bottom of the soil ball and the degradable films is 10-20 cm. That is to say excavate during the tree cave, the degree of depth of tree cave under than the general condition is 10 ~ 20cm deep, is convenient for foreshadowing on the one hand degradable film, on the other hand are favorable to forming the water-retaining space of bottom, because the root system can grow, ensure that the root system of new growth also can be in the planting soil that has the water-retaining agent.
Further, the degradable film is in a shape of a bottom plate, and the periphery of the degradable film extends upwards to the second planting soil; the degradation speed of the degradable film is 30-45 days.
Furthermore, a step structure is arranged on the periphery of the intersection of the first planting soil and the second planting soil, and the outer edge of the degradable film is arranged on the step structure and pressed by the second planting soil.
The step structure is convenient for the degradable film is fixed and completely unfolded, and the degradable film is prevented from generating large displacement when backfilling planting soil.
Furthermore, the amount of the first water retaining agent and the second water retaining agent is 22-28 g; the water absorption and retention rate of the first water retaining agent and the second water retaining agent is not less than 150 times.
Furthermore, a plurality of obliquely arranged water injection pipelines are inserted into the second planting soil and are exposed out of the ground, and external water pipes are detachably connected with the water injection pipelines. And water is conveniently injected into the second planting soil, the watering effect is ensured, and the water is prevented from being applied above the ground at the later stage, so that the water is quickly evaporated and lost.
Furthermore, the top height of the soil ball is higher than the backfill height of the second planting soil at the periphery and lower than the ridge height of the water enclosing weir.
Further, the degradable film is one of a photodegradable film, a photo-biodegradable film, a photo-oxidative biodegradable film, a high starch content type biodegradable film, a high calcium carbonate filled type photo-oxidative degradable film and a full biodegradable film.
Further, the first planting soil and the second planting soil are of the same soil type. That is to say, the water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure of the tree pit is adopted, the planting soil is not required to be specially prepared, the soil which is the same as the surrounding environment can be directly used for planting, and the planting cost is reduced.
Further, the lower half part of the tree pit is hemispherical, and the upper half part of the tree pit is in a truncated cone shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; a plurality of air holes are punched in the bottom of the degradable film, so that the waterproof performance is ensured, the air-permeable effect below the soil can be considered, and the growth of seedlings is facilitated.
A construction process of the seedling planting pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure comprises the following steps: digging the tree pit (deepening 10-20cm compared with the normal tree pit) → paving the degradable film (in a disc bottom shape) → backfilling the first planting soil and simultaneously uniformly spreading a water retaining agent 25g → planting the nursery stock → backfilling the second planting soil for cultivation, uniformly spreading the water retaining agent 25g (1:150) → arranging the water enclosing weir → applying the watering root fixing water for maintenance around the nursery stock soil ball.
The process adopts the degradable (ecological) film, the service life is just maintained in the period of ensuring the survival of the nursery stock, the film is naturally degraded after the survival of the nursery stock, the free growth of the root system is accelerated, and the process meets the current national requirements of protecting ecology and avoiding white pollution. The shortage of water resources is always a historical problem in northern areas, and the shortage is not only a maximum use of precious water resources, but also a large amount of water resources are saved, the investment of various resources in the construction process is reduced, and the requirements of sustainable development of natural resources and establishment of a new era conservation-oriented society are responded.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: 1. the tree pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure adopts greening planting construction aiming at adverse factors of various field conditions in the north, after the tree pit is dug, the degradable film is firstly laid down, and a certain amount of polymer water-retaining agent is applied while soil covering is carried out on planted nursery stocks, so that the effects of water retention at the bottom and seepage proofing at the periphery of the newly planted nursery stocks are achieved, the water-retaining and applying frequency of maintenance is greatly reduced, limited water resources are reasonably utilized, and the survival rate of the nursery stocks planted at one time is fundamentally improved; 2. by adopting the tree pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure, although the material cost and a small amount of labor cost of the degradable ecological film and the water-retaining agent are increased, the water-retaining capacity of the tree pit can be effectively improved, the watering frequency is reduced, the survival rate of nursery stocks is improved, and the purposes of protecting the environment, saving water and reducing the construction cost are achieved in comprehensive view; 3. the first water-retaining agent is uniformly mixed in the first planting soil and backfilled to the area covered by the degradable film, so that the water at the bottom can be effectively ensured, and the migration and the exosmosis of the water can be reduced; a second water-retaining agent is spread between the second planting soil and the soil ball, so that sufficient water near the soil ball can be ensured, the seedlings can absorb water quickly after being transplanted, and the survival rate of the seedlings in one-time planting is ensured; 4. the degree of depth of tree cave is than the tree cave under the general condition dark 10 ~ 20cm, is convenient for foreshadowing on the one hand degradable film, on the other hand are favorable to forming the water-retaining space of bottom, ensure that the root system of new growth also can be in the planting soil that has the water-retaining agent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure of a tree pit for planting nursery stocks;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a tree pit structure of a tree pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for planting saplings;
in the figure: 1. a tree pit; 2. nursery stock; 3. a degradable film; 4. first planting soil; 5. a first water retaining agent; 6. second planting soil; 7. a second water-retaining agent; 8. soil balls; 9. a water enclosing weir; 10. a water layer; 11. a water injection pipeline; 12. a ladder structure.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments, not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a tree pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for planting nursery stocks comprises a tree pit 1, wherein nursery stocks 2 are planted in the tree pit 1, a degradable film 3 is paved on the lower half part of the tree pit 1, first planting soil 4 is backfilled on the inner side of the degradable film 3, and first water-retaining agents 5 are uniformly spread in the first planting soil 4; the lower part of the nursery stock 2 is planted into the first planting soil 4 by 15cm, second planting soil 6 is back filled above the first planting soil 4, and a second water-retaining agent 7 is uniformly spread between the second planting soil 6 and a soil ball 8 of the nursery stock 2; the backfill height of the second planting soil 6 is not higher than the ground and forms a fluctuation structure with the upper part of the soil ball 8; and a water enclosing weir 9 is arranged around the second planting soil 6, and a water layer 10 is pre-applied in the water enclosing weir 9.
The plant pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure adopts greening planting construction aiming at adverse factors of various field conditions in the north, after the excavation of the plant pit 1 is completed, the degradable film 3 is firstly laid down, and a certain amount of polymer water-retaining agent is applied while the soil for planting the nursery stock is covered, so that the effects of water retention at the bottom and seepage prevention at the periphery of the newly planted nursery stock are achieved, the frequency of water application for maintenance is greatly reduced, the limited water resource is reasonably utilized, and the one-time planting survival rate of the nursery stock is fundamentally improved.
By adopting the water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for the tree pit, although the material cost and a small amount of labor cost of the degradable film 3 and the water-retaining agent are increased, the water-retaining capacity of the tree pit can be effectively improved, the watering frequency is reduced, the survival rate of nursery stocks is improved, and the purposes of protecting the environment, saving water and reducing the construction cost are achieved comprehensively; the method solves the economic loss risk caused by the defects of water source scarcity, incapability of maintaining operation in holidays, incapability of ensuring watering frequency in a construction period, uncontrollable watering quality and the like in the highway greening engineering, and greatly reduces the traffic safety risk brought by the maintenance operation.
The first water-retaining agent 5 is uniformly mixed in the first planting soil 4 and backfilled to the area covered by the degradable film 3, so that the water at the bottom can be effectively ensured, and the migration and the exosmosis of the water can be reduced; second water-retaining agent 7 is spread between second planting soil 6 and soil ball 8, so that sufficient water near soil ball 8 can be ensured, the root system of seedling 2 can absorb water quickly after transplanting, and the survival rate of planting at one time is ensured.
The second planting soil 6 with the upper portion of soil ball 8 forms the undulation structure, can let the top water of watering concentrated and infiltration downwards to the region of planting soil, and quilt second water retaining agent 7 with first water retaining agent 5 absorbs the storage, for the root system provides continuous moisture, avoids the water of watering for the first time to concentrate in soil ball 8 and trunk.
Further, the vertical distance between the bottom of the soil ball 8 and the degradable film 3 is 15 cm. That is to say excavate during the tree cave 1, the degree of depth of tree cave 1 is more than the tree cave depth 15cm under the prevailing condition, is convenient for foreshadowing on the one hand degradable film 3, and on the other hand is favorable to forming the water conservation space of bottom, because the root system can grow, ensures that the root system of new growth also can be in the planting soil that has the water retaining agent.
Further, the degradable film 3 is in a shape of a bottom plate, and the periphery of the degradable film extends upwards to the second planting soil 6; the degradable film 3 has a degradation rate of 40 days.
Further, a step structure 12 is arranged on the periphery of the intersection of the first planting soil 4 and the second planting soil 6, and the outer edge of the degradable film 3 is arranged on the step structure 12 and pressed by the second planting soil 6.
The step structure is arranged to facilitate the fixation and the complete expansion of the degradable film 3, so that the degradable film 3 is prevented from generating large displacement when backfilling planting soil.
Further, the first water retaining agent 5 and the second water retaining agent 7 are applied in an amount of 25 g; the water absorption and retention rate of the first water retaining agent 5 and the second water retaining agent 7 is not less than 150 times.
Furthermore, a water injection pipeline 11 which is obliquely arranged is inserted into the second planting soil 6, and the water injection pipeline 11 is exposed out of the ground and is detachably connected with an external water pipe. And water is conveniently injected into the second planting soil 6, the watering effect is ensured, and the water is prevented from being applied above the ground at the later stage, so that the water is quickly evaporated and lost.
Further, the top height of the soil ball 8 is higher than the backfill height of the surrounding second planting soil 6 and lower than the ridge height of the water enclosing weir 9.
Further, the degradable film 3 is a photo-oxidation biodegradable film.
Further, the first planting soil 4 and the second planting soil 6 are the same type of soil in the surrounding environment. That is to say, the water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure of the tree pit is adopted, the planting soil is not required to be specially prepared, the soil which is the same as the surrounding environment can be directly used for planting, and the planting cost is reduced.
Further, the lower half part of the tree pit 1 is hemispherical, and the upper half part of the tree pit 1 is a truncated cone shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; a plurality of tiny air holes are punched in the bottom of the degradable film 3, so that the waterproof performance is ensured, the ventilation effect below the soil can be considered, and the growth of seedlings is facilitated.
Example two:
the embodiment provides a construction process (technology) of a water-retaining and seepage-preventing structure for a tree pit for seedling planting in the first embodiment, which specifically comprises the following steps: digging the tree pit 1 (deepening 10-20cm compared with the normal tree pit) → paving the degradable film 3 (in a disc bottom shape) → backfilling the first planting soil 4 and simultaneously uniformly spreading a first water retaining agent 5(25g, 1:150) → planting the nursery stock 2 → backfilling the second planting soil 6 for cultivation, uniformly spreading a second water retaining agent 7 (25g, 1:150) → arranging the water retaining dam 9 → applying root fixing water for maintenance around the soil ball 8 of the nursery stock.
The process adopts the degradable (ecological) film, the service life is just maintained in the period of ensuring the survival of the nursery stock, the film is naturally degraded after the survival of the nursery stock, the free growth of the root system is accelerated, and the process meets the current national requirements of protecting ecology and avoiding white pollution. The shortage of water resources is always a historical problem in northern areas, and the shortage is not only a maximum use of precious water resources, but also a large amount of water resources are saved, the investment of various resources in the construction process is reduced, and the requirements of sustainable development of natural resources and establishment of a new era conservation-oriented society are responded.
Through the on-site test data of a company, the cost of using the degradable film in a single tree pit is increased by about 0.123 yuan, the cost of applying the water retention agent is increased by about 0.375 yuan, the labor cost is increased by about 0.5 yuan, and the increased cost is increased by about 1 yuan; the water cost for single watering of a single plant pit is about 0.3 yuan, the labor cost is 0.25 yuan, the watering can be reduced by 5 times after the degradable mulching film and the water-retaining agent are added, and the cost of a single plant is saved by 2.75 yuan; the cost of a single tree can be saved by 1.75 yuan comprehensively, and compared with the traditional method, the total cost of 1235550 yuan can be saved by planting more than 70 tens of thousands of seedlings according to the project, and meanwhile, the survival rate of the seedlings can be improved, water resources can be greatly saved, the transportation cost of watering and maintenance can be saved, the survival risk of the seedlings in rush hours and holidays can be avoided, and the occurrence risk of traffic accidents during maintenance in the traffic period can be reduced.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for a tree pit for planting nursery stocks comprises the tree pit, wherein nursery stocks are planted in the tree pit, and the water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure is characterized in that a degradable film is paved on the lower half part of the tree pit, first planting soil is back filled in the inner side of the degradable film, and first water-retaining agents are uniformly spread in the first planting soil; planting the lower part of the nursery stock into the first planting soil for 15-20 cm, backfilling second planting soil above the first planting soil, and uniformly spreading a second water-retaining agent between the second planting soil and the soil ball of the nursery stock; the backfill height of the second planting soil is not higher than the ground and forms a fluctuation structure with the upper part of the soil ball; and a water enclosing weir is arranged around the second planting soil, and a water layer is pre-applied in the water enclosing weir.
2. The nursery stock planting pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure of claim 1, wherein the vertical distance between the bottom of the soil ball and the degradable film is 10-20 cm.
3. The nursery stock planting pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure according to claim 1, wherein the degradable film is in the shape of a bottom plate, and the periphery of the degradable film extends upwards to the second planting soil; the degradation speed of the degradable film is 30-45 days.
4. The water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for the nursery stock planting pit according to claim 1, wherein a step structure is arranged on the periphery of the junction of the first planting soil and the second planting soil, and the outer edge of the degradable film is arranged on the step structure and pressed by the second planting soil.
5. The nursery stock planting tree pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure according to claim 1, wherein the first water-retaining agent and the second water-retaining agent are applied in an amount of 22-28 g; the water absorption and retention rate of the first water retaining agent and the second water retaining agent is not less than 150 times.
6. The seedling planting pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure of claim 1, wherein a plurality of obliquely arranged water injection pipelines are further inserted into the second planting soil, and the water injection pipelines are exposed out of the ground and detachably connected with external water pipes.
7. The nursery stock planting pit water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure according to claim 1, wherein the top height of the soil ball is higher than the backfill height of the surrounding second planting soil and lower than the ridge height of the weir.
8. The water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for the nursery stock planting pit according to claim 1, wherein the degradable film is one of a photodegradable film, a photo-biodegradable film, a photo-oxidative biodegradable film, a high starch content type biodegradable film, a high calcium carbonate filled type photo-oxidative degradable film and a full biodegradable film.
9. The water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for the nursery stock planting pit according to claim 1, wherein the first planting soil and the second planting soil are the same soil type.
10. The water-retaining and seepage-proofing structure for the nursery stock planting pit according to claim 1, wherein the lower half part of the pit is hemispherical, and the upper half part of the pit is in a truncated cone shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; and a plurality of air holes are punched at the bottom of the degradable film.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114190220A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-18 | 湖南天沃科技有限公司 | High-quality camellia oleifera cultivation method |
| CN114223454A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-25 | 蒙阴县林业局 | Seedling planting device and method for barren mountain area |
-
2020
- 2020-11-27 CN CN202022801557.9U patent/CN214676774U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114190220A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-03-18 | 湖南天沃科技有限公司 | High-quality camellia oleifera cultivation method |
| CN114223454A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-25 | 蒙阴县林业局 | Seedling planting device and method for barren mountain area |
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