CN103609780B - 一种蛇胆养生茶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及保健食品技术领域，是一种蛇胆养生茶及其制备方法，本发明养生茶由下述重量份原料制成：茶叶80～120，菊花2～10，枸杞0.5～5，甘草2～10，蒲公英5～15，薄荷0.5～5，干姜0.5～5，干蛇胆0.5～5；制备时，首先将菊花、枸杞、甘草、蒲公英、薄荷煎煮，制得中药汁，将干姜和蛇胆汁用酒精浸泡，制得蛇胆汁，然后分别将中药汁、蛇胆汁与茶叶混匀，干燥，检验，分装，即得；本发明蛇胆养生茶精心挑选中药与之配伍，将蛇胆入茶的功效发挥至最大，并利用现代科学方法加工，使制成的茶叶保留了其原生态形状，冲泡后茶的汤色泽清碧浓鲜，香味醇厚，饮后回味悠长，长期饮用有利于眼部保健，并能提神益智、化痰止咳、健脾消食、消除疲劳，是味道甘甜的天然保健珍品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品技术领域，尤其是一种蛇胆养生茶及其制备方法。
背景技术
蛇胆是祖国医学中传统而名贵的天然药材，具有极好的药用食疗价值，从古至今一直被奉为名贵中药，在民间倍受推崇。蛇胆性凉，味苦微甘，有行气祛痰，祛风去湿，治疗咳嗽多痰、目赤肿痛、皮肤热毒、口眼生疮、肺热咳嗽、胃热疼痛、肝热目赤、急性风湿性关节炎和痔疮的功效；可调补人的神经系统，对神经衰弱、高热神昏和小儿惊风等症都有良好的治疗效果，还可以调解人体的内分泌系统和免疫系统，延缓机体衰老。近代医学研究表明，蛇胆的胆汁中除胆汁酸、甘氨胆酸和牛黄胆酸外，亦含有其他多种对疾病有治疗作用的微量元素如铜、铁、钙、镁、维生素C、E和活性酶成分，它们在维护人体内激素和延缓肌体衰老等生命活动中，起着重要作用，经常服用蛇胆，可通过调整人体内环境，改善肌体循环，增强免疫力，达到外病内治的目的效果。
用蛇胆制茶，民间自古即有，传统的蛇胆茶配方是以茶叶配以金银花或菊花、绞股蓝简单组方制成，具有清热、解毒、消暑、消食、醒酒、减肥、明目、益肝、益寿等功能,有助于健身延年，但是由于其组方简单，制作工艺粗糙，并没有将蛇胆入茶的功效发挥至最大，如中国发明专利号为ZL9610839.X，名称为“武夷蛇胆茶”中公开的蛇胆茶，是以武夷岩茶89-92%，蛇胆汁0.5-1%，金银花5.5-10%为原料组成，经粉碎、喷雾、干燥、灭菌等工艺制成的“袋泡茶”，其组方只有武夷岩茶、蛇胆汁、金银花，故其效果也只是停留在蛇胆和茶叶的简单药用价值方面，并没有产生更大的药用价值；此外，由于中国人传统观念，喝茶还是喜欢以茶叶冲泡的形式，而“武夷蛇胆茶”是将茶制成粉末状的袋泡茶，虽然其便于冲泡，但是冲泡后汤色混浊，悬浮颗粒多，茶袋泡在水中也影响其视觉效果，导致其感官和口感均大打折扣，不符合中国人传统的品茶之道，而这也是行业内专业技术人员亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对目前现有的蛇胆茶组方简单，没有将蛇胆入茶的功效发挥至最大，且成品茶感官、口感均不理想的问题，提供一种蛇胆养生茶及其制备方法。
本发明的一种蛇胆养生茶，由下述重量份原料制成：
茶叶 80～120 菊花 2～10
枸杞 0.5～5 甘草 2～10
蒲公英 5～15 薄荷 0.5～5
干姜 0.5～5 干蛇胆 0.5～5。
本发明的一种蛇胆养生茶，其优选配方由下述重量份原料制成：
茶叶 90～110 菊花 4～8
枸杞 1～4 甘草 4～8
蒲公英 8～12 薄荷 1～4
干姜 1～4 干蛇胆 1～4。
本发明的一种蛇胆养生茶，其最优选配方由下述重量份原料制成：
茶叶 100 菊花 6
枸杞 2 甘草 6
蒲公英 10 薄荷 2
干姜 2 干蛇胆 2。
所述干蛇胆为乌梢蛇的干蛇胆。
所述茶叶为绿茶。
本发明的一种蛇胆养生茶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取菊花、枸杞、甘草、蒲公英、薄荷五味药材，加水煎煮两次，第一次加入2～5倍水，浸泡0.5～2小时，煎煮0.5～1.5小时，过滤，得煎煮液；第二次向残渣中加入1～3倍水，煎煮0.5～1小时，过滤，合并两次煎煮液，浓缩成密度为8～10g/cm3的中药汁，备用；
（2）取胆汁完好的干蛇胆剪开、干姜粉碎至20～50目后，加入1～2倍量75%的酒精，浸泡2～3天，过滤，得蛇胆汁，备用；
（3）将第（1）步中制备好的中药汁分散到茶叶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%；
（4）取第（2）步中制备好的蛇胆汁，将其分散到第（3）步中干燥后的茶叶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%，检验、分装，即得。
本发明蛇胆养生茶的质量标准如下：1.水份＜9%，2.总灰份＜11%，3.水浸出物＞20%，4.酸不溶灰份＜1.2%。
本发明蛇胆养生茶冲泡方法同普通茶叶相同，根据各人口味取适量茶叶后置于杯中，以80～85℃开水冲泡，冲泡后汤色清碧浓鲜，口感甘甜，香味醇厚，且无需洗茶，可直接饮用。
上述配方中所使用的茶叶，具有以下功效：安神、明目、清头目、止渴生津、清热、消暑、解毒、消食、醒酒、去减肥、下气、利水、通便、治痢、去痰、祛风解表、坚齿、治心痛、疗疮治瘘、疗饥、益气力、延年益寿、杀菌治脚气；现代医药研究发现，茶叶还具有抗癌、抗菌、抗感冒，预防蛀牙与食物中毒，降低血糖值与高血压等功效；现代医药研究证明，茶叶中富含多种有机物质，主要有：茶多酚类、植物碱、蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素、果胶素、有机酸、脂多糖、糖类、酶类、色素等，此外还富含多种无机矿物元素，主要有：钾、钙、镁、钴、铁、铝、钠、锌、铜、氮、磷、氟、碘、硒等，是天然的保健饮品。
上述配方中所使用的蛇胆，性凉，味苦微甘，具有清热解毒、名目安神、行气祛痰，祛风去湿等功效，可用于治疗咳嗽多痰、目赤肿痛、皮肤热毒、口眼生疮、肺热咳嗽、胃热疼痛、肝热目赤、急性风湿性关节炎和痔疮，还可调补人的神经系统，对神经衰弱、高热神昏和小儿惊风等症都有良好的治疗效果。
上述配方中所使用的干姜，具有温中散寒，回阳通脉，温肺化饮的功效，可治疗脾胃虚寒证、亡阳证（与附子同用）、寒饮喘咳症。
上述配方中所使用的菊花，是中国常用中药，具有疏风、清热、明目、解毒之功效，主要治疗头痛、眩晕、目赤、心胸烦热、疔疮、肿毒等症，现代药理研究表明，菊花具有治疗冠心病、降低血压、预防高血脂、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、抗衰老等多种药理活性。
上述配方中所使用的枸杞，具有滋补肝肾，益气生精助阳，补虚劳，强筋骨的作用；可治疗肝肾阴亏、腰膝酸软、头晕、健忘、目眩、目昏多泪、消渴、遗精等病症，还可调节机体免疫功能、能有效抑制肿瘤生长和细胞突变、具有延缓衰老、抗脂肪肝、调节血脂和血糖、促进造血功能等方面的作用，并应用于临床。
上述配方中所使用的甘草，具有补脾益气、润肺止咳、缓急止痛、缓和药性、清热解毒的功效，可用于治疗脾胃虚弱，中气不足，气短乏力，食少便溏、咳嗽气喘等症。
上述配方中所使用的蒲公英，具有清热解毒，消肿散结，利尿通淋的功效，可用于治疗疔疮肿毒，乳痈，瘰疠，目赤，咽痛，肺痈，肠痈，湿热黄疸，热淋涩痛等症。
上述配方中所使用的薄荷，具有疏风散热，清头目，利咽喉，透疹，解郁的功效；可用于风热表症，头痛眩晕，目赤肿痛，咽痛声哑，鼻渊，牙痛，麻疹不透，隐疹瘙痒，肝郁胁痛脘胀，瘰疬结核等症。
本发明精选名贵蛇胆配以中药及上等绿茶经现代科学加工方法加工而成，经现代医学验证，具有以下保健功效：
（1）清肝明目、消除眼疾
本发明的蛇胆养生茶具有清热解毒、明目安神的功效，通过调节肝肾功能，达到调节人体平衡的作用，而肝开窍于目，肝肾功能的平衡则有利于眼疾消除。经现代医学证明，本发明产品对消除用眼疲劳及视力模糊等眼疾都具有很高的保健价值。
（2）祛除毒邪、美容养颜
本发明养生茶中的有效成分具有清热解毒、润肠通便、祛除毒邪、补充营养、调节免疫的功效，通过调节人体脏腑平衡能有效排除体内毒素、保持内分泌正常、消除面部痘疹、恢复皮肤光泽，从而达到美容养颜的目的；养生茶中含有的丰富微量元素通过体内多种酶的作用，促进核算、蛋白质的合成，对细胞的繁殖修复有直接或间接的作用，有效促进皮脂代谢、淡化色素沉着，减少皮肤皱纹，造就美丽容颜。
（3）止咳平喘、利咽润喉
本发明养生茶中的成分具有清热解毒、止咳平喘、有助消化的功效，通过调整人体内环境，行气祛痰、维持呼吸系统平衡；祛除咳喘痰疾、回复呼吸系统功能；对吸烟造成的咽炎等疾有明显改善，通过调整肝肾脏腑功能，能有效协调全身系统功能，清肝明目、化痰止咳、利咽喉、通利二便。
（4）缓解三高、改善亚健康
本发明养生茶中的芳香油化合物、咖啡碱能兴奋高级中枢神经和增强肾功能、促进新陈代谢，可提神益智、消除疲劳、提高免疫力，防龋固齿，还具有解除烟酒及熬夜积火之毒的功效。主要原理如下：
①茶中的儿茶素具有增强心肌和血管壁弹性的作用，能防治心脑血管硬化。
②茶中富含生物酶和脂多糖，能疏通经络、理气活血、对造血功能有显著的作用。
③茶中所含的维生素和微量元素能够促进视紫质的合成，减少视紫质的消耗，可以有效的保护眼睛，防治眼底出血和各种毛细血管中毒。
本发明的蛇胆养生茶以民间传统配方为基础，传承中医药食同源理论，精选乌梢蛇胆配以菊花、枸杞、甘草、蒲公英、薄荷、干姜及纯天然无污染的上等绿茶，以君臣佐使的功能相互协同辅佐，将蛇胆制茶的功效发挥至最大，同时，本发明蛇胆养生茶经现代科学方法加工而成，不仅使制成的茶叶保留了其原生态形状，其冲泡方法也与普通茶叶相同，冲泡后茶汤色泽清碧浓鲜，香味醇厚，饮后回味悠长，并兼具清热解毒、清凉明目、补脾益气、滋肝补肾、除毒祛邪、行气祛痰等功效。长期饮用有利于眼部保健，并能提神益智、化痰止咳、健脾消食、消除疲劳，是味道甘甜的天然保健珍品。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本发明的一种蛇胆养生茶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取菊花6kg、枸杞2kg、甘草6 kg、蒲公英10 kg、薄荷2 kg，加水煎煮两次，第一次加入60L水，浸泡1小时，煎煮45分钟，过滤，得煎煮液；第二次向残渣中加入30L水，煎煮45分钟，过滤，合并两次煎煮液，浓缩成密度为8～10g/cm3的中药汁，备用；
（2）取胆汁完好的乌梢蛇干蛇胆2kg剪开，干姜2kg粉碎至20目，加入6L 75%的酒精，浸泡3天，过滤，得蛇胆汁，备用；
（3）将第（1）步中制备好的中药汁分散到100kg精选绿茶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%；
（4）取第（2）步中制备好的蛇胆汁，将其分散到第（3）步中干燥后的茶叶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%，检验，分装，即得。
本发明蛇胆养生茶的质量标准如下：1.水份＜9%，2.总灰份＜11%，3水浸出物＞20%，4.酸不溶灰份＜1.2%。
实施例2
本发明的一种蛇胆养生茶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取菊花2kg、枸杞5kg、甘草2 kg、蒲公英15kg、薄荷0.5 kg，加水煎煮两次，第一次加入50L水，浸泡0.5小时，煎煮1小时，过滤，得煎煮液；第二次向残渣中加入25L水，煎煮0.5小时，过滤，合并两次煎煮液，浓缩成密度为8～10g/cm3的中药汁，备用；
（2）取胆汁完好的乌梢蛇干蛇胆5kg剪开，干姜5kg粉碎至30目，加入10L 75%的酒精，浸泡2天，过滤，得蛇胆汁，备用；
（3）将第（1）步中制备好的中药汁分散到120kg精选绿茶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%；
（4）取第（2）步中制备好的蛇胆汁，将其分散到第（3）步中干燥后的茶叶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%，检验，分装，即得。
实施例3
本发明的一种蛇胆养生茶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取菊花10kg、枸杞0.5kg、甘草10 kg、蒲公英5kg、薄荷5kg，加水煎煮两次，第一次加入150L水，浸泡1.5小时，煎煮1.5小时，过滤，得煎煮液；第二次向残渣中加入100L水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤，合并两次煎煮液，浓缩成密度为8～10g/cm3的中药汁，备用；
（2）取胆汁完好的乌梢蛇干蛇胆0.5kg剪开，干姜0.5kg粉碎至40目，加入3L 75%的酒精，浸泡2天，过滤，得蛇胆汁，备用；
（3）将第（1）步中制备好的中药汁分散到80kg精选绿茶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%；
（4）取第（2）步中制备好的蛇胆汁，将其分散到第（3）步中干燥后的茶叶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%，检验，分装，即得。
实施例4
本发明的一种蛇胆养生茶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取菊花8kg、枸杞1kg、甘草4 kg、蒲公英12kg、薄荷1kg，加水煎煮两次，第一次加入100L水，浸泡45分钟，煎煮1.5小时，过滤，得煎煮液；第二次向残渣中加入80L水，煎煮1小时，过滤，合并两次煎煮液，浓缩成密度为8～10g/cm3的中药汁，备用；
（2）取胆汁完好的乌梢蛇干蛇胆1kg剪开，干姜1kg粉碎至20目，加入6L 75%的酒精，浸泡2天，过滤，得蛇胆汁，备用；
（3）将第（1）步中制备好的中药汁分散到90kg精选绿茶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%；
（4）取第（2）步中制备好的蛇胆汁，将其分散到第（3）步中干燥后的茶叶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%，检验，分装，即得。
实施例5
本发明的一种蛇胆养生茶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取菊花4kg、枸杞4kg、甘草8 kg、蒲公英8kg、薄荷3kg，加水煎煮两次，第一次加入85L水，浸泡65分钟，煎煮1小时，过滤，得煎煮液；第二次向残渣中加入60L水，煎煮45分钟，过滤，合并两次煎煮液，浓缩成密度为8～10g/cm3的中药汁，备用；
（2）取胆汁完好的乌梢蛇干蛇胆3kg剪开，干姜3kg粉碎至50目，加入9L 75%的酒精，浸泡3天，过滤，得蛇胆汁，备用；
（3）将第（1）步中制备好的中药汁分散到110kg精选绿茶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%；
（4）取第（2）步中制备好的蛇胆汁，将其分散到第（3）步中干燥后的茶叶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%，检验，分装，即得。
Claims (2)
1.一种蛇胆养生茶，其特征在于由下述重量份原料制成：
茶叶 100 菊花 6
枸杞 2 甘草 6
蒲公英 10 薄荷 2
干姜 2 干蛇胆 2；
所述干蛇胆为乌梢蛇的干蛇胆；
所述茶叶为绿茶。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种蛇胆养生茶的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）取菊花、枸杞、甘草、蒲公英、薄荷五味药材，加水煎煮两次，第一次加入2～5倍水，浸泡0.5～2小时，煎煮0.5～1.5小时，过滤，得煎煮液；第二次向残渣中加入1～3倍水，煎煮0.5～1小时，过滤，合并两次煎煮液，浓缩成密度为8～10g/cm3中药汁，备用；
（2）取胆汁完好的干蛇胆剪开、干姜粉碎至20～50目后，加入1～2倍量75%的酒精，浸泡2～3天，过滤，得蛇胆汁，备用；
（3）将第（1）步中制备好的中药汁分散到茶叶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%；
（4）取第（2）步中制备好的蛇胆汁，将其分散到第（3）步中干燥后的茶叶中，待全部茶叶被润湿均匀后放入干燥容器中，于70～90℃下干燥至含水量＜9%，检验、分装，即得。
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| CN1107011A (zh) * | 1993-10-23 | 1995-08-23 | 何舒健 | 蛇胆茶 |
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