CN103609406A - Snake gourd soilless cultivation method - Google Patents
Snake gourd soilless cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103609406A CN103609406A CN201310598702.XA CN201310598702A CN103609406A CN 103609406 A CN103609406 A CN 103609406A CN 201310598702 A CN201310598702 A CN 201310598702A CN 103609406 A CN103609406 A CN 103609406A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a snake gourd soilless cultivation method. The method includes the steps of sterilization and disinfection of a matrix, disinfection and planting of snake gourd seeds, potting watering treatment, fertilizing treatment and the like. By the method, snake gourd yield can be greatly increased, and snake gourd quality can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vegetable growing field, be specifically related to a kind of soilless culture method of serpent melon.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of living standard, people also improve day by day to the requirement of quality of vegetable, therefore, when improving yield of vegetables, also should constantly improve the quality of vegetables.Soilless culture is because it has joint fertilizer, water saving, laborsaving, province's medicine, high yield, the advantage such as of fine quality, clean forms as first-selected vegetable growing method, especially organic substrate soilless culture method, trace element in its matrix is abundant, is that one stable, resiliency is stronger, has the cultivation medium of good root growth environment.Adopt organic substrate soilless culture method constantly can improve yield of vegetables, and can improve quality of vegetable, can produce high-quality vegetables, or even " organic vegetable ".
Serpent melon be take tender fruit as vegetables, but tender leaf and tender stem are also edible.Tender melon is containing abundant carbohydrate, vitamin and mineral matter, and meat is soft, has a kind of slight stink, but becomes fragrance, micro-sweetness after boiling.Serpent melon is cool in nature, enters lung, stomach, large intestine channel, energy clearing heat and eliminating phlegm, and moistening lung to loosen bowel, soup can be stir-fried and eaten, be done to tender fruit and the young stem and leaf of serpent melon, other tool local flavor.The rare sick worm harm of serpent melon, can become pollution-free vegetable, has certain market potential.
Soilless culture serpent melon can depart from soil completely, compare with traditional soil cultivation, there is obvious advantage, can cultivate at garden, can meet the requirement of modern metropolitan cities to organic vegetable, serpent melon is potted plant not only has very important edibility, and also there is certain sight, there is very tempting wide development prospect, the production of serpent melon at present mostly adopts traditional native planting type that has, there is soil cultivation easily to carry disease germs to cause the unfavorable factors such as plant is susceptible, compare with traditional soil cultivation, soilless culture can significantly improve flowers, fruit, the output of vegetables, promote quality, reduce soil-borne disease, purify planting environment.The soilless culture research of serpent melon is also fewer, also rarely known by the people in China, therefore the research tool of serpent melon soilless culture is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of soilless culture method of serpent melon, not only can improve output, and effectively reduces the generation of damage by disease and insect, reduces the use of agricultural chemicals.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A soilless culture method for serpent melon, comprises the following steps:
(1) sterilizing of matrix is processed: before matrix is used, first in every cubic metre of matrix, be spilled into the pulverized limestone disinfection of 2-4%, and then spray the powder of carbendazim of 2-4%, the potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant that is finally 0.1% by concentration;
(2) seed disinfection of serpent melon and plantation: select full serpent melon seed, before sowing, by concentration, be first that 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis carries out surface sterilization 10 minutes, and after fully rinsing by deionized water, be put on the interior moistening filter paper of the culture dish of having sterilized, be placed in 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, within in the constant incubator of 80% relative moisture 1 day, carry out seed germination, be then planted in the plastic basin or pottery pot that diameter is greater than 30cm, the matrix covering in described plastic basin or pottery pot is from basin mouth 7-9cm;
(3) pot water is processed: after having gone up basin, water, keep the relative water content 70-80% of matrix, every 3-4 days waters once, and it is 350-500ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, completely to irrigate and to be as the criterion;
(4) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 5-10 days every basins impose 200-250g Chicken dung before blooming, before knot melon, 4-8 days every basins impose Chicken dung 50-100g, at knot melon, impose quick-acting phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 100-150g mid-term.
Described matrix is pig manure 200-260 part, cow dung 200-250 part, wheat-straw 400-480 part, melon seedling 300-400 part, beans shell powder 100-120 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 100-160 part, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 45-55 part, potassium sulfate 30-45 part, superphosphate 50-60 part, straw decomposing bacterium 1-2 part, bacillus subtilis 2-4 part.
Described wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat-straw, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 40-50 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
A kind of rational formula of soilless culture substrate of serpent melon is provided, can have greatly improved the output of serpent melon, and improved the quality of serpent melon.
In matrix, add bacillus subtilis, can reduce the generation of harmful bacteria, thereby can reduce the usage amount of agricultural chemicals, improved quality.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made to more explicit defining.
Embodiment 1
A soilless culture substrate for serpent melon, comprises following composition: 200 parts of pig manures, 200 parts of cow dungs, 400 parts of wheat-straws, 300 parts of melon seedlings, 100 parts, beans shell powder, 100 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 45 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP)s, 30 parts of potassium sulfates, 50 parts of superphosphate, 1 part of straw decomposing bacterium, 2 parts of bacillus subtilises.
By wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat-straw, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 45 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
Adopt above-mentioned matrix to a serpent melon soilless culture method, comprise the following steps:
(1) sterilizing of matrix is processed: before matrix is used, first in every cubic metre of matrix, be spilled into 2% pulverized limestone disinfection, and then spray 2% powder of carbendazim, the potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant that is finally 0.1% by concentration;
(2) seed disinfection of serpent melon and plantation: select full serpent melon seed, before sowing, by concentration, be first that 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis carries out surface sterilization 10 minutes, and after fully rinsing by deionized water, be put on the interior moistening filter paper of the culture dish of having sterilized, be placed in 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, within in the constant incubator of 80% relative moisture 1 day, carry out seed germination, be then planted in the plastic basin or pottery pot that diameter is greater than 30cm, the matrix covering in described plastic basin or pottery pot is from basin mouth 7-9cm;
(3) pot water is processed: after having gone up basin, water, keep the relative water content 70-80% of matrix, every 3-4 days waters once, and it is 350-500ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, completely to irrigate and to be as the criterion;
(4) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 5 days every basins impose 200g Chicken dung before blooming, imposes Chicken dung 100g at knot melon first 4 days every basins, at knot melon, imposes quick-acting phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 100g mid-term.
Embodiment 2
A soilless culture substrate for serpent melon, comprises following composition: 240 parts of pig manures, 225 parts of cow dungs, 440 parts of wheat-straws, 350 parts of melon seedlings, 110 parts, beans shell powder, 130 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 50 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP)s, 38 parts of potassium sulfates, 55 parts of superphosphate, 2 parts of straw decomposing bacterium, 3 parts of bacillus subtilises.
By wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat-straw, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 40 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
Adopt above-mentioned matrix to a serpent melon soilless culture method, comprise the following steps:
(1) sterilizing of matrix is processed: before matrix is used, first in every cubic metre of matrix, be spilled into 3% pulverized limestone disinfection, and then spray 3% powder of carbendazim, the potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant that is finally 0.1% by concentration;
(2) seed disinfection of serpent melon and plantation: select full serpent melon seed, before sowing, by concentration, be first that 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis carries out surface sterilization 10 minutes, and after fully rinsing by deionized water, be put on the interior moistening filter paper of the culture dish of having sterilized, be placed in 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, within in the constant incubator of 80% relative moisture 1 day, carry out seed germination, be then planted in the plastic basin or pottery pot that diameter is greater than 30cm, the matrix covering in described plastic basin or pottery pot is from basin mouth 7-9cm;
(3) pot water is processed: after having gone up basin, water, keep the relative water content 70-80% of matrix, every 3-4 days waters once, and it is 350-500ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, completely to irrigate and to be as the criterion;
(4) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 7 days every basins impose 220g Chicken dung before blooming, imposes Chicken dung 75g, at knot melon, imposes quick-acting phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 120g mid-term at first 6 days every basins of knot melon.
Embodiment 3
A soilless culture substrate for serpent melon, comprises following composition: 260 parts of pig manures, 250 parts of cow dungs, 480 parts of wheat-straws, 400 parts of melon seedlings, 120 parts, beans shell powder, 160 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 55 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP)s, 45 parts of potassium sulfates, 60 parts of superphosphate, 2 parts of straw decomposing bacterium, 4 parts of bacillus subtilises.
By wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat stalk, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 50 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
Adopt above-mentioned matrix to a serpent melon soilless culture method, comprise the following steps:
(1) sterilizing of matrix is processed: before matrix is used, first in every cubic metre of matrix, be spilled into 4% pulverized limestone disinfection, and then spray 4% powder of carbendazim, the potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant that is finally 0.1% by concentration;
(2) seed disinfection of serpent melon and plantation: select full serpent melon seed, before sowing, by concentration, be first that 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis carries out surface sterilization 10 minutes, and after fully rinsing by deionized water, be put on the interior moistening filter paper of the culture dish of having sterilized, be placed in 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, within in the constant incubator of 80% relative moisture 1 day, carry out seed germination, be then planted in the plastic basin or pottery pot that diameter is greater than 30cm, the matrix covering in described plastic basin or pottery pot is from basin mouth 7-9cm;
(3) pot water is processed: after having gone up basin, water, keep the relative water content 70-80% of matrix, every 3-4 days waters once, and it is 350-500ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, completely to irrigate and to be as the criterion;
(4) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 10 days every basins impose 250g Chicken dung before blooming, before knot melon, 4-8 days every basins impose Chicken dung 50g, at knot melon, impose quick-acting phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 150g mid-term.
Routine there is is the potted plant serpent melon (CK) of soil compare with the soilless culture serpent melon in the present invention, in Table 1:
| Process | Output increasing rate (%) | Bacterial angular leaf spot slip (kg) |
| Embodiment 1 | 30 | 80 |
| Embodiment 2 | 35 | 87 |
| Embodiment 3 | 34 | 82 |
From contrast, can find out, utilize the serpent melon output that the present invention plants to be greatly improved, and damage by disease and insect also there has is minimizing greatly.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a soilless culture method for serpent melon, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) sterilizing of matrix is processed: before matrix is used, first in every cubic metre of matrix, be spilled into the pulverized limestone disinfection of 2-4%, and then spray the powder of carbendazim of 2-4%, the potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant that is finally 0.1% by concentration;
(2) seed disinfection of serpent melon and plantation: select full serpent melon seed, before sowing, by concentration, be first that 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis carries out surface sterilization 10 minutes, and after fully rinsing by deionized water, be put on the interior moistening filter paper of the culture dish of having sterilized, be placed in 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, within in the constant incubator of 80% relative moisture 1 day, carry out seed germination, be then planted in the plastic basin or pottery pot that diameter is greater than 30cm, the matrix covering in described plastic basin or pottery pot is from basin mouth 7-9cm;
(3) pot water is processed: after having gone up basin, water, keep the relative water content 70-80% of matrix, every 3-4 days waters once, and it is 350-500ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, completely to irrigate and to be as the criterion;
(4) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 5-10 days every basins impose 200-250g Chicken dung before blooming, before knot melon, 4-8 days every basins impose Chicken dung 50-100g, at knot melon, impose quick-acting phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 100-150g mid-term.
2. soilless culture method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described matrix is pig manure 200-260 part, cow dung 200-250 part, wheat-straw 400-480 part, melon seedling 300-400 part, beans shell powder 100-120 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 100-160 part, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 45-55 part, potassium sulfate 30-45 part, superphosphate 50-60 part, straw decomposing bacterium 1-2 part, bacillus subtilis 2-4 part.
3. soilless culture method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat-straw, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 40-50 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104067836A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-01 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | Cultivation method for high-yield snake gourds |
| CN105684682A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 广西大学 | A high yield cultivation method for snake gourds |
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| CN1478381A (en) * | 2002-08-26 | 2004-03-03 | 上海交通大学 | Vegetable, melon and fruit tree organic soilless cultivation technology |
| CN102499042A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-20 | 大连得达科技发展有限公司 | Cucumber soilless culture method |
| CN102613050A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 何寒 | Soilless cultivation method of fruits and vegetables |
| CN102870581A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-16 | 镇江市丹徒区绿业生态农业有限公司 | Method for pollution-free cultivation of pumpkin in greenhouse |
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2013
- 2013-11-25 CN CN201310598702.XA patent/CN103609406B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1478381A (en) * | 2002-08-26 | 2004-03-03 | 上海交通大学 | Vegetable, melon and fruit tree organic soilless cultivation technology |
| CN102499042A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-20 | 大连得达科技发展有限公司 | Cucumber soilless culture method |
| CN102613050A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-08-01 | 何寒 | Soilless cultivation method of fruits and vegetables |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104067836A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-01 | 苏州市美人半岛齐力生态农产品专业合作社 | Cultivation method for high-yield snake gourds |
| CN105684682A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 广西大学 | A high yield cultivation method for snake gourds |
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