CN103598074A - Snake gourd soilless growing media - Google Patents
Snake gourd soilless growing media Download PDFInfo
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- CN103598074A CN103598074A CN201310599845.2A CN201310599845A CN103598074A CN 103598074 A CN103598074 A CN 103598074A CN 201310599845 A CN201310599845 A CN 201310599845A CN 103598074 A CN103598074 A CN 103598074A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a snake gourd soilless growing media. Ingredients include 200 to 260 parts of pig manure, 200 to 250 parts of cow dung, 400 to 480 parts of wheat stems, 300 to 400 parts of stalks, 100 to 120 parts of bean shell powder, 100 to 160 parts of grass carbon, 45 to 55 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 30 to 45 parts of potassium, 50 to 60 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1 to 2 parts of straw composting bacteria, and 2 to 4 parts of Bacillus subtilis. The formula of the snake gourd soilless growing media is reasonable, yield of snake gourds can be increased greatly, and quality of the snake gourds can be improved; the Bacillus subtilis is added into the media, harmful bacteria can be reduced, so that usage of pesticides can be reduced, and quality can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vegetable growing field, be specifically related to a kind of soilless culture substrate of serpent melon.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of living standard, people also improve day by day to the requirement of quality of vegetable, therefore, when improving yield of vegetables, also should constantly improve the quality of vegetables.Soilless culture is because it has joint fertilizer, water saving, laborsaving, province's medicine, high yield, the advantage such as of fine quality, clean forms as first-selected vegetable growing method, especially organic substrate soilless culture method, trace element in its matrix is abundant, is that one stable, resiliency is stronger, has the cultivation medium of good root growth environment.Adopt organic substrate soilless culture method constantly can improve yield of vegetables, and can improve quality of vegetable, can produce high-quality vegetables, or even " organic vegetable ".
Serpent melon be take tender fruit as vegetables, but tender leaf and tender stem are also edible.Tender melon is containing abundant carbohydrate, vitamin and mineral matter, and meat is soft, has a kind of slight stink, but becomes fragrance, micro-sweetness after boiling.Serpent melon is cool in nature, enters lung, stomach, large intestine channel, energy clearing heat and eliminating phlegm, and moistening lung to loosen bowel, soup can be stir-fried and eaten, be done to tender fruit and the young stem and leaf of serpent melon, other tool local flavor.The rare sick worm harm of serpent melon, can become pollution-free vegetable, has certain market potential.
Soilless culture serpent melon can depart from soil completely, compare with traditional soil cultivation, there is obvious advantage, can cultivate at garden, can meet the requirement of modern metropolitan cities to organic vegetable, serpent melon is potted plant not only has very important edibility, and also there is certain sight, there is very tempting wide development prospect, the production of serpent melon at present mostly adopts traditional native planting type that has, there is soil cultivation easily to carry disease germs to cause the unfavorable factors such as plant is susceptible, compare with traditional soil cultivation, soilless culture can significantly improve flowers, fruit, the output of vegetables, promote quality, reduce soil-borne disease, purify planting environment.The soilless culture research of serpent melon is also fewer, also rarely known by the people in China, therefore the research tool of serpent melon soilless culture is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of soilless culture substrate of serpent melon, not only can improve output, and effectively reduces the generation of damage by disease and insect, reduces the use of agricultural chemicals.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A soilless culture substrate for serpent melon, comprises following composition: pig manure 200-260 part, cow dung 200-250 part, wheat-straw 400-480 part, melon seedling 300-400 part, beans shell powder 100-120 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 100-160 part, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 45-55 part, potassium sulfate 30-45 part, superphosphate 50-60 part, straw decomposing bacterium 1-2 part, bacillus subtilis 2-4 part.
By wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat-straw, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 40-50 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
A kind of rational formula of soilless culture substrate of serpent melon is provided, can have greatly improved the output of serpent melon, and improved the quality of serpent melon.In matrix, add bacillus subtilis, can reduce the generation of harmful bacteria, thereby can reduce the usage amount of agricultural chemicals, improved quality.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made to more explicit defining.
Embodiment 1
A soilless culture substrate for serpent melon, comprises following composition: 200 parts of pig manures, 200 parts of cow dungs, 400 parts of wheat-straws, 300 parts of melon seedlings, 100 parts, beans shell powder, 100 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 45 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP)s, 30 parts of potassium sulfates, 50 parts of superphosphate, 1 part of straw decomposing bacterium, 2 parts of bacillus subtilises.
By wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat-straw, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 45 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
Adopt above-mentioned matrix to a serpent melon soilless culture method, comprise the following steps:
(1) sterilizing of matrix is processed: before matrix is used, first in every cubic metre of matrix, be spilled into 2% pulverized limestone disinfection, and then spray 2% powder of carbendazim, the potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant that is finally 0.1% by concentration;
(2) seed disinfection of serpent melon and plantation: select full serpent melon seed, before sowing, by concentration, be first that 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis carries out surface sterilization 10 minutes, and after fully rinsing by deionized water, be put on the interior moistening filter paper of the culture dish of having sterilized, be placed in 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, within in the constant incubator of 80% relative moisture 1 day, carry out seed germination, be then planted in the plastic basin or pottery pot that diameter is greater than 30cm, the matrix covering in described plastic basin or pottery pot is from basin mouth 7-9cm;
(3) pot water is processed: after having gone up basin, water, keep the relative water content 70-80% of matrix, every 3-4 days waters once, and it is 350-500ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, completely to irrigate and to be as the criterion;
(4) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 5 days every basins impose 200g Chicken dung before blooming, imposes Chicken dung 100g at knot melon first 4 days every basins, at knot melon, imposes quick-acting phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 100g mid-term.
Embodiment 2
A soilless culture substrate for serpent melon, comprises following composition: 240 parts of pig manures, 225 parts of cow dungs, 440 parts of wheat-straws, 350 parts of melon seedlings, 110 parts, beans shell powder, 130 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 50 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP)s, 38 parts of potassium sulfates, 55 parts of superphosphate, 2 parts of straw decomposing bacterium, 3 parts of bacillus subtilises.
By wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat-straw, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 40 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
Adopt above-mentioned matrix to a serpent melon soilless culture method, comprise the following steps:
(1) sterilizing of matrix is processed: before matrix is used, first in every cubic metre of matrix, be spilled into 3% pulverized limestone disinfection, and then spray 3% powder of carbendazim, the potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant that is finally 0.1% by concentration;
(2) seed disinfection of serpent melon and plantation: select full serpent melon seed, before sowing, by concentration, be first that 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis carries out surface sterilization 10 minutes, and after fully rinsing by deionized water, be put on the interior moistening filter paper of the culture dish of having sterilized, be placed in 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, within in the constant incubator of 80% relative moisture 1 day, carry out seed germination, be then planted in the plastic basin or pottery pot that diameter is greater than 30cm, the matrix covering in described plastic basin or pottery pot is from basin mouth 7-9cm;
(3) pot water is processed: after having gone up basin, water, keep the relative water content 70-80% of matrix, every 3-4 days waters once, and it is 350-500ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, completely to irrigate and to be as the criterion;
(4) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 7 days every basins impose 220g Chicken dung before blooming, imposes Chicken dung 75g, at knot melon, imposes quick-acting phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 120g mid-term at first 6 days every basins of knot melon.
Embodiment 3
A soilless culture substrate for serpent melon, comprises following composition: 260 parts of pig manures, 250 parts of cow dungs, 480 parts of wheat-straws, 400 parts of melon seedlings, 120 parts, beans shell powder, 160 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 55 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP)s, 45 parts of potassium sulfates, 60 parts of superphosphate, 2 parts of straw decomposing bacterium, 4 parts of bacillus subtilises.
By wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat stalk, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 50 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
Adopt above-mentioned matrix to a serpent melon soilless culture method, comprise the following steps:
(1) sterilizing of matrix is processed: before matrix is used, first in every cubic metre of matrix, be spilled into 4% pulverized limestone disinfection, and then spray 4% powder of carbendazim, the potassium permanganate liquid disinfectant that is finally 0.1% by concentration;
(2) seed disinfection of serpent melon and plantation: select full serpent melon seed, before sowing, by concentration, be first that 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis carries out surface sterilization 10 minutes, and after fully rinsing by deionized water, be put on the interior moistening filter paper of the culture dish of having sterilized, be placed in 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, within in the constant incubator of 80% relative moisture 1 day, carry out seed germination, be then planted in the plastic basin or pottery pot that diameter is greater than 30cm, the matrix covering in described plastic basin or pottery pot is from basin mouth 7-9cm;
(3) pot water is processed: after having gone up basin, water, keep the relative water content 70-80% of matrix, every 3-4 days waters once, and it is 350-500ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, completely to irrigate and to be as the criterion;
(4) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 10 days every basins impose 250g Chicken dung before blooming, before knot melon, 4-8 days every basins impose Chicken dung 50g, at knot melon, impose quick-acting phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 150g mid-term.
Routine there is is the potted plant serpent melon (CK) of soil compare with the soilless culture serpent melon in the present invention, in Table 1:
| Process | Output increasing rate (%) | Bacterial angular leaf spot slip (kg) |
| Embodiment 1 | 30 | 80 |
| Embodiment 2 | 35 | 87 |
| Embodiment 3 | 34 | 82 |
From contrast, can find out, utilize the serpent melon output that the present invention plants to be greatly improved, and damage by disease and insect also there has is minimizing greatly.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the soilless culture substrate of a serpent melon, it is characterized in that, comprise following composition: pig manure 200-260 part, cow dung 200-250 part, wheat-straw 400-480 part, melon seedling 300-400 part, beans shell powder 100-120 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 100-160 part, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) 45-55 part, potassium sulfate 30-45 part, superphosphate 50-60 part, straw decomposing bacterium 1-2 part, bacillus subtilis 2-4 part.
2. soilless culture substrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wheat-straw, melon seedling carries out mixed culture fermentation according to described ratio: first by wheat-straw, melon seedling chopping, length is less than 3 centimetres, then described beans shell powder is mixed to mixed processing, standby with water infiltration, at stalk, pile rotten the last week, add described pig manure, cow dung and straw decomposing bacterium, make straw decomposing bacterium at pig manure, in cow dung, expand numerous, above-mentioned substance plastic covering film is started to fermentation, when rising to 50 ℃, fermentation temperature starts immediately turning, turning every day later, make to pile temperature maintain all the time 35-50 ℃ totally 5 days, after solid fermentation starts, the pH of stacking yard can constantly rise, during each turning, with containing acid solution body, regulate water content and pH, make them maintain respectively 60-70% and 6.5-7.0, when stopping, fermentation with containing acid solution body, sprays again, until stacking yard pH is adjusted into 6 left and right, process by fermentation 40-50 days until after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, carry out again low temperature drying or natural airing, and then the peat composed of rotten mosses described in adding in proportion in fermentation product, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), potassium sulfate, superphosphate, bacillus subtilis, fully stir evenly it is mixed, bacillus subtilis is expanded numerous in inside.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104072232A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-01 | 裴秀琴 | Environment-friendly chemical fertilizer |
| CN104255407A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 谢振西 | Pumpkin soiless cultivation method |
| CN105198583A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-30 | 临汾市力澜生物科技有限公司 | Nutrient medium for soilless culture |
| CN105777439A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-07-20 | 青岛鲸灵海洋科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for improving and activating soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN106278481A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | A kind of soilless culture Capsicum annuum L. dedicated substrate |
| CN106305391A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Special medium applied to soil-free cultivation of green beans |
| CN106316615A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Substrate special for soilless culture of sugar beans |
| CN106332753A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Pumpkin soilless culture medium |
| CN106332754A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Special substrate for pumpkin soilless culture |
| CN106332752A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Special soilless culture medium for matrimony vines |
| CN106359034A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-02-01 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Special soilless cultivation medium for amaranthus tricolor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104072232A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-01 | 裴秀琴 | Environment-friendly chemical fertilizer |
| CN104255407A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 谢振西 | Pumpkin soiless cultivation method |
| CN105198583A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2015-12-30 | 临汾市力澜生物科技有限公司 | Nutrient medium for soilless culture |
| CN105777439A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-07-20 | 青岛鲸灵海洋科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for improving and activating soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN106278481A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-04 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | A kind of soilless culture Capsicum annuum L. dedicated substrate |
| CN106305391A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Special medium applied to soil-free cultivation of green beans |
| CN106316615A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Substrate special for soilless culture of sugar beans |
| CN106332753A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Pumpkin soilless culture medium |
| CN106332754A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Special substrate for pumpkin soilless culture |
| CN106332752A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Special soilless culture medium for matrimony vines |
| CN106359034A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-02-01 | 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 | Special soilless cultivation medium for amaranthus tricolor |
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Application publication date: 20140226 |