CN106561240A

CN106561240A - Vegetable planting method

Info

Publication number: CN106561240A
Application number: CN201610984032.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石毅
Original assignee: Xiangtan New Green Vegetable Production And Marketing Cooperatives
Current assignee: Xiangtan New Green Vegetable Production And Marketing Cooperatives
Priority date: 2016-11-03
Filing date: 2016-11-03
Publication date: 2017-04-19

Abstract

The invention discloses a vegetable planting method. The method comprises the steps of seed treatment, seedling, water and fertilizer management, and pest control and prevention; the method can guarantee that the taste and quality of out-of-season vegetables are same as the vegetables in season when being used for planting the out-of-season vegetables; a seedling matrix is rich in nutrition and capable of guaranteeing the nutritional requirement of the leafy vegetables, and the carbon nitrogen ratio of the seedling matrix is in favor of the sustained release of the matrix nutritional ingredients, and can conform to the fertilizer requirement law of the vegetables; the earthworm is thrown in the soil so as to improve the permeability, and the excrement of the earthworm not only contains a large number of nutritional ingredients, such as nitrogen phosphorous and potassium elements, amino acids, protein, a mass of beneficial microorganisms and earthworm protease, but also is in favor of improving the nutritional ingredients of the vegetables; the botanical pesticide liquid is used for pest control and prevention, the effective ingredients of the pesticide is used for performing the pest control and prevention, and the pesticide pollution is avoided.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of vegetables

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of vegetables.

Background technology

With China's expanding economy, market for farm products supply-demand relationship also there occurs great change, the level of consumption of resident Improve constantly, health idea and Consciousness of food security are also progressively strengthening, requirement of the society to agricultural product quality and safety level Improve constantly.Vegetables because its wide variety and can provide the nutriments such as multivitamin necessary to human body and mineral matter and Delicious sweetness, and liking for people is constantly subjected to, but at present, in order to have anti-season vegetables, people adopt greenhouse gardening, together When, in order to improve the yield of booth vegetable, using each parahormone such as agricultural chemicals and various auxin so that the nutrient content of vegetables Have a greatly reduced quality, also worse and worse, soil easily causes pest and disease damage to propagate and soil fertility to taste in the case of continuous plantation Decline, it is hardened.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of implantation methods of vegetables, this method is educated using special seedling medium Seedling, while by effective proportioning components, increase soil fertility, that is, ensures the yield of vegetables, also can effective improve quality.

For achieving the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：

A kind of implantation methods of vegetables, comprise the following steps：

1) Seed Treatment：Vegetable seeds is put in clear water, in frequency is for the ultrasonic wave of 30KHz 30min is processed, drained Seed is sterilized with ultraviolet irradiation 20-30min afterwards, then is carried out disinfection with 12% trisodium phosphate solution immersion 4-8 minutes, Irradiation 3min in the He-Ne laser that wavelength is 632.8nm is placed in, is finally dressed seed with Bacillus acidi lactici again；

2) nursery：Nursery carries out nursery in booth with seedlings nursing plate, prepares seedling medium：The seedling medium each component is pressed Weight portion meter includes：Stalk 40-70 parts, animal wastes 20-35 parts, perlite 15-20 parts, polyacrylamide 5-8 parts, nitrogen-fixing bacteria Microbial inoculum 0.5-2 parts, green tea water extract 1-3 parts, chlorophyll 0.5-2 parts, sawdust 10-15 parts, raw starch enzyme 1-3 parts, Asia Sodium selenate 7-9 parts, tealeaves alkaloid 0.5-2 parts；

Its concrete preparation method is：Above-mentioned each component is well mixed, is added water quenched to water content 30%, piled up, inoculation Microbial fermentation inoculum, and perforate thereon, are covered so as to fully become thoroughly decomposed with plastic foil, and ferment 36-48h, and heap temperature rise is to 50 DEG C When start turning cooling, once a day, such as heap temperature is more than 65 DEG C, then adds time overturning, obtains seedling medium；

3) water and fertilizer management：After emerging, transplant into planting greenhouse, control booth relative humidity 60-70%, temperature 25-35 ℃；Before transplanting, booth soil is deep ploughed, use sufficient base manure, and earthworm is put in a suitable place to breed by 800-1000 bars/mu；After transplanting, per 2-3 It waters once, per topdressing within 7-10 days once, imposes production promoting fertilizer；

4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The moth pests, and spray on plants source desinsection are catched and killed using pheromones sex attractant and black light lamp Liquid, the vegetable source pesticide liquid includes by weight following raw material：Dalmatian chrysanthemum 20-30 parts, kuh-seng 20-30 parts, cnidium monnieri Sub- 10-15 parts, soapberry fruit 5-10 part, onion 1-5 parts, garlic 1-5 parts, Fructus meliae toosendan 5-10 parts, thunder godvine 3-5 parts, mulberry leaf 10- 12 parts, pepper 1-3 parts.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the production promoting fertilizer includes the raw material of following weight portion：Stalk 100-120 parts, sheep excrement 45-50 part, calcium superphosphate 10-30 parts, urea 10-30 parts, ammonium sulfate 10-20 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10- 30 parts, magnesium sulfate 5-10 parts, polyacrylamide 5-8 parts, manganese sulfate 0.01-0.1 parts, zinc sulfate 0.01-0.1 parts, borax 0.01- 0.1 part, fulvic acid 2-3 parts, sodium selenite 2-3 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5-5 parts, bacillus subtilis 3-4 parts.

The present invention a preferred embodiment in, it is characterised in that step 2) described in microbial fermentation inoculum include Bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, trichobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, promise card actinomyces.

Preferably, step 2) described in animal wastes be sheep excrement, chicken manure, pig manure in one kind.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention also can guarantee that as vegetables at once when anti-season vegetables are planted Mouthfeel and quality；Seedling culture matrix nutrition enriches, and can guarantee that leaf vegetables nutritional need, and its carbon-nitrogen ratio is conducive to holding for matrix nutrition composition Continuous release, can agree with the regulation of fertilizer requirement of vegetables；Earthworm is thrown in toward soil, the permeability of soil, and earthworm is favorably improved The excrement of discharge not only a large amount of nutrient contents, such as n-p-k element, amino acid, protein, substantial amounts of beneficial microbe and earthworm Earthworm protease, is conducive to improving the nutrient content of vegetables；The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control adopt vegetable source pesticide liquid, using desinsection effectively into Dividing carries out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, without pollution by pesticides；

Specific embodiment

Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.

Embodiment 1

A kind of implantation methods of vegetables, comprise the following steps：

2) nursery：Nursery carries out nursery in booth with seedlings nursing plate, prepares seedling medium：The seedling medium each component is pressed Weight portion meter includes：40 parts of stalk, 20 parts of sheep excrement, 15 parts of perlite, 5 parts of polyacrylamide, 0.5 part of fixed nitrogen bacteria agent, green tea 1 part of water extract, 0.5 part of chlorophyll, 10 parts of sawdust, 1 part of raw starch enzyme, 7 parts of sodium selenite, 0.5 part of tealeaves alkaloid；

Its concrete preparation method is：Above-mentioned each component is well mixed, is added water quenched to water content 30%, piled up, inoculation Microbial fermentation inoculum, and perforate thereon, are covered so as to fully become thoroughly decomposed with plastic foil, and ferment 36h, when heap temperature rise is to 50 DEG C Beginning turning cooling, once a day, such as heap temperature is more than 65 DEG C, then adds time overturning, obtains seedling medium；

Bio-fermentation agents include bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, trichobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, promise Card actinomyces.

3) water and fertilizer management：After emerging, transplant into planting greenhouse, control booth relative humidity 70%, 25 DEG C of temperature；Transplant Before, booth soil is deep ploughed, base manure is used sufficient, and put earthworm in a suitable place to breed by 800/mu；After transplanting, per watering within 2-3 days once, often Topdress within 7-10 days once, impose production promoting fertilizer；

The production promoting fertilizer includes the raw material of following weight portion：100 parts of stalk, 45 parts of sheep excrement, 10 parts of calcium superphosphate, urine 10 parts of element, 10 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of polyacrylamide, 0.01 part of manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate 0.01 part, 0.01 part of borax, 2 parts of fulvic acid, 2 parts of sodium selenite, 0.5 part of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 3 parts of bacillus subtilis.

4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The moth pests, and spray on plants source desinsection are catched and killed using pheromones sex attractant and black light lamp Liquid, the vegetable source pesticide liquid includes by weight following raw material：20 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 20 parts of kuh-seng, 10 parts of frutus cnidii, 5 parts of soapberry fruit, 1 part of onion, 1 part of garlic, 5 parts of Fructus meliae toosendan, 3 parts of thunder godvine, 10 parts of mulberry leaf, 1 part of pepper.

Embodiment 2

A kind of implantation methods of vegetables, comprise the following steps：

2) nursery：Nursery carries out nursery in booth with seedlings nursing plate, prepares seedling medium：The seedling medium each component is pressed Weight portion meter includes：70 parts of stalk, 35 parts of chicken manure, 20 parts of perlite, 8 parts of polyacrylamide, 2 parts of fixed nitrogen bacteria agent, green tea water 3 parts of extract, 2 parts of chlorophyll, 15 parts of sawdust, 3 parts of raw starch enzyme, 9 parts of sodium selenite, 2 parts of tealeaves alkaloid；

Its concrete preparation method is：Above-mentioned each component is well mixed, is added water quenched to water content 30%, piled up, inoculation Microbial fermentation inoculum, and perforate thereon, are covered so as to fully become thoroughly decomposed with plastic foil, and ferment 48h, when heap temperature rise is to 50 DEG C Beginning turning cooling, once a day, such as heap temperature is more than 65 DEG C, then adds time overturning, obtains seedling medium；

The microbial fermentation inoculum includes bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, trichobacteria, breast Sour bacterium, promise card actinomyces.

3) water and fertilizer management：After emerging, transplant into planting greenhouse, control booth relative humidity 60%, 35 DEG C of temperature；Transplant Before, booth soil is deep ploughed, base manure is used sufficient, and put earthworm in a suitable place to breed by 1000/mu；It is every to water within 2-3 days once after transplanting, Per topdressing within 7-10 days once, production promoting fertilizer is imposed；

The production promoting fertilizer includes the raw material of following weight portion：120 parts of stalk, 50 parts of sheep excrement, 30 parts of calcium superphosphate, urine 30 parts of element, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 30 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of polyacrylamide, 0.1 part of manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate 0.1 part, 0.1 part of borax, 3 parts of fulvic acid, 3 parts of sodium selenite, 5 parts of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 4 parts of bacillus subtilis.

4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The moth pests, and spray on plants source desinsection are catched and killed using pheromones sex attractant and black light lamp Liquid, the vegetable source pesticide liquid includes by weight following raw material：30 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 30 parts of kuh-seng, 15 parts of frutus cnidii, 10 parts of soapberry fruit, 5 parts of onion, 5 parts of garlic, 10 parts of Fructus meliae toosendan, 5 parts of thunder godvine, 12 parts of mulberry leaf, 3 parts of pepper.

Claims

1. a kind of implantation methods of vegetables, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

1) Seed Treatment：Vegetable seeds is put in clear water, in frequency is for the ultrasonic wave of 30KHz 30min is processed, will after draining Seed is sterilized with ultraviolet irradiation 20-30min, then is carried out disinfection with 12% trisodium phosphate solution immersion 4-8 minutes, juxtaposition The irradiation 3min in wavelength is for the He-Ne laser of 632.8nm, is finally dressed seed with Bacillus acidi lactici again；

2) nursery：Nursery carries out nursery in booth with seedlings nursing plate, prepares seedling medium：The seedling medium each component is by weight Part meter includes：Stalk 40-70 parts, animal wastes 20-35 parts, perlite 15-20 parts, polyacrylamide 5-8 parts, fixed nitrogen bacteria agent 0.5-2 parts, green tea water extract 1-3 parts, chlorophyll 0.5-2 parts, sawdust 10-15 parts, raw starch enzyme 1-3 parts, selenous acid Sodium 7-9 parts, tealeaves alkaloid 0.5-2 parts；

Its concrete preparation method is：Above-mentioned each component is well mixed, is added water quenched to water content 30%, piled up, be inoculated with micro- life Thing fermenting agent, and perforate thereon, are covered so as to fully become thoroughly decomposed with plastic foil, and ferment 36-48h, opens when heap temperature rise is to 50 DEG C Beginning turning is lowered the temperature, and once a day, such as heap temperature is more than 65 DEG C, then adds time overturning, obtains seedling medium；

3) water and fertilizer management：After emerging, transplant into planting greenhouse, control booth relative humidity 60-70%, temperature 25-35 DEG C；Move Before cultivation, booth soil is deep ploughed, use sufficient base manure, and earthworm is put in a suitable place to breed by 800-1000 bars/mu；It is every to water within 2-3 days after transplanting Once, per topdressing within 7-10 days once, production promoting fertilizer is imposed；

4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The moth pests, and spray on plants source desinsection liquid are catched and killed using pheromones sex attractant and black light lamp, The vegetable source pesticide liquid includes by weight following raw material：Dalmatian chrysanthemum 20-30 parts, kuh-seng 20-30 parts, frutus cnidii 10- 15 parts, soapberry fruit 5-10 part, onion 1-5 parts, garlic 1-5 parts, Fructus meliae toosendan 5-10 parts, thunder godvine 3-5 parts, mulberry leaf 10-12 parts, Pepper 1-3 parts.

2. implantation methods of vegetables according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the production promoting fertilizer includes following weight The raw material of part：Stalk 100-120 parts, sheep excrement 45-50 part, calcium superphosphate 10-30 parts, urea 10-30 parts, ammonium sulfate 10-20 parts, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10-30 parts, magnesium sulfate 5-10 parts, polyacrylamide 5-8 parts, manganese sulfate 0.01-0.1 parts, zinc sulfate 0.01- 0.1 part, borax 0.01-0.1 parts, fulvic acid 2-3 parts, sodium selenite 2-3 parts, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.5-5 parts, bacillus subtilis 3-4 Part.

3. implantation methods of vegetables according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) described in microbial fermentation inoculum Including bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, trichobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, promise card actinomyces.

4. implantation methods of vegetables according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) described in animal wastes be sheep One kind in excrement, chicken manure, pig manure.