CN103583346A - Soilless cultivation method for citrus bergamot - Google Patents

Soilless cultivation method for citrus bergamot Download PDF

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CN103583346A
CN103583346A CN201310600209.7A CN201310600209A CN103583346A CN 103583346 A CN103583346 A CN 103583346A CN 201310600209 A CN201310600209 A CN 201310600209A CN 103583346 A CN103583346 A CN 103583346A
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water
matrix
days
stalk
watering
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章谦
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SUZHOU WEIDENG AGRICULTURE Co Ltd
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SUZHOU WEIDENG AGRICULTURE Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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Abstract

The invention discloses a soilless cultivation method for citrus bergamot. The method includes the steps of substrate selecting, fermenting, sterilizing, watering, fertilizing and others. The soilless cultivation method can enable the number of flowering branches of the citrus bergamot to be increased, the number of fruits is increased, the retention time of the fruits on the branches is prolonged, and therefore viewing time is prolonged, and the yield is also increased substantially.

Description

A kind of soilless culture method of gold bergamot
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of culture technique field, be specifically related to a kind of soilless culture method of gold bergamot.
Background technology
Gold bergamot has very high ornamental value, and the ornamental value of gold bergamot is different from general bonsai flower, and Buddha's hand flower is pure white, with fragrance striking the nose, and cluster cluster is open, very lovable.To the fructescence, its shape is overlapped hand shape just as stretching finger-type, in the shape of clenching fist, fist finger-type, hand ... shape is as staff, remarkably true to life.Ripe gold bergamot color is golden yellow, and can overflow constantly fragrance.Fruit-growing time is long, has 3-4 month, even longer, can be for viewing and admiring for a long time, and its fruit is edible, and delicious flavour.
Conventional cultivation gold bergamot need to be longer time just can reach best viewing period, utilize soilless culture to shorten vegetative period, Blooming result.Soilless culture gold bergamot is a kind of culture technique of new Success in Experiment in recent years, use natural substrates to replace soil as rock wool, perlite etc. as crushing straw, sawdust, the peat composed of rotten mosses, peat, sand etc. or artificial substratum, even do not use any matrix, use nutrient solution directly to soak, spray plant root, be referred to as again nutrient fluid cultivation.Soilless culture gold bergamot can depart from soil completely, compares with traditional soil cultivation, has obvious advantage, has very tempting wide development prospect.At present also fewer for the research of gold bergamot soilless culture, and for the selection of soilless culture substrate also imperfection.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of soilless culture method of gold bergamot, the method can shorten production cycle, extend the fruiting period of gold bergamot, thereby improve its ornamental value, and a kind of matrix matching with soilless culture gold bergamot is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of soilless culture method of gold bergamot, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation of matrix: first, by rice straw chopping, length is less than 4 centimetres, by straw 300-400 part, cotton seed hulls 400-500 part, peanut hull meal 350-450 part mixed processing, then uses water infiltration standby; Add again cow dung 80-100 part, at rice straw, pile rotten the last week, with the blending of straw decomposing bacterium, straw decomposing bacterium is expanded in cow dung numerous; And then add urea 20-30 part, ammonium hydrogencarbonate 35-50 part, gypsum 20-35 part, perlite 40-60 part, and 2 meters of the bottom width of stalk heap, length is not limit.The organic substrate of every paving 15 cm thicks, spreads one deck and is mixed with the cow dung of straw decomposing bacterium and urea, ammonium hydrogencarbonate, gypsum, perlite, if the water that stalk infiltrates is not enough, spray again appropriate water, with the hand-tight stalk of holding, between webs, have water to be extruded as degree, plastic covering film, reduces moisture evaporation in heap.After 2~3 days, in heap, temperature can reach more than 70 ℃, about 15 days, carry out turning, the stalk at position, edge is ploughed under to heap centre, stalk and cow dung are further mixed, if stalk is dry, can keep the skin wet in right amount, fermentation process 10-15 days, when the C/N of matrix ratio is between 30~40, can be used as the matrix use of soilless culture again;
(2) disinfecting of matrix: before matrix is used, first carry out disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate that mass content is 2-4%, and then sterilize by 38% formalin;
(3) selection of gold bergamot plant and transplanting: select robust growth, disease-free annual plant to transplant, with root-inducing powder rapid soaking gold bergamot shoot root portion, be transplanted in the pottery pot that back cut diameter is greater than 30cm, root is put on basin mesostroma, managed fibrous root, matrix wants layering to put, and the tree that makes matrix fully insert Buddha's hand is between space, and after planting, matrix is from the flowerpot mouth 7-9cm of place;
(4) pot water is processed: after go up basin, water, first on just, water the water of foot 100% during complete basin, prevent that firm gold bergamot water deficit in a plant of having transplanted is fading; The frequency of watering of cultivating 20-46d after upper basin is that water content of substrate drops to 65.22% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 46-75d is that water content of substrate drops to 67.83% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 75-98d is that water content of substrate drops to 69.31% and waters, the cultivation 98d later frequency of watering is that water content of substrate drops to 71.37% and waters, it is 350ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, the frequency of watering be every four days once;
(5) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 5-10 days every basins impose the 500-600g night soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed before blooming, and 6-12 days every basins impose phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 200-300g and Chicken dung 200-250g before bearing fruit, and 55-65 days every basins impose decomposed cow dung 200-300g after bearing fruit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) than routine soil, plant Buddha's hand 1 annual bearing ahead of time, product profit is very high, is 2-4 times that conventional earth culture Buddha's hand is worth, and yield per unit area is high, is the 2-3 output of conventional earth culture Buddha's hand potted landscape.
(2) fruiting period extends, and than soil, plants the long 3-4 of gold bergamot fruiting period month.
(3) potted plant gold bergamot is convenient to transportation and is carried.
(4) matrix in the present invention can effectively improve the output of gold bergamot.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made to more explicit defining.
Embodiment 1
A soilless culture method for gold bergamot, comprises the following steps:
The fermentation of matrix: first, by rice straw chopping, length is less than 4 centimetres, by 300 parts of straw, 400 parts of cotton seed hullss, 350 parts of mixed processing of peanut hull meal, then uses water infiltration standby; Add again 80 parts of cow dungs, at rice straw, pile rotten the last week, with the blending of straw decomposing bacterium, straw decomposing bacterium is expanded in cow dung numerous; And then add 20 parts, urea, 35 parts of ammonium hydrogencarbonates, 20 parts, gypsum, 40 parts of perlites, and 2 meters of the bottom width of stalk heap, length is not limit.The organic substrate of every paving 15 cm thicks, spreads one deck and is mixed with the cow dung of straw decomposing bacterium and urea, ammonium hydrogencarbonate, gypsum, perlite, if the water that stalk infiltrates is not enough, spray again appropriate water, with the hand-tight stalk of holding, between webs, have water to be extruded as degree, plastic covering film, reduces moisture evaporation in heap.After 2~3 days, in heap, temperature can reach more than 70 ℃, about 15 days, carry out turning, the stalk at position, edge is ploughed under to heap centre, stalk and cow dung are further mixed, if stalk is dry, can keep the skin wet in right amount, fermentation process is 10 days again, and when the C/N of matrix ratio is between 30~40, the matrix that can be used as soilless culture is used;
Disinfecting of matrix: before matrix is used, first carry out disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate that mass content is 2%, and then sterilize by 38% formalin;
The selection of gold bergamot plant and transplanting: select robust growth, disease-free annual plant to transplant,
With root-inducing powder rapid soaking gold bergamot shoot root portion, be transplanted in the pottery pot that back cut diameter is greater than 30cm, root is put on basin mesostroma, managed fibrous root, matrix wants layering to put, and the tree that makes matrix fully insert Buddha's hand is between space, and after planting, matrix is from the flowerpot mouth 7-9cm of place;
Pot water is processed: after go up basin, water, first on just, water the water of foot 100% during complete basin, prevent that firm gold bergamot water deficit in a plant of having transplanted is fading; The frequency of watering of cultivating 20-46d after upper basin is that water content of substrate drops to 65.22% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 46-75d is that water content of substrate drops to 67.83% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 75-98d is that water content of substrate drops to 69.31% and waters, the cultivation 98d later frequency of watering is that water content of substrate drops to 71.37% and waters, and it is 350ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn;
Potted plant fertilizer treatment: 5 days every basins impose the 500g night soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed before blooming, and 6 days every basins impose phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 200g and Chicken dung 200g before bearing fruit, and 55 days every basins impose decomposed cow dung 200g after bearing fruit.
Embodiment 2
A soilless culture method for gold bergamot, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation of matrix: first, by rice straw chopping, length is less than 4 centimetres, by 350 parts of straw, 450 parts of cotton seed hullss, 400 parts of mixed processing of peanut hull meal, then uses water infiltration standby; Add again 90 parts of cow dungs, at rice straw, pile rotten the last week, with the blending of straw decomposing bacterium, straw decomposing bacterium is expanded in cow dung numerous; And then add 205 parts, urea, 40 parts of ammonium hydrogencarbonates, 28 parts, gypsum, 50 parts of perlites, and 2 meters of the bottom width of stalk heap, length is not limit.The organic substrate of every paving 15 cm thicks, spreads one deck and is mixed with the cow dung of straw decomposing bacterium and urea, ammonium hydrogencarbonate, gypsum, perlite, if the water that stalk infiltrates is not enough, spray again appropriate water, with the hand-tight stalk of holding, between webs, have water to be extruded as degree, plastic covering film, reduces moisture evaporation in heap.After 2~3 days, in heap, temperature can reach more than 70 ℃, about 15 days, carry out turning, the stalk at position, edge is ploughed under to heap centre, stalk and cow dung are further mixed, if stalk is dry, can keep the skin wet in right amount, fermentation process 10-15 days, when the C/N of matrix ratio is between 30~40, can be used as the matrix use of soilless culture again;
(2) disinfecting of matrix: before matrix is used, first carry out disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate that mass content is 3%, and then sterilize by 38% formalin;
(3) selection of gold bergamot plant and transplanting: select robust growth, disease-free annual plant to transplant, with root-inducing powder rapid soaking gold bergamot shoot root portion, be transplanted in the pottery pot that back cut diameter is greater than 30cm, root is put on basin mesostroma, managed fibrous root, matrix wants layering to put, and the tree that makes matrix fully insert Buddha's hand is between space, and after planting, matrix is from the flowerpot mouth 7-9cm of place;
(4) pot water is processed: after go up basin, water, first on just, water the water of foot 100% during complete basin, prevent that firm gold bergamot water deficit in a plant of having transplanted is fading; The frequency of watering of cultivating 20-46d after upper basin is that water content of substrate drops to 65.22% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 46-75d is that water content of substrate drops to 67.83% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 75-98d is that water content of substrate drops to 69.31% and waters, the cultivation 98d later frequency of watering is that water content of substrate drops to 71.37% and waters, it is 350ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn, the frequency of watering be every four days once;
(5) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 8 days every basins impose the 550g night soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed before blooming, and 8 days every basins impose phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 250g and Chicken dung 220g before bearing fruit, and 60 days every basins impose decomposed cow dung 250g after bearing fruit.
Embodiment 3
A soilless culture method for gold bergamot, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation of matrix: first, by rice straw chopping, length is less than 4 centimetres, by 400 parts of straw, 500 parts of cotton seed hullss, 450 parts of mixed processing of peanut hull meal, then uses water infiltration standby; Add again 100 parts of cow dungs, at rice straw, pile rotten the last week, with the blending of straw decomposing bacterium, straw decomposing bacterium is expanded in cow dung numerous; And then add 30 parts, urea, 50 parts of ammonium hydrogencarbonates, 35 parts, gypsum, 60 parts of perlites, and 2 meters of the bottom width of stalk heap, length is not limit.The organic substrate of every paving 15 cm thicks, spreads one deck and is mixed with the cow dung of straw decomposing bacterium and urea, ammonium hydrogencarbonate, gypsum, perlite, if the water that stalk infiltrates is not enough, spray again appropriate water, with the hand-tight stalk of holding, between webs, have water to be extruded as degree, plastic covering film, reduces moisture evaporation in heap.After 2~3 days, in heap, temperature can reach more than 70 ℃, about 15 days, carry out turning, the stalk at position, edge is ploughed under to heap centre, stalk and cow dung are further mixed, if stalk is dry, can keep the skin wet in right amount, fermentation process 10-15 days, when the C/N of matrix ratio is between 30~40, can be used as the matrix use of soilless culture again;
(2) disinfecting of matrix: before matrix is used, first carry out disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate that mass content is 4%, and then sterilize by 38% formalin;
(3) selection of gold bergamot plant and transplanting: select robust growth, disease-free annual plant to transplant, with root-inducing powder rapid soaking gold bergamot shoot root portion, be transplanted in the pottery pot that back cut diameter is greater than 30cm, root is put on basin mesostroma, managed fibrous root, matrix wants layering to put, and the tree that makes matrix fully insert Buddha's hand is between space, and after planting, matrix is from the flowerpot mouth 7-9cm of place;
(4) pot water is processed: after go up basin, water, first on just, water the water of foot 100% during complete basin, prevent that firm gold bergamot water deficit in a plant of having transplanted is fading; The frequency of watering of cultivating 20-46d after upper basin is that water content of substrate drops to 65.22% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 46-75d is that water content of substrate drops to 67.83% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 75-98d is that water content of substrate drops to 69.31% and waters, the cultivation 98d later frequency of watering is that water content of substrate drops to 71.37% and waters, and it is 350ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn; The frequency of watering be every four days once;
(5) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 10 days every basins impose the 600g night soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed before blooming, and 12 days every basins impose phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 300g and Chicken dung 250g before bearing fruit, and 65 days every basins impose decomposed cow dung 300g after bearing fruit.
The potted plant cultivation method of conventional gold bergamot (CK) and gold bergamot soilless culture method of the present invention are compared, the results are shown in Table 1:
The impact that table 1 soilless culture is grown on gold bergamot
Process Spray is counted increasing rate (%) Fruiting period rate elongation (%) Fruit number increasing rate (%) Individual plant fruit gross weight increasing rate (%)
Embodiment 1 40 61 30 56
Embodiment 2 45 64 32 58
Embodiment 3 42 60 31 54
As can be seen from Table 1, the soilless culture method in the present invention can make the spray number of gold bergamot increase, and result number increases, and the RT prolongation of fruit on branch, thereby makes to view and admire time lengthening, and output also has significantly increase.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a soilless culture method for gold bergamot, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) fermentation of matrix: first, by rice straw chopping, length is less than 4 centimetres, by straw 300-400 part, cotton seed hulls 400-500 part, peanut hull meal 350-450 part mixed processing, then uses water infiltration standby, add again cow dung 80-100 part, at rice straw, pile rotten the last week, with the blending of straw decomposing bacterium, straw decomposing bacterium is expanded in cow dung numerous, and then add urea 20-30 part, ammonium hydrogencarbonate 35-50 part, gypsum 20-35 part, perlite 40-60 part, 2 meters of the bottom width of stalk heap, length is not limit, the organic substrate of every paving 15 cm thicks, spread cow dung and urea that one deck is mixed with straw decomposing bacterium, ammonium hydrogencarbonate, gypsum, perlite, if the water that stalk infiltrates is not enough, spray again appropriate water, with with the hand-tight stalk of holding, between webs, there is water to be extruded as degree, plastic covering film, reduce moisture evaporation in heap, after 2~3 days, in heap, temperature can reach more than 70 ℃, about 15 days, carry out turning, the stalk at position, edge is ploughed under to heap centre, stalk and cow dung are further mixed, if stalk is dry, can keep the skin wet in right amount, fermentation process 10-15 days again, when the C/N of matrix ratio is between 30~40, the matrix that can be used as soilless culture is used,
(2) disinfecting of matrix: before matrix is used, first carry out disinfection with the liquor potassic permanganate that mass content is 2-4%, and then sterilize by 38% formalin;
(3) selection of gold bergamot plant and transplanting: select robust growth, disease-free annual plant to transplant,
With root-inducing powder rapid soaking gold bergamot shoot root portion, be transplanted in the pottery pot that back cut diameter is greater than 30cm, root is put on basin mesostroma, managed fibrous root, matrix wants layering to put, and the tree that makes matrix fully insert Buddha's hand is between space, and after planting, matrix is from the flowerpot mouth 7-9cm of place;
(4) pot water is processed: after go up basin, water, first on just, water the water of foot 100% during complete basin, prevent that firm gold bergamot water deficit in a plant of having transplanted is fading; The frequency of watering of cultivating 20-46d after upper basin is that water content of substrate drops to 65.22% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 46-75d is that water content of substrate drops to 67.83% and waters, the frequency of watering of cultivation 75-98d is that water content of substrate drops to 69.31% and waters, the cultivation 98d later frequency of watering is that water content of substrate drops to 71.37% and waters, it is 350ml that every basin waters the water yield at every turn
The frequency of watering be every four days once;
(5) potted plant fertilizer treatment: 5-10 days every basins impose the 500-600g night soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed before blooming, and 6-12 days every basins impose phosphoric acid potash fertilizer 200-300g and Chicken dung 200-250g before bearing fruit, and 55-65 days every basins impose decomposed cow dung 200-300g after bearing fruit.
CN201310600209.7A 2013-11-25 2013-11-25 Soilless cultivation method for citrus bergamot Pending CN103583346A (en)

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CN104584996A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-05-06 陈程 Soilless culture substrate with organic manganese and preparation method thereof
CN106278481A (en) * 2016-08-23 2017-01-04 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 A kind of soilless culture Capsicum annuum L. dedicated substrate
CN106305202A (en) * 2016-08-19 2017-01-11 夏杨江 Light-weight potting medium of fingered citron
CN107432241A (en) * 2017-08-18 2017-12-05 平潭诚信智创科技有限公司 A kind of method of the soilless culture of vegetables
CN111053016A (en) * 2018-10-16 2020-04-24 刘丰恺 Method for producing seedling raising matrix by using straws and straw ash
CN111602589A (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-09-01 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 Soilless moisture-retention weed-prevention breeding method for fingered citron seedlings

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104584996A (en) * 2014-12-11 2015-05-06 陈程 Soilless culture substrate with organic manganese and preparation method thereof
CN106305202A (en) * 2016-08-19 2017-01-11 夏杨江 Light-weight potting medium of fingered citron
CN106278481A (en) * 2016-08-23 2017-01-04 柳州市欧亚农业发展有限公司 A kind of soilless culture Capsicum annuum L. dedicated substrate
CN107432241A (en) * 2017-08-18 2017-12-05 平潭诚信智创科技有限公司 A kind of method of the soilless culture of vegetables
CN111053016A (en) * 2018-10-16 2020-04-24 刘丰恺 Method for producing seedling raising matrix by using straws and straw ash
CN111602589A (en) * 2020-06-16 2020-09-01 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 Soilless moisture-retention weed-prevention breeding method for fingered citron seedlings
CN111602589B (en) * 2020-06-16 2021-12-17 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 Soilless moisture-retention weed-prevention breeding method for fingered citron seedlings

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Application publication date: 20140219