CN103573828B - 挡油环 - Google Patents

挡油环 Download PDF

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CN103573828B
CN103573828B CN201310339605.9A CN201310339605A CN103573828B CN 103573828 B CN103573828 B CN 103573828B CN 201310339605 A CN201310339605 A CN 201310339605A CN 103573828 B CN103573828 B CN 103573828B
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ring
flinger
retaining
bearing
retaining wall
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CN103573828A (zh
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迪尔克·西贝尔
托马斯·施托伊贝勒
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Flanders Industries Ltd
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Siemens AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/664Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B21/00Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
    • F16B21/06Releasable fastening devices with snap-action
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P19/00Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B23P19/04Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for assembling or disassembling parts
    • B23P19/08Machines for placing washers, circlips, or the like on bolts or other members
    • B23P19/084Machines for placing washers, circlips, or the like on bolts or other members for placing resilient or flexible rings, e.g. O-rings, circlips
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B21/00Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
    • F16B21/10Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts
    • F16B21/16Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft
    • F16B21/18Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft with circlips or like resilient retaining devices, i.e. resilient in the plane of the ring or the like; Details
    • F16B21/186Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft with circlips or like resilient retaining devices, i.e. resilient in the plane of the ring or the like; Details external, i.e. with contracting action
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/162Special parts or details relating to lubrication or cooling of the sealing itself
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/324Arrangements for lubrication or cooling of the sealing itself
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/65Gear shifting, change speed gear, gear box
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/042Housings for rolling element bearings for rotary movement
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49815Disassembling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种将油挡在轴承中的挡油环(1),具有内锁紧环形式的保持环(7),和安装于保持环(7)内圆周(71)上的挡体(17),包括外侧挡壁(11)和沿着作为预断裂位置的凹槽(12)与外侧挡壁(11)连接的内侧挡壁(9)。

Description

挡油环
技术领域
本发明涉及一种挡油环,一种具有挡油环的机器以及挡油环的应用。
背景技术
在传动轴或发动机轴的迷宫式密封装置中,必须保证布置在轴承孔中的轴承得到了充分地供油和/或可以滚上油,该轴承位于油底壳中的油位上方。为了连续润滑,有必要在轴承孔的内侧形成阻挡边缘,可以将油挡在阻挡边缘后面。
为了将油挡在轴承中,众所周知的是挡板,该挡板形成阻挡,并将油收集到所述阻挡后面。例如,在2013年04月03日的EP2574826A1(GKNDriveline)中描述了一种挡油环12,在2002年11月05日的US6474444B1(JatcoTranstechnology)中描述了一种作为挡油坝起作用的滚动环15的内边缘。通常因为传动装置或发动机的结构尺寸可以利用不同轴直径得到运行,因此,阻挡边缘的水平必须与相应的轴直径相适应。由此一系列挡板的各个结构尺寸有必要用于不同的轴直径。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,实现一种将油挡在轴承中的更好的可能性。
本发明的目的是通过一种挡油环将油挡在轴承中而实现,具有内部锁紧环形式的保持环和安装在保持环的内圆周上的挡体,包括外侧挡壁和沿着用作预断裂位置的凹槽与外侧挡壁的内侧挡壁。
外侧挡壁相对于保持环的中心点位于比内侧挡壁径向更外侧的位置。
在DIN472中对锁紧环进行了定义。内部锁紧环是一种以敞开的弹簧环形式的机器元件,该机器元件可以防止孔中松动安装的环、毂等发生轴向移动。内部锁紧环具有内部布置有孔或洞的指向内的环端部。可以将钳子的尖端伸到孔或洞中。在安装过程中,可以利用钳子使环端部这样张开,即槽中的锁紧环能够弹入孔中,即所谓的孔槽中。
通过由至少两个集成的阻挡边缘的特殊的外轮廓设计,出现了一种覆盖多个不同轴直径的形式。由于作为基体起作用的保持环的设计方案,作为锁紧环能利用安装钳、特别是锁紧环钳进行简单安装。由于预定的预断裂位置,可以使对不同轴直径的适应变得简单。如果由于选定的传动比,需要将轴直径扩大,那么在安装挡油环之前,应该将挡体的非必要的元件移除,即,一个或多个挡壁。由于挡油环可简单变化的形式-关键词:“twoinone”-变速箱中必要的部件多样性的减少是非常重要的。
根据本发明的一个优选的设计方案,挡体布置在内圆周的与保持环的环状开口相对布置的区域中。挡体在主定向方向上的定向使挡油环确定地插入孔槽中变得简单,而且可以使轴承中保持确定的油位情况。
根据本发明的一个优选的改进方案,保持环在至少一个位于环开口和挡体之间的区域中呈直线延伸。侧面的展平可以改善挡油环的可装配性。
根据本发明的一个优选的改进方案,在保持环的侧壁处布置有楔。由此,可以实现的是,只能在预定的定向上将环安装在孔槽中。在环插入孔槽的过程中,可以通过作为扭转止动器起作用的楔防止该环不期望的扭转。优选地在保持环的两个端部处各设计有楔。
根据本发明的一个优选改进方案,挡油环由塑料制成。由此,就可以降低材料成本,并且使挡油环的制造例如通过压铸方法变得简单。但是,同样也可能的是,该挡油环可以由一种其它的耐油材料制成,例如由金属制成。
此外,前述目的是由一种机器、特别是传动装置或者发动机,利用布置在轴承孔中的主轴或轮轴轴承(Wellen-oderAchsenlager)实现的,其中,挡油环布置在轴承孔的孔槽中。
此外,前面给出的目的是通过挡油环的应用,如上文定义,将油挡在轴承中实现的。
根据本发明的一个优选的改进方案,该应用包括将挡壁沿着用作预断裂位置的凹槽移除。由此可见,预断裂位置用于挡油环对不同轴直径的适配。
根据本发明的一个优选的改进方案,该应用包括利用锁紧环钳或者其它止动环钳对挡油环进行安装和/或拆卸,其中,钳子可以啮合入布置在环的环端部的孔中。
附图说明
通过实施例的下列描述,可以更加清楚和明确地理解本发明的前述特点、特征和优势以及如何实现这些的方法和方式,根据附图对实施例进行了进一步解释。附图分别示意性地并且非按比例地示出。
图1是根据本发明的挡油环的基本结构;
图2-5是挡油环优选的实施例的视图和截面图;
图6是传动装置中轴承的截面图;
图7是对于第一轴承直径而言插入到孔槽中的挡油环的视图;和
图8对于第二轴承直径而言插入到孔槽中的挡油环的视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出的是根据本发明的挡油环1的基本结构。挡油环1包括以内部锁紧环、即在环开口30区域内敞开的、具有指向内的环端部3的弹簧环形式的扁平的保持环7。此外,挡油环1还包括挡体17,该挡体包括内侧挡壁9和外侧挡壁11。挡体17直接布置在保持环7的内圆周71上,优选地在内圆周71区域内,相对于环中心31,该挡体与位于环端部3之间的环开口30是相对布置的。挡体17与保持环7的连接是液体密封的。
另外,还有一种可能是,挡体17包括两个以上挡壁9,11。在此,每个挡壁9,11都可以从位于径向更外侧的挡壁上分离开,使得保持环7敞开的内表面就可以变大。为了以一种确定的方式和方法能将挡壁9,11移除,在两个彼此相邻的挡壁9,11之间的接触位置上,挡体17具有起到预断裂位置作用的变薄材料件(Materialverduennung)12。
图2示出挡油环1的一个优选的实施例。挡油环1包括以锁紧环形式的保持环7。在保持环7的朝向环中心31弯曲的环端部3中例如通过钻孔形成孔2。孔2的轴线基本上平行于环轴线延伸。孔2位于基圆13上,该基圆13规定了保持环7在半环中的走向,该半环与敞开的保持环7的环开口30相对布置。与敞开的保持环7的环开口30相对地,外侧挡壁11直接连接保持环7。对于远离环中心31的外侧挡壁,内侧挡壁9与外侧挡壁11连接。
如果挡油环1用于传动装置的轴承孔中,内侧挡壁9的朝向环中心31的外侧边缘8用作上部挡油边缘。如果挡油环1用于传动装置的轴承孔中,外侧挡壁11的朝向环中心31的外侧边缘10用作下部挡油边缘。根据期望的油位或者轴承直径,可以将一个或多个挡壁9,11从挡油环1中移除,例如利用手动或工具,如钳子,将挡壁9,11拆除。
保持环5有被削平的侧面6。这样可以简化轴承孔中挡油环的安装。
图3示出的是图2中示出的挡油环1沿着截面轴线III的截面图。可以看出的是,挡体17设计得比保持环7薄。在保持环7的两个位于直线延伸的侧面6和环端部3之间的区域内,保持环7的侧壁各具有一个楔形隆起4。这可以用于防止旋转;因此,挡油环1只能在一个定向上装入孔槽中。
图4示出的是图2中示出的挡油环1沿着截面轴线VI的截面图。这个截面图示出楔形隆起4,其布置在保持环7的侧壁5处。
图5示出的是图3中标记区域V的放大图。放大细节通过图示示出预断裂位置12的区域内挡壁17厚度的减小。厚度的减小设计为挡壁17每个侧壁上的凹槽的形式。
图6示出穿过传动装置轴承的截面图。在传动装置壳体18的轴承孔21中插入轴承,包括轴承外环16、轴承内环14和布置在中间的辊15。在轴承的面对传动装置内侧的一侧上,根据本发明的挡油环1插入矩形孔槽28中。在轴承的面对传动装置内侧的一侧上布置有传统的外侧挡油环22,例如,具有至少一个适用于导油的金属挡油环。
在传动装置壳体18的外侧上安装有轴承盖20。在轴承盖20中和外侧挡油环22的外侧上布置有容纳轴套26,在该容纳轴套中插入了迷宫式密封环24。该迷宫式密封环24将环绕着图6中未示出的轴的环形间隙进行密封,使得相对于传动装置周围环境传动装置内部空间被密封。因此,就可以防止油从传动装置中泄露出来。
图7从传动装置内部出来示出图6中示出的挡油环1的视图,该挡油环与具有第一直径的轴相匹配。挡油环1插入孔槽中。具有用于安装孔的环端部3通过轴承内环14,向轴承内环14的轴线突出。在未示出的具有第一个直径的轴下方,该轴可以安装在轴承内环14中,这样就可以识别出内侧挡壁的阻挡边缘8,借助凹槽12,该内侧挡壁就可以与挡体的外侧挡壁11连接。
图8示出的是与图7所示出的图6中示出的挡油环1从传动装置内部出来的对比视图,其中,挡油环1与具有第二直径的轴相匹配,该第二直径大于根据图7的第一直径。为了匹配较大的轴承直径,不仅使用具有较大的内侧直径的轴承内环14,而且挡体的内侧挡壁也从挡油环1上移除。通过这种方式,所处位置低于图7中示出的内侧挡油边缘8的外侧挡油边缘10用于将油挡住。
尽管通过优选的实施例对本发明进行了进一步地详细说明和描述,但是本发明并不限于所公开的实施例,并且在不脱离本发明保护范围的情况下,技术人员可以从中推导出其它变体。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于将油挡在轴承(14,15,16)中的挡油环(1),具有
-内部锁紧环形式的保持环(7),和
-安装在所述保持环(7)的内圆周(71)上的挡体(17),包括外侧挡壁(11)和沿着用作预断裂位置的凹槽(12)与所述外侧挡壁(11)连接的内侧挡壁(9)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的挡油环(1),其中,所述挡体(17)布置在所述内圆周(71)的与所述保持环(7)的环开口(30)相对布置的区域中。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的挡油环(1),其中,所述保持环(7)在至少一个位于所述保持环(7)的环开口(30)和所述挡体(17)之间的区域(6)中呈直线延伸。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的挡油环(1),其中,在所述保持环(7)的侧壁(5)处布置有楔(4)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的挡油环(1),其中,所述挡油环(1)由塑料制成。
6.一种机器,具有布置在所述机器的轴承孔(21)内的轴承(14,15,16),其中,根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的挡油环(1)布置在所述轴承孔(21)的孔槽(28)内。
7.一种根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的挡油环(1)的应用,用于将油挡在轴承(14,15,16)中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,包括将内侧挡壁沿着用作所述预断裂位置的所述凹槽(12)移除。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的应用,包括利用锁紧环钳对所述挡油环(1)进行安装和/或拆卸。
CN201310339605.9A 2012-08-08 2013-08-06 挡油环 Expired - Fee Related CN103573828B (zh)

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EP2696088A1 (de) 2014-02-12
US9051957B2 (en) 2015-06-09

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