CN103570472A - Leafy vegetable culture liquor in micro agriculture - Google Patents
Leafy vegetable culture liquor in micro agriculture Download PDFInfo
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- CN103570472A CN103570472A CN201310551058.0A CN201310551058A CN103570472A CN 103570472 A CN103570472 A CN 103570472A CN 201310551058 A CN201310551058 A CN 201310551058A CN 103570472 A CN103570472 A CN 103570472A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a culture liquor and particularly relates to a leaf vegetable culture liquor in micro agriculture. The leaf vegetable culture liquor comprises macroelements and microelements, wherein the macroelements comprise the following components in percentage by weight volume: 900mg/L-970mg/L of Ca(NO3)2.4H2O, 780 mg/L-820 mg/L of KNO3, 130mg/L-180mg/L of NH4H2PO4, 460mg/L-520mg/L of MgSO4.7H2O; the microelements comprise the following components in percentage by weight volume: 11mg/L-15mg/L of FeSO4.7H2O, 1.5mg/L-1.8mg/L of MnSO4.H2O, 2mg/L-2.3mg/L of MnSO4.4H2O, 2.55mg/L-2.98mg/L of H3BO3, 0.2mg/L-0.25mg/L of ZnSO4.7H2O, 0.05mg/L-0.09mg/L of CuSO4.5H2O, 0.01mg/L-0.03mg/L of NaMoO4.2H2O, 15mg/L-19mg/L of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium trihydrate, 18mg/L-22mg/L of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ferric sodium salt trihydrate, 15mg/L-30mg/L of bamboo vinegar, 3mg/L-8mg/L of chitosan oligosaccharide and 4mg/L-9mg/L of bean pulp. According to the culture liquor, the leafy vegetable culture liquor containing the macroelements and the microelements is synthesized by adopting special components according to a special ratio, is low in cost, has the clean and environment-friendly effects, and a good effect on the cultivation or growth of common plants, vegetables or flowers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nutrient solution, relate in particular to a kind of micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution.
Background technology
Be accompanied by the fast development in city, along with improving constantly of people's living standard, with people for rural area, rural area and green food, do not spray insecticide, do not go up chemical fertilizer, do not use the tight demand of the agricultural-food of hormone, city resident, for the demand of rural area yearning and green food, makes them to micro-agricultural, have very large demand.With respect to rural area, many at urban development modern agriculture restricted condition.So a lot of city residents just on balcony planting vegetable melon and fruit on idle soil in planting vegetable melon and fruit and urban cells, also have on the high building in city, roofs etc. are the place of spaciousness relatively.
CN101983953B (2013-6-12) discloses a kind of nutrient solution for cultivating exacum affine, yet this nutrient solution is unsuitable for other plant, vegetables or flowers, and quality need to improve.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide that a kind of cost is little, micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution of clean environment firendly.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
Agricultural is used a leaf vegetables nutrient solution, and it comprises macroelement and trace element, and described macroelement comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 900-970 mg/L, KNO
3780-820 mg/L, NH
4h
2pO
4130-180 mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 460-520 mg/L; Described trace element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: FeSO
47H
2o 11-15 mg/L, MnSO
4h
2o 1.5-1.8 mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 2-2.3 mg/L, H
3bO
32.55-2.98 mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.2-0.25 mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.05-0.09 mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 0.01-0.03 mg/L, three water disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 15-19 mg/L, three water Sytron 18-22 mg/L, bamboo vinegar liquid 15-30 mg/L, oligochitosan 3-8mg/L, dregs of beans 4-9mg/L.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, adopt special component and ratio to fit in the leaf vegetables nutrient solution that comprises trace element and macroelement, cost is little, and clean environment firendly has good action to the cultivation of leaf vegetables or growth;
2, adopt bamboo vinegar liquid, there is the good function that de-tastes, make urban family when plantation leaf vegetables plant, avoid producing peculiar smell, clean environment firendly; In bamboo vinegar liquid, contain multiple amino acids simultaneously, in output, improved product quality and nutrition; In addition, bamboo vinegar liquid itself has hypertonicity and bacteria resistance function, very effective to the pest effect of leaf vegetables; Oligochitosan also has the function that hinders pathogenic bacteria growth and breeding, can promote cell activation, and oligochitosan and bamboo vinegar liquid are combined and used in to be convenient to store when preventing that effect from reducing and each component of nutrient solution is brought into play synergistic function.
As preferably, the pH of described nutritive medium is 6.5-6.8
Form weakly acidic matrix, nutritive ingredient is high, and micro-ratio is suitable, can prevent that the nutritive ingredient of vegetable melon and fruit class from reducing loss.
As preferably, in described nutritive medium, also comprise moderate-element, described moderate-element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: the crystalline mother solution that plant powdered carbon 20-50 mg/L, bone meal 40-60 mg/L, 15-40 mg/L contain 15-25% Avrmectin.Advantage of the present invention is:
1. adopt plant powdered carbon and, there is the good function that de-tastes, make urban family when the plants such as planting vegetable, avoid producing peculiar smell, clean environment firendly; 2. in proportioning, add the crystalline mother solution of Avrmectin, can alleviate prior art Avrmectin crystalline mother solution activeconstituents and be difficult to the problem of utilizing, promote environmental safety demand;
3. bamboo vinegar liquid itself has hypertonicity and bacteria resistance function, by proportioning of the present invention, make the crystalline mother solution performance permeable synergistic effect of bamboo vinegar liquid, plant charcoal and Avrmectin, can impel active ingredient in Avrmectin crystalline mother solution to play a role, increase the pest effect of special culture solution of the present invention; Be convenient to store each component performance synergistic function that prevents from making when effect from reducing special culture solution.
As preferably, described macroelement comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 945 mg/L, KNO
3809 mg/L, NH
4h
2pO
4153mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 493 mg/L; Described trace element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: FeSO
47H
2o 13.21 mg/L, MnSO
4h
2o 1.61 mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 2.13mg/L, H
3bO
32.86 mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.22 mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.08 mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 0.02mg/L, three water disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 17.67 mg/L, three water Sytron 20mg/L, bamboo vinegar liquid 22 mg/L, oligochitosan 5mg/L, dregs of beans 6mg/L.
As preferably, the preparation method of described bamboo vinegar liquid adds from top through blocking to split broken and bamboo preliminarily dried in vertical moving-bed, bamboo relies on gravity to move down gradually, experience successively ,Yu char zone, drying zone, char zone, calcining zone and cooling zone, the pyrolysis gas that char zone produces is dried bamboo and reaches carbonization temperature in drying zone and bamboo adverse current or cross-flow from bottom to top, pyrolysis gas is discharged and is entered bamboo vinegar liquid condenser from top, condensation obtains bamboo vinegar liquid, then gained bamboo vinegar liquid is removed to bamboo tar standby.
Adopt present method to prepare bamboo vinegar liquid, yield is high, and availability is high.
As preferably, described plant powdered carbon is that plant charcoal is pulverized and obtained, and particle diameter is 3000-5000 order, and described plant charcoal is to make by the following method:
A. raw material pre-treatment: plant material is sent in microwave vacuum tank, be evacuated to vacuum tightness for-0.02MPa~-0.001MPa, then carry out microwave treatment, microwave frequency is 300MHz~950MHz, and microwave treatment time is 1~3min;
B. plant charcoal preparation: the plant material through pre-treatment gained is experienced to dry, pre-charing, charing, calcining and cooling successively, control combustion is warming up to 700-750 ℃ or 900-1000 ℃ and is incubated 40-80min with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, and then with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, is warming up to 1000-1500 ℃ or 1600-1800 ℃ and is incubated 2-8h and obtain plant charcoal.
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) plant charcoal is prepared moisture and the perforate that pre-treatment can be controlled plant material, makes the plant charcoal of preparation have the good function that de-tastes, and makes urban family when the plants such as planting vegetable, avoid producing peculiar smell;
(2) particle diameter is controlled as 3000-5000 order, and surface-area is large, and adsorption function is strong, outside offering base carbon elemental composition, can also purify air; If particle diameter is too little, a little less than function persistence; Particle diameter is too large, and adsorption function is little.
As preferably, described plant material is corn cob, bamboo or pine tree.
More preferably, for corn cob or bamboo, control combustion is warming up to 700-750 ℃ and be incubated 40-80min with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, and then is warming up to 1000-1500 ℃ and be incubated 2-8h with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, obtains plant charcoal.
More preferably, for pine tree, control combustion is warming up to 900-1000 ℃ and be incubated 40-80min with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, and then is warming up to 1600-1800 ℃ and be incubated 2-8h with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, obtains plant charcoal.
Embodiment
Leaf vegetables nutrient solution formula 1 for micro-agricultural:
PH is 6.5-6.8, comprises macroelement, moderate-element and trace element, and macroelement comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 900mg/L, KNO
3780mg/L, NH
4h
2pO
4130mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 460mg/L; Trace element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: FeSO
47H
2o 11mg/L, MnSO
4h
2o 1.5mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 2mg/L, H
3bO
32.55mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.2mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.05mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 0.01mg/L, three water disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 15mg/L, three water Sytron 18mg/L, bamboo vinegar liquid 19 mg/L, oligochitosan 6mg/L, dregs of beans 5mg/L; Moderate-element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: the crystalline mother solution that plant powdered carbon 20mg/L, bone meal 40mg/L, 15mg/L contain 15% Avrmectin.
Leaf vegetables nutrient solution formula 2 for micro-agricultural:
PH is 6.5-6.8, comprises macroelement, moderate-element and trace element, and macroelement comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 970 mg/L, KNO
3820 mg/L, NH
4h
2pO
4180 mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 520 mg/L; Trace element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: FeSO
47H
2o 15 mg/L, MnSO
4h
2o 1.8 mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 2.3 mg/L, H
3bO
32.98 mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.25 mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.09 mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 0.03 mg/L, three water disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 19 mg/L, three water Sytron 22 mg/L, bamboo vinegar liquid 15 mg/L, oligochitosan 3mg/L, dregs of beans 4mg/L; Moderate-element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: the crystalline mother solution that plant powdered carbon 50 mg/L, bone meal 60 mg/L, 40 mg/L contain 25% Avrmectin.
Leaf vegetables nutrient solution formula 3 for micro-agricultural:
PH is 6.5-6.8, comprises macroelement, moderate-element and trace element, and macroelement comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 950 mg/L, KNO
3790 mg/L, NH
4h
2pO
4140 mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 490 mg/L; Trace element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: FeSO
47H
2o 14 mg/L, MnSO
4h
2o 1.6 mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 2.1 mg/L, H
3bO
32.68 mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.23 mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.07 mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 0.02 mg/L, three water disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 17 mg/L, three water Sytron 19 mg/L, bamboo vinegar liquid 30 mg/L, oligochitosan 8mg/L, dregs of beans 9mg/L; Moderate-element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: the crystalline mother solution that plant powdered carbon 30 mg/L, bone meal 50 mg/L, 20 mg/L contain 22% Avrmectin.
Leaf vegetables nutrient solution formula 4 for micro-agricultural:
Macroelement comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 945 mg/L, KNO
3809 mg/L, NH
4h
2pO
4153mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 493 mg/L; Described trace element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: FeSO
47H
2o 13.21 mg/L, MnSO
4h
2o 1.61 mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 2.13mg/L, H
3bO
32.86 mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.22 mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.08 mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 0.02mg/L, three water disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 17.67 mg/L, three water Sytron 20mg/L, bamboo vinegar liquid 22 mg/L, oligochitosan 5mg/L, dregs of beans 6mg/L.Moderate-element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: the crystalline mother solution that plant powdered carbon 40 mg/L, bone meal 50 mg/L, 33 mg/L contain 19% Avrmectin.
Embodiment mono-
The preparation of bamboo vinegar liquid: add from top in vertical moving-bed through blocking and split broken and bamboo preliminarily dried, bamboo relies on gravity to move down gradually, experience successively ,Yu char zone, drying zone, char zone, calcining zone and cooling zone, the pyrolysis gas that char zone produces is dried bamboo and reaches carbonization temperature in drying zone and bamboo adverse current or cross-flow from bottom to top, pyrolysis gas is discharged and is entered bamboo vinegar liquid condenser from top, condensation obtains bamboo vinegar liquid, then gained bamboo vinegar liquid is removed to bamboo tar standby.
Plant powdered carbon preparation: plant charcoal is pulverized and obtained, and particle diameter is 3000-5000 order, and described plant charcoal is to make by the following method:
A. raw material pre-treatment: corn cob is sent in microwave vacuum tank, be evacuated to vacuum tightness for-0.01MPa, then carry out microwave treatment, microwave frequency is 650MHz, and microwave treatment time is 2min;
B. plant charcoal preparation: the corn cob through pre-treatment gained is experienced to dry, pre-charing, charing, calcining and cooling successively, control combustion is warming up to 600-650 ℃ and be incubated 50-70min with the speed of 8-10 ℃/min, and then is warming up to 1100-1300 ℃ and be incubated 4-6h and obtain plant charcoal with the speed of 8-12 ℃/min.
Then by formula 1 batching, mix the micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution of preparation.
The present embodiment gained nutrient solution and common nutrient solution are used for to Growth of Lettuce controlled trial, and detected result is in Table 1:
Embodiment bis-
With embodiment mono-, different is to be mixed with micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution by formula 2.
Embodiment tri-
With embodiment mono-, different is to be mixed with micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution by formula 3.
Embodiment tetra-
The preparation of bamboo vinegar liquid: add from top in vertical moving-bed through blocking and split broken and bamboo preliminarily dried, bamboo relies on gravity to move down gradually, experience successively ,Yu char zone, drying zone, char zone, calcining zone and cooling zone, the pyrolysis gas that char zone produces is dried bamboo and reaches carbonization temperature in drying zone and bamboo adverse current or cross-flow from bottom to top, pyrolysis gas is discharged and is entered bamboo vinegar liquid condenser from top, condensation obtains bamboo vinegar liquid, then gained bamboo vinegar liquid is removed to bamboo tar standby.
Plant powdered carbon preparation: plant charcoal is pulverized and obtained, and particle diameter is 3000-4000 order, and described plant charcoal is to make by the following method:
A. raw material pre-treatment: bamboo is sent in microwave vacuum tank, be evacuated to vacuum tightness for-0.02MPa, then carry out microwave treatment, microwave frequency is 300MHz, and microwave treatment time is 1min;
B. plant charcoal preparation: the bamboo through pre-treatment gained is experienced to dry, pre-charing, charing, calcining and cooling successively, control combustion is warming up to 700 ℃ and be incubated 40min with the speed of 5 ℃/min, and then is warming up to 1000 ℃ and be incubated 2h and obtain plant charcoal with the speed of 5 ℃/min.
Then by formula 1, be mixed with micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution.
Embodiment five
With embodiment tetra-, different is to be mixed with micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution by formula 2.
Embodiment six
With embodiment tetra-, different is to be mixed with micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution by formula 3.
Embodiment seven
The preparation of bamboo vinegar liquid is with embodiment tetra-.
Plant powdered carbon preparation: plant charcoal is pulverized and obtained, and particle diameter is 4000-5000 order, and described plant charcoal is to make by the following method:
A. raw material pre-treatment: pine tree is sent in microwave vacuum tank, be evacuated to vacuum tightness for-0.001MPa, then carry out microwave treatment, microwave frequency is 950MHz, and microwave treatment time is 1~3min;
B. plant charcoal preparation: the pine tree through pre-treatment gained is experienced to dry, pre-charing, charing, calcining and cooling successively, control combustion is warming up to 1000 ℃ and be incubated 80min with the speed of 15 ℃/min, and then be warming up to 1800 ℃ and be incubated 8h with the speed of 15 ℃/min, obtain plant charcoal.
Then by formula 4, be mixed with micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution.
Embodiment eight
With embodiment seven, different is to be mixed with micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution by formula 2.
Embodiment nine
With embodiment seven, different is to be mixed with micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution by formula 3.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention; it is not limitation of the present invention; those skilled in the art can make to the present embodiment the modification that there is no creative contribution as required after reading this specification sheets, but as long as within the scope of claim of the present invention, are all subject to the protection of patent law.
Claims (9)
1. a micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution, is characterized in that comprising macroelement and trace element, and described macroelement comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 900-970 mg/L, KNO
3780-820 mg/L, NH
4h
2pO
4130-180 mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 460-520 mg/L; Described trace element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: FeSO
47H
2o 11-15 mg/L, MnSO
4h
2o 1.5-1.8 mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 2-2.3 mg/L, H
3bO
32.55-2.98 mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.2-0.25 mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.05-0.09 mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 0.01-0.03 mg/L, three water disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 15-19 mg/L, three water Sytron 18-22 mg/L, bamboo vinegar liquid 15-30 mg/L, oligochitosan 3-8mg/L, dregs of beans 4-9mg/L.
2. a kind of micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution according to claim 1, the pH that it is characterized in that nutritive medium is 6.5-6.8.
3. a kind of micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising moderate-element in described nutritive medium, described moderate-element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: the crystalline mother solution that plant powdered carbon 20-50 mg/L, bone meal 40-60 mg/L, 15-40 mg/L contain 15-25% Avrmectin.
4. according to a kind of micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that described macroelement comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o 945 mg/L, KNO
3809 mg/L, NH
4h
2pO
4153mg/L, MgSO
47H
2o 493 mg/L; Described trace element comprises the component of following weightmeasurement ratio: FeSO
47H
2o 13.21 mg/L, MnSO
4h
2o 1.61 mg/L, MnSO
44H
2o 2.13mg/L, H
3bO
32.86 mg/L, ZnSO
47H
2o 0.22 mg/L, CuSO
45H
2o 0.08 mg/L, NaMoO
42H
2o 0.02mg/L, three water disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate 17.67 mg/L, three water Sytron 20mg/L, bamboo vinegar liquid 22 mg/L, oligochitosan 5mg/L, dregs of beans 6mg/L.
5. a kind of micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution according to claim 3, the preparation method who it is characterized in that described bamboo vinegar liquid adds from top through blocking to split broken and bamboo preliminarily dried in vertical moving-bed, bamboo relies on gravity to move down gradually, experience successively drying zone, pre-char zone, char zone, calcining zone and cooling zone, the pyrolysis gas that char zone produces is dried bamboo and reaches carbonization temperature in drying zone and bamboo adverse current or cross-flow from bottom to top, pyrolysis gas is discharged and is entered bamboo vinegar liquid condenser from top, condensation obtains bamboo vinegar liquid, then gained bamboo vinegar liquid is removed to bamboo tar standby.
6. a kind of micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described plant powdered carbon is that plant charcoal is pulverized and obtained, and particle diameter is 3000-5000 order, and described plant charcoal is to make by the following method:
A. raw material pre-treatment: plant material is sent in microwave vacuum tank, be evacuated to vacuum tightness for-0.02MPa~-0.001MPa, then carry out microwave treatment, microwave frequency is 300MHz~950MHz, and microwave treatment time is 1~3min;
B. plant charcoal preparation: the plant material through pre-treatment gained is experienced to dry, pre-charing, charing, calcining and cooling successively, control combustion is warming up to 700-750 ℃ or 900-1000 ℃ and is incubated 40-80min with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, and then with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, is warming up to 1000-1500 ℃ or 1600-1800 ℃ and is incubated 2-8h and obtain plant charcoal.
7. a kind of micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described plant material is corn cob, bamboo or pine tree.
8. a kind of micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: for corn cob or bamboo, control combustion is warming up to 700-750 ℃ and be incubated 40-80min with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, and then be warming up to 1000-1500 ℃ and be incubated 2-8h with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, obtain plant charcoal.
9. a kind of micro-agricultural leaf vegetables nutrient solution according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: for pine tree, control combustion is warming up to 900-1000 ℃ and be incubated 40-80min with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, and then be warming up to 1600-1800 ℃ and be incubated 2-8h with the speed of 5-15 ℃/min, obtain plant charcoal.
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CN106416977A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-02-22 | 福建农林大学 | Mesembryanthemum crystallinum water culture method |
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