CN103568153B - 塑料废材用推出装置 - Google Patents
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- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B17/0042—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting for shaping parts, e.g. multilayered parts with at least one layer containing regenerated plastic
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Abstract
本发明提供不仅为能够简单且便宜地制造的结构,还能够适当地粉碎塑料材料并向加热筒运送的塑料废材用推出装置。该塑料废材用推出装置具备外壳(12),该外壳(12)具备保持加热筒(10)的后部且投入塑料材料的投入口(13),在该外壳(12)内,具备与螺杆(11)同轴且一体地设置并旋转的一个大径旋转刀(20)、同轴且一体地设在大径旋转刀(20)的轴向前后并旋转的各一个小径旋转刀(21、22)、固定在外壳(12)侧的固定刀(30),在外壳(12)的至少除了投入塑料材料的上部的下侧的部分设有以沿大径旋转刀(20)的外形与宽度的轨迹形成为槽状,且该大径旋转刀(20)能够通过的方式设有大径旋转刀通过槽(40)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于再生利用在注塑成型中排出的内浇口或浇口及在吹入成型中排出的溢料等塑料废材(以下称为“废材”)的造粒机的结构要素,涉及具备该废材的塑化、推出功能的塑料废材用推出装置。
背景技术
以往,在注塑成型工场中,将上述内浇口、浇口及溢料等塑料废材粉碎,使该粉碎材料与新材料混合而进行再利用。但是,在以所谓的稳定成形为目标时,由该粉碎材料中的微粉的混杂或粒径的不一致、及与新材料的形状不同引起的不均匀混合等成为问题点。作为该对策,必须利用造粒机格外进行制造与新材料形状相同的颗粒的再生工序,因此需要小型的造粒机。
但是,现在市场上出售的造粒机的推出装置具有以下的问题点,因此妨碍普及。
首先,以往市场上出售的造粒机的推出装置一般在其材料供给部上具备材料箱。在使用该造粒机的推出装置的场合,利用粉碎机暂时粉碎以一定间隔从成型机排出的废材,不仅伴随必须将该粉碎材料移到上述材料箱中之类的复杂性,在该移动的工序中,难以避免混入异物的危险性。
另外,在将粉碎材料放置在粉碎工序与造粒工序之间的方式中,由于废材的材质而对空气中的水分进行吸湿,持续一段时间,如果没有干燥,则产生对造粒带来障碍的场合。
另外,以往供给造粒机的推出装置时的废材的形状及大小只要满足该推出装置的螺杆能够接受的最低限的形状及大小即可,由于以由上述粉碎机制造的粉碎材料与新材料混合为前提进行制造,因此粉碎机的机构复杂且高价。
以往想要解决这些问题点,有下述提案:省略由粉碎机粉碎从成型机排出的废材的粉碎工序,在使用带有粉碎功能的推出装置、即推出螺杆的引入部后,运送到螺杆的塑化部(参照专利文献1)。
但是,该推出装置以其用途以CD或DVD等成形时排出的内浇口为代表,限定为接近该推出螺杆的外径尺寸的小型的废材,无法以一般以较大的状态存在的大型的废材为对象。
另外,提出了下述方案:通过抓住上述推出装置的问题点,在推出装置的材料投入部组装两轴的撕碎机式破碎机,能够处理大型的废材(参照专利文献2)。
但是,该推出装置只不过在现有的推出装置的材料投入部一体地组装现有的粉碎机,在螺杆用与粉碎用的各个上设置驱动机构,旋转刀的结构也复杂。并且,对一次处理大量的废材是有效的,但作为以一个一个处理以规定间隔(大多为20~30秒)从成型机排出的废材为目的的装置,过于复杂且高价。
现有技术文献
专利文献1:日本特开2009-39871(第1页)
专利文献2:日本特表平07-507730(第1页)
想要解决塑料废材用推出装置的问题点并未提出能够适当地粉碎塑料材料并运送到加热筒,并且能够简单且便宜地制造的方案。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于提供不仅为能够简单且便宜地制造的结构,还能够适当地粉碎塑料材料并运向加热筒的塑料废材用推出装置。
本发明为了实现上述目的,具备以下的结构。
根据本发明的塑料废材用推出装置的一个方式,是一种塑料废材用推出装置,其具备加热塑料材料并且成为从后方向前方运送的通道的加热筒、通过在该加热筒的内部旋转将上述塑料材料从后方向前方运送的螺杆,具备外壳,该外壳保持上述加热筒的后部并且具备投入上述塑料材料的投入口,在该外壳内,为了能够粉碎所投入的上述塑料材料,具备与上述螺杆同轴且一体地设置并旋转的一个大径旋转刀、在该大径旋转刀的轴向前后同轴且一体地设置并旋转的各一个小径旋转刀、以与这些旋转刀协作的方式设置为固定在上述外壳侧的状态的固定刀,在该外壳的至少除了投入上述塑料材料的上部的下侧的部分设有大径旋转刀通过槽,该大径旋转刀通过槽以沿上述大径旋转刀的外形与宽度的轨迹形成为槽状,并且在该大径旋转刀通过时,捞起上述塑料材料的粉碎物。
另外,根据本发明的塑料废材用推出装置的一个方式,将从上述大径旋转刀的轴向观察的形态设为S字形状,将该S字形状的两处的凹部作为切刀部,该切刀部的形状在与上述加热筒侧的面相反的面一侧具备锐角的切刀,上述加热筒侧的面设为斜面,从而能够将上述塑料材料的粉碎物向前方运送。
另外,根据本发明的塑料废材用推出装置的一个方式,在上述大径旋转刀通过槽的轴向前后,在上述外壳的至少除了投入上述塑料材料的上部的下侧的部分设有以上述小径旋转刀能够通过的方式形成为台阶状的前后的小径旋转刀通过槽,该小径旋转刀通过槽设为直径向远离上述大径旋转刀的方向减小的锥状,从而上述塑料材料的粉碎物能够向上述大径旋转刀通过槽落下。
另外,根据本发明的塑料废材用推出装置的一个方式,为了抑制所投入的上述塑料材料在被粉碎之前向上述加热筒侧移动,上述塑料材料的投入口偏外壳的后方侧而设置。
另外,根据本发明的塑料废材用推出装置的一个方式,在设在上述加热筒侧的上述小径旋转刀的切刀部,上述加热筒侧的面设为斜面,从而能够将上述塑料材料的粉碎物向前方运送。
本发明的效果如下。
根据本发明的塑料废材用推出装置,起到不仅为能够简单且便宜地制造的结构,还能够适当地粉碎塑料材料并向加热筒运送的特别有利的效果。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的塑料废材用推出装置的实施例的剖视图。
图2是图1的实施例的A-A线剖视图。
图3是图1的实施例的B-B线剖视图。
图中:10—加热筒,11—螺杆,12—外壳,13—投入口,20—大径旋转刀,20a—切刀部,20b—切刀,20c—斜面,21—小径旋转刀,21a—切刀部,21c—斜面,22—小径旋转刀,30—固定刀,30a—内缘切刀,40—大径旋转刀通过槽,41—小径旋转刀通过槽,41a—锥面,42—小径旋转刀通过槽,42a—锥面。
具体实施方式
下面,根据附图(图1~3)详细地说明本发明的塑料废材用推出装置的实施例。
该塑料废材用推出装置具备加热塑料材料并且成为从后方向前方运送的通道的加热筒10、通过在该加热筒10的内部旋转而将塑料材料从后方向前方运送的螺杆11。另外,14是带式加热器,为了对加热筒10进行加热,卷绕在加热筒10的外周。
12是外壳,具备保持加热筒10的后部并且投入塑料材料的投入口13。在该外壳12内,为了能够粉碎所投入的塑料材料,具备:与螺杆11同轴且一体地设置并旋转的一个大径旋转刀20;同轴且一体地设在该大径旋转刀20的轴向前后并旋转的各一个小径旋转刀21、22;以及以与这些旋转刀20、21、22协作的方式设定为固定在外壳12侧的状态的固定刀30。
本实施例的与螺杆11同轴且一体地设置的旋转刀20、21、22的结构利用键16(参照图2)、与设在轴部15上的螺纹部17螺纹结合的螺母18按照前方的小径旋转刀21、大径旋转刀20、后方的小径旋转刀22的顺序而一体地固定在与螺杆11的后端侧连续地设置的轴部15上。并且,轴部15的后端15a利用保持在外壳12上的轴承19旋转自如地被轴支承。
另外,在本实施例中,在轴部15的后端15a上安装有齿轮,利用齿轮传动马达50的驱动力旋转驱动与轴部15同轴地一体化的螺杆11及旋转刀20、21、22。另外,驱动装置不限定于此,当然能够适当选择地采用已知的驱动机构。
并且,在外壳12的至少除了投入塑料材料的上部的下侧的部分设有大径旋转刀通过槽40,该大径旋转刀通过槽40沿大径旋转刀20的外形与宽度的轨迹形成为槽状,在该大径旋转刀20通过时,能够捞起塑料材料的粉碎物。
另外,如图3所示,本实施例的大径旋转刀通过槽40除了成为投入口13的部分形成为半圆以上,就后述的小径旋转刀通过槽41、42而言,也根据这些设为半圆以上。由此,能够将塑料材料的粉碎物适当地向上方捞起并如后述那样向加热筒10侧运送。
据此,不仅为能够简单且便宜地制造的结构,还在外壳12内依次连续地生产塑料材料的粉碎物,并能够将该粉碎物依次连续且适当地向作为出口的加热筒10侧运送。并且,导向加热筒10侧的粉碎物利用螺杆11适当地在加热筒11内被运送。在本实施例中,大径旋转刀20与小径旋转刀21、22的各个设为比螺杆11直径大,并且设置为它们的旋转轴实质上水平,通过重力适当地进行作用,适当地进行上述粉碎与运送工序。另外,在本实施例中,将小径旋转刀21、22设为直径相同。
另外,本发明并不限定于此,也能够适当地设定旋转轴的设置角度及小径旋转刀21、22的大小。据此,能够扩大与所投入的塑料材料的形状、材质、量等多种条件对应的自由度。
另外,利用大径旋转刀20,主要切断或粉碎较大的废材(塑料材料),利用小径旋转刀21、22,以能够将调整为某种大小的塑料材料适当地运向加热筒10的方式粉碎为适当的大小。由此,当依次连续地投入较大的废材时,能自动且依次连续地生产适当的大小的粉碎物。
另外,在投入作为比上述旋转刀20、21、22的刀小且被送向加热筒10侧的已经为适当的大小的粒径的废材(塑料材料)的场合,大部分未粉碎而落入大径旋转刀通过槽40。并且,通过利用大径旋转刀20捞起,被送向加热筒10侧。
并且,将本实施例的大径旋转刀20从该大径旋转刀20的轴向观察的形式设为S字形状,将该S字形状的两处的凹部作为切刀部20a,该切刀部20a的形状在与加热筒10侧的面相反的面一侧具备锐角的切刀20b,加热筒10侧的面以能够将塑料材料的粉碎物向前方运送的方式设为斜面20c。
据此,通过大径旋转刀20旋转,捞起塑料材料的粉碎物,并且利用朝向切刀部20a的前方倾斜的斜面20c的作用,能够以朝向作为加热筒10侧的前方滚落的方式有效地运送。
另外,在本实施例的大径旋转刀通过槽40的轴向前后,外壳12的至少除了投入塑料材料的上部的下侧的部分设有以小径旋转刀21能够通过的方式形成为台阶状的前后的小径旋转刀通过槽41、42。该小径旋转刀通过槽41、42以塑料材料的粉碎物能够向大径旋转刀通过槽40落下的方式设有形成为直径向远离该大径旋转刀20的方向缩小的锥状的锥面41a、42a。
据此,塑料材料的粉碎物顺畅地贮存在大径旋转刀通过槽40内,并能够利用大径旋转刀20有效地捞起。因此,能够将该粉碎物适当地向作为加热筒10侧的前方运送。
另外,固定刀30设为コ字状,以大径旋转刀20滑动嵌合在该コ字状的固定刀30上的方式进行旋转驱动,利用コ字状的内缘切刀30a(参照图3)与大径旋转刀20的切刀20b夹住并切断或粉碎塑料材料。
另外,在本实施例中,塑料材料的投入口13以抑制在所投入的塑料材料被粉碎之前向加热筒10侧移动的方式在外壳12的后方侧偏向一方而设置。即,为大径旋转刀20与外壳12的前方的间隔设定得窄,较大的塑料材料难以进入加热筒10侧的形式。
据此,投入口3的比大径旋转刀20靠后侧为更大开口,在将较大的废材(塑料材料)向加热筒10侧运送前,能够利用大径旋转刀20更可靠且更顺畅地进行切断或粉碎。
另外,在本实施例中,在设在加热筒10侧的小径旋转刀21的切刀部21a(参照图2),以加热筒10侧的面能够将塑料材料的粉碎物向前方运送的方式设为斜面21c。
据此,通过小径旋转刀21旋转,利用向前方倾斜的斜面21c(参照图2)的作用,能够使塑料材料的粉碎物以向作为加热筒10侧的前方滚落的方式有效地运送。
以上,列举了对本发明优选的实施方式例进行了种种说明,但本发明并不限定于该实施例,当然能在不脱离发明的精神的范围内实施多种改变。
Claims (8)
1.一种塑料废材用推出装置,其具备:加热塑料材料并且成为从后方向前方运送的通道的加热筒;以及通过在该加热筒的内部旋转将上述塑料材料从后方向前方运送的螺杆,该塑料废材用推出装置的特征在于,
具备外壳,该外壳与上述加热筒的后端部连续地保持上述加热筒的后部并且具备投入上述塑料材料的投入口,上述螺杆的后端部位于该外壳内,并且为了能够粉碎所投入的上述塑料材料,在该外壳内具备与上述螺杆同轴且一体地设置并一体地旋转的一个大径旋转刀、在该大径旋转刀的轴向前后同轴且一体地设置并一体地旋转的各一个小径旋转刀、以与这些旋转刀协作的方式设置为固定在上述外壳侧的状态的固定刀,在该外壳的至少除了投入上述塑料材料的上部的下侧的部分设有大径旋转刀通过槽,该大径旋转刀通过槽沿上述大径旋转刀的外形与宽度的轨迹形成为槽状,并且在该大径旋转刀通过时,能够捞起上述塑料材料的粉碎物,与上述螺杆同轴且一体地设置的上述大径旋转刀以及前后的上述小径旋转刀的结构为,按照前方的上述小径旋转刀、上述大径旋转刀、后方的上述小径旋转刀的顺序一体地固定在与上述螺杆的后端部连续地设置的轴部上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的塑料废材用推出装置,其特征在于,
将从上述大径旋转刀的轴向观察的形态设为S字形状,将该S字形状的两处的凹部作为切刀部,该切刀部的形状为:在与上述加热筒侧的面相反的面一侧具备锐角的切刀,上述加热筒侧的面设为斜面,从而能够将上述塑料材料的粉碎物向前方运送。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的塑料废材用推出装置,其特征在于,
在上述大径旋转刀通过槽的轴向前后,在上述外壳的至少除了投入上述塑料材料的上部的下侧的部分设有以上述小径旋转刀能够通过的方式形成为台阶状的前后的小径旋转刀通过槽,该小径旋转刀通过槽设为直径向远离上述大径旋转刀的方向减小的锥状,从而上述塑料材料的粉碎物能够向上述大径旋转刀通过槽落下。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的塑料废材用推出装置,其特征在于,
为了抑制所投入的上述塑料材料在被粉碎之前向上述加热筒侧移动,上述塑料材料的投入口偏外壳的后方侧而设置。
5.根据权利要求3所述的塑料废材用推出装置,其特征在于,
为了抑制所投入的上述塑料材料在被粉碎之前向上述加热筒侧移动,上述塑料材料的投入口偏外壳的后方侧而设置。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的塑料废材用推出装置,其特征在于,
在设在上述加热筒侧的上述小径旋转刀的切刀部,上述加热筒侧的面设为斜面,从而能够将上述塑料材料的粉碎物向前方运送。
7.根据权利要求3所述的塑料废材用推出装置,其特征在于,
在设在上述加热筒侧的上述小径旋转刀的切刀部,上述加热筒侧的面设为斜面,从而能够将上述塑料材料的粉碎物向前方运送。
8.根据权利要求4所述的塑料废材用推出装置,其特征在于,
在设在上述加热筒侧的上述小径旋转刀的切刀部,上述加热筒侧的面设为斜面,从而能够将上述塑料材料的粉碎物向前方运送。
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