CN103549343A - 一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法 - Google Patents
一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103549343A CN103549343A CN201310549003.6A CN201310549003A CN103549343A CN 103549343 A CN103549343 A CN 103549343A CN 201310549003 A CN201310549003 A CN 201310549003A CN 103549343 A CN103549343 A CN 103549343A
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- leaves
- leaf vegetables
- grain
- vegetables
- acid
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明涉及食品加工领域,具体公开了一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法,其工艺步骤是:(一)原料选择;(二)原料处理;(三)晾晒;(四)腌制糟料调配;(五)腌制;(六)叶菜整理;(七)调味;(八)包装、杀菌。本发明方法是采用添加酿造红酒的酒糟进行浸渍,在保持叶菜固有的独特口感和营养成分的同时,又添加了特殊风味香气物质,使得叶菜的色、香、味和品质得到改善和提升,使更多的人们享受到营养丰富、滋味鲜美的佐餐小菜。本发明方法简单,易于操作,成本低,适合大众消费,制得的叶菜糟制风味食品,质地脆嫩、口味醇香、鲜美,风味独特,开袋即食,实为一种方便、时尚的餐桌佳肴。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工领域,涉及一种叶菜咸菜的加工方法,具体涉及一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法。
背景技术
叶类蔬菜含有多种营养成分,除含有丰富的蛋白质、纤维素、氨基酸、维生素、常量和微量矿物质元素,叶菜中还含有色素物质,很多叶菜还含有糖(碳水化合物)以及香味物质,有些叶菜所含的特殊功能的营养物质如黄酮、多糖类是根黄类蔬菜中所未有的。例如辣椒叶的蛋白质含量比辣椒中的蛋白质含量高出许多倍。叶菜大都属于季节性强、保鲜难的食物,目前,针对叶菜的加工方法大都采用干制方法,这样的保存方式仅是得到了失去叶菜形态、风味、色泽和组织形态,而不能直接食用的干制品,且营养成分和其口感均会大打折扣,还有利用盐腌的咸菜和泡菜、酱制方法制得佐餐小菜,这些产品虽能有较好的直接食用性,但存在风味欠佳、口感单调、色泽不好和形态不理想等诸多缺陷,清一色的腌咸菜品味也会导致人们的畏食心理和感觉,因此,对现有的叶菜类蔬菜的腌制技术必须加以改进,以满足人们对生活高质量的追求,丰富腌制小菜产品的种类和市场需求,增加农副产品的价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法,目的在于能够使更多的可食用的叶类蔬菜得到更好的有益的利用,在保持了叶菜固有的独特口感和营养成分的同时,又添加入特殊风味香气物质,使得叶菜的色、香、味和品质得到改善和提升,使更多的人们享受到营养丰富、滋味鲜美的佐餐小菜。
本发明一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法,其工艺步骤如下:
步骤(一)原料选择:
选择无霉变、无腐烂、无病虫害且新鲜,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的红萝卜樱或白萝卜樱或胡萝卜樱或包菜或白菜或青菜或菜心或菜花或雪里蕻或乌塌菜或莴苣叶或香菜或香椿或甘薯叶或大头菜叶或青蒜苗或油菜苗或辣椒叶或豌豆苗或马齿苋或枸杞叶或刺槐叶或茶叶或蕺菜或灰菜或蔊菜或冬葵或刺五加或遏蓝菜或车前草或清明菜或苣荬菜或萹蓄或牛膝或野苋菜或芹菜叶或苔杆叶或荠菜或蒲公英或小蓟或紫苏叶或鸭趾草或酢浆草或薄荷或野菊或艾或益母草或夏枯草或桔梗或茵陈或龙葵或荆芥或藿香或牛蒡叶或野芝麻叶或地肤或苦荞或罗勒叶或香茶菜或绞股蓝叶或紫苜蓿或茼蒿的嫩叶或嫩茎叶,备用;
步骤(二)原料处理:
将叶菜蔬菜挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶,烂叶和老茎、梗后,用清水漂洗干净,然后浸没于含有重量百分比为2%的食盐、0.25%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸的水溶液中30分钟进行护色处理后,捞出,再用流动清水冲洗干净,控干叶菜表面水分;
步骤(三)晾晒:
将经过护色处理并控干水分后的叶菜,摊放在竹帘上于通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒期间每隔4小时进行揉搓1次,晾晒至叶菜的含水量在55-65%时收起备用;
步骤(四)腌制糟料调配:
取酿造红酒的酒糟与食盐按重量比为1:1.6-2.2的比例混合搅拌均匀,调配成腌制糟料,备用;
步骤(五)腌制:
将步骤(四)调配好的腌制糟料与步骤(三)经晾晒至含水量为55-65%的叶菜按重量比为1:3-4混合搅拌,揉搓均匀,装入腌制缸内,于15-18℃环境下,浸渍25-30天;
步骤(六)叶菜整理:
将浸渍好的叶菜取出后,用纯净水洗去粘附在叶菜表面的腌制糟料后,沥尽表面水分,根据需要用刀切成段或丝,备用;
步骤(七)调味:
将切成段或丝的腌制叶菜,加入重量比5.5-7.5%的调味剂充分搅拌均匀;
步骤(八)包装、杀菌:
将调味后的产品采用高压聚乙烯包装袋,抽真空密封包装后,置于100℃沸水中常压杀菌15分钟,取出让其自然冷却后,擦干包装袋表面水分,即得叶菜糟制风味食品。
上述所述的调味剂为咸味剂(包括但不限于食盐、酱油)、甜味剂(包括但不限于白砂糖、红砂糖、饴糖、甜菊糖苷、山梨糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖、果糖、葡萄糖、菊苣糖、乳糖醇、三氯蔗糖、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、蜂蜜)、酸味剂(包括但不限于柠檬酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乳酸、磷酸、富马酸、食醋)、鲜味剂(包括但不限于谷氨酸钠、肌苷酸钠、核糖核苷酸钠、鸟苷酸钠、鸡精)、天然调味剂(包括但不限于花椒、胡椒、八角、姜、葱、大蒜、辣椒、孜然、桂皮、肉桂、草果、肉蔻、丁香、小茴香、陈皮、当归、芥末、砂仁、良姜、白芷和辛香料物质如五香粉、咖喱粉、十三香中的一种或两种以及以上任意组合)。
上述所述的咸味剂、甜味剂、酸味剂、鲜味剂、天然调味剂及辛香料物质的一种或两种以及以上任意的组合,除液体物质以外的固体物质,均应粉碎过1200-1800目筛应用。
本发明的有益效果
本发明与已有技术相比,具有以下优点:一是采用添加酿造红酒的酒糟进行浸渍的方法,在保持叶菜固有的独特口感和营养成分的同时,添加了特殊风味香气物质;二是克服了叶菜食品受季节的影响而无法满足人们生活需求的缺陷,使得人们在不同季节都能品尝叶菜食品的鲜美,改善了人们的生活品味;三是本发明方法在保持了叶菜固有的独特口感和营养成分的同时,又添加入不同的调味剂,使得叶菜的色、香、味得到改善和提升,根据消费人群不同口味的需求制备成不同口味的产品,以满足不同口味需求的人们的选择;四是本发明加入的调味剂的固体物质均采用超细粉碎过1200目-1800目筛,一是可更有利于调味物质渗透均匀,二是使食者无渣或异物感,产品适口性更好。本发明方法制得的叶菜糟制风味食品,质地脆嫩、口味醇香、鲜美,风味独特,开袋即食,必将成为一种方便、时尚的酒楼宴席的小碟佳肴和民家餐桌的时尚佐餐小菜,本发明方法简单,易于操作,成本低,产品具有良好的市场前景。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的方法,结合以下实施例作进一步的说明,而非是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
(一)选择无霉变、无腐烂、无病虫害且新鲜,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的胡萝卜樱为原料;(二)将胡萝卜樱挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用清水漂洗干净,然后浸没于含有重量百分比为2%的食盐、0.25%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸的水溶液中浸泡30分钟进行护色处理后,捞出,再用流动清水冲洗干净,控干胡萝卜樱表面水分;(三)将经过护色处理并控干水分的胡萝卜樱摊放在竹席上于通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒期间每隔4小时进行揉搓1次,晾晒至胡萝卜樱含水量在65%时,收起备用;(四)取酿造红酒的酒糟10公斤与食盐16公斤的比例混合搅拌均匀,调配成腌制糟料,备用;(五)将(四)得到的腌制糟料26公斤与(三)经晾晒至含水量为65%的胡萝卜樱78公斤混合搅拌,揉搓均匀,装入腌制缸内,于18℃环境下,浸渍30天;(六)将浸渍好的胡萝卜樱取出后,用纯净水洗去粘附在表面上的腌制糟料后,沥尽表面水分,用刀切成3厘米长的段,备用;(七)将切成段状的腌制胡萝卜樱,加入调味剂1800目粉(如辣椒2公斤、花椒0.5公斤、胡椒0.3公斤、姜0.3公斤、桂皮0.3公斤、大蒜0.5公斤、丁香0.3公斤、谷氨酸钠0.09公斤)4.29公斤充分搅拌均匀;(八)将调味剂拌匀后的产品采用高压聚乙烯包装袋抽真空密封包装后,置于100℃沸水中常压杀菌15分钟后,取出,让其自然冷却,擦干包装袋表面水分,即得成品。
实施例2
(一)选择无霉变、无腐烂、无病虫害且新鲜,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的白菜为原料;(二)将白菜挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用清水漂洗干净,然后浸没于含有重量百分比为2%的食盐、0.25%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸的水溶液中浸泡30分钟进行护色处理后,捞出,再用流动清水冲洗干净,控干白菜表面水分;(三)将经过护色处理并控干水分的白菜摊放在竹席上于通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒期间每隔4小时进行揉搓1次,晾晒至白菜含水量在60%时,收起备用;(四)取酿造红酒的酒糟10公斤与食盐22公斤的比例混合搅拌均匀,调配成腌制糟料,备用;(五)将(四)得到的腌制糟料32公斤与(三)经晾晒至含水量为60%的白菜128公斤混合搅拌,揉搓均匀,装入腌制缸内,于18℃环境下,浸渍25天;(六)将浸渍好的白菜取出后,用纯净水洗去粘附在表面上的腌制糟料后,沥尽表面水分,用刀切成宽2.5-3毫米的丝,备用;(七)将切成丝状的腌制白菜丝,加入调味剂1200目粉(如五香粉0.5公斤、辣椒4公斤)4.5公斤和食醋3公斤充分搅拌均匀;(八)将调味剂拌匀后的产品采用高压聚乙烯包装袋抽真空密封包装后,置于100℃沸水中常压杀菌15分钟后,取出,让其自然冷却,擦干包装袋表面水分,即得成品。
实施例3
(一)选择无霉变、无腐烂、无病虫害且新鲜,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的莴苣嫩叶为原料;(二)将莴苣叶挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用清水漂洗干净,然后浸没于含有重量百分比为2%的食盐、0.25%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸的水溶液中浸泡30分钟进行护色处理后,捞出,再用流动清水冲洗干净,控干莴苣叶表面水分;(三)将经过护色处理并控干水分的莴苣叶摊放在竹席上于通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒期间每隔4小时进行揉搓1次,晾晒至莴苣叶含水量在55%时,收起备用;(四)取酿造红酒的酒糟10公斤与食盐20公斤的比例混合搅拌均匀,调配成腌制糟料,备用;(五)将(四)得到的腌制糟料30公斤与(三)经晾晒至含水量为55%的莴苣叶120公斤混合搅拌,揉搓均匀,装入腌制缸内,于16℃环境下,浸渍26天;(六)将浸渍好的莴苣叶取出后,用纯净水洗去粘附在表面上的腌制糟料后,沥尽表面水分,用刀切成3毫米宽的丝,备用;(七)将切成丝状的腌制莴苣叶,加入调味剂1300目粉(如白砂糖5公斤、花椒0.5公斤、胡椒0.5公斤、咖喱粉0.2公斤、谷氨酸钠0.2公斤、鸟苷酸钠0.02公斤)6.42公斤充分搅拌均匀;(八)将调味剂拌匀后的产品采用高压聚乙烯包装袋抽真空密封包装后,置于100℃沸水中常压杀菌15分钟后,取出,让其自然冷却,擦干包装袋表面水分,即得成品。
实施例4
(一)选择无霉变、无腐烂、无病虫害且新鲜,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的马齿苋嫩茎叶为原料;(二)将马齿苋挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用清水漂洗干净,然后浸没于含有重量百分比为2%的食盐、0.25%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸的水溶液中浸泡30分钟进行护色处理后,捞出,再用流动清水冲洗干净,控干马齿苋表面水分;(三)将经过护色处理并控干水分的马齿苋摊放在竹席上于通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒期间每隔4小时进行揉搓1次,晾晒至马齿苋含水量在56%时,收起备用;(四)取酿造红酒的酒糟10公斤与食盐16公斤的比例混合搅拌均匀,调配成腌制糟料,备用;(五)将(四)得到的腌制糟料26公斤与(三)经晾晒至含水量为56%的马齿苋104公斤混合搅拌,揉搓均匀,装入腌制缸内,于16℃环境下,浸渍25天;(六)将浸渍好的马齿苋取出后,用纯净水洗去粘附在表面上的腌制糟料后,沥尽表面水分,用刀切成3厘米长的段,备用;(七)将切成段状的腌制马齿苋,加入调味剂1500目粉(如食盐0.1公斤、红砂糖4公斤、花椒0.5公斤、大蒜1公斤、姜0.5公斤、辣椒0.5公斤、谷氨酸钠0.2公斤)6.8公斤充分搅拌均匀;(八)将调味剂拌匀后的产品采用高压聚乙烯包装袋抽真空密封包装后,置于100℃沸水中常压杀菌15分钟后,取出,让其自然冷却,擦干包装袋表面水分,即得成品。
实施例5
(一)选择无霉变、无腐烂、无病虫害且新鲜,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的枸杞嫩叶为原料;(二)将枸杞叶挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用清水漂洗干净,然后浸没于含有重量百分比为2%的食盐、0.25%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸的水溶液中浸泡30分钟进行护色处理后,捞出,再用流动清水冲洗干净,控干枸杞叶表面水分;(三)将经过护色处理并控干水分的枸杞叶摊放在竹席上于通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒期间每隔4小时进行揉搓1次,晾晒至枸杞叶含水量在60%时,收起备用;(四)取酿造红酒的酒糟10公斤与食盐18公斤的比例混合搅拌均匀,调配成腌制糟料,备用;(五)将(四)得到的腌制糟料28公斤与(三)经晾晒至含水量为60%的枸杞叶112公斤混合搅拌,揉搓均匀,装入腌制缸内,于18℃环境下,浸渍25天;(六)将浸渍好的枸杞叶取出后,用纯净水洗去粘附在表面上的腌制糟料后,沥尽表面水分,用刀切成1-2毫米的丝,备用;(七)将切成丝状的腌制枸杞叶,加入调味剂1600目粉(如木糖醇6公斤、柠檬酸0.15公斤、陈皮1公斤)7.15公斤充分搅拌均匀;(八)将调味剂拌匀后的产品采用高压聚乙烯包装袋抽真空密封包装后,置于100℃沸水中常压杀菌15分钟后,取出,让其自然冷却,擦干包装袋表面水分,即得成品。
实施例6
(一)选择无霉变、无腐烂、无病虫害且新鲜,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的茼蒿嫩茎叶为原料;(二)将茼蒿挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶、烂叶和老茎、梗后,用清水漂洗干净,然后浸没于含有重量百分比为2%的食盐、0.25%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸的水溶液中浸泡30分钟进行护色处理后,捞出,再用流动清水冲洗干净,控干茼蒿表面水分;(三)将经过护色处理并控干水分的茼蒿摊放在竹席上于通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒期间每隔4小时进行揉搓1次,晾晒至茼蒿含水量在62%时,收起备用;(四)取酿造红酒的酒糟10公斤与食盐17公斤的比例混合搅拌均匀,调配成腌制糟料,备用;(五)将(四)得到的腌制糟料27公斤与(三)经晾晒至含水量为62%的茼蒿108公斤混合搅拌,揉搓均匀,装入腌制缸内,于17℃环境下,浸渍26天;(六)将浸渍好的茼蒿取出后,用纯净水洗去粘附在表面上的腌制糟料后,沥尽表面水分,用刀切成3厘米长的段,备用;(七)将切成段状的腌制茼蒿,加入调味剂1200目粉(如花椒1公斤、辣椒3.6公斤、孜然0.8公斤、谷氨酸钠0.04公斤、鸡精0.5公斤)5.94公斤充分搅拌均匀;(八)将调味剂拌匀后的产品采用高压聚乙烯包装袋抽真空密封包装后,置于100℃沸水中常压杀菌15分钟后,取出,让其自然冷却,擦干包装袋表面水分,即得成品。
以上实施例仅是针对本发明的进一步说明,而非是它的全部,不应看作是对本发明的限制。
Claims (4)
1.一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法,其特征在于,包括以下工艺步骤:
步骤(一)原料选择:
选择无霉变、无腐烂、无病虫害且新鲜,叶片肥厚,质地鲜嫩的红萝卜樱或白萝卜樱或胡萝卜樱或包菜或白菜或青菜或菜心或菜花或雪里蕻或乌塌菜或莴苣叶或香菜或香椿或甘薯叶或大头菜叶或青蒜苗或油菜苗或辣椒叶或豌豆苗或马齿苋或枸杞叶或刺槐叶或茶叶或蕺菜或灰菜或蔊菜或冬葵或刺五加或遏蓝菜或车前草或清明菜或苣荬菜或萹蓄或牛膝或野苋菜或芹菜叶或苔杆叶或荠菜或蒲公英或小蓟或紫苏叶或鸭趾草或酢浆草或薄荷或野菊或艾或益母草或夏枯草或桔梗或茵陈或龙葵或荆芥或藿香或牛蒡叶或野芝麻叶或地肤或苦荞或罗勒叶或香茶菜或绞股蓝叶或紫苜蓿或茼蒿的嫩叶或嫩茎叶,备用;
步骤(二)原料处理:
将叶菜蔬菜挑捡干净,去除老叶、黄叶,烂叶和老茎、梗后,用清水漂洗干净,然后浸没于含有重量百分比为2%的食盐、0.25%的柠檬酸和0.1%的抗坏血酸的水溶液中30分钟进行护色处理后,捞出,再用流动清水冲洗干净,控干叶菜表面水分;
步骤(三)晾晒:
将经过护色处理并控干水分后的叶菜,摊放在竹帘上于通风向阳处晾晒,晾晒期间每隔4小时进行揉搓1次,晾晒至叶菜的含水量在55-65%时收起备用;
步骤(四)腌制糟料调配:
取酿造红酒的酒糟与食盐按重量比为1:1.6-2.2的比例混合搅拌均匀,调配成腌制糟料,备用;
步骤(五)腌制:
将步骤(四)调配好的腌制糟料与步骤(三)经晾晒至含水量为55-65%的叶菜按重量比为1:3-4混合搅拌,揉搓均匀,装入腌制缸内,于15-18℃环境下,浸渍25-30天;
步骤(六)叶菜整理:
将浸渍好的叶菜取出后,用纯净水洗去粘附在叶菜表面的腌制糟料后,沥尽表面水分,根据需要用刀切成段或丝,备用;
步骤(七)调味:
将切成段或丝的腌制叶菜,加入重量比5.5-7.5%的调味剂充分搅拌均匀;
步骤(八)包装、杀菌:
将调味后的产品采用高压聚乙烯包装袋,抽真空密封包装后,置于100℃沸水中常压杀菌15分钟,取出让其自然冷却后,擦干包装袋表面水分,即得叶菜糟制风味食品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法,其特征在于,调味剂为咸味剂、甜味剂、酸味剂、鲜味剂、天然调味剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法,其特征在于,所述的咸味剂是食盐、酱油,甜味剂是白砂糖、红砂糖、饴糖、甜菊糖苷、山梨糖醇、L-阿拉伯糖、果糖、葡萄糖、菊苣糖、乳糖醇、三氯蔗糖、木糖醇、麦芽糖醇、蜂蜜,酸味剂是柠檬酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乳酸、磷酸、富马酸、食醋,鲜味剂是谷氨酸钠、肌苷酸钠、核糖核苷酸钠、鸟苷酸钠、鸡精,天然调味剂是花椒、胡椒、八角、姜、葱、大蒜、辣椒、孜然、桂皮、肉桂、草果、肉蔻、丁香、小茴香、陈皮、当归、芥末、砂仁、良姜、白芷、五香粉、咖喱粉、十三香中的一种或两种以及以上任意组合。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种叶菜糟制风味食品的加工方法,其特征在于,所述的咸味剂、甜味剂、酸味剂、鲜味剂、天然调味剂的一种或两种以及以上任意的组合,除液体物质以外的固体物质,均应粉碎过1200-1800目筛应用。
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