CN103548621B - Greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system and method - Google Patents

Greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system and method Download PDF

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CN103548621B
CN103548621B CN201310533710.6A CN201310533710A CN103548621B CN 103548621 B CN103548621 B CN 103548621B CN 201310533710 A CN201310533710 A CN 201310533710A CN 103548621 B CN103548621 B CN 103548621B
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greenhouse
information
irrigation
nutrient solution
subsystem
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CN103548621A (en
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汪懋华
袁洪波
李莉
王海华
尼克·西格里米斯
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system and method, relate to horticultural gardening administrative skill field.Described system comprises: environmental monitoring subsystem, processor and water-fertilizer integral irrigate subsystem; Described environmental monitoring subsystem, for carrying out Real-time Collection to inside greenhouse environmental information and greenhouse external environmental information, and by the information transmission of collection to processor; Described processor, treatment and analysis is carried out to the information of described environmental monitoring subsystem Real-time Collection, described water-fertilizer integral irrigates subsystem, according to the fertilizer ratio of the information control irrigation nutrient solution of processor process, irrigation method and different irrigation circuits, and reclaim the nutrient solution oozed out, realize recycling.To the present invention is directed in traditional greenhouse production that automaticity is low, soil continuous cropping obstacle is serious, resource utilization is low and the problem such as environmental pollution; can effectively improve greenhouse production automaticity, realize the target of water saving, joint fertilizer, protection of the environment, sustainable development.

Description

Greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to horticultural gardening administrative skill field, be specifically related to a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system and method.
Background technology
Industrialized agriculture is a kind of important channel changed to modern agriculture by traditional farming, has high, with short production cycle, the with high content of technology and peasant's benefit advantages of higher of land utilization rate.
The industrialized agriculture of current the northern area of China is based on traditional greenhouse by solar heat, in hothouse production, there is the problem that some restrict its sustainable development: (1) development model is delayed, equipment condition is poor, lack advanced production process regulation and control equipment and modem information technology management means; (2) liquid manure mode of administration falls behind, and water-fertilizer integral nutrition liquid irrigation technology is not popularized, and that liquid manure is used is excessive, resource utilization is low, and not only waste is serious, also directly has influence on the quality of production of crop, the ecological problem such as to pollute to around ecotope.
In sum, China's tradition greenhouse production mode has the drawback of unsustainable development, therefore to traditional mode of production mode reform and innovation, realizes industrial technology imperative for transition.In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, traditional cultivation mode must be changed, building close type cultivation system, improve greenhouse production automaticity, realize the target of water saving, joint fertilizer, protection of the environment, sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem solved
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system and method, improve greenhouse production automaticity, realize the target of water saving, joint fertilizer, protection of the environment, sustainable development.
(2) technical scheme
For realizing above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system, it is characterized in that, described system comprises: environmental monitoring subsystem, processor and water-fertilizer integral irrigate subsystem;
Described environmental monitoring subsystem, for carrying out Real-time Collection to inside greenhouse environmental information and greenhouse external environmental information, and by the information transmission of collection to processor;
Described processor, carries out treatment and analysis to the information of described environmental monitoring subsystem Real-time Collection,
Described water-fertilizer integral irrigates subsystem, according to the information control irrigation nutrient solution of processor process fertilizer ratio, irrigation method and irrigate circuit, and reclaim the nutrient solution oozed out, to realize recycling.
Preferably, described environmental monitoring subsystem comprises at least one environment monitoring node, outdoor weather station and aggregation node;
Wherein, described environment monitoring node by least one interior sensor monitoring greenhouse environment parameter, and by wireless transmission method by information transmission to aggregation node; Described outdoor weather station gathers outdoor temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination, rainfall, wind direction and wind speed information by least one outdoor sensor, and wirelessly the information collected is sent to aggregation node; Described aggregation node receives the information of described environment monitoring node and the transmission of described outdoor weather station, and the information of reception is sent to processor.
Preferably, described interior sensor comprises: aerial temperature and humidity sensor, substrate temperature sensor, soil humidity sensor, intensity of illumination sensor and CO2 concentration sensor.
Preferably, described outdoor sensor comprises: Temperature Humidity Sensor, light radiation sensor, rain sensor, air velocity transducer and wind transducer.
Preferably, data transmission is carried out by 433MHz or 2.4GHz wireless transmission frequency and aggregation node in described environment monitoring node and described outdoor weather station; Described aggregation node is connected with processor by 485 buses or wireless mode.
Preferably, described water-fertilizer integral irrigation subsystem comprises irrigation controller, at least one fertilizer tank, acid-regulating tank, circuit irrigated by mixed fertile tank, at least one and nutrient solution reclaims subsystem;
Wherein, described irrigation controller comprises and joins fertile control module and irrigation control module;
Fill dissimilar fertilizer mother liquor in described fertilizer tank respectively, in described acid-regulating tank, hold acid solution; Described fertilizer tank is connected with described mixed fertile tank by joining fertile pipeline with described acid-regulating tank, join fertile pipeline described in every bar and all magnetic valve is installed, describedly join fertile control module controls described magnetic valve opening and closing according to pre-set programs, realize different fertilizer real-time online proportionings.
Preferably, the nutrient solution that in described mixed fertile tank, proportioning is complete is supplied to described irrigation circuit by water pump, and described irrigation control module, according to the Irrigation of program setting, controls the start and stop of described irrigation circuit solenoid;
Described nutrient solution reclaims subsystem and reclaims the nutrient solution oozed out, and when recycling can middle water level reaches preset height, is drawn in mixed fertile tank by the nutrient solution of collection, realizes recycling of nutrient solution by water pump and magnetic valve.
Preferably, each irrigation controller controls at least one and irrigates circuit, arranges at least one and irrigate circuit in each greenhouse.
The present invention breathes out the cultivation method providing a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system, it is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
Real-time Collection is carried out to inside greenhouse environmental information and greenhouse external environmental information, and by the information transmission of collection to processor;
The information of process reception environment monitoring subsystem Real-time Collection, and treatment and analysis is carried out to the information of Real-time Collection,
According to the information control irrigation nutrient solution of processor process fertilizer ratio, irrigation method and irrigate circuit, and reclaim the nutrient solution oozed out, to realize recycling.
(3) beneficial effect
The invention provides a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system and method, by environmental monitoring subsystem, Real-time Collection is carried out to inside greenhouse environmental information and greenhouse external environmental information, and by the information transmission of collection to processor; Treatment and analysis is carried out by the information of processor to environmental monitoring subsystem Real-time Collection, the fertilizer ratio of the information control irrigation nutrient solution of subsystem foundation processor process, irrigation method and different irrigation circuits is irrigated by water-fertilizer integral, and reclaim the nutrient solution oozed out, achieve and recycle.The present invention is directed to the problems such as automaticity is low, soil continuous cropping obstacle is serious, resource utilization is low in traditional greenhouse production, effectively can improve greenhouse production automaticity, realize the target of water saving, joint fertilizer, protection of the environment, sustainable development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the substrate culture subsystem structure schematic diagram of a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation method of the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, wherein, 1-trench, 2-PE film, 3-cultivation matrix, 4-nutrient solution return port, 5-reclaims branch pipe(tube), and 6-reclaims main pipeline.
Embodiment
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, embodiments provide a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system, described system comprises: environmental monitoring subsystem, processor and water-fertilizer integral irrigate subsystem;
Described environmental monitoring subsystem, for carrying out Real-time Collection to inside greenhouse environmental information and greenhouse external environmental information, and by the information transmission of collection to processor;
Described processor, carries out treatment and analysis to the information of described environmental monitoring subsystem Real-time Collection,
Described water-fertilizer integral irrigates subsystem, according to the information control irrigation nutrient solution of processor process fertilizer ratio, irrigation method and irrigate circuit, and reclaim the nutrient solution oozed out, to realize recycling.
The embodiment of the present invention, carries out Real-time Collection by environmental monitoring subsystem to inside greenhouse environmental information and greenhouse external environmental information; Treatment and analysis is carried out by the information of processor to environmental monitoring subsystem Real-time Collection, the fertilizer ratio of the information control irrigation nutrient solution of subsystem foundation processor process, irrigation method and different irrigation circuits is irrigated by water-fertilizer integral, and reclaim the nutrient solution oozed out, achieve and recycle.The present invention is directed to the problems such as automaticity is low, soil continuous cropping obstacle is serious, resource utilization is low in traditional greenhouse production, effectively can improve greenhouse production automaticity, realize the target of water saving, joint fertilizer, protection of the environment, sustainable development.
Below the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail:
Preferably, described environmental monitoring subsystem comprises at least one environment monitoring node, outdoor weather station and aggregation node;
Wherein, described environment monitoring node by least one interior sensor monitoring greenhouse environment parameter, and by wireless transmission method by information transmission to aggregation node; Described outdoor weather station gathers outdoor temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination, rainfall, wind direction and wind speed information by least one outdoor sensor, and wirelessly the information collected is sent to aggregation node; Described aggregation node receives the information of described environment monitoring node and the transmission of described outdoor weather station, and the information of reception is sent to processor.
Preferably, described interior sensor comprises: aerial temperature and humidity sensor, substrate temperature sensor, soil humidity sensor, intensity of illumination sensor and CO2 concentration sensor.
Preferably, described outdoor sensor comprises: Temperature Humidity Sensor, light radiation sensor, rain sensor, air velocity transducer and wind transducer.
Preferably, data transmission is carried out by 433MHz or 2.4GHz wireless transmission frequency and aggregation node in described environment monitoring node and described outdoor weather station; Described aggregation node is connected with processor by 485 buses or wireless mode.
Preferably, described water-fertilizer integral irrigation subsystem comprises irrigation controller, at least one fertilizer tank, acid-regulating tank, circuit irrigated by mixed fertile tank, at least one and nutrient solution reclaims subsystem;
Wherein, described irrigation controller comprises and joins fertile control module and irrigation control module;
Fill dissimilar fertilizer mother liquor in described fertilizer tank respectively, in described acid-regulating tank, hold acid solution; Described fertilizer tank is connected with described mixed fertile tank by joining fertile pipeline with described acid-regulating tank, join fertile pipeline described in every bar and all magnetic valve is installed, describedly join fertile control module controls described magnetic valve opening and closing according to pre-set programs, realize different fertilizer real-time online proportionings.
Preferably, the nutrient solution that in described mixed fertile tank, proportioning is complete is supplied to described irrigation circuit by water pump, and described irrigation control module, according to the Irrigation of program setting, controls the start and stop of described irrigation circuit solenoid;
Described nutrient solution reclaims subsystem and reclaims the nutrient solution oozed out, and when recycling can middle water level reaches preset height, is drawn in mixed fertile tank by the nutrient solution of collection, realizes recycling of nutrient solution by water pump and magnetic valve.
Preferably, each irrigation controller controls at least one and irrigates circuit, arranges at least one and irrigate circuit in each greenhouse.
The concrete course of work of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system is: as shown in Figure 1, several environment monitoring sensor nodes of sunlight indoor location, each environment monitoring sensor node connects 1 aerial temperature and humidity sensor, 1 intensity of illumination sensor, 1 CO2 concentration sensor, 1 substrate temperature sensor and 1 soil humidity sensor, and each sensor is deployed in ad-hoc location in greenhouse; Environment monitoring node in multiple greenhouse shares an aggregation node, data transmission is carried out by 433MHz wireless transmission frequency, from sensor node, environmental information is transferred to aggregation node, aggregation node is connected with processor by 485 buses, or be connected with processor by other wireless mode, environment information transmission in greenhouse carries out treatment and analysis to process the most at last; Greenhouse outer setting 1 outdoor weather station, meteorological station is connected with Temperature Humidity Sensor, air velocity transducer, wind transducer, light radiation sensor and rain sensor, passes through 433MHz wireless frequency equally by outdoor environment information transmission to aggregation node.
Process and formulate liquid manure one irrigation control scheme according to the growing state of current greenhouse internal and external environment information, crop, be connected to irrigation controller by 485 buses, irrigation controller controls the supply of nutrient solution and irrigates the start and stop of circuit; Nutrient solution service and irrigation conduit are connected with magnetic valve, the switch of processor program Controlling solenoid valve, realize the switch of nutrient solution supply thus and irrigate the start and stop of circuit, 1 irrigation controller can control multiple irrigation circuit, one or more can be set in each greenhouse and irrigate circuit, carry out water-fertilizer integral irrigation targetedly as the case may be; Irrigation circuit in each greenhouse is provided with nutrient solution retracting device, can reclaim the unnecessary nutrient solution oozed out, and is injected in nutrient solution feed system by circulating line, realize recycling of nutrient solution, reaches and saves water, fertile object.
The course of work that water-fertilizer integral irrigates subsystem is: as shown in Figure 1, can arrange 2-7 fertilizer tank as the case may be, each fertilizer tank fills dissimilar fertilizer mother liquor respectively, holds acid solution in acid-regulating tank; Fertilizer tank is connected with mixed fertile tank by pipeline with acid-regulating tank, and every bar pipeline all installs magnetic valve, joins the opening and closing of fertile control module according to seetting program Controlling solenoid valve, realizes the online proportioning of different fertilizer; The nutrient solution that in mixed fertile tank, proportioning is complete is irrigated circuit to each and is supplied under the control of irrigation control module, and irrigation control module provides the irrigation scheme of different mode according to the switch of the Irrigation Controlling solenoid valve of program setting; The unnecessary nutrient solution oozed out is reclaimed by recovery channel, after recycling can middle water level reach a certain height, is drawn in mixed fertile tank by the nutrient solution of collection, realizes recycling of nutrient solution by water pump and magnetic valve, has good water saving, joint fertilizer efficiency fruit.
The nutrient solution recovery link that embodiment of the present invention water-fertilizer integral irrigates subsystem additionally provides substrate culture subsystem: by excavating plantation ditch on the ground, the cultivation matrix that in ditch, placement plastic film wraps up completely or packed matrix; Bottom one end film that level height is lower or bag containing soilless substrate bear, and install nylon filter additional; Perforate is connected with recovery main pipeline by reclaiming arm, as shown in Figure 2.
The course of work is: warm flooring trench digging 1, and ditch is south-north direction, wide 35 centimetres, dark 25 centimetres, north and south drop 5 centimetres-10 centimetres; In ditch, placement PE film 2 wraps up or packed cultivation matrix 3 completely; Bottom one end film that level height is lower or bag containing soilless substrate punching, and install nylon filter 4 additional; Perforate is connected with recovery main pipeline 6 by the recovery branch pipe(tube) 5 of the materials such as PVC, PE, PP; Such plantation ditch 1, cultivation matrix 3, nutrient solution return port 4, recovery branch pipe(tube) 5 and recovery main pipeline 6 form closed substrate culture subsystem, make cultivation matrix while avoiding connecing direct touching with soil, its temperature and soil temperature can also be kept to remain basically stable, solve the common soil-borne disease problem in traditional native cultivation pattern, can effectively utilize again soil thermal storage ability to keep crop root zone temperature.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation method, comprises following steps:
Real-time Collection is carried out to inside greenhouse environmental information and greenhouse external environmental information, and by the information transmission of collection to processor;
The information of process reception environment monitoring subsystem Real-time Collection, and treatment and analysis is carried out to the information of Real-time Collection,
According to the information control irrigation nutrient solution of processor process fertilizer ratio, irrigation method and irrigate circuit, and reclaim the nutrient solution oozed out, to realize recycling.
To sum up, the invention provides a kind of greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system and method, for in traditional greenhouse production, automaticity is low, soil continuous cropping obstacle is serious, resource utilization is low and the problem such as environmental pollution, effectively promote green house innovation and sustainable development.
It should be noted that, term " comprises " in this article, " comprising " or its any other variant be intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability, thus make to comprise the process of a series of key element, method, article or equipment and not only comprise those key elements, but also comprise other key elements clearly do not listed, or also comprise by the intrinsic key element of this process, method, article or equipment.When not more restrictions, the key element limited by statement " comprising ... ", and be not precluded within process, method, article or the equipment comprising described key element and also there is other identical element.
Above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.

Claims (9)

1. a greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system, is characterized in that, described system comprises: environmental monitoring subsystem, processor and water-fertilizer integral irrigate subsystem;
Described environmental monitoring subsystem, for carrying out Real-time Collection to inside greenhouse environmental information and greenhouse external environmental information, and by the information transmission of collection to processor;
Described processor, carries out treatment and analysis to the information of described environmental monitoring subsystem Real-time Collection,
Described water-fertilizer integral irrigates subsystem, according to the information control irrigation nutrient solution of processor process fertilizer ratio, irrigation method and irrigate circuit, and reclaim the nutrient solution oozed out, to realize recycling;
The nutrient solution recovery that described water-fertilizer integral irrigates subsystem comprises substrate culture subsystem, for planting ditch, the cultivation matrix that in ditch, placement plastic film wraps up completely or packed matrix by excavation on bottom surface; Bottom one end film that level height is lower or bag containing soilless substrate bear, and install nylon filter additional; Perforate is connected with recovery main pipeline by reclaiming arm.
2. greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described environmental monitoring subsystem comprises at least one environment monitoring node, outdoor weather station and aggregation node;
Wherein, described environment monitoring node by least one interior sensor monitoring greenhouse environment parameter, and by wireless transmission method by information transmission to aggregation node; Described outdoor weather station gathers outdoor temperature, humidity, intensity of illumination, rainfall, wind direction and wind speed information by least one outdoor sensor, and wirelessly the information collected is sent to aggregation node; Described aggregation node receives the information of described environment monitoring node and the transmission of described outdoor weather station, and the information of reception is sent to processor.
3. greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described interior sensor comprises: aerial temperature and humidity sensor, substrate temperature sensor, soil humidity sensor, intensity of illumination sensor and CO 2concentration sensor.
4. greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described outdoor sensor comprises: Temperature Humidity Sensor, light radiation sensor, rain sensor, air velocity transducer and wind transducer.
5. greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: data transmission is carried out by 433MHz or 2.4GHz wireless transmission frequency and aggregation node in described environment monitoring node and described outdoor weather station; Described aggregation node is connected with processor by 485 buses or wireless mode.
6. greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described water-fertilizer integral is irrigated subsystem and comprised irrigation controller, at least one fertilizer tank, acid-regulating tank, mixed fertile tank, at least one irrigation circuit and nutrient solution recovery subsystem;
Wherein, described irrigation controller comprises and joins fertile control module and irrigation control module;
Fill dissimilar fertilizer mother liquor in described fertilizer tank respectively, in described acid-regulating tank, hold acid solution; Described fertilizer tank is connected with described mixed fertile tank by joining fertile pipeline with described acid-regulating tank, join fertile pipeline described in every bar and all magnetic valve is installed, describedly join fertile control module controls described magnetic valve opening and closing according to pre-set programs, realize different fertilizer real-time online proportionings.
7. greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the nutrient solution that in described mixed fertile tank, proportioning is complete is supplied to described irrigation circuit by water pump, described irrigation control module, according to the Irrigation of program setting, controls the start and stop of described irrigation circuit solenoid;
Described nutrient solution reclaims subsystem and reclaims the nutrient solution oozed out, and when recycling can middle water level reaches preset height, is drawn in mixed fertile tank by the nutrient solution of collection, realizes recycling of nutrient solution by water pump and magnetic valve.
8. greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: each irrigation controller controls at least one and irrigates circuit, arranges at least one and irrigate circuit in each greenhouse.
9., based on a cultivation method for described greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system arbitrary in claim 1 ~ 8, it is characterized in that, comprise following steps:
Real-time Collection is carried out to inside greenhouse environmental information and greenhouse external environmental information, and by the information transmission of collection to processor;
The information of process reception environment monitoring subsystem Real-time Collection, and treatment and analysis is carried out to the information of Real-time Collection,
According to the information control irrigation nutrient solution of processor process fertilizer ratio, irrigation method and irrigate circuit, and reclaim the nutrient solution oozed out, to realize recycling.
CN201310533710.6A 2013-10-31 2013-10-31 Greenhouse by solar heat close type cultivation system and method Active CN103548621B (en)

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