CN111903384A - Plant cultivation tank device and cultivation method - Google Patents
Plant cultivation tank device and cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111903384A CN111903384A CN202010864493.9A CN202010864493A CN111903384A CN 111903384 A CN111903384 A CN 111903384A CN 202010864493 A CN202010864493 A CN 202010864493A CN 111903384 A CN111903384 A CN 111903384A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation devices, and provides a plant cultivation tank device and a cultivation method. The plant cultivation groove device comprises a cultivation groove, an irrigation and fertilization system, a circulating air supply system and a controller, wherein the side wall of the cultivation groove is provided with a ventilation opening, the ventilation opening is connected with a barrier strip, and the lower end of the barrier strip inclines towards the inside of the cultivation groove relative to the upper end; a liquid collecting groove is formed at the bottom of the cultivation groove, a leakage part is arranged above the liquid collecting groove, and the liquid collecting groove is connected with a liquid drainage pipeline; the irrigation and fertilization system comprises irrigation equipment and an irrigation pipeline for irrigating and fertilizing the cultivation tank, the irrigation pipeline is connected to the irrigation equipment, and the irrigation pipeline extends along the length direction of the cultivation tank; the circulating air supply system comprises a fan and an air supply pipeline connected with the fan, and the air supply pipeline is arranged in the liquid collecting tank; the controller is electrically connected with the irrigation equipment and the fan. The plant cultivation tank device and the cultivation method provided by the invention can regulate and control the temperature, humidity and air permeability of the cultivation tank and improve the production efficiency of plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation devices, in particular to a plant cultivation tank device and a cultivation method.
Background
The cultivation tank is more and more widely applied in plant production, and has the advantages of controllable root system environment, fixed volume of the used cultivation medium, convenient production operation and management and the like. At present, the common cultivation grooves have U-shaped, V-shaped, arc-shaped and the like in structure, and are made of plastics, foams, nylon net bags, brick grooves, metals and the like; the water and nutrient control of the cultivation tank usually adopts the modes of water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation, flood irrigation and leakage board combination and the like; the temperature of the cultivation tank is generally kept by adopting a heat-preservation foam tank, and an electric heating wire or a hot water pipe is arranged in the tank at the same time, or heat preservation is carried out by covering a film on the surface layer of the cultivation medium; generally, a breathable substrate net bag is used as a cultivation groove to ensure the air permeability of a plant root system.
Therefore, the moisture control and the ventilation of the conventional cultivation tank are passive, and the control of moisture, nutrients, temperature and ventilation rate often have certain contradictions. If a plant production mode of combining heating and drip irrigation of a heating wire in a heat-preservation foam cultivation groove is used, the temperature in the cultivation groove can be improved, the water control is ensured, but the air permeability of a root system is difficult to ensure, and if the water and the temperature in the cultivation groove need to be reduced, the water and the temperature can only be reduced by natural evaporation and heat exchange; if use ventilative matrix string bag to carry out plant cultivation, the air permeability can obtain certain promotion, but humidity and temperature are difficult to control and guarantee, and the mode root system local temperature that heating wire or hot-water line heated is higher moreover, can show to reduce plant roots resistance, increases the probability that the plant diseases and insect pests take place.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a plant production and cultivation device, which avoids the problem of low plant production efficiency caused by unreasonable control of environmental factors.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the plant cultivation groove device which can regulate and control the temperature, the humidity and the air permeability of the cultivation groove and improve the production efficiency of plants.
The invention also provides a cultivation method.
A plant growing tank apparatus according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes:
the cultivation tank is used for accommodating a cultivation medium, a ventilation opening is formed in the side wall of the cultivation tank, a partition bar is connected to the ventilation opening, and the lower end of the partition bar inclines towards the inside of the cultivation tank relative to the upper end; a liquid collecting groove is formed at the bottom of the cultivation groove, a leakage piece is arranged above the liquid collecting groove, and the liquid collecting groove is connected with a liquid drainage pipeline;
the irrigation and fertilization system comprises irrigation equipment and an irrigation pipeline for irrigating and fertilizing the cultivation tank, the irrigation pipeline is connected to the irrigation equipment, and the irrigation pipeline extends along the length direction of the cultivation tank;
the circulating air supply system comprises a fan and an air supply pipeline connected with the fan, and the air supply pipeline is arranged in the liquid collecting tank;
and the controller is electrically connected with the irrigation equipment and the fan.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the upper end of the barrier strip is connected to the side wall, and the lower end of the barrier strip extends into the cultivation tank; or the lower end of the barrier strip is connected to the side wall, and the upper end of the barrier strip extends towards the outer side of the side wall.
According to one embodiment of the invention, one end of the partial wall plate of the side wall is separated from the side wall and pushed into the cultivation groove or extended out of the cultivation groove to form the ventilation opening, and the barrier strip is the partial wall plate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of the ventilation openings are respectively arranged in the height direction and the length direction of the side wall; and/or the side wall is connected with a shielding piece which is suitable for shielding or ventilating the ventilation opening, and the upper end of the shielding piece is fixed on the side wall.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the leakage member is provided with a leakage hole.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the drainage pipeline comprises a U-shaped section, and a control valve is arranged between the U-shaped section and the liquid collecting tank;
and/or the air supply pipeline is a hose, and the air supply temperature of the air supply pipeline can be adjusted. The control valve is connected to the controller, and when the air supply pipeline supplies air, the control valve is set to be in a closed state, and the opening time of the control valve can be set according to a set value.
According to one embodiment of the invention, an end cap or another cultivation trough is detachably connected to the end of the cultivation trough.
According to one embodiment of the invention, at least one of a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the culture medium, an oxygen content sensor for measuring the oxygen content in the culture medium, a water content sensor for measuring the water content in the culture medium and an ion concentration sensor for measuring the soluble ion concentration of the culture medium is arranged in the culture tank, and at least one of the temperature sensor, the oxygen content sensor, the water content sensor and the ion concentration sensor is connected to the controller.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the cultivation device comprises a support, the cultivation tank is fixed on the support, the irrigation equipment is connected with a plurality of irrigation pipelines arranged in the cultivation tank, and the fan is connected with a plurality of air supply pipelines arranged in the cultivation tank. Each cultivation groove is at least provided with one air supply pipeline, a plurality of air supply pipelines of the cultivation grooves can be connected in parallel, and the plurality of air supply pipelines can be controlled in a centralized manner through one fan; in a similar way, a plurality of cultivation grooves are provided with a plurality of irrigation pipelines, and one piece of irrigation equipment is used for controlling a plurality of irrigation pipelines in a centralized manner, so that the cultivation device is suitable for actual production.
A cultivation method according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, comprising:
acquiring a real-time temperature value of the cultivation tank, comparing the real-time temperature value with a preset temperature value, and if the real-time temperature value is lower than the preset temperature value, supplying wind with a first temperature to the cultivation tank by a circulating wind supply system, wherein the first temperature is higher than or equal to the preset temperature value; if the real-time temperature value is higher than the preset temperature value, the circulating air supply system supplies air with a second temperature to the cultivation tank, and the second temperature is lower than or equal to the preset temperature value;
acquiring the real-time oxygen content of the cultivation tank, comparing the real-time oxygen content with a preset oxygen content, and if the real-time oxygen content is lower than the preset oxygen content, supplying air to the cultivation tank by a circulating air supply system;
acquiring the real-time water content of the cultivation tank, comparing the real-time water content with a preset water content, if the real-time water content is lower than the preset water content, supplying water to the cultivation tank by an irrigation and fertilization system, and if the real-time water content is higher than the preset water content, supplying air to the cultivation tank by a circulating air supply system;
acquiring the real-time ion concentration of a cultivation tank, comparing the real-time ion concentration with a preset ion concentration, if the real-time ion concentration is lower than the preset ion concentration, supplying water to the cultivation tank by an irrigation and fertilization system, and if the real-time ion concentration is higher than the preset ion concentration, supplying nutrient solution to the cultivation tank by the irrigation and fertilization system;
and when the circulating air supply system supplies air, a liquid discharge pipeline connected to the liquid collecting tank is closed.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:
the plant cultivation groove device comprises a cultivation groove, wherein the side wall of the cultivation groove is provided with a ventilation opening, so that the cultivation substrate is convenient to ventilate, and a barrier strip is arranged at the position of the ventilation opening to prevent the cultivation substrate or water in the cultivation groove from overflowing outwards; a liquid collecting tank is also arranged below the culture medium, and the liquid collecting tank collects redundant irrigation liquid in the culture medium so as to ensure the water content of the culture medium; a fertilizing and irrigating system is also arranged to provide irrigation liquid, such as water, nutrient solution and the like, for the culture medium; still set up circulation air feed system, the air feed pipeline sets up in the collecting tank, and the air feed pipeline ventilates in the cultivation inslot to the gas permeability and the regulation temperature that provide the culture medium, and can evaporate the irrigation liquid in the collecting tank, adjust the humidity of surrounding environment.
Furthermore, the cultivation method provided by the embodiment of the invention can adjust the temperature, humidity, water content and ion concentration of the cultivation substrate in the cultivation tank, and provides a proper growth environment for plants. The production efficiency of the plant is promoted.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a plant growing tank assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a plant growing tank assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a cultivation trough; 2: a barrier strip; 3: a liquid collecting tank; 4: an air supply pipeline; 5: plant growing; 6: an irrigation pipeline; 7: a culture medium; 8: a leakage member; 9: a support; 10: a drainage line; 11: a U-shaped section; 12: a control valve; 13: a shield.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
An embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, provides a plant cultivation tank device, which includes a cultivation tank 1, a fertigation system, a circulating air supply system, and a controller. The cultivation tank 1 is used for accommodating a cultivation substrate 7, the cultivation substrate 7 is used for planting plants 5, the irrigation and fertilization system is used for supplying nutrient substances or water to the cultivation substrate 7, and the circulating air supply system is used for adjusting the temperature, the humidity and the like of the cultivation substrate 7.
The side wall of the cultivation groove 1 is provided with a ventilation opening, the ventilation opening is connected with a barrier strip 2, the lower end of the barrier strip 2 inclines towards the inside of the cultivation groove 1 relative to the upper end of the barrier strip, the cultivation medium 7 in the cultivation groove 1 can be ventilated through the ventilation opening, and the barrier strip 2 separates and blocks the ventilation opening to prevent water or the cultivation medium 7 from overflowing from the ventilation opening. Wherein, the partition strip 2 inclines, and the lower end of the partition strip 2 inclines inwards relative to the upper end, so that irrigation liquid can be prevented from flowing out along the air holes during irrigation.
The bottom of cultivation groove 1 is formed with collecting tank 3, and collecting tank 3's top sets up seepage piece 8, and collecting tank 3 is connected with drainage pipeline 10, and collecting tank 3 is used for collecting the irrigation liquid that flows into it, and the irrigation liquid in the collecting tank 3 is concentrated through drainage pipeline 10 and is discharged or is retrieved and recycle, solves the too big problem of humidity that the too much cultivation matrix 7 that leads to of irrigation liquid replenishment, guarantees the growth of plant 5. The leakage piece 8 has a leakage function, the cultivation substrate 7 above the leakage piece 8 is suspended above the liquid collecting tank 3 through the leakage piece 8, water in the cultivation substrate 7 can be analyzed, irrigation liquid is prevented from flowing back to the cultivation substrate 7, and the influence of the excessive irrigation liquid on the cultivation substrate 7 is reduced.
Fertigation system includes irrigation equipment and is used for irrigating and the irrigation pipe way 6 of fertilizeing to cultivating in the groove 1, and irrigation pipe way 6 connects in irrigation equipment, and irrigation pipe way 6 extends along the length direction of cultivating groove 1. Irrigation equipment can be for supplying with the pump that irrigation liquid carried power, irrigation equipment supplies irrigation liquid to irrigation pipe 6, and irrigation liquid carries each position of cultivation groove 1 along irrigation pipe 6 to satisfy the growth demand of plant 5. The irrigation liquid may be water or a nutrient solution, and different compositions of irrigation liquid are supplied at different growth stages of the plant 5.
The circulating air supply system comprises a fan and an air supply pipeline 4 connected to the fan, the air supply pipeline 4 is arranged in the liquid collecting tank 3, and the air supply pipeline 4 supplies air to the cultivation tank 1 to guarantee the ventilation effect of the cultivation medium and realize temperature regulation and humidity regulation of the cultivation medium. The circulation air supply system is matched with the ventilation port, so that the air can flow conveniently.
The controller is connected with irrigation equipment and fan electricity, and opening of controller control irrigation equipment and fan stops, makes things convenient for the running state of automatic regulation and control irrigation equipment and fan. The controller can be a single chip microcomputer, a microprocessor and other structures and can be selected according to requirements.
In combination with the above, the plant cultivation tank device of this embodiment, through ventilative mouthful and circulating ventilation system cooperation, multiple parameters such as the temperature of adjustable cultivation matrix 7, humidity, oxygen content guarantee that plant 5 is in suitable growing environment. The liquid collecting tank 3 is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation tank 1, and can collect and discharge redundant irrigation liquid in the cultivation tank 1, so that water accumulation in the cultivation substrate 7 is avoided; due to the arrangement of the circulating air supply system, the fan can supply air with different temperatures according to requirements, and the temperature and the humidity of the culture medium 7 can be conveniently adjusted.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the upper end of the barrier rib 2 is connected to the side wall, the lower end of the barrier rib 2 is inserted into the cultivation tank 1, and the lower end of the barrier rib 2 is positioned lower than the lower end of the ventilation opening to block the inner side of the ventilation opening and prevent water, cultivation substrate 7, and the like in the cultivation tank 1 from overflowing through the ventilation opening.
In one embodiment, one end of a partial wall plate of the side wall is separated from the side wall and pushed into the cultivation groove 1 to form an air vent, the barrier strip 2 is the partial wall plate, namely, the barrier strip 2 is formed by bending a part of the wall plate of the side wall into the cultivation groove 1, and the barrier strip 2 is in a shutter mode and is simple in structure and convenient to process.
Generally, the material of the cultivation groove is a heat-insulating shaping material, so that the partition bar 2 can be conveniently and directly bent and formed, and no hole is formed in the partition bar 2.
Of course, the barrier ribs 2 can also be parts independent of the side wall and can be installed in a plugging, clamping or welding mode and the like; or the baffle strip 2, the ventilation opening and the side wall are integrally formed, and the forming mode can be injection molding, pouring and the like.
Wherein, ventilative mouthful are the indent opening, and indent side bottommost side edge is balanced or slightly low with outside opening bottom edge, prevents that irrigation liquid manure runs off and matrix oozes. In addition, non-woven fabrics can be paved in the cultivation groove, which is favorable for preventing the substrate from leaking outside the cultivation groove.
In another embodiment, which differs from the above-described embodiment, the barrier rib 2 is connected at its lower end to the side wall, and the barrier rib 2 extends at its upper end to the outside of the side wall (not shown in the drawings). The barrier strip 2 is connected to the side wall and extends towards the outer side of the cultivation groove 1, and can also play a role in preventing water or cultivation substrates 7 from flowing out through the ventilation openings. The upper end of the barrier strip 2 is generally higher than the upper end of the ventilation opening.
In one embodiment, one end of the partial wall plate of the side wall is separated from the side wall and extends out of the cultivation tank 1 to form a ventilation opening, and the barrier strip 2 is the partial wall plate, namely the barrier strip 2 is formed by bending a part of the wall plate of the side wall outwards of the cultivation tank 1, and the structure is simple and the processing is convenient.
In one embodiment, the height direction and the length direction of the side wall are respectively provided with a plurality of ventilation openings, so that ventilation and air permeation are facilitated at various positions of the side wall. Referring to fig. 1, the side wall is provided with two air vents in the height direction, and 2-3 air vents can be arranged in general to ensure the strength of the cultivation tank 1. Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of ventilation openings are formed in the longitudinal direction of the side wall to ensure uniform ventilation at each position of the cultivation tank 1.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a shielding piece 13 suitable for shielding or ventilating the ventilation opening is connected to the side wall, the upper end of the shielding piece 13 is fixed to the side wall, the lower end of the shielding piece 13 is movable, and when air is not supplied to the cultivation tank, the shielding piece 13 is naturally attached to the side wall of the cultivation tank to shield the ventilation opening, so that the temperature and the humidity in the cultivation tank can be kept; when the cultivation groove needs ventilation, the shielding piece 13 can be blown up by wind, and the wind can be smoothly blown out from the ventilation port, so that the adjustment of the humidity and the temperature in the cultivation groove is realized.
Wherein, the shielding piece 13 can be a plastic film, and the upper end of the plastic film is bonded and fixed on the side wall or fixed on the side wall through a drawing pin. The shield 13 may also be a lightweight plastic, a light and thin foam, etc. The shielding piece 13 can be made of transparent material, so that the state of the ventilation opening can be conveniently observed.
The shielding piece 13 is provided with a binding band, and when the cultivation groove needs large-scale forced ventilation, the shielding piece 13 is bound and fixed through the binding band, so that the ventilation opening is completely opened, and the ventilation effect is ensured.
In one embodiment, the weep member 8 is provided with weep holes, which are evenly distributed over the weep member 8, through which excess moisture in the growth substrate 7 flows into the drip chamber 3.
A gap is arranged between the leakage piece 8 and the inner wall of the cultivation groove 1, and the moisture in the cultivation substrate 7 can also flow into the liquid collecting groove 3 through the gap.
The leakage member 8 may have a plate-like structure or a film structure. When the leakage piece 8 is of a plate-shaped structure, the width of the leakage plate is slightly larger than that of the liquid collecting tank 3, the support stability of the leakage piece 8 on the culture medium 7 above the leakage piece is good, the service life is long, and the repeated utilization is convenient. When the leakage member 8 is of a thin film structure, the thickness of the thin film structure is small, and the space occupied by the cultivation tank 1 is small, so that the space of the cultivation tank 1 is fully utilized.
In one embodiment, the drainage conduit 10 includes a U-shaped section 11, and the U-shaped section 11 is used to seal the drainage conduit 10 when the air supply conduit 4 supplies air to prevent air from entering or exiting through the drainage conduit 10. A control valve 12 is arranged between the U-shaped section 11 and the liquid collecting tank 3, and the control valve 12 can regulate and control the opening and closing of the liquid discharge pipeline 10. Wherein, the control valve 12 chooses the solenoid valve for use, convenient control, and the control valve 12 can also choose other valve structures for use.
The electromagnetic valve is connected to the controller, and when the air supply pipeline supplies air, the electromagnetic valve is set to be in a closed state, and the opening time of the electromagnetic valve can also be set according to a set value.
In one embodiment, the air supply pipe 4 is provided in the sump 3 for easy installation, and supplies air upward from the lower end of the cultivation tank 1, so that the cultivation substrate 7 can be sufficiently ventilated by using the principle that air flows upward. Wherein, a certain number of air outlets are uniformly arranged on the air supply pipeline 4, and the diameter of the air supply pipeline 4 is smaller than the width and the height of the liquid collecting tank 3.
The temperature of the air supplied to the cultivation groove 1 by the air supply pipeline 4 is adjustable, the air outlet of the fan can be provided with heating wires, and the power of the heating wires is adjusted according to a preset temperature value, so that the temperature of the circulating air supply system can be accurately regulated and controlled.
In one embodiment, the air supply line 4 is a hose, which has a long service life and is easy to install and collect. When the fan supplies air, the air supplies the air supply pipeline 4 to be supported by the air, and the air is ventilated to a plurality of positions in the cultivation tank 1. When air supply is not needed, the air supply pipeline 4 floats on the waste liquid in the liquid collecting tank 3, and the waste liquid entering the air supply pipeline 4 can be reduced.
In one embodiment, the end of the cultivation tank 1 is detachably connected with an end cover, and the two ends of the cultivation tank 1 are closed through the end cover. After the end cover of 1 any one end of cultivation groove was dismantled, another cultivation groove can be connected to increase the whole length of cultivation groove, conveniently process into a plurality of detachable units with the cultivation groove, convenient transportation just can be assembled as required.
In another embodiment, the difference with the above embodiment is that the end of the cultivation tank 1 is detachably connected with another cultivation tank, the whole length of the cultivation tank can be increased, and when the assembled whole length meets the requirement, the end of the assembled cultivation tank is closed through an end cover.
In one embodiment, at least one of a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the culture medium 7, an oxygen content sensor for measuring the oxygen content in the culture medium 7, a moisture sensor for measuring the water content in the culture medium 7, and an ion concentration sensor for measuring the soluble ion concentration of the culture medium 7 is provided in the culture tank 1, and at least one of the temperature sensor, the oxygen content sensor, the moisture sensor, and the ion concentration sensor is connected to the controller. Temperature sensor, oxygen content sensor, moisture sensor and ion concentration sensor can monitor temperature, oxygen content, moisture, ion concentration, according to the monitoring result, can ventilate, supply with irrigation liquid to satisfy plant 5 growth demand.
At least one of a temperature sensor, an oxygen content sensor, a moisture sensor, and an ion concentration sensor is provided in the cultivation tank 1. In general, four sensors, i.e., a temperature sensor, an oxygen content sensor, a moisture sensor, and an ion concentration sensor, are installed in the cultivation tank 1. The ion concentration sensor can be an EC sensor.
In one embodiment, the plant cultivation tank device comprises a plurality of brackets 9, the cultivation tank 1 is fixed on the brackets 9, the irrigation equipment is connected with a plurality of irrigation pipelines 6 arranged in the cultivation tank 1, the irrigation pipelines 6 are positioned on the surface layer of the cultivation substrate, and the drip holes of the irrigation pipelines 6 are arranged near the roots of the plants. The fan is connected with a plurality of air supply pipelines 4 arranged in the plurality of cultivation tanks 1. The plurality of cultivation grooves 1 are connected in parallel, and the air supply pipeline 4 and the irrigation pipeline 6 are respectively controlled in a centralized manner through a fan and an irrigation device, so that the cultivation cost can be simplified.
The longitudinal section of the liquid collecting tank 3 in the embodiment is U-shaped, so that irrigation liquid is conveniently collected.
The cultivation tank 1 in the above embodiment is generally made of a heat insulating material with a certain thickness.
The plant cultivation tank device of the embodiment can accurately control the temperature, humidity, water content and ion concentration of the cultivation substrate 7 in the cultivation tank 1, avoid the situation that the plant is stressed by adverse environment due to improper root system temperature and humidity and insufficient air permeability, and can also increase the ambient humidity around the plant 5 by using the liquid in the liquid collection tank 3, so as to realize efficient and clean cultivation of the plant; the cultivation trough is suitable for cultivation of various plants 5, wide in application range, simple in structure and low in cost of the plant cultivation trough device.
The plant cultivation groove device is introduced by taking strawberry seedling cultivation as an example:
selecting a single cultivation groove 1 with foam of 30 cm in total width and 25 cm in depth, wherein the total length of the assembled cultivation grooves 1 is not more than 30 m, firstly laying an air supply pipeline 4 with the diameter of 5cm, uniformly arranging micro air holes on the air supply pipeline, laying a leakage piece 8 and a layer of non-woven fabric, filling a cultivation substrate 7, laying an irrigation pipeline 6 near the root of a plant 5 on the surface layer of the cultivation substrate 7, fixedly planting strawberries according to an S shape at the plant spacing of 20cm, laying one irrigation pipeline 6 with the drip hole spacing of 10cm, or laying two irrigation pipelines 6 with the drip hole spacing of 20 cm. After field planting, black and white covering films are laid above the culture substrate 7, and each sensor is connected with the controller.
The preset temperature value of the culture medium 7 is set to be 18 ℃, the preset water content of the culture medium 7 is 70%, after the strawberries are fixed, the fertilizing and irrigating system starts to work, the water content of the culture medium 7 reaches over 70% after a certain period of irrigation, the circulating air supply system is started to raise the temperature of the culture medium 7 to the preset temperature value, redundant water in the culture medium 7 is evaporated through an air vent on the side wall of the culture groove 1, the temperature and the humidity of the culture medium 7 gradually reach the preset values, and the air humidity around the culture groove 1 is gradually increased. If the humidity of the air is not required to be increased, the excessive moisture in the sump 3 is directly discharged through the drain line 10.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a cultivation method according to a second aspect of the present invention includes:
acquiring a real-time temperature value of the cultivation tank 1, comparing the real-time temperature value with a preset temperature value, and if the real-time temperature value is lower than the preset temperature value, supplying wind with a first temperature to the cultivation tank 1 by the circulating wind supply system, wherein the first temperature is higher than or equal to the preset temperature value; if the real-time temperature value is higher than the preset temperature value, the circulating air supply system supplies air with a second temperature to the cultivation tank 1, and the second temperature is lower than or equal to the preset temperature value;
acquiring the real-time oxygen content of the cultivation tank 1, comparing the real-time oxygen content with a preset oxygen content, and if the real-time oxygen content is lower than the preset oxygen content, supplying air to the cultivation tank 1 by a circulating air supply system;
acquiring the real-time water content of the cultivation tank 1, comparing the real-time water content with the preset water content, if the real-time water content is lower than the preset water content, supplying water to the cultivation tank 1 by the irrigation and fertilization system, and if the real-time water content is higher than the preset water content, supplying air to the cultivation tank 1 by the circulating air supply system;
the real-time ion concentration of the cultivation tank 1 is obtained, the real-time ion concentration is compared with the preset ion concentration, if the real-time ion concentration is lower than the preset ion concentration, the irrigation and fertilization system supplies water to the cultivation tank 1, and if the real-time ion concentration is higher than the preset ion concentration, the irrigation and fertilization system supplies nutrient solution to the cultivation tank 1.
When the water content or the nutrients of the root system of the plant 5 need to be increased, namely the ion concentration (nutrient concentration) of the culture substrate 7 is too high or too low, the irrigation and fertilization system is started, the irrigation pipeline 6 supplies irrigation liquid to the culture substrate 7, and redundant water and nutrients can be drained through the leakage part. When the water content of the plant root system needs to be reduced, starting a circulating air supply system; when the water content of the culture substrate 7 is too high, the circulation air supply system can accelerate ventilation in the culture tank 1 to promote water evaporation; when the water content of the culture substrate 7 is too low, the water content can be adjusted by irrigation equipment to irrigate clear water or fertilize water. When the content of nutrients around the root system of the plant needs to be reduced, the irrigation and fertilization system is started to irrigate clear water; and when the temperature and the oxygen content of the substrate are higher or lower than preset values, the circulating air supply system is started. When the temperature in the culture substrate 7 is too high or too low, the circulation air supply system can supply air with preset temperature to the culture tank 1 to control and regulate. When the external humidity of the cultivation tank 1 is too low, the humidity can be increased by combining irrigation and ventilation or ventilation of the drainage pipeline 10 in the closed cultivation tank 1, if the humidity does not need to be increased, the liquid in the liquid collecting tank 3 can be directly discharged.
The cultivation method of the present embodiment can be implemented by using the plant cultivation tank device of the above embodiment, and the controller achieves the purpose of accurately controlling the temperature and humidity in the cultivation tank 1 through the preset value and the control logic.
The cultivation method of this embodiment can reach temperature, humidity, moisture content, ion concentration collaborative accurate control in the cultivation groove 1, and cultivation groove 1 is suitable moisture, nutrient, temperature and gas permeability for guaranteeing the plant roots simultaneously.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plant growing tank apparatus, comprising:
the cultivation tank is used for accommodating a cultivation medium, a ventilation opening is formed in the side wall of the cultivation tank, a partition bar is connected to the ventilation opening, and the lower end of the partition bar inclines towards the inside of the cultivation tank relative to the upper end; a liquid collecting groove is formed at the bottom of the cultivation groove, a leakage piece is arranged above the liquid collecting groove, and the liquid collecting groove is connected with a liquid drainage pipeline;
the irrigation and fertilization system comprises irrigation equipment and an irrigation pipeline for irrigating and fertilizing the cultivation tank, the irrigation pipeline is connected to the irrigation equipment, and the irrigation pipeline extends along the length direction of the cultivation tank;
the circulating air supply system comprises a fan and an air supply pipeline connected with the fan, and the air supply pipeline is arranged in the liquid collecting tank;
and the controller is electrically connected with the irrigation equipment and the fan.
2. The plant growing tank arrangement of claim 1, wherein the upper end of the barrier rib is connected to the side wall and the lower end of the barrier rib extends into the growing tank; or the lower end of the barrier strip is connected to the side wall, and the upper end of the barrier strip extends towards the outer side of the side wall.
3. The plant growing tank assembly of claim 1 wherein said partial wall panels of said side walls are separated at one end from said side walls and pushed into or out of said growing tank to form said ventilation openings, said barrier strips being said partial wall panels.
4. The plant growth tank device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the ventilation openings are provided in each of a height direction and a length direction of the side wall;
and/or the side wall is connected with a shielding piece which is suitable for shielding or ventilating the ventilation opening, and the upper end of the shielding piece is fixed on the side wall.
5. The plant growing tank apparatus of claim 1, wherein said weep member defines weep holes.
6. The plant growing tank arrangement of claim 1, wherein said drain line includes a U-shaped section with a control valve disposed between said U-shaped section and said drip trough;
and/or the air supply pipeline is a hose, and the air supply temperature of the air supply pipeline can be adjusted.
7. A plant growing tank arrangement according to claim 1, wherein an end cap or another growing tank is detachably connected to the end of the growing tank.
8. The plant growing tank apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of a temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the growing medium, an oxygen content sensor for measuring an oxygen content in the growing medium, a water content sensor for measuring a water content in the growing medium, and an ion concentration sensor for measuring a soluble ion concentration of the growing medium is provided in the growing tank, and at least one of the temperature sensor, the oxygen content sensor, the water content sensor, and the ion concentration sensor is connected to the controller.
9. The plant growing tank apparatus of claim 1, including a support frame, said growing tank being secured to said support frame, said irrigation device being connected to a plurality of said irrigation lines disposed within said growing tank, and said fan being connected to a plurality of said air supply lines disposed within said growing tank.
10. A method of cultivation, comprising:
acquiring a real-time temperature value of the cultivation tank, comparing the real-time temperature value with a preset temperature value, and if the real-time temperature value is lower than the preset temperature value, supplying wind with a first temperature to the cultivation tank by a circulating wind supply system, wherein the first temperature is higher than or equal to the preset temperature value; if the real-time temperature value is higher than the preset temperature value, the circulating air supply system supplies air with a second temperature to the cultivation tank, and the second temperature is lower than or equal to the preset temperature value;
acquiring the real-time oxygen content of the cultivation tank, comparing the real-time oxygen content with a preset oxygen content, and if the real-time oxygen content is lower than the preset oxygen content, supplying air to the cultivation tank by a circulating air supply system;
acquiring the real-time water content of the cultivation tank, comparing the real-time water content with a preset water content, if the real-time water content is lower than the preset water content, supplying water to the cultivation tank by an irrigation and fertilization system, and if the real-time water content is higher than the preset water content, supplying air to the cultivation tank by a circulating air supply system;
acquiring the real-time ion concentration of a cultivation tank, comparing the real-time ion concentration with a preset ion concentration, if the real-time ion concentration is lower than the preset ion concentration, supplying water to the cultivation tank by an irrigation and fertilization system, and if the real-time ion concentration is higher than the preset ion concentration, supplying nutrient solution to the cultivation tank by the irrigation and fertilization system;
and when the circulating air supply system supplies air, a liquid discharge pipeline connected to the liquid collecting tank is closed.
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| CN202010864493.9A CN111903384A (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Plant cultivation tank device and cultivation method |
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