CN103539568B - Nutrient synergistic anti-caking compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Nutrient synergistic anti-caking compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN103539568B
CN103539568B CN201310526054.7A CN201310526054A CN103539568B CN 103539568 B CN103539568 B CN 103539568B CN 201310526054 A CN201310526054 A CN 201310526054A CN 103539568 B CN103539568 B CN 103539568B
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fertilizer
wheat
compound fertilizer
present
test
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CN103539568A (en
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张爱中
安春香
彭铸
周春晖
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Henan Zhongwei Chunyu plant nutrition Co., Ltd
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Prestige High-Tech Chemical Industry Co Ltd In Henan
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Abstract

The invention relates to nutrient synergistic anti-caking compound fertilizer. The nutrient synergistic anti-caking compound fertilizer comprises compound fertilizer and DA-6 crude oil, wherein the weight content of the DA-6 crude oil is 0.01-0.1% of the weight of the compound fertilizer. The fertilizer can effectively prevent and solve the caking problem of the compound fertilizer, is nutritious and efficient, and can increase the yield of crops by above 8-15% when being used for bottom application or topdressing.

Description

A kind of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop technical field of fertilizers, be specifically related to a kind of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Agricultural modernization is had higher requirement to chemical fertilizer, and its development trend is exactly high concentration, Composite and customizations.At present, composite fertilizer is all being greatly developed in countries in the world, and the ratio that composite fertilizer occupies in the production and consumption of chemical fertilizer is increasing.Some developed countries even can reach 70 ~ 80%, and the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of China development start late, only account for about 20% at present, therefore develop composite fertilizer be China accelerate agricultural modernization in the urgent need to.So-called composite fertilizer just refers in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three kinds of nutrients, has at least the nutrient of two kinds of declarable contents to be the fertilizer be made up of chemical process and (or) mixing method.Product wherein containing two kinds of nutrients is two yuan of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers, and the fertilizer containing three kinds of nutrients is ternary compound fertilizer.In recent years, in common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, add the fertilizer of some trace elements, be called as multi-element compound fertilizer.In addition, some fertilizer products add agricultural chemicals or growth hormone in traditional Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, are called as multifunction mixed compound fertilizer.In China, composite fertilizer is the general designation of compound manure and mixed fertilizer, conventional kind can be called as respectively change into composite fertilizer, blend together composite fertilizer, fusion is fertile, organic-inorganic compound mixed fertilizer.
At present, the compound fertilizer share of China is about 32%, and physical output is about fifty-five million ton.Composite fertilizer is in production process and in the shelf lives, and easy moisture absorption caking, particle adhesion, decomposition of making moist, make it use uneven, reduces fertilizer efficiency.Large quantity research shows, the plant recovery of nutrient of existing Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is lower, this season utilization ratio about 30% of such as nitrogen, phosphorus this season utilization ratio about 25%, potassium this season utilization ratio about 45%.Therefore, how solving composite fertilizer caking and improving fertilizer nutrient utilization is the focus that people pay close attention to and study all the time.
In recent years, domestic and international raising utilization rate of fertilizer mainly contains following approach: 1) Envelope type Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, coated fertilizer used mainly contains two classes, one is organic high molecular polymer (such as resins polyolefins class), and two is inorganic materials (as sulphur, ground phosphate rock, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate etc.) of slightly water-soluble or microsolubility.2) urea aldehyde Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, utilizes the feature that urea and formaldehyde can react, and passes into formaldehyde, had the urea aldehyde Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of slow-releasing by rotary drum or high tower explained hereafter in the process of producing Chemical Mixed Fertilizer in urea melting liquid.The Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of above-mentioned production technique is because of complex process, and production cost is high, and production capacity is low, in agriculture production, particularly on field crop, is difficult to large scale application.The inorganic anti-hard caking agent of current interpolation, the mineral filler adopted has diatomite, bentonite sodium, wilkinite calcium, kaolin, zeolite etc., mineral filler is adsorbed on composite fertilizer particle surface, caking is prevented by buffer action, though there is certain effect, but consumption is large, and excessive mineral filler also can cause dust, causes environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer, comprise composite fertilizer, it is also containing DA-6 crude oil, and this DA-6 crude oil is coated on composite fertilizer surface.Wherein, the DA-6 crude oil of preferred purity 98%.
Concrete, the weight content of described DA-6 crude oil is 0.01 0.1% of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer doses.
The preparation method of described nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer: composite fertilizer and DA-6 crude oil are delivered in proportion packing after stirring in mixing and blending machine.
Product of the present invention is mainly with 50kg/ bag, and the superposition mode of stacking of 15 bag of one buttress is placed in warehouse, can keep loose state about 3 months of not luming.Field using method: mu product 30 40kg of the present invention, bottom application or impose use.
Above-mentioned composite fertilizer can be any one composite fertilizer that market has been bought, as binary compound fertilizer, ternary compound fertilizer, multi-element compound fertilizer etc.
Innovative point of the present invention is to select the DA-6 of 98% crude state to carry out composite composite fertilizer as the agent of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block.DA-6 is that first American scientist found beginning of the nineties 21 century, and international academic community is praised highly most, has the compound of very high biological activity.Prove that DA-6 is newfound a kind of efficient plant growth material through test both at home and abroad, to multiple kinds of crops, there is significant volume increase, degeneration-resistant, disease-resistant, the effect such as oil recovery enhancement, precocity.DA-6 is nontoxic, have no side effect, noresidue, and better with the consistency of ecotope, this is that other plant growth promoter does not have, and it can be composite with multiple element, can also and bactericide compounded use, strengthen the resistance against diseases of plant, improve sterilization effect; It can strengthen the anti-adversity abilities such as crop cold resistance, drought resisting, waterlogging-resistant, resistant to lodging, disease-resistant, anti-poisoning, more than 8 15% can be increased production, precocious 5 10 days, the content of the nutritive ingredients such as the protein of product, amino acid, VITAMIN, sugar, carotene can be improved, improve the quality of product, make fruit prods painted good, fruit type is attractive in appearance, mouthfeel good, improve commodity, extend the breeding time etc. of vegetables.
Plant-growth regulator DA-6 forms a coating film at composite fertilizer particle surface after mixing with composite fertilizer particle with crude state, prevents the contact between particle, and increases the intensity of fertiliser granulates, thus plays the good result of anti-caking and anti-efflorescence.DA-6 is as a kind of efficient plant growth regulator, and the decomposition rate of tunable nutritive element is consistent with the regulation of fertilizer requirement of crop, removes the antagonistic action between various nutrient elements, facilitates release and crop the absorbing various nutritive element of fertilizer nutrient.
Compared to the prior art, composite fertilizer tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1) effectively prevent and solve the agglomeration problems of composite fertilizer.
2) by promoting crop root growth, strengthening the effect of improving activity of root system aspect, improving crop to the receptivity of nutrient, the specific absorption of nitrogen can be made to improve 10 15%, and the specific absorption of phosphorus improves more than 5%, and the specific absorption of potassium improves 10 20%; Can nutrient loss be reduced, avoid secondary pollution, reduce agriculture production cost.
3) product of the present invention is applicable to all kinds of crop and soil, has obvious disease-resistant drought resisting, effect cold-resistant, resistant to lodging after being manured into soil to crop, and effectively can improve the ability that soil stores nutrient.Use product of the present invention can improve crop yield more than 8 15%.
4) adding technology of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block agent (98%DA-6 crude oil) in production of compound fertilizer is simple, and cost is low, produces and have a extensive future in Industry Promotion in synergia compound fertilizer.
Embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
embodiment 1
A kind of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer, it is made up of the raw material of following weight per-cent: 99.9% ternary compound fertilizer (17-17-17) and 0.1%DA-6 crude oil (purity 98%).
The preparation method of described nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer: composite fertilizer and DA-6 crude oil are delivered in proportion packing after stirring in mixing and blending machine.
embodiment 2
A kind of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer, it is made up of the raw material of following weight per-cent: 99.95% ternary compound fertilizer (18-18-18) and 0.05%DA-6 crude oil (purity 98%).Preparation method is with reference to embodiment 1.
embodiment 3
A kind of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer, it is made up of the raw material of following weight per-cent: 99.99% ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) and 0.01%DA-6 crude oil (purity 98%).Preparation method is with reference to embodiment 1.
one) be the effect of checking fertilizer of the present invention, carry out wheat field experiment for ternary compound fertilizer (17-17-17).
test materials and method
1.1 for examination material
This test is located at Hong Wei village, Shang Dian town, Wugang City and carries out, and experimental field soil is yellowish soil, and quality is glutinous earth.Topsoil soils Nutrient Concentration Status is: organic 1.28 g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 70.5 mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 15.2 mg/kg, available potassium 117 mg/kg.
For trial product: ternary compound fertilizer material (17-17-17); Product described in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
For studying thing: wheat (kind: many wheats No. 1).
1.2 test design
2 process are established in this test, adopt the form of base fertilizer+twice fertilising of topdressing to apply fertilizer whole breeding time to wheat.
Process 1: use ternary compound fertilizer material (17-17-17), bottom application 40 kilograms+impose 30 kilograms.
Process 2: use product described in the embodiment of the present invention 1, bottom application 40 kilograms+impose 30 kilograms.
1.3 test method
Field plot trial, planting density: 20cm × 26cm, repeats for 3 times.Topdress respectively as wheat base fertilizer and jointing stage for trial product and use.
4.8 mu of wheat paddocks in Hong Wei village, Shang Dian town of selected Wugang City are as experimental plot.Each process arranges 3 repetitions.Community is surveyed to produce and is adopted random five point samplings, and often is gathered in one square metre.Carry out species test, survey and produce.
results and analysis
2.1 different treatment are on the impact of wheat species test correlated character
Species test result (see table 1) shows, the spike number that product described in the winter wheat embodiment of the present invention 1 increases and spikelet number are respectively 4.8 and 0.9, increase plant height 3.6cm, increase spike length 1.0cm, especially obvious to reduce ineffective tillering and to increase grain number per spike, be respectively 1.2 strains and 498.3.0.4g is increased to thousand seed weight.
2.2 different treatment are on the impact of wheat yield
Each process is at ripening stage random five point samplings, and often is gathered in one square metre, and survey and produce, statistics is in table 2.
table 2 different treatment is on the impact of wheat yield
Repeat 1 Repeat 2 Repeat 3 On average (kg) Units increased in production (kg) Stimulation ratio (%)
Process 1 473.36 496.69 480.03 483.36 - -
Process 2 523.69 533.36 560.03 539.03 55.67 11.52
As can be seen from Table 2, between each process difference repeats, determination of yield has certain difference, but change is little.The mean value repeated for 3 times between two process is respectively 483.36kg, 539.03kg.Compared with conventional fertilizer application, process 2 output using product described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 significantly improves, and mu units increased in production is 55.67kg, and stimulation ratio is 11.52%.Significance analysis shows, reaches pole conspicuous level.
test Summary
Known by testing, as can be seen from above-mentioned test, the winter wheat embodiment of the present invention 1 product has following effect:
(1) product described in the winter wheat embodiment of the present invention 1 can increase the tiller number of wheat, spike number, spikelet number, thousand seed weight.The ineffective tillering number of remarkable reduction wheat, significantly increases the grain number per spike of wheat plant.
(2) use product described in the embodiment of the present invention 1, wheat per mu yield can be significantly improved.On average every mu of units increased in production is 55.67kg, and stimulation ratio is 11.52%.Significance analysis shows, reaches pole conspicuous level.
(3) therefore, product described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 can large scale application on wheat.
two) following wheat field experiment is carried out for ternary compound fertilizer (18-18-18):
1 test objective
For checking product of the present invention is used as wheat base fertilizer and topdresses, on the impact of wheat plant growth traits, yield traits aspect and the effect to fertilizer synergistic aspect, JP opens up this test.
test materials and method
2.1 test materials
(1) for studying thing: wheat (kind: short by anti-58)
(2) for trial product: ternary compound fertilizer material (18-18-18); Product described in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
2.2 test design
2 process are established in this test, adopt the form of base fertilizer+twice fertilising of topdressing to apply fertilizer whole breeding time to wheat.
Process 1: use ternary compound fertilizer material (18-18-18), bottom application 40 kilograms+impose 30 kilograms.
Process 2: use product described in the embodiment of the present invention 2, bottom application 40 kilograms+impose 30 kilograms.
2.3 test method
This test is located at Henan Agriculture Vocationl Technical College, and agronomic trials field is carried out.Department of Soil's moisture soil class, yellow moist soil subclass, main physicochemical character is organic 1.38%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 92.93ppm, and rapid available phosphorus 20.37ppm, available potassium 112.50ppm, fertility is above the average.Protocols call division of cells (every community 30m is pressed on October 5th, 2011 2), apply fertilizer.Select short anti-58 kinds to sow, the mu amount of broadcasting is 15kg; On March 15th, 2012, topdress by scheme during wheat during jointing stage; Need to carry out watering according to wheat growth during wheat growth, the field management work such as intertill and clean tillage, preventing disease pest control.Record sow, apply fertilizer, topdress date and field mainly operate item and number of times etc.
2.4 proterties investigation
Seedling stage: each community in seedling stage fixed 1 meter of row long investigation basic seedling amount of sampling point 3 respectively.Observe each process plant growing way, resistance and leaf character, as leaf look, Ye Kuan, vane thickness etc. simultaneously.
Wintering Period and period of seedling establishment: these two periods are investigated locating point respectively, investigate colony's number, secondary radical and the number of blade, the number of blade and each point of secondary radical each investigation 10 strain respectively.Observe each process plant growing way, resistance and leaf character, as leaf look, Ye Kuan, vane thickness etc. simultaneously.
In the ripening stage: carry out field investigation during results, observe wheat and to fall yellow situation, examination plant height, spike length and grain number per spike etc., each district of these proterties respectively selects 3 points, and each point selects 10 strains respectively; 31 meter row progress row spike number investigation is selected in each community, thus estimates a mu spike number; And 3 1m are got in each community simultaneously 2survey and produce, dry rear indoor species test (thousand seed weight).
test-results
3.1 different treatment are on the impact of wheat yield
As can be seen from Table 3: the average yield per mu of process 2 is all higher than process 1.Process 2 average yield per mu 522.4kg, than process 1(474.8kg) increase production 47.6kg, mu stimulation ratio is 10.03%.
3.2 different treatment are on the impact of Biological Characteristics of Wheat
Investigated by species test, as can be seen from Table 4, use the process 2 wheat spike length of the embodiment of the present invention 2 product, grain number per spike, spikelet number, thousand seed weight all have increase in various degree, wherein to thousand seed weight, the increase of grain number per spike is more obvious, thus lays a good foundation for improving yield of wheat.Table 4 shows the winter wheat embodiment of the present invention 2 product, and thousand seed weight is 44.3 grams, increases by 3.6 grams relative to process 1; Grain number per spike is 28.2, increases by 1.1.
table 4 different treatment is on the impact of wheat Growth Character
Process Plant height (cm) Spike length (cm) Grain number (individual) Spikelet number (individual) Thousand seed weight (g)
Process 1 60.3 7.30 27.12 16.6 40.7
Process 2 59.1 7.57 28.20 16.8 44.3
Increase and decrease -1.2 0.27 1.1 0.2 3.6
3.3 different treatment are on the impact of wheat physiological index
table 5 different treatment wheat leaf chlorophyll contents, rate of photosynthisis analytical table
Process Chlorophyll content dry weight % Increase (%) Rate of photosynthisis (mg dry-matter dm -2/ hour) Improve (%)
Process 1 0.2969 - 6.8 -
Process 2 0.4811 62.0 8.4 23.5
Record wheat leaf blade chlorophyll content through test, rate of photosynthisis result is as table 5.Winter wheat is with after the embodiment of the present invention 2 product as can be seen from Table 5, and chlorophyll content and rate of photosynthisis are improved, and chlorophyll content dry weight is 0.4811%, comparatively processes 1 and improves 0.1842, increase by 62.0%; Rate of photosynthisis is 8.4, improves 1.6 than process 1, increases by 23.5%.The increase of chlorophyll content and rate of photosynthisis directly affects the raising of wheat yield.
conclusion (of pressure testing)
As can be seen from above-mentioned test, the winter wheat embodiment of the present invention 2 product has following effect:
(1) using product of the present invention can make the yield and quality of wheat be greatly improved and improve, mu volume increase wheat 47.6kg, and stimulation ratio is 10.03%; By wheat market valency 1.03 yuan of/jin of calculating, mu increases income benefit 98.1 yuan.
(2) chlorophyll content and rate of photosynthisis that product of the present invention can significantly improve wheat leaf blade is used, for improving yield of wheat is laid a good foundation.Chlorophyll content improves (comparatively processing 1) 62.0%, and rate of photosynthisis comparatively processes 1 raising 23.5%.
(3) test proves, winter wheat product increase yield significantly of the present invention, and economic benefit is obvious, is worthy to be popularized.
three) corn and soybean field experiment is carried out for ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) below.
materials and methods
1.1 test materials
(1) for studying thing: corn (kind: rich face 98), soybean (middle yellow 13);
(2) for trial product: ternary compound fertilizer material (15-15-15); Product described in the embodiment of the present invention 3.
1.2 test methods and design
2 pilots are established in this test altogether, corn 1, are located at Huang Ying village, the first transaction of a day's business town, Yongji City, Shanxi (soil type is moisture soil), hold examination, the total area 7 mu by Li Xin society of peasant household (I), Zhang Jinhu (II) and Li Chongxing (III); Soybean 1, is located at the first transaction of a day's business village, east, the first transaction of a day's business town, Yongji City, Shanxi (soil type is cinnamon soil), holds examination, the total area 5.8 mu by peasant household Li Zexin (I), Tian Qiuwang (II) and Li Yonglin (III).Be better-than-average fertility, irrigated land.
2 process are established in test, adopt the form of base fertilizer+twice fertilising of topdressing to apply fertilizer whole breeding time to corn and soybean.
Process 1: use ternary compound fertilizer material (15-15-15), bottom application 40 kilograms+impose 30 kilograms.
Process 2: use product described in the embodiment of the present invention 3, bottom application 40 kilograms+impose 30 kilograms.
Each pilot fertilising situation 1. corn: June 12 (I, III)/(II) on the 13rd mechanical rotary tillage 1 time, degree of depth 15cm, execute this test for every mu and make base fertilizer for trial product 40kg, July 24 every mu imposes 30kg; 2. soybean: day (II)/24, (I)/26 on June 25 day (III) are sowed with machine sowing building and applied this test and make base fertilizer for trial product every mu 40kg, and July 29 every mu imposes 30kg.
Test process adopts contrast arrangement, and the same plot of every 1 peasant household is repeat for 1 time, and each pilot selects 3 peasant households, is 3 repetitions.Plot area (to repeat to be numbered sequence), corn pilot: process 1,1+1.3+1.2=3.5 mu; Process 2,1+1.3+1.2=3.5 mu; Soybean pilot: process 1,0.9+0.9+1.1=2.9 mu; Process 2,0.9+0.9+1.1=2.9 mu.
Field management is conventional with land for growing field crops.Each pilot basic condition is in table 6.
results and analysis
2.1 impacts on crop growth proterties
As seen from Table 7, after product described in Yield-increasing Baallus In Maize example 3 of the present invention, compared with process, show as fruit ear large, the ripening stage, commodity rate was high ahead of time.Repeat for 3 times average, process 2 is compared with process 1, and on average 3.3 days in advance ripening stage, grain number per spike on average increases by 21.4, and 100-grain weight on average improves 1.1g.
As seen from Table 8, after soybean uses product described in example 3 of the present invention, compared with process 1, show as bear pods early, drum grain early, yellow leaf stage extends, pod grain number is many, 100-grain weight improves.Repeat for 3 times average, process 2 on average postpones 3.3 days than process 1 yellow leaf stage, and strain pod number, pod grain number increase by 0.60,0.17 respectively, and 100-grain weight improves 1.13g.Field experiment result shows, using product described in example 3 of the present invention has obvious promoter action to for examination crop growth.
Although corn and the field management of soybean pilot are not quite similar, basically identical on its impact of growing after using product described in example 3 of the present invention.
2.2 impacts on crop yield
2.2.1 corn
As can be seen from Table 9, use the process 2 of product described in example 3 of the present invention, corn average yield per mu 511.4kg, to process 1 mu volume increase 41.1kg, stimulation ratio 8.7%.
2.2.2 soybean
As can be seen from Table 10, use the process 2 of product described in example 3 of the present invention, soybean average yield per mu 258.6kg, to process 1 mu volume increase 20.3kg, stimulation ratio 8.5%.
conclusion
As can be seen from above-mentioned test, corn and soybean are used product described in the embodiment of the present invention 3 and have following effect:
(1) use product described in the embodiment of the present invention 3 and have obvious promoter action to for examination crop growth.
(2) using product described in the embodiment of the present invention 3 can make the yield and quality of corn and soybean be significantly improved and improve, corn mu volume increase 44.1kg, and stimulation ratio is 8.7%, and by maize market valency 1.08 yuan of/jin of calculating, mu increases income benefit 95.3 yuan; Soybean mu volume increase 20.3kg, stimulation ratio is 8.5%, and by soybean market valency 2.4 yuan of/jin of calculating, mu increases income benefit 97.4 yuan.
(3) test proves, corn and soybean use product increase yield significantly described in the embodiment of the present invention 3, and economic benefit is obvious, is worthy to be popularized.
In addition, for verifying the nutrition synergism of product of the present invention, also select ternary compound fertilizer material (15-15-15, 16-16-16, 17-17-17, 18-18-18, 30-10-11, 25-10-16, 20-10-10, 28-6-6), binary compound fertilizer material (18-46-0, 0-52-34, 13-0-46) etc. multiple composite fertilizer is as experimental control and products material composition corresponding to the present invention, carry out corn, soybean, wheat, intensive shadow on lung, the field test of the various crop such as celery, result all confirms: use compound product of the present invention ratio and be used alone composite fertilizer and can make crop yield more than 8 15%.

Claims (2)

1. a nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer, is characterized in that, described nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer is made up of composite fertilizer and DA-6 crude oil, and the weight content of described DA-6 crude oil is 0.01 0.1% of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer doses.
2. the preparation method of nutrition potentiating and anti-caking block composite fertilizer described in claim 1, is characterized in that, composite fertilizer and DA-6 crude oil is delivered in proportion packing after stirring in mixing and blending machine.
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CN101514133A (en) * 2009-03-30 2009-08-26 吴成祥 An ecological BB fertilizer
CN101538182A (en) * 2009-04-15 2009-09-23 吴成祥 Functional compound fertilizer, production device and preparation method thereof
CN102976869A (en) * 2012-12-06 2013-03-20 江苏湛蓝科技开发有限公司 Technique for producing macroelement water-soluble fertilizer and coproducing slow-release fertilizer

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