CN102976869A - Technique for producing macroelement water-soluble fertilizer and coproducing slow-release fertilizer - Google Patents
Technique for producing macroelement water-soluble fertilizer and coproducing slow-release fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102976869A CN102976869A CN2012105173328A CN201210517332A CN102976869A CN 102976869 A CN102976869 A CN 102976869A CN 2012105173328 A CN2012105173328 A CN 2012105173328A CN 201210517332 A CN201210517332 A CN 201210517332A CN 102976869 A CN102976869 A CN 102976869A
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Abstract
The invention provides a technique for producing a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer and a coproducing slow-release fertilizer by a wet process, which comprises the following steps: introducing ammonia gas into wet-process phosphoric acid to carry out neutralization, and filtering the neutralized slurry with a vacuum-type drum filter to obtain a monoammonium phosphate clear solution and filter residues containing rich citrate-soluble phosphates; adding fertilizer, assistant and synergist into the monoammonium phosphate clear solution, evenly stirring and mixing, concentrating by flash evaporation, and carrying out spray drying to obtain the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer; and dissolving the filter residues in a citric acid solution, adding assistant to obtain a slow-release fertilizer coating solution, evenly spraying the slow-release fertilizer coating solution on the surface of the compound fertilizer, and spraying an anticaking agent on the surface of the compound fertilizer, thereby obtaining the excellent slow-release fertilizer. The technique has the advantages of low equipment investment, favorable raw material adaptability, low production cost and good product quality; and the products water-soluble fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer are hot-sale products, and have high application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical technology field, be specifically related to a kind of production technique of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer.
Background technology
Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is a kind of full water-soluble fertilizer of multielement that can be fully water-soluble, it can promptly be dissolved in the water, easier to be absorbed by crops, and its absorption rate is relatively high, is that kind of a comprehensive nutrition, consumption are few, the readily avaiable fertilizer of instant effect.Fertilizer is the liquid or solid shape, through water dissolution or dilution, can be used for fertigation, leaf dressing, soilless culture, seed soaking and dips in the occasions such as root during use.In addition, along with using in a large number of China's high-concentration fertilizer, the middle trace element in farmland can not get in time replenishing for a long time, cause scarcity serious, and leaf dressing is the most effective means of trace element deficiency in the crop of correcting, and corrects instant effect, effective than soil; Simultaneously water soluble fertilizer also has the realization of being beneficial to water-fertilizer integral, the advantage that the water saving joint is fertile, prescription is flexible etc.At present, China water-fertilizer integral is used area and is reached about 2,300 ten thousand mu, and the cash crop such as vegetables, fruit will progressively be adopted slight irrigation and the Integration of Water into Fertilizer, this means the fertile total amount of present usefulness near half all will use by irrigation system.According to experts' analysis, present water-soluble fertilizer accounts for 1.6% ~ 2.5% of the domestic chemical fertilizer market share, and the water-soluble fertile market share of future will increase to about 10%, and this will bring huge development space to water-soluble fertilizer.
At present, the main factor of restriction water soluble fertilizer development is that production cost is too high, and the peasant is difficult to accept.Therefore, develop the water-soluble fertile technique that a kind of production cost is low, facility investment is few and become very important.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the too high technical problem of water soluble fertilizer production cost in the prior art provides the technique of a kind of Wet-process Phosphoric Acid Production Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer (solid type) coproduction slow-release fertilizer.
Technical scheme: a kind of production technique of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer comprises the steps:
(1) phosphoric acid by wet process and ammonia neutralization reaction: the logical ammonia of phosphoric acid by wet process is neutralized to degree of neutralization reaches 0.7 ~ 1.1;
(2) Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer preparation: the slip after the neutralization of step (1) acquisition is filtered, make the monoammonium phosphate clear liquid and be rich in citric acid soluble phosphorus hydrochlorate filter residue, wherein gained filtrate, be that the monoammonium phosphate clear liquid adds fertilizer, auxiliary agent, synergistic agent and stirs, then be concentrated into the slip ratio and weigh 1.2 ~ 1.5, make Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer finally by super-dry;
(3) slow release fertilizer preparation: will filter the citric acid solution dissolving that the phosphatic filter residue of solubility in citric acid is used concentration 1% ~ 5% of being rich in of gained in the step (2), add auxiliary agent and make slow-release fertilizer parcel liquid, then evenly be sprayed on the surface of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, spray at last anti-hard caking agent, make slow release fertilizer.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the production technique of above-mentioned Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer comprises the steps:
(1) phosphoric acid by wet process and ammonia neutralization reaction: the logical ammonia of phosphoric acid by wet process is neutralized to degree of neutralization reaches 0.7 ~ 1.1;
(2) Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer preparation: the slip after the neutralization of step (1) acquisition is filtered, make the monoammonium phosphate clear liquid and be rich in citric acid soluble phosphorus hydrochlorate filter residue, wherein gained filtrate, be that the monoammonium phosphate clear liquid adds fertilizer, auxiliary agent, synergistic agent and stirs, then be concentrated into the slip ratio and weigh 1.2 ~ 1.5, make Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer finally by super-dry;
(3) slow release fertilizer preparation: the phosphatic filter residue of solubility in citric acid that is rich in that filters gained in the step (2) is dissolved with 1 ~ 5% citric acid solution, add auxiliary agent and make slow-release fertilizer parcel liquid, then evenly be sprayed on the surface of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, spray at last anti-hard caking agent, make slow release fertilizer.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the degree of neutralization in the step (1) reaches 0.9; Slip ratio in the step (2) weighs 1.45; Citric acid solution concentration in the step (3) is 2%.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the phosphoric acid by wet process in the step (1) is ω (P
2O
5) 20% ~ 23%.
As another kind of preferred version of the present invention, the vacuum drum whizzer with automatic discharging is adopted in the filtration described in the step (2), the concentrated flash concentration that adopts, the dry spraying drying that adopts.
As another kind of preferred version of the present invention, in the cooler of operation at complex fertilizer producing line of the surface spraying slow-release fertilizer of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer parcel liquid, anti-hard caking agent, carry out described in the step (3).
Further improve as of the present invention, used fertilizer is one or more among vitriolate of tartar, urea, saltpetre, ammonium sulfate, boric acid, borax, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Fe, the EDTA-Mn in the preparation of step (2) Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer; Used auxiliary agent is that contract in amino acid sodium, polyoxyethylene octadecanol, the polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester one or more of Tween-60, tween-80, sodium lauryl sulphate, PEG-6000, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N-oleoyl composite more; Used synergistic agent is one or more in methyl catechol, sodium nitrophenolate, DA-6, multiple phthalein nucleic acid, indolylacetic acid, the Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins.
Further improve as another kind of the present invention, used auxiliary agent is that contract in amino acid sodium, polyoxyethylene octadecanol, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene class, Ben-zylphenol Polyoxyethyl Ether, styroyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, petroleum sodium sulfonate, the benzyl naphthalene sulfonic formaldehyde condensation compound one or more of Tween-60, tween-80, sodium lauryl sulphate, PEG-6000, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N-oleoyl composite more in step (3) the slow release fertilizer preparation.
Beneficial effect
Produce the Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of gained, its N+P by the production technique of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer provided by the invention
2O
5+ K
2O 〉=50, water-insoluble≤5%, moisture≤3%, pH value 4 ~ 7, trace element meets agriculture standard NY 1007-2010 " Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer " to the whole requirements of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer (microelement type) solid phase prod between 0.2% ~ 3.0%.The slow release fertilizer of gained shows through field experiment, and alternative sulfenyl, chlorine-based compound fertilizer use as base manure, simultaneously can be according to crop to the demand of nutrient for crop continues, the stable and balanced nutrient that provides.Like this, nutrient discharges with the growth demand of crop synchronous, significantly improves utilization rate of fertilizer, and favourable crop root is grown, and improves crop quality.Thus, single fertilization need not topdress, and reduces Term Fertilization cost and manpower.And it is lasting that effect and common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer are compared fertilizer efficiency, and synergy is obvious, has improved greatly utilization rate of fertilizer.
This technological equipment investment is few, can be formed by the transformation of monoammonium phosphate production equipment, and production cost is low, simultaneously coproduction slow release fertilizer, product water soluble fertilizer, slow release fertilizer are fast-selling fertilizer variety, compare with existing Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer production technique, have great using value.
Description of drawings
The production technique block diagram of the slow-release fertilizer of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction described in Fig. 1 embodiment 1 or 2
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the technological process of production of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer
A, startup phosphoric acid pump are with 6000L ω (P
2O
5) 22% phosphoric acid by wet process squeezes into reactive tank, when treating submergence stirring rake lower floor blade, starts stirring rake.
B, reduce the phosphoric acid flow, slowly open the valve on the ammonia pipeline, to the reactive tank ammonification.The slip of degree of neutralization＜0.9 is put into geosyncline, to be producedly squeezes into reactive tank after normal and continues neutralization.Measure a degree of neutralization every 5 minutes, adjust phosphoric acid and gas ammonia flow, until degree of neutralization reaches 0.9, put into feeding trough with slip in inciting somebody to action.
C, the vacuum drum whizzer that the slip of step B is put into automatic discharging separate, and filtrate is put into mixing tank for coating colors, collect filter residue, as the coating agent of slow-release fertilizer.In mixing tank for coating colors, add 2400kg powdery agricultural level vitriolate of tartar, 2080 kg powderies agricultural level urea, boric acid 300 kg, 200 kg EDTA-Zn, 30 kg EDTA-Cu, 20 kg EDTA-Fe, 15 kg EDTA-Mn, 15kg auxiliary agent, 20kg synergistic agent, stirring and evenly mixing.The used auxiliary agent of this step is that contract in amino acid sodium, polyoxyethylene octadecanol, the polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester one or more of Tween-60, tween-80, sodium lauryl sulphate, PEG-6000, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N-oleoyl composite more.Synergistic agent is one or more in methyl catechol, sodium nitrophenolate, DA-6, multiple phthalein nucleic acid, indolylacetic acid, the Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins.
D, the slip of step C is carried out flash concentration, after slip proportion reaches 1.45, carry out spraying drying, can make Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer.
E, the filter residue of getting 1000 parts of step C join in 1000 part of 2% citric acid solution, add 3 parts auxiliary agent again, make slow-release fertilizer parcel liquid.In the cooler of complex fertilizer producing line, slow-release fertilizer is wrapped up liquid and uniformly spray on the surface of 800,000 parts of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers, spray anti-hard caking agent at Chemical Mixed Fertilizer again, can make slow release fertilizer.The used auxiliary agent of this step is that contract in amino acid sodium, polyoxyethylene octadecanol, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene class, Ben-zylphenol Polyoxyethyl Ether, styroyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, petroleum sodium sulfonate, the benzyl naphthalene sulfonic formaldehyde condensation compound one or more of Tween-60, tween-80, sodium lauryl sulphate, PEG-6000, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N-oleoyl composite more.
The concrete technology schema is seen Fig. 1.
The Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of producing with this method is mainly used in the cash crop such as vegetables, fruit tree, flowers, has the nutritive substance general equilibrium, be easy to mutually promote between Crop transhipment, each nutrient absorptions, utilization ratio height, can significantly improve the advantage of crop yield and quality, enhancing crop resistance.Concrete using method is:
(1) sprays: dilute 500 ~ 800 times, spray 3 ~ 6 times in crops seedling stage, early flowering season and fruit expanding period.
(2) drip irrigation is executed in punching: dilute 300 ~ 500 times of punchings and execute drip irrigation, and general every mu of each 4 ~ 6kg, or according to as one sees fit increase and decrease of crop growing state.
Embodiment 2: the technological process of production of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer
A, startup phosphoric acid pump are with 6000L ω (P
2O
5) 22% phosphoric acid by wet process squeezes into reactive tank, when treating submergence stirring rake lower floor blade, starts stirring rake.
B, reduce the phosphoric acid flow, slowly open the valve on the ammonia pipeline, to the reactive tank ammonification.The slip of degree of neutralization＜0.9 is put into geosyncline, to be producedly squeezes into reactive tank after normal and continues neutralization.Measure a degree of neutralization every 5 minutes, adjust phosphoric acid and gas ammonia flow, until degree of neutralization reaches 0.9, put into feeding trough with slip in inciting somebody to action.
C, the vacuum drum whizzer that the slip of step B is put into automatic discharging separate, and filtrate is put into mixing tank for coating colors, collect filter residue, as the coating agent of slow-release fertilizer.In mixing tank for coating colors, add 2600kg powdery agricultural level saltpetre, 1900 kg powderies agricultural level urea, 500 kg boraxs, 200 kg EDTA-Zn, 40 kg
EDTA-Cu, 20 kg EDTA-Fe, 10 kg EDTA-Mn, 15kg auxiliary agent, 20kg synergistic agent, stirring and evenly mixing.The used auxiliary agent of this step is that contract in amino acid sodium, polyoxyethylene octadecanol, the polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester one or more of Tween-60, tween-80, sodium lauryl sulphate, PEG-6000, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N-oleoyl composite more.Synergistic agent is one or more in methyl catechol, sodium nitrophenolate, DA-6, multiple phthalein nucleic acid, indolylacetic acid, the Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins.
D, the slip of step C is carried out flash concentration, after slip proportion reaches 1.45, carry out spraying drying, can make Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer.
E, the filter residue of getting 1000 parts of step C join in 1000 part of 2% citric acid solution, add 3 parts auxiliary agent again, make slow-release fertilizer parcel liquid.In the cooler of complex fertilizer producing line, slow-release fertilizer is wrapped up liquid and uniformly spray on the surface of 800,000 parts of Chemical Mixed Fertilizers, spray anti-hard caking agent at Chemical Mixed Fertilizer again, can make slow release fertilizer.The used auxiliary agent of this step is that contract in amino acid sodium, polyoxyethylene octadecanol, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene class, Ben-zylphenol Polyoxyethyl Ether, styroyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, petroleum sodium sulfonate, the benzyl naphthalene sulfonic formaldehyde condensation compound one or more of Tween-60, tween-80, sodium lauryl sulphate, PEG-6000, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N-oleoyl composite more.
The concrete technology schema is seen Fig. 1.Its effect and concrete using method are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: the water soluble fertilizer with the technological process of production output of embodiment 1 or 2 carries out field fertilizer efficiency in Wu Zhuan village, Donghai County Shan Zuokou township, Jiangsu Province
1, for the Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer of examination material: embodiment 1 or 2 technological process of production output;
Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer (15-15-15).
2, for studying thing: capsicum
3, test soil: experimental field soil is sandy loam, middle fertility.
4, for strip spare:
Process A: base is executed 50kg compound potassium sulfate fertilizer (15-15-15), and 40% spreads fertilizer over the fields before whole ground, and 60% applies the field planting ditch.
Treatments B: do not apply fertilizer.
Process C: on the fertilising basis of processing A, respectively spray the each consumption 25 g/ mus of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer one time in seedling stage, early flowering season and fruit expanding period.Dilute 600 times, the blade face evenly sprays.
5, test-results: see the following form.
By the described result of upper table as can be known: the fertile use of topdressing of Macroelement water-soluble with the technological process of production output of embodiment 1 or 2 can significantly improve crop yield.
Embodiment 4: two villages carry out field fertilizer efficiency in the Donghai County Shuan Dian south of a town, Jiangsu Province with the water soluble fertilizer of the technological process of production output of embodiment 1 or 2
1, for the water soluble fertilizer of examination material: embodiment 1 or 2 technological process of production output;
Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer (15-15-15);
2, for studying thing: peanut
3, test soil: experimental field soil is sandy loam, middle fertility.
4, for strip spare:
Process A: use compound potassium sulfate fertilizer (15-15-15) 75kg/ mu.
Treatments B: use slow release fertilizer 75kg/ mu of the present invention.
5, test-results
By the described result of upper table as can be known: in the situation of using equivalent fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer of the present invention has a clear superiority in, can significantly improve crop yield than Common compound fertilizer.
Claims (7)
1. the production technique of a Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer comprises the steps:
(1) phosphoric acid by wet process and ammonia neutralization reaction: the logical ammonia of phosphoric acid by wet process is neutralized to degree of neutralization reaches 0.7 ~ 1.1;
(2) Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer preparation: the slip after the neutralization of step (1) acquisition is filtered, make the monoammonium phosphate clear liquid and be rich in citric acid soluble phosphorus hydrochlorate filter residue, wherein gained filtrate, be that the monoammonium phosphate clear liquid adds fertilizer, auxiliary agent, synergistic agent and stirs, then be concentrated into the slip ratio and weigh 1.2 ~ 1.5, make Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer finally by super-dry;
(3) slow release fertilizer preparation: will filter the citric acid solution dissolving that the phosphatic filter residue of solubility in citric acid is used concentration 1% ~ 5% of being rich in of gained in the step (2), add auxiliary agent and make slow-release fertilizer parcel liquid, then evenly be sprayed on the surface of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, spray at last anti-hard caking agent, make slow release fertilizer.
2. the production technique of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: degree of neutralization reaches 0.9 described in the step (1); The slip ratio weighs 1.45 described in the step (2); Citric acid solution concentration described in the step (3) is 2%.
3. the production technique of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the phosphoric acid by wet process described in the step (1) is ω (P
2O
5) 20% ~ 23%.
4. the production technique of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the vacuum drum whizzer with automatic discharging is adopted in the filtration described in the step (2), the concentrated flash concentration that adopts, the dry spraying drying that adopts.
5. the production technique of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: carry out in the cooler of operation at complex fertilizer producing line of the surface spraying slow-release fertilizer parcel liquid of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, anti-hard caking agent described in the step (3).
6. the production technique of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: used fertilizer is one or more among vitriolate of tartar, urea, saltpetre, ammonium sulfate, boric acid, borax, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Fe, the EDTA-Mn in the preparation of step (2) Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer; Used auxiliary agent is that contract in amino acid sodium, polyoxyethylene octadecanol, the polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester one or more of Tween-60, tween-80, sodium lauryl sulphate, PEG-6000, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N-oleoyl composite more; Used synergistic agent is one or more in methyl catechol, sodium nitrophenolate, DA-6, multiple phthalein nucleic acid, indolylacetic acid, the Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins.
7. the production technique of Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer coproduction slow-release fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: used auxiliary agent is that contract in amino acid sodium, polyoxyethylene octadecanol, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene class, Ben-zylphenol Polyoxyethyl Ether, styroyl phenol polyethenoxy ether, petroleum sodium sulfonate, the benzyl naphthalene sulfonic formaldehyde condensation compound one or more of Tween-60, tween-80, sodium lauryl sulphate, PEG-6000, tripoly phosphate sodium STPP, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, N-oleoyl composite more in the preparation of step (3) slow release fertilizer.
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| CN103539568A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-29 | 河南中威高科技化工有限公司 | Nutrient synergistic anti-caking compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104072258A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-10-01 | 陈忠家 | Special-purpose controlled-release compound fertilizer for plating peanuts in dry land |
| CN105130687A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-09 | 李云利 | Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer containing polymorphic nitrogen and preparing method of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer |
| CN105272385A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-01-27 | 宜昌鄂中化工有限公司 | Method for producing magnesium calcium chloride by utilizing phosphate tailing |
| CN105693334A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-22 | 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 | Potassium nitrate co-production tower-type melt micrograin water-soluble fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
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| CN107935684A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-20 | 宿州市东方红肥业有限公司 | A kind of a great number of elements slow-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103539568A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-29 | 河南中威高科技化工有限公司 | Nutrient synergistic anti-caking compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104072258A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-10-01 | 陈忠家 | Special-purpose controlled-release compound fertilizer for plating peanuts in dry land |
| CN106542871A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-29 | 天津市宝坻区高明蔬菜种植专业合作社 | A kind of energy is disease-resistant, can high yield, can upgrading, the three peppery fertilizer formulas that can improve the soil |
| CN105130687A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-09 | 李云利 | Macroelement water-soluble fertilizer containing polymorphic nitrogen and preparing method of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer |
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Application publication date: 20130320 |