A great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer containing polymorphic nitrogen and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical fertilizer technical fields, and in particular to a kind of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer containing polymorphic nitrogen
And preparation method thereof.Contain nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amidonitrogen in final products.
Background technique
The nutrition release of traditional fertilizer is too fast, and fertilizer effective rate of utilization is low.Long-term a large amount of application chemical fertilizer increase to crops
While production, very big negative effect is also brought to soil, crops and environment, studies have shown that common fertilizer is at application initial stage
Nutrient largely concentrates, quick release, can lose because of leaching, decomposition, volatilization, or even because burn seedlings makes crop failure;A great number of elements
Water-soluble fertilizer compared with the fertilizer such as traditional compound fertilizer, compound fertilizer, slow release fertilizer, with instant, absorptivity is high, it is quick,
The remarkable advantages such as water-saving, saving of labor.China is poor one of the country of global freshwater resources, and agriculture seasonality and industry distribution are not
, the problems such as regional water shortage, is more prominent, and developing water-soluble fertilizer has important strategic importance.Therefore, Water soluble fertilizer in recent years
Material is developed rapidly at home.In the long run, with the continuous popularization of China's water-saving agriculture, facility is constantly improve,
The advantage function of water-soluble fertilizer also will more fully be embodied.But water-soluble fertilizer currently on the market is asked there is following
Topic: many kinds of, product quality is irregular, and raw material is adulterated, and requirements of the national standard is not achieved in water solubility, when product stores
Agglomeration is serious, influences to apply, and nitrogen source is single in product, is improving crop quality, improvement soil, is increasing soil granular knot
Structure etc. is also unsatisfactory.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, development and application containing polymorphic nitrogen and can increase soil aggregate structure in Different Crop
Water-soluble fertilizer be realize fertilizer efficiently utilize, reduce investment, protect environment, improve the effective way of soil.It is existing disclosed
Fertilizer technology of the production containing nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amidonitrogen is utilized in the method that gas ammonia is passed through in the bed of material, such as applies
Number for 201110021138.6 Chinese patent application it is disclosed be exactly this method: gas ammonia is passed through in the bed of material to nitrophosphate fertilizer
Ammonification is carried out, the quality of generation urea nitrate is reacted to control urea with nitrophosphate fertilizer.This method is only applicable to use with ammonia, store up
The enterprise for depositing power, since ammonia has the major safety risks such as inflammable, explosive, toxicity is high, 10 tons of ammonia amount of storage or more just constitute weight
Big danger source, the serious accident that the country is used about ammonia happen occasionally, and many compound fertilizer manufacturing enterprises are cannot to receive
Ammonia uses and stores power, therefore this method has significant limitation.And this method is to produce the production of compound fertilizer
Technology, compound fertilizer and water-soluble fertilizer are two entirely different products.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer that a kind of production contains polymorphic nitrogen, product contains nitre state
Three kinds of nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, amidonitrogen nitrogens, plant recovery of nutrient are higher;
It is another object of the present invention to complete potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid during the drying process by the way that ammonium hydroxide is added
The ammonification of potassium dihydrogen, to solve the process difficulties that urea and nitrate nitrogen material cannot be directly mixed, and the urea phosphate prevented
The problem of agglomerating when product being caused to store;
Further mesh of the invention is the crumb structure for increasing soil using water soluble polymer matter, and reaching prevents
Soil hardening, the effect for improveing soil, and high molecular polymerization substance also has the function of preventing product from agglomerating.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of a large amount of members containing polymorphic nitrogen
Plain water-soluble fertilizer, urea accounts for the mass percent 12%-30% of total investment material quantity, the ammonium hydroxide of mass percent concentration 25% accounts for always
Put into the mass percent 4% -10% of material quantity, potassium nitrate accounts for the mass percent 10% -35% of total investment material quantity, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Hydrogen ammonium accounts for the mass percent 10% -38% of total investment material quantity, potassium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for total mass percent for putting into material quantity
15% -28%, magnesium nitrate accounts for the mass percent 1% -2% of total investment material quantity, and water soluble polymer matter accounts for total investment
The mass percent 3% -5% of material quantity.
Ammonium hydroxide/potassium nitrate mass ratio is 1:5;Ammonium hydroxide/(ammonium dihydrogen phosphate+potassium dihydrogen phosphate) mass ratio is 1:20.
The water soluble polymer matter is polyacrylamide and polyacrylate, and additional amount is according to soil regime
It is determined with product degree of agglomeration.The crumb structure of soil not only can be improved in polyacrylamide and polyacrylate, prevents soil
It is hardened, it can prevent from recrystallizing with absorption condensation water, fertilizer is made to keep certain resistive connection block effect under higher humidity.Nitric acid
The hydrability that magnesium has, can partially or completely hydrated inorganic salt, inhibit fertilizer dissolution and capillary absorption because of caused by moisture, with
Prevent fertilizer agglomeration.Polyacrylamide, polyacrylate and magnesium nitrate have good water solubility, can reach the matter of water-soluble fertilizer
Amount standard.
Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and the amidonitrogen that can be absorbed and utilized in product containing crop, the basis containing nitrate nitrogen
Fertilizer is potassium nitrate, and the base fertilizer containing ammonium nitrogen is ammonium hydroxide and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and the base fertilizer containing amidonitrogen is
Urea.Since three kinds of Nitrogen releasing times are different, reduce the same period since nitrogen nutrients release is excessive, caused by crop cannot absorb
Nutrient loss and environmental pollution, plant recovery of nutrient are higher.
The preparation method of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer containing polymorphic nitrogen, comprising the following steps:
(1) urea crushes: urea is crushed to the mesh of 100 mesh -120;
(2) material mixes: by Microcomputer Burden System by potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nitre through measuring
Mixing and blending machine is added in sour magnesium, water soluble polymer matter and the urea from step (1) preparation, while ammonium hydroxide being gasified
It is led in proportion in the bed of material of mixing and blending machine afterwards, 3~5min of uniform stirring time.Due to urea and contain the material of nitrate nitrogen
Cannot be directly mixed, we did a large amount of test, and urea is reacted with nitrate nitrogen material directly mixture generates urea nitrate, in room temperature
Next hour material cannot be applied at pureed or serious agglomeration.Therefore it needs to carry out ammoniated treatment to material containing nitrate nitrogen,
To solve the process difficulties that urea and nitrate nitrogen material cannot be directly mixed, while also completing to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, biphosphate
The ammoniated treatment of potassium, to prevent that urea phosphate causes product to agglomerate;
(3) dry ammonification: mixed material enters dryer, completes potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid using drying course
The ammonification of potassium dihydrogen, the control of dryer Outlet Gas Temperature is at 50 DEG C-60 DEG C, 15-20 min of drying time, material moisture
Control is below 1%.Temperature and time during this is especially important, if temperature is excessively high and overlong time will cause urea
It decomposes and generates a large amount of biuret, cause crop burn seedlings;If temperature is low and the time too short aminating reaction that will cause is insufficient, produce
Product water content is high, influences product quality;
(4) cooling packing: material enters cooler after drying ammonification, and cooling time, 10-15 min, was packed, most after cooling
The a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer containing polymorphic nitrogen is made eventually.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, contain nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and amidonitrogen in product simultaneously, wherein nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen are available nitrogen, acyl
Amine state nitrogen is slow-release nitrogen.After incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, nitrate nitrogen 5-7 days start to discharge, and ammonium nitrogen 10-15 days start to discharge, acyl
Amine state nitrogen starts to discharge after 15 days, reduces the same period since nitrogen nutrients release is excessive, nutrient loss caused by crop cannot absorb
And environmental pollution, plant recovery of nutrient are higher;
2, the ammonification for completing potassium nitrate in production process using ammonium hydroxide, solving urea and nitrate nitrogen material cannot mixture
Process difficulties, while the ammonification to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is also completed, product knot is caused with the urea phosphate prevented
Block influences to apply;
3, it product of the invention: in addition to containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, also containing improvement soil, keeps soil from packing together, increases
The water soluble polymer matter of soil aggregate structure;
4, raw materials used (including product anti-caking substance) is the good raw material of water-soluble effect, and product water-soluble effect is good, complete
Comply with the national standard requirements entirely;
5, condensed water can be absorbed using high molecular polymer prevents from recrystallizing, and fertilizer is made to keep one under higher humidity
Fixed resistive connection block effect;The hydrability having using magnesium nitrate can partially or completely cause because of moisture in hydrated inorganic salt, inhibition
Fertilizer dissolution and capillary absorption, product can be stored for a long time not to agglomerate.
Detailed description of the invention
Figure of description 1 is the preparation method flow chart of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention containing polymorphic nitrogen.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments:
The present invention contains a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer of polymorphic nitrogen, and urea accounts for the mass percent of total investment material quantity
12%-30%, mass percent concentration 25% ammonium hydroxide account for the mass percent 4% -10% of total investment material quantity, potassium nitrate accounts for always
Put into the mass percent 10% -35% of material quantity, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate account for total investment material quantity mass percent 10% -38%,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate accounts for the mass percent 15% -28% of total investment material quantity, magnesium nitrate accounts for total mass percent for putting into material quantity
1% -2%, water soluble polymer matter accounts for the mass percent 3% -5% of total investment material quantity.
Ammonium hydroxide/potassium nitrate mass ratio is 1:5;Ammonium hydroxide/(ammonium dihydrogen phosphate+potassium dihydrogen phosphate) mass ratio is 1:20.
The water soluble polymer matter is polyacrylamide and polyacrylate, and additional amount is according to soil regime
It is determined with product degree of agglomeration.
Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and the amidonitrogen that can be absorbed and utilized in product containing crop.Basis containing nitrate nitrogen
Fertilizer is potassium nitrate, and the base fertilizer containing ammonium nitrogen is ammonium hydroxide and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and the base fertilizer containing amidonitrogen is
Urea.
The preparation method of a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer containing polymorphic nitrogen, comprising the following steps:
(1) urea crushes: urea is crushed to the mesh of 100 mesh -120;
(2) material mixes: by Microcomputer Burden System by potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, nitre through measuring
Mixing and blending machine is added in sour magnesium, water soluble polymer matter and the urea from step (1) preparation, while ammonium hydroxide being gasified
It is led in proportion in the bed of material of mixing and blending machine afterwards, 3~5min of uniform stirring time;
(3) dry ammonification: mixed material enters dryer, completes potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid using drying temperature
The ammoniated treatment of potassium dihydrogen, dryer Outlet Gas Temperature are controlled at 50 DEG C-60 DEG C, and 15-20 min of drying time, material contains
Water controls below 1%;
(4) cooling packing: material enters cooler after drying ammonification, and cooling time, 10-15 min, was packed after cooling, makes
At a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer for containing polymorphic nitrogen.
The principle of the present invention is: potassium nitrate being added in production process to obtain nitrate nitrogen, urea is added to obtain amide state
Nitrogen.By the way that ammonium hydroxide is added, the ammonification of potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is completed, during the drying process to prevent and urinate
Plain reaction generates urea nitrate and urea phosphate, solves the process difficulties that urea and nitrate nitrogen material cannot be directly mixed, and prevent
Agglomeration when urea phosphate causes product to store, while preventing product from agglomerating using high molecular polymer and magnesium nitrate again.Product
Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and the amidonitrogen that can be absorbed and utilized containing crop.
Below by example, the invention will be further elaborated:
The high potassium water-soluble fertilizer of embodiment 1:14-20-25, by taking 1 ton of products material norm quota of consumption as an example:
Material name: input amount (kg) nitrate nitrogen % ammonium nitrogen % amidonitrogen % P2O5% K2O%
Urea 129 6.0
Ammonium hydroxide: 89 2.2
Potassium nitrate: 350 4.9 16.1
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 110 1.3 6.7
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 265 13.3 9.0
Magnesium nitrate: 17
Polyacrylamide: 20
Polyacrylate: 20
It is total: 1,000 4.9 3.5 6.0 20.0 25.1
Urea (containing N 46.2%, mass percent, similarly hereinafter) 129 that the mesh of 100 mesh -120 will be crushed to through computer metering is public
Jin, 350 kilograms of potassium nitrate (containing N 14%, K2O 46%), 110 kilograms of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (containing N 12%, P2O5 61%), di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
265 kilograms of hydrogen potassium (containing P2O5 50%, K2O 34%), 17 kilograms of magnesium nitrate, 20 kilograms of polyacrylamide, polyacrylate 20 is public
Jin is added to mixing and blending machine, while will lead in the bed of material of mixing and blending machine after 89 kilograms of gasifications of ammonium hydroxide (containing N 25%), uniformly
Enter dryer after stirring 4min, dryer Outlet Gas Temperature is 55 DEG C, dries 20 min of ammonification.Drying materials ammonification is laggard
Row cooling packs after 15 min are cooling, obtains polymorphic nitrogen a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer.Product K2O containing N-P2O5-is
14.4%-20.0-25.1%, wherein nitrate nitrogen content 4.9%, ammonium nitrogen content 3.5%, amidonitrogen content 6.0% are aqueous
0.8%;
The embodiment high phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer of 2:20-30-10, by taking 1 ton of products material norm quota of consumption as an example:
Material name: input amount (kg) nitrate nitrogen % ammonium nitrogen % amidonitrogen % P2O5% K2O%
Urea 285 13.2
Ammonium hydroxide: 46 1.2
Potassium nitrate: 103 1.4 4.7
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 365 4.4 22.3
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 155 7.8 5.3
Magnesium nitrate: 10
Polyacrylamide: 20
Polyacrylate: 16
It is total: 1,000 1.4 5.6 13.2 30.1 10.0
Urea (containing N 46.2%, mass percent, similarly hereinafter) 285 that the mesh of 100 mesh -120 will be crushed to through computer metering is public
Jin, 103 kilograms of potassium nitrate (containing N 14%, K2O 46%), 365 kilograms of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (containing N 12%, P2O5 61%), di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
155 kilograms of hydrogen potassium (containing P2O5 50%, K2O 34%), 10 kilograms of magnesium nitrate, 20 kilograms of polyacrylamide, polyacrylate 16 is public
Jin is added to mixing and blending machine, while will lead in the bed of material of mixing and blending machine after 46 kilograms of gasifications of ammonium hydroxide (containing N 25%), uniformly
Enter dryer after stirring 4min, dryer Outlet Gas Temperature is 55 DEG C, dries ammonification 15min.Drying materials ammonification is laggard
Row cooling packs after 12 min are cooling, obtains polymorphic nitrogen a great number of elements water-soluble fertilizer.Product K2O containing N-P2O5-is
20.2%-30.1-10.0%, wherein nitrate nitrogen content 1.4%, ammonium nitrogen content 5.6%, amidonitrogen content 13.2% are aqueous
0.7%。
It is single that the present invention solves water-soluble fertilizer product nitrogen, reduces the same period since nitrogen nutrients release is excessive, crop is not
The problems such as nutrient loss caused by capable of absorbing and environmental pollution.Nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen contained by product of the invention are quick-acting
Nitrogen, amidonitrogen are slow-release nitrogen, effectively raise the utilization rate of nitrogen.It also containing improvement soil, keeps soil from packing together, increases
Add the water soluble polymer matter of soil aggregate structure.By the way that ammonium hydroxide is added in production, nitric acid is completed during the drying process
The ammonification of potassium, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate solves the process difficulties that urea and nitrate nitrogen material cannot be directly mixed,
And the urea phosphate prevented agglomeration when product being caused to store, while fertilizer knot is prevented using high molecular polymer and magnesium nitrate again
Block.Therefore, product can be stored for a long time and not agglomerated.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.