CN105950183A - Improver of soil physicochemical characters and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Improver of soil physicochemical characters and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105950183A
CN105950183A CN201610500727.5A CN201610500727A CN105950183A CN 105950183 A CN105950183 A CN 105950183A CN 201610500727 A CN201610500727 A CN 201610500727A CN 105950183 A CN105950183 A CN 105950183A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
improver
polyacrylamide
straw
modifying agent
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CN201610500727.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
程知言
姜夏烨
胡建
葛云
杨晋炜
孙丰瑞
董军林
楼景花
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Jiangsu Nonferrous Metals East China Geological Exploration Bureau Geochemical Exploration And Marine Geological Survey Institute
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Jiangsu Nonferrous Metals East China Geological Exploration Bureau Geochemical Exploration And Marine Geological Survey Institute
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Priority to CN201610500727.5A priority Critical patent/CN105950183A/en
Publication of CN105950183A publication Critical patent/CN105950183A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2109/00MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an improver of soil physicochemical characters and a preparation method of the improver of the soil physicochemical characters, and belongs to the improver for treatment of saline alkali soil. The improver comprises the following components in a mass ratio: 30 to 60 parts of straw, 10 to 20 parts of polyacrylamide, 30 to 50 parts of humus and 5 to 10 parts of inorganic salts; the inorganic salts containing elements which are necessary for crop growth such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, boron and nitrogen are added in the improver, so that losses of a large number of the inorganic salts in soil due to salt leaching can be supplemented to meet the demands of the crop growth for the inorganic salts. The preparation method and the application method of the improver are simple, the use amount of the improver is small, the improver takes effect quickly, durable in effect and suitable for large-area popularization; after the improver is applied for 1 to 2 times, the soil structure can be obviously improved, and the amount of soil aggregates is increased, and salt ions in the soil can be further promoted to be leached; a plurality of substances such as polyacrylamide can enhance the permeability and permeability of the soil and reduce soil corrosion resistance, and further have good water retention, soil conservation and fertilizer slow-release performances.

Description

Soil physical and chemical property modifying agent and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil (salt-soda soil) and administer modifying agent, in particular, the invention mainly relates to a kind of soil physical and chemical property modifying agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Currently, the salinization of soil has become a global resources and environment problems.China's existing salt-soda soil area is about 99,000,000 hectares, and along with the enforcement of coastal Great developing strategy, area is also in constantly increasing.Under the background that cultivated area persistently reduces, construction land day is becoming tight of the whole nation, this is the most valuable strategic resource.Simultaneously as irrational irrigation, cause generation Secondary Saline phenomenon in soil the most of common occurrence.How quick improvement, make good use of these low yield soils, have become as a realistic problem concerning social development speed.And using modifying agent is a kind of important alkaline land improving Land use systems.The existing modifying agent for salt-soda soil or improving fertilizer mainly have two types, and one is based on acidic materials, coordinate fall alkali and the principle of soil cation replacement salt reduction, reach improved effect, as reduced pH, the Cl in saline-alkali soil with calcic material acidity material-And Na+;Another kind of to increase soil fertility, to improve organic and beneficial element N, P, K equal size, such as various fertilizers, chemical fertilizer, biological material etc..Lack be specifically designed for that soil physical chemistry is poor, harden, soil conditioner that preservation capacity of water and fertility can differ from, some modifying agents are simply taken into account possesses some improvement soil effect structure, as added the materials such as straw, but straw is perishable, structural improvement lasts is poor, needs repetitive administration repeatedly to can be only achieved final physicochemical structure improvement purpose.It is therefore desirable to the formula for the soil conditioner in this kind of salt-soda soil is further studied and is improved.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is for above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of soil physical and chemical property modifying agent and preparation method thereof is provided, with expectation solve the modifying agent in salt-soda soil in prior art lack be specifically designed for that soil physical chemistry is poor, harden, Soil structure that preservation capacity of water and fertility can differ from, and structural improvement lasts is poor, repetitive administration is needed repeatedly to can be only achieved the technical problems such as final physicochemical structure improvement purpose.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of soil physical and chemical property modifying agent, and described modifying agent includes the straw 30 to 60 parts according to mass ratio meter, polyacrylamide 10 to 20 parts, 30 to 50 parts of humus, inorganic salt 5 to 10 parts;Described inorganic salt calcium superphosphate 35% to 50% the most by percentage to the quality, ammonium sulfate 25% to 35%, magnesium sulfate 3% to 8%, iron chloride 5% to 10%, ferrous sulfate 5% to 10%, calcium nitrate 3% to 10%, zinc sulfate 2% to 3%, the mixture of Borax 2% to 3%.
As preferably, further technical scheme is: described straw includes the powder mixture of Semen Tritici aestivi, Oryza sativa L., Sorghum vulgare Pers., corn straw.
Further technical scheme is: described polyacrylamide is amphion polyacrylamide.
Further technical scheme is: described humus is weathered coal.
Another aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of a kind of soil physical and chemical property modifying agent, and described method comprises the steps: to weigh straw, polyacrylamide, humus and inorganic salt in mass ratio;By powdered for straw mechanical activation comminution, then polyacrylamide and inorganic salt are dissolved in quantitative water;Humus is uniformly mixed with the straw of powder, dries;The mixture of humus and the straw of powder is added in the mixed solution of polyacrylamide and inorganic salt, uniformly dry after mixing, then mechanical activation comminution becomes after powder.
Compared with prior art, one of beneficial effects of the present invention is: comprise the inorganic salt of element necessary to the plant growths such as calcium, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, boron, nitrogen by adding in modifying agent, the loss of a large amount of inorganic salts in the soil caused because of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching can be supplemented, meet the plant growth demand to inorganic salt.And this modifying agent preparation method and application process are simple, and usage amount is little, instant effect, effect lasting, suits large area to popularize;Use for 1 to 2 time and can be obviously improved Soil structure, increase soil granular body quantity, more can promote the drip washing of salt ion in soil;Meanwhile, the many kinds of substance such as polyacrylamide can also strengthen breathability and the permeance property of soil, reduces Soil Anti corrosive nature, has good water conservation, soil conservation, slow release fertilizer performance, provides good environment for plant growth.
Additionally, this modifying agent is fully natural green modifying agent, soil is not resulted in secondary pollution.Polyacrylamide is high molecular polymer, is not susceptible to decompose under the form being combined with soil, and this is also improved effect persistently significant major reason.Even if deuterogenesis decomposes, the product after decomposition has nontoxic, provides nitrogen and the source of carbon for soil.The source such as modifying agent raw material straw, polyacrylamide is wide, nontoxic, cheap, greatly reduces improvement cost, is suitable for promoting on a large scale in alkaline land improving.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is to be the most formulated irregular solid particle mixture of raw material with straw, polyacrylamide, humus, inorganic salt (rich in plant desired nutritional elements such as Ca, Mg, Fe).In plantation improved, process, use this improvement ground, can reach to improve salt-soda soil and can meet again the purpose of plant growth desired nutritional.Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the total amount of the soil physical and chemical property modifying agent of the preparation present invention is 100kg, and concrete step is:
Step one, first weigh 54kg straw, 13kg polyacrylamide, 27kg humus and 6kg inorganic salt (impurity mixed in mixed process is not counted in gross mass, and actual mass may slightly float);Wherein inorganic salt is calcium superphosphate 35% by percentage to the quality, ammonium sulfate 30%, magnesium sulfate 3%, iron chloride 8%, ferrous sulfate 10%, calcium nitrate 3%, zinc sulfate 2.5%, the mixture of Borax 2%;
Step 2, straw is ground into powder by pulverizer machinery, then polyacrylamide and inorganic salt are dissolved in quantitative water;
Step 3, humus is uniformly mixed with the straw of powder, dry;
Step 4, the mixture of humus and the straw of powder is added in the mixed solution of polyacrylamide and inorganic salt, uniformly dry after mixing, then mechanical activation comminution becomes after powder.
Mixing the moisture in raw material in preparation process and eventually dried evaporation completely, therefore in step 2, the consumption of water for dissolving polyacrylamide and inorganic salt does not limit, amount polyacrylamide and inorganic salt fully dissolved;On the other hand, raw material straw and humus the most all should be the state that range estimation is dried, and both water content are not counted in above-mentioned quality.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the total amount of the soil physical and chemical property modifying agent of the preparation present invention is 300kg, and concrete step is:
Step one, first weigh 90kg straw, 30kg polyacrylamide, 150kg humus and 30kg inorganic salt (impurity mixed in mixed process is not counted in gross mass, and actual mass may slightly float);Wherein inorganic salt is calcium superphosphate 50% by percentage to the quality, ammonium sulfate 35%, magnesium sulfate 5%, iron chloride 5%, ferrous sulfate 7%, calcium nitrate 10%, zinc sulfate 3%, the mixture of Borax 2.5%;On the other hand, straw includes Semen Tritici aestivi, Oryza sativa L., Sorghum vulgare Pers., the powder mixture of seeding corn and other crops straw;
Step 2, straw is ground into powder by pulverizer machinery, then polyacrylamide and inorganic salt are dissolved in quantitative water;
Step 3, humus is uniformly mixed with the straw of powder, dry;
Step 4, the mixture of humus and the straw of powder is added in the mixed solution of polyacrylamide and inorganic salt, uniformly dry after mixing, then mechanical activation comminution becomes after powder.
Mixing the moisture in raw material in preparation process and eventually dried evaporation completely, therefore in step 2, the consumption of water for dissolving polyacrylamide and inorganic salt does not limit, amount polyacrylamide and inorganic salt fully dissolved;On the other hand, raw material straw and humus the most all should be the state that range estimation is dried, and both water content are not counted in above-mentioned quality.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the total amount of the soil physical and chemical property modifying agent of the preparation present invention is 500kg, and concrete step is:
Step one, first weigh 205kg straw, 91kg polyacrylamide, 181kg humus and 23kg inorganic salt (impurity mixed in mixed process is not counted in gross mass, and actual mass may slightly float);Wherein inorganic salt is calcium superphosphate 42% by percentage to the quality, ammonium sulfate 25%, magnesium sulfate 8%, iron chloride 10%, ferrous sulfate 5%, calcium nitrate 6%, zinc sulfate 2%, the mixture of Borax 3%;On the other hand, straw includes Semen Tritici aestivi, Oryza sativa L., Sorghum vulgare Pers., the powder mixture of seeding corn and other crops straw;Polyacrylamide, preferably with amphion polyacrylamide, has good flocculability, water conservation and fertilizer conservation effect;Humus, preferably with weathered coal, can form irreversible state of aggregation with calcium, and its aggregate has the features such as loose porous, water-retaining property is strong;
Step 2, straw is ground into powder by pulverizer machinery, then polyacrylamide and inorganic salt are dissolved in quantitative water;
Step 3, humus is uniformly mixed with the straw of powder, dry;
Step 4, the mixture of humus and the straw of powder is added in the mixed solution of polyacrylamide and inorganic salt, uniformly dry after mixing, then mechanical activation comminution becomes after powder.
Mixing the moisture in raw material in preparation process and eventually dried evaporation completely, therefore in step 2, the consumption of water for dissolving polyacrylamide and inorganic salt does not limit, amount polyacrylamide and inorganic salt fully dissolved;On the other hand, raw material straw and humus the most all should be the state that range estimation is dried, and both water content are not counted in above-mentioned quality.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is to carry out the soil physical and chemical property modifying agent prepared in above three embodiment respectively applying experiment, method particularly includes:
Step one: the saline and alkaline field being intended to improvement is watered in advance, and soil is deep ploughed;
Step 2: under soil moisture regime, spreads fertilizer over the fields in the fields uniformly by modifying agent, and concrete amount of application is every mu of ground 150kg;
Step 3: plough shallowly soil, turns over modifying agent and buries, repeatedly turn over soil, can carry out long-term cropping after 3 days;
Above-mentioned it was found that, the Coastal beach after disposably applying above-mentioned modifying agent newly encloses and cultivates salt-soda soil, all reach final physicochemical structure improvement purpose, beneficially plant growth;Comprise the inorganic salt of element necessary to the plant growths such as calcium, magnesium, ferrum, zinc, boron, nitrogen specifically by adding in modifying agent, the loss of a large amount of inorganic salts in the soil caused because of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching can be supplemented, meet the plant growth demand to inorganic salt.And this modifying agent preparation method and application process are simple, and usage amount is little, instant effect, effect lasting, suits large area to popularize;Use for 1 to 2 time and can be obviously improved Soil structure, increase soil granular body quantity, more can promote the drip washing of salt ion in soil;Meanwhile, the many kinds of substance such as polyacrylamide can also enhance breathability and the permeance property of soil, reduces Soil Anti corrosive nature, has good water conservation, soil conservation, slow release fertilizer performance, provides good environment for plant growth.
Additionally, this modifying agent is fully natural green modifying agent, soil is not resulted in secondary pollution.Polyacrylamide is high molecular polymer, is not susceptible to decompose under the form being combined with soil, and this is also improved effect persistently significant major reason.Even if deuterogenesis decomposes, the product after decomposition has nontoxic, provides nitrogen and the source of carbon for soil.The source such as modifying agent raw material straw, polyacrylamide is wide, nontoxic, cheap, greatly reduces improvement cost, is suitable for promoting on a large scale in alkaline land improving.It is especially suitable for newly enclosing and cultivating the soil physical and chemical property improvement in salt-soda soil for Coastal beach.
Than that described above, it can further be stated that " embodiment ", " another embodiment ", " embodiment " spoken of in this manual etc., the specific features, structure or the feature that refer to combine the description of this embodiment are included at least one embodiment that the application generality describes.The most multiple local appearance statement of the same race is not necessarily to refer to same embodiment.Furthermore, it is understood that combine any embodiment when describing a specific features, structure or feature, to be advocated is to combine other embodiments also to fall within the scope of the present invention to realize this feature, structure or feature.
Although reference be made herein to invention has been described for the multiple explanatory embodiment of the present invention, but, it should be understood that those skilled in the art can be designed that a lot of other amendments and embodiment, these amendments and embodiment will fall within spirit disclosed in the present application and spirit.More specifically, in the range of specification and claims, the building block of theme composite configuration and/or layout can be carried out multiple modification and improvement.In addition to the modification carrying out building block and/or layout and improvement, to those skilled in the art, other purposes also will be apparent from.

Claims (5)

1. a soil physical and chemical property modifying agent, it is characterised in that: described modifying agent includes the straw 30 to 60 parts according to mass ratio meter, polyacrylamide 10 to 20 parts, 30 to 50 parts of humus, inorganic salt 5 to 10 parts;Described inorganic salt calcium superphosphate 35% to 50% the most by percentage to the quality, ammonium sulfate 25% to 35%, magnesium sulfate 3% to 8%, iron chloride 5% to 10%, ferrous sulfate 5% to 10%, calcium nitrate 3% to 10%, zinc sulfate 2% to 3%, the mixture of Borax 2% to 3%.
Soil physical and chemical property modifying agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described straw includes the powder mixture of Semen Tritici aestivi, Oryza sativa L., Sorghum vulgare Pers., corn straw.
Soil physical and chemical property modifying agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described polyacrylamide is amphion polyacrylamide.
Soil physical and chemical property modifying agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described humus is weathered coal.
5. the preparation method of soil physical and chemical property modifying agent described in a Claims 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
Weigh straw, polyacrylamide, humus and inorganic salt in mass ratio;
By powdered for straw mechanical activation comminution, then polyacrylamide and inorganic salt are dissolved in quantitative water;
Humus is uniformly mixed with the straw of powder, dries;
The mixture of humus and the straw of powder is added in the mixed solution of polyacrylamide and inorganic salt, uniformly dry after mixing, then mechanical activation comminution becomes after powder.
CN201610500727.5A 2016-06-30 2016-06-30 Improver of soil physicochemical characters and preparation method thereof Pending CN105950183A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108834463A (en) * 2018-07-06 2018-11-20 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 A kind of coastal saline soil administering method significantly reducing crop Salt Strees Condition
CN110746241A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-04 辽宁大学 Slow-release soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof
CN112876309A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-01 江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院 Coastal saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof
CN115136765A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-10-04 山东农业大学 Method for improving coastal saline-alkali soil

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CN102127455A (en) * 2010-12-06 2011-07-20 西南大学 Method for improving sandy soil
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CN102477301A (en) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-30 大连创达技术交易市场有限公司 Composite material for eco-environment construction of plants
CN102517030A (en) * 2011-11-07 2012-06-27 孙东军 Saline-alkali soil improver
CN104449756A (en) * 2014-11-18 2015-03-25 北京市农林科学院 Water-soluble soil salinization improver and preparation method and application of improver
CN104845638A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-08-19 唐兴龙 Soil conditioner
CN105154094A (en) * 2015-08-19 2015-12-16 南宁三达奥克化学有限责任公司 Organic soil conditioner

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1746259A (en) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-15 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 Ecological building composite materials
CN102477301A (en) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-30 大连创达技术交易市场有限公司 Composite material for eco-environment construction of plants
CN102127455A (en) * 2010-12-06 2011-07-20 西南大学 Method for improving sandy soil
CN102177774A (en) * 2010-12-06 2011-09-14 西南大学 Method for enhancing evaporation resisting and water preserving ability of sandy soil
CN102517030A (en) * 2011-11-07 2012-06-27 孙东军 Saline-alkali soil improver
CN104449756A (en) * 2014-11-18 2015-03-25 北京市农林科学院 Water-soluble soil salinization improver and preparation method and application of improver
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108834463A (en) * 2018-07-06 2018-11-20 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 A kind of coastal saline soil administering method significantly reducing crop Salt Strees Condition
CN110746241A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-04 辽宁大学 Slow-release soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof
CN112876309A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-01 江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院 Coastal saline-alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof
CN115136765A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-10-04 山东农业大学 Method for improving coastal saline-alkali soil

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Application publication date: 20160921