CN105647537A - Soil conditioner applicable to saline and alkaline dryland sandy soil cotton field - Google Patents
Soil conditioner applicable to saline and alkaline dryland sandy soil cotton field Download PDFInfo
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- CN105647537A CN105647537A CN201610034229.6A CN201610034229A CN105647537A CN 105647537 A CN105647537 A CN 105647537A CN 201610034229 A CN201610034229 A CN 201610034229A CN 105647537 A CN105647537 A CN 105647537A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The invention discloses soil conditioner applicable to the saline and alkaline dryland sandy soil cotton field. The soil conditioner is composed of nutrient elements (sulfur coated urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium sulphate), turfy soil, ferrous sulfate, ardealite, polyacrylamide and a drought resistance and salt tolerance agent (2-( acetoxyl group) benzoic acid and sodium nitroprusside). The soil conditioner is targeted to solve the problems that northwest inland areas are deficient in fresh water resource and poor in sandy saline and alkaline soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, the fertility characteristics of 'nitrogen deficiency, phosphorus deficiency, rich potassium' of sandy saline and alkaline soil, requirements for fertilizer of cotton and fertilizer absorption characteristics of cotton in sandy saline and alkaline soil are comprehensively considered, and comprehensive treatment is conducted from multiple angles of water retention, fertilizer retention, lowering of pH value, salt inhibition, reasonable matching of nutrients and enhancement of drought-resistant and salt-resistant capacity of cotton. The soil conditioner is applied to multiple areas such as Inner Mongolia and Sinkiang in 2014 and 2015, the yield is increased by 10-15%, and water is saved by 20% and above.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides and relate to soil conditioner or soil conditioner manufacture field, particularly a kind of soil conditioner suitable in sand soil cotton field, saline and alkaline nonirrigated farmland, NORTHWEST CHINA inland.
Background technology
China is Cotton Production state maximum in the world and country of consumption, is also maximum textile and clothing manufacturing country and exported country, and Cotton Gossypii has irreplaceable critical role in national economy. There are good sunlight-heat reaources and weather conditions in NORTHWEST CHINA hinterland, is the major area of Cotton in China production. This area is again the solonchak district that China is maximum, and only salting area in Xinjiang reaches 11,000,000 hm2, account for the whole nation salinized soil area 1/3 and Xinjiang land area 6.6%. This area belongs to arid and semi-arid lands, and annual precipitation is less than 100mm, and evaporation capacity is but at 2000-3300mm, and level of ground water is relatively low, freshwater resources famine; Many Soils In The Regions are corroded by dust storm, desertify serious, and soil salt content relatively low (about 0.1%), but soil pH higher (>=8.0) belong to sand saline-alkali soil. Sand soil aeration is good, and soil water-retaining, fertilizer-preserving ability are poor, and in sand salt affected soil, plant cotton is primarily present the problems such as rich water runs off seriously, planting percent is low, yield poorly.
Soil conditioner is the effective way developing salt-soda soil, and current saline-alkali land soil conditioner plays the effect of improvement soil mainly through acid-base neutralization, enhancing soil aggregate, complexation/inerting heavy metal ion and four approach of building up fertility. Salt-soda soil production process is complicated, it is limited to local soil constitution simultaneously, there is very strong regional characteristic, most saline-alkali land soil conditioners are as universality modifying agent at present, the specific aim research of most suitably used soil class and specific long-term cropping is also relatively fewer, seriously constrain its promotion and application. Special NORTHWEST CHINA hinterland freshwater resources famine, sand saline-alkali soil permeable and ventilative well, water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability is poor, permeable with other types saline-alkali soil and poor air permeability feature forms sharp contrast, and the soil conditioner in the sand saline-alkali soil cotton field therefore researching and developing a kind of applicable this area is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of soil conditioner suitable in the Northwest inland area saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand.This soil conditioner is made up of nutrient, turfy soil, ferrous sulfate, ardealite, polyacrylamide and drought resistance and salt tolerance agent, it has considered " nitrogen stress, lean phosphorus, rich potassium " fertility characteristic of husky property saline-alkali soil, Cotton Gossypii, to the demand of fertilizer and Cotton Gossypii fertilizer absorption characteristic in sand saline-alkali soil, by water conservation, fertilizer conservation, reduction pH value, presses down salt, rational proportion nutrient and strengthens the multiple angle comprehensive control of drought resistance and salt tolerance ability of Cotton Gossypii.
The technical scheme is that a kind of soil conditioner suitable in the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand, it is characterized in that, be made up of the component of following weight parts: nutrient 30-35, turfy soil 30-35, ferrous sulfate 15-18.5, ardealite 15-18.5, polyacrylamide 3-5 and drought resistance and salt tolerance agent 1-1.5.
Above-mentioned nutrient is: count in mass ratio, sulfur-coated urea: Diammonium phosphate (DAP): potassium sulfate=3:1.8-2.2:1.8-2.2.
Above-mentioned drought resistance and salt tolerance agent is: count in mass ratio, 2-(acetoxyl group) benzoic acid: sodium nitroprusside=1:48-52.
Preparation method: after can first being mixed in proportion by other compositions (except sodium nitroprusside), be uniformly sprayed at above after then sodium nitroprusside 1:25 in mass ratio being dissolved in water, remixes uniformly.
Application process: soil conditioner is imposed on sowing row, cover one layer of soil, then sow. Every mu of amount of application is 80-120 kg/acre.
Preferably, described nutrient is: count in mass ratio, sulfur-coated urea: Diammonium phosphate (DAP): potassium sulfate=3:2:2.
Preferably, described drought resistance and salt tolerance agent is: count in mass ratio, 2-(acetoxyl group) benzoic acid: sodium nitroprusside=1:50.
Wherein, the content of organic matter >=50% of above-mentioned turfy soil, pH value is 5.5��6.5. Above-mentioned sulfur-coated urea (N content >=37%), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (N content 18%, P2O5Content 46%) and potassium sulfate (K2O content 50%).
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
1, preparation technology is simple, pollution-free
Can use after each raw material is mixed in proportion, easy and simple to handle, easy to use. Nonpoisonous and tasteless, safety and environmental protection, not Pollution Plant, soil and groundwater.
2, water conservation, fertilizer conservation, reduction pH value and press down salt comprehensive control
High for sand saline-alkali soil ventilating permeable, the problem that liquid manure loss is serious, add water-retaining agent polyacrylamide, its water absorbent rate is between 100-120 times, moisture can be effectively suppressed to evaporate, " the little reservoir " formed in soil, and the plain leaching loss that irrigation (or rainfall) causes nutrition first can be reduced. Have employed turfy soil as organic substrate, can promote soil microbial activities, improve the content of organic matter of soil, improve Soil structure, subacidity can reduce soil pH value. Adopting ferrous sulfate as acid-base neutralization agent, ardealite is as pressing down salt agent, and Papillary can effectively reduce the pH value of soil further, and suppresses soil salt.
3, the salt tolerance of drought of Cotton Gossypii is strengthened
Cotton Gossypii is relatively drought resistance and salt tolerance crop, and by adding drought resistance and salt tolerance agent 2-(acetoxyl group) benzoic acid and sodium nitroprusside, Aspirin can reduce the transpiration of crop, improves the drought-resistant ability of Cotton Gossypii; Sodium nitroprusside can promote that crop side root occurs, and can strengthen the salt tolerance of Cotton Gossypii. The two uses the drought resisting and salt resistance ability that can strengthen Cotton Gossypii further simultaneously, improves planting percent and yield.
4, nutrient is with strong points, and economy and ecological benefits are obvious
" nitrogen stress, lean phosphorus, rich potassium " fertility characteristic according to sand saline-alkali soil, Cotton Gossypii is to the demand of fertilizer and Cotton Gossypii fertilizer absorption characteristic in sand saline-alkali soil, the ratio of N, P, K nutrient is carried out rational proportion, slow-release fertilizer (sulfur-coated urea) and quick-acting fertilizer (Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium sulfate) is carried out reasonable preparation simultaneously.For the feature of sand saline-alkali soil fertilizer-preserving ability difference, add slow-release fertilizer and effectively alleviate Cotton Gossypii middle and late stage senilism.
5, this soil conditioner is for the problem of Northwest inland area scarcity of fresh water resources and sand saline-alkali soil water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability difference, consider " nitrogen stress, lean phosphorus, rich potassium " fertility characteristic of sand saline-alkali soil, Cotton Gossypii, to the demand of fertilizer and Cotton Gossypii fertilizer absorption characteristic in sand saline-alkali soil, by water conservation, fertilizer conservation, reduction pH value, presses down salt, rational proportion nutrient and strengthens the multiple angle comprehensive control of drought resistance and salt tolerance ability of Cotton Gossypii. Within 2014 and 2015, in Inner Mongol and Xinjiang, multiple areas use, and increase production 10-15%, economize on water more than 20%.
Detailed description of the invention
Turfy soil used in embodiment is produced by Shouguang Jia Heng agricultural technology company limited, and the content of organic matter >=50%, pH value is 5.5��6.5. Polyacrylamide is produced by essence Witter, Qingdao Chemical Co., Ltd.. Sulfur-coated urea (N content >=37%), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (N content 18%, P2O5Content 46%) and potassium sulfate (K2O content 50%) produced by Qingzhou City Tian Qiyuan chemical fertilizer company limited. 2-(acetoxyl group) benzoic acid is to be produced by Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Shandong Aocom. Sodium nitroprusside is produced by Jining Hong Ming chemical reagent company limited. Ferrous sulfate is produced by Bo Jin star Chemical Co., Ltd.. Ardealite is produced by richness Dehua, Tongling work Co., Ltd.
Embodiment 1:
Within 2014 and 2015, the cotton field, little Cha Han beach at the left flag in West Inner Mongolia Alashan League has carried out field experiment. Locality is sand saline-alkali soil, salinity 0.1%, soil pH value is 8.23, and nutrient content is: alkali slag (32.3 �� g/g), effective P (6.76 �� g/g), active potassic (175.6 �� g/g), organic (0.67%). Soil conditioner every mu amount of application is 100 kgs/acre, and concrete formula is: turfy soil 30 kilograms, polyacrylamide 4 kilograms, sulfur-coated urea 15 kilograms, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 10 kilograms, potassium sulfate 10 kilograms, Aspirin 1 kilogram, sodium nitroprusside 20 grams, 15 kilograms of ferrous sulfate, ardealite 15 kilograms. First by other raw material mix homogeneously, then sodium nitroprusside is dissolved in 500 grams of water, is uniformly sprayed at above, then mixes once. Soil conditioner is imposed on sowing row, cover one layer of soil, then sow. Experimental cultivar is local main breed Tianyuan 1. Not use modifying agent but to enrich the process of equivalent nutrient chemical fertilizer for comparison. April 25 was sowed, and early June fills the gaps with seedlings after adding up planting percent, thinning, final singling, and density is 12000 plants/acre, and other control measures are with local conventional land for growing field crops, and make every effort to consistent between each process.
Result of the test, in Table 1, planting percent, improves 18.1% and 15.7% than comparison in 2014 and 2015 respectively. Fall two leaf chlorophyll contents seedling stage, photosynthetic rate and mda content result illustrate: after using soil conditioner, soil conditioner works from the multiple angle of salt tolerance of drought of the cotton Seedling of water conservation, fertilizer conservation, reduction pH value and raising simultaneously, and cotton Seedling growing state is significantly better than comparison. The seed cotton yield of 2014 and 2015 improves 14.2% and 11.4% than comparison respectively. As can be seen here, the present invention is remarkably improved Cotton Gossypii planting percent, improves the upgrowth situation of cotton in seedling stage, improves seed cotton yield.
The impact on Cotton Gossypii planting percent, seedling growth situation and yield of table 1 soil conditioner
* to be mid-June be measured two leaves that fall of cotton Seedling for chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and mda content.
Embodiment 2:
Within 2014 and 2015, carry out field experiment in reclamation area, Kashi little lake, local mean annual precipitation 38.3mm, soil is sand saline-alkali soil, salinity 0.27%, pH=8.34, the content of organic matter 0.91%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 46.5mg/kg, available phosphorus 14.7mg/kg, effective potassium 186.3mg/kg. Soil conditioner every mu makes consumption be 106 kgs/acre, and concrete formula is: turfy soil 35 kilograms, polyacrylamide 3.5 kilograms, sulfur-coated urea 12.8 kilograms, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 8.6 kilograms, potassium sulfate 8.6 kilograms, Aspirin 1 kilogram, sodium nitroprusside 20 grams, 18.25 kilograms of ferrous sulfate, ardealite 18.25 kilograms. First by other raw material mix homogeneously, then sodium nitroprusside is dissolved in 500 grams of water, is uniformly sprayed on the soil conditioner of mixing, then mixes once. Soil conditioner is imposed on sowing row, cover one layer of soil, then sow. Experimental cultivar is sea 916 before local main breed. Adopt two factor randomized block design, the factor one processes for soil conditioner, not use modifying agent but to enrich the process of equivalent nutrient chemical fertilizer for comparison, the factor two is irrigation quantity, arranges normal drip irrigation (100% irrigation quantity), appropriateness arid (80% irrigation quantity) two process. April 15, sowing, after adding up planting percent mid-May, filled the gaps with seedlings, thinning, final singling, and density is 18000 plants/acre, and other control measures are with local conventional land for growing field crops, and make every effort to consistent between each process.
Result of the test is in Table 2, and under normal drip irrigation, after using modifying agent, planting percent improves 14.0% and 15.8% than comparison in 2014 and 2015 respectively; During appropriateness arid, planting percent improves 16.4% and 19.2% than comparison respectively. It is remarkably improved Cotton Gossypii planting percent after use soil conditioner is described, under appropriateness drought condition, uses the more remarkable effect of soil conditioner. Use the soil conditioner impact on cotton seed ginnings consistent with the effect tendency to planting percent, under normal drip irrigation, after using soil conditioner, seed cotton yield improves 10.5% and 12.1% than comparison in 2014 and 2015 respectively, during appropriateness arid, seed cotton yield improves 15.3% and 16.2% than comparison in 2014 and 2015 respectively. Using after soil conditioner, appropriateness Osmotic treatment 2014 and 2015 is still than normal drip irrigation volume increase 7.0% and 8.3%. Illustrating to use soil conditioner to be possible not only to increase all right using water wisely of yield, this has very important meaning for the northwest arid area that freshwater resources are relatively in short supply.
Table 2 soil conditioner and different irrigation and the impact on Cotton Gossypii planting percent and seed cotton yield
Each component content ratio above, can make the appropriate adjustments according to local soil pH value and soil nutrient situation, or carries out equivalent replacement in nutrient, but any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the soil conditioner being applicable to the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand, it is characterized in that, be made up of the component of following weight parts: nutrient 30-35, turfy soil 30-35, ferrous sulfate 15-18.5, ardealite 15-18.5, polyacrylamide 3-5 and drought resistance and salt tolerance agent 1-1.5; Described nutrient is: count in mass ratio, sulfur-coated urea: Diammonium phosphate (DAP): potassium sulfate=3:1.8-2.2:1.8-2.2; Described drought resistance and salt tolerance agent is: count in mass ratio, 2-(acetoxyl group) benzoic acid: sodium nitroprusside=1:48-52.
2. a kind of soil conditioner suitable in the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described nutrient is: count in mass ratio, sulfur-coated urea: Diammonium phosphate (DAP): potassium sulfate=3:2:2.
3. a kind of soil conditioner suitable in the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described drought resistance and salt tolerance agent is: count in mass ratio, 2-(acetoxyl group) benzoic acid: sodium nitroprusside=1:50.
4. the preparation method of soil conditioner described in any one in claim 1-3, is characterized in that, first by after other components mixing except sodium nitroprusside, is uniformly sprayed at above, remixes uniformly after then sodium nitroprusside being dissolved in water.
5. the preparation method of soil conditioner as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, by soluble in water for sodium nitroprusside 1:25 in mass ratio.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN106085452A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 东营市农业科学研究院 | Alkali ground Cotton Gossypii open field live broadcast medicament and application process thereof |
| CN106613826A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-05-10 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Low-potassium-tolerant cotton seedling nutrient solution and application thereof |
| CN107311755A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-03 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of long-acting special fertilizer of raising salt-soda soil salt tolerance of crop and preparation method thereof |
| CN113773852A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-10 | 云南省化工研究院有限公司 | Plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil conditioner and application thereof |
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| CN107311755B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2020-06-30 | 山东农业大学 | Special long-acting fertilizer for improving salt tolerance of saline-alkali soil crops and preparation method thereof |
| CN113773852A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-10 | 云南省化工研究院有限公司 | Plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil conditioner and application thereof |
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