CN105647537B - A kind of soil conditioner suitable for saline and alkaline nonirrigated farmland sand soil cotton field - Google Patents
A kind of soil conditioner suitable for saline and alkaline nonirrigated farmland sand soil cotton field Download PDFInfo
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- CN105647537B CN105647537B CN201610034229.6A CN201610034229A CN105647537B CN 105647537 B CN105647537 B CN 105647537B CN 201610034229 A CN201610034229 A CN 201610034229A CN 105647537 B CN105647537 B CN 105647537B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil conditioners suitable for the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand.It is made of nutrient (sulfur-coated urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium sulfate), turfy soil, ferrous sulfate, ardealite, polyacrylamide and drought resistance and salt tolerance agent (2- (acetoxyl group) benzoic acid and sodium nitroprussiate).The soil conditioner is directed to the problem of Northwest inland area scarcity of fresh water resources and sand saline-alkali soil retain water and nutrients ability difference, comprehensively consider " nitrogen stress, poor phosphorus, rich potassium " fertility characteristic of sand saline-alkali soil, demand and cotton of the cotton to fertilizer fertilizer absorption characteristic in sand saline-alkali soil by water conservation, fertilizer conservation, reduce pH value, suppression salt, rational proportion nutrient and the multiple angle comprehensive treatments of drought resistance and salt tolerance ability for enhancing cotton.2014 and 2015 Inner Mongol and Xinjiang it is multiple area use, increase production 10-15%, water-saving 20% or more.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of to be suitable for China west the present invention provides soil conditioner or soil conditioner manufacturing field is related to
The soil conditioner in the northern saline and alkaline nonirrigated farmland sand soil in inland cotton field.
Background technique
China is maximum Cotton Production state and country of consumption in the world, is also the largest textile and clothing producing country and goes out
Mouth state, cotton have irreplaceable critical role in national economy.Northwest China hinterland has good photo-thermal to provide
Source and weather conditions are the major areas of Cotton in China production.This area is maximum solonchak area, China again, only Xinjiang salt marsh face
It accumulates up to 11,000,000 hm2, account for about the 6.6% of 1/3 and Xinjiang land area of national salinized soil area.This area belongs to arid and half
Arid area, annual precipitation is less than 100mm, and for evaporation capacity but in 2000-3300mm, level of ground water is lower, and freshwater resources seriously lack
It is weary；Many Soils In The Regions are corroded by dust storm, are desertified serious, and soil salt content is lower (0.1% or so), but soil pH it is higher (>=
8.0), belong to sand saline-alkali soil.Sand soil aeration is good, and soil water-retaining, fertilizer-preserving ability are poor, plants cotton in sand salt affected soil
Flower is primarily present rich water and is lost the problems such as serious, planting percent is low, low output.
Soil conditioner is the effective way for developing and using salt-soda soil, and saline-alkali land soil conditioner mainly passes through soda acid at present
Four approach are neutralized, enhance soil aggregate structure, complexing/inerting heavy metal ion and built up fertility to play the work of improvement soil
With.It is complicated that salt-soda soil generates process, while being limited to local soil constitution, has very strong regional characteristic, most at present
Saline-alkali land soil conditioner as universality modifying agent, to most suitably used soil class and specific long-term cropping for Journal of Sex Research also
It is relatively fewer, seriously constrain its promotion and application.There is a serious shortage of sand is saline and alkaline for special northwest China hinterland freshwater resources
Native permeable and good air permeability, retain water and nutrients ability is poor, and it is right to form distinctness with the characteristics of other types saline-alkali soil is permeable and poor air permeability
Than, therefore the soil conditioner for researching and developing a kind of sand saline-alkali soil cotton field of suitable this area is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil conditioners suitable for the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of Northwest inland area sand.
The soil conditioner is made of nutrient, turfy soil, ferrous sulfate, ardealite, polyacrylamide and drought resistance and salt tolerance agent, it is comprehensive
" nitrogen stress, the poor phosphorus, rich potassium " fertility characteristic for considering sand saline-alkali soil is closed, demand and cotton of the cotton to fertilizer are in sand salt
Fertilizer absorption characteristic in alkaline earth, the drought resisting by water conservation, fertilizer conservation, reduction pH value, suppression salt, rational proportion nutrient and enhancing cotton are resistance to
The multiple angle comprehensive treatments of salt ability.
The technical scheme is that a kind of soil conditioner suitable for the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand, characterized in that by
Following components in parts by weight composition: nutrient 30-35, turfy soil 30-35, ferrous sulfate 15-18.5, ardealite 15-18.5,
Polyacrylamide 3-5 and drought resistance and salt tolerance agent 1-1.5.
Above-mentioned nutrient are as follows: count in mass ratio, sulfur-coated urea: Diammonium phosphate (DAP): potassium sulfate=3:1.8-2.2:1.8-
2.2。
Above-mentioned drought resistance and salt tolerance agent are as follows: count in mass ratio, 2- (acetoxyl group) benzoic acid: sodium nitroprussiate=1:48-52.
Preparation method: after can first mixing other compositions (except sodium nitroprussiate) in proportion, then in mass ratio by sodium nitroprussiate
1:25, which is dissolved in after water, to be uniformly sprayed above, is remixed uniformly.
Method of administration: soil conditioner is imposed on sowing row, one layer of soil is covered, then sows.Amount of application is 80- per acre
120 kg/mu.
Preferably, the nutrient are as follows: count in mass ratio, sulfur-coated urea: Diammonium phosphate (DAP): potassium sulfate=3:2:2.
Preferably, the drought resistance and salt tolerance agent are as follows: count in mass ratio, 2- (acetoxyl group) benzoic acid: sodium nitroprussiate=1:50.
Wherein, the content of organic matter >=50% of above-mentioned turfy soil, pH value are 5.5~6.5.Above-mentioned sulfur-coated urea (N content
>=37%), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (N content 18%, P2O5Content 46%) and potassium sulfate (K2O content 50%).
Advantages of the present invention is as follows:
1, preparation process is simple, pollution-free
It can be used after each raw material is mixed in proportion, it is easy to operate, it is easy to use.Safety and environmental protection, not Pollution Plant, soil
Earth and underground water.
2, water conservation, fertilizer conservation, reduction pH value and suppression salt comprehensive treatment
High for sand saline-alkali soil ventilating permeable, liquid manure is lost serious problem, and water-retaining agent polyacrylamide is added,
Moisture evaporation, " the small reservoir " formed in the soil can be effectively suppressed between 100-120 times in water absorbent rate, and can reduce filling
Irrigating (or rainfall) causes the plain leaching of nutrition member to be lost.Using turfy soil as organic substrate, it is living to can promote edaphon
Property, the content of organic matter of soil is improved, soil texture is improved, subacidity can reduce soil pH value.Using ferrous sulfate as acid
Alkali nertralizer, for ardealite as suppression salt agent, the pH value of soil can be further effectively reduced in Papillary, and inhibits soil salt.
3, enhance the salt tolerance of drought of cotton
Cotton is compared with drought resistance and salt tolerance crop, by the way that drought resistance and salt tolerance agent 2- (acetoxyl group) benzoic acid and sodium nitroprussiate, 2- is added
Acetoxy-benzoic acid can reduce the transpiration of crop, improve the drought-resistant ability of cotton；Sodium nitroprussiate can promote crop lateral root hair
It is raw, and the salt tolerance of cotton can be enhanced.The two simultaneously using can further enhance drought resisting and the salt resistance ability of cotton, improve at
Seedling rate and yield.
4, nutrient is with strong points, and economy and ecological benefits are obvious
According to " nitrogen stress, poor phosphorus, rich potassium " fertility characteristic of sand saline-alkali soil, demand and cotton of the cotton to fertilizer are in sand
Property saline-alkali soil in fertilizer absorption characteristic, rational proportion carried out to the ratio of N, P, K nutrient, while to slow-release fertilizer (sulphur coating urine
Element) and quick-acting fertilizer (Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium sulfate) carried out reasonable preparation.For the feature of sand saline-alkali soil fertilizer-preserving ability difference, add
Enter slow-release fertilizer and the early ageing of cotton middle and later periods has been effectively relieved.
5, the soil conditioner is poor for Northwest inland area scarcity of fresh water resources and sand saline-alkali soil retain water and nutrients ability
The problem of, comprehensively consider " nitrogen stress, poor phosphorus, rich potassium " fertility characteristic of sand saline-alkali soil, demand and cotton of the cotton to fertilizer
The fertilizer absorption characteristic in sand saline-alkali soil by water conservation, fertilizer conservation, reduces pH value, suppression salt, rational proportion nutrient and enhancing cotton
The multiple angle comprehensive treatments of drought resistance and salt tolerance ability.It is used in the multiple areas in Inner Mongol and Xinjiang within 2014 and 2015, increases production 10-
15%, water-saving 20% or more.
Specific embodiment
Turfy soil used in embodiment is produced by Shouguang Jia Heng agricultural technology Co., Ltd, the content of organic matter >=50%,
PH value is 5.5~6.5.Polyacrylamide is produced by Qingdao essence Witter Chemical Co., Ltd..Sulfur-coated urea (N content >=
37%), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (N content 18%, P2O5Content 46%) and potassium sulfate (K2O content 50%) by Qingzhou City day enterprise source chemical fertilizer
Co., Ltd's production.2- (acetoxyl group) benzoic acid is produced by Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Shandong Aocom.Sodium nitroprussiate is by Jining
The production of Hong Ming chemical reagent Co., Ltd.Ferrous sulfate is produced by Bo Jin star Chemical Co., Ltd..Ardealite is by richness Dehua, Tongling
The production of work Co., Ltd.
Embodiment 1:
The 2014 and 2015 small beach the Cha Han cotton fields in the left flag in West Inner Mongolia Alashan League have carried out field experiment.When
Ground is sand saline-alkali soil, salt content 0.1%, soil pH value 8.23, nutrient content are as follows: alkaline hydrolysis N (32.3 μ g/g), effective P
(6.76 μ g/g), active potassic (175.6 μ g/g), organic matter (0.67%).Amount of application is 100 kgs/acre to soil conditioner per acre,
Specific formula are as follows: 30 kilograms of turfy soil, 4 kilograms of polyacrylamide, 15 kilograms of sulfur-coated urea, 10 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), sulfuric acid
10 kilograms of potassium, 1 kilogram of Aspirin, 20 grams of sodium nitroprussiate, 15 kilograms of ferrous sulfate, 15 kilograms of ardealite.First by it
He is uniformly mixed raw material, and then sodium nitroprussiate is dissolved in 500 grams of water, is uniformly sprayed above, then mixes primary.By soil improvement
Agent imposes on sowing row, covers one layer of soil, then sows.Experimental cultivar is local main breed Tianyuan 1.Not apply modifying agent
But the processing of equivalent nutrient chemical fertilizer is increased as control.April 25, sowing was filled the gaps with seedlings after early June counts planting percent,
Thinning, final singling, density are 12000 plants/acre, other management measures make every effort to consistent with local conventional crop field, and between each processing.
Test result is shown in Table 1, from the point of view of planting percent, improves 18.1% and 15.7% than control respectively within 2014 and 2015.
Seedling stage falls two leaf chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic rate and mda content result explanation: using after soil conditioner, soil conditioner
It works simultaneously from the multiple angles of salt tolerance of drought of water conservation, fertilizer conservation, reduction pH value and raising cotton seedling, cotton seedling growing state is bright
Aobvious is better than control.2014 and 2015 seed cotton yields improve 14.2% and 11.4% than control respectively.It can be seen that this
Invention is remarkably improved cotton planting percent, improves the upgrowth situation of cotton in seedling stage, improves seed cotton yield.
Influence of 1 soil conditioner of table to cotton planting percent, seedling growth situation and yield
* chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and mda content are to be measured to two leaves that fall of cotton seedling mid-June.
Embodiment 2:
Field experiment, local mean annual precipitation have been carried out in the small lake reclamation area of Kashi within 2014 and 2015
38.3mm, soil are sand saline-alkali soil, salt content 0.27%, pH=8.34, the content of organic matter 0.91%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 46.5mg/
Kg, available phosphorus 14.7mg/kg, effective potassium 186.3mg/kg.Usage amount is 106 kgs/acre to soil conditioner per acre, specific formula
Are as follows: 35 kilograms of turfy soil, 3.5 kilograms of polyacrylamide, 12.8 kilograms of sulfur-coated urea, 8.6 kilograms of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium sulfate
8.6 kilograms, 1 kilogram of Aspirin, 20 grams of sodium nitroprussiate, 18.25 kilograms of ferrous sulfate, 18.25 kilograms of ardealite.First
Other raw materials are uniformly mixed, then sodium nitroprussiate is dissolved in 500 grams of water, is uniformly sprayed on the soil conditioner of mixing, then
It mixes primary.Soil conditioner is imposed on sowing row, one layer of soil is covered, then sows.Before experimental cultivar is local main breed
Sea 916.Using two factor RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGNs, the factor one is soil conditioner processing, not apply modifying agent but increase equivalent
The processing of nutrient chemical fertilizer is control, and the factor two is irrigation quantity, and normal trickle irrigation (100% irrigation quantity), appropriateness arid is arranged
(80% irrigation quantity) two processing.April 15, sowing was filled the gaps with seedlings after mid-May counts planting percent, thinning, final singling, density
It is 18000 plants/acre, other management measures make every effort to consistent with local conventional crop field, and between each processing.
Test result is shown in Table 2, under normal trickle irrigation, is mentioned respectively than control using planting percent 2014 and 2015 after modifying agent
High 14.0% and 15.8%；When appropriateness arid, planting percent improves 16.4% and 19.2% than control respectively.Illustrate to change using soil
It is remarkably improved cotton planting percent after good dose, it is more significant using the effect of soil conditioner under appropriate drought condition.Use soil
Influence of the modifying agent to cotton seed cotton yield is consistent with the effect tendency to planting percent, under normal trickle irrigation, uses soil conditioner
10.5% and 12.1%, when appropriateness is arid is improved than control respectively within seed cotton yield 2014 and 2015 afterwards, seed cotton yield 2014
Year and 2015 improve 15.3% and 16.2% than control respectively.After soil conditioner, appropriate Osmotic treatment 2014 and
2015 still than normal trickle irrigation volume increase 7.0% and 8.3%.Yield can not only be increased using soil conditioner by, which illustrating, to save
Water is about used, this has very important meaning for freshwater resources northwest arid area relatively in short supply.
2 soil conditioner of table and different irrigation and the influence to cotton planting percent and seed cotton yield
Above each component content ratio, can make the appropriate adjustments, Huo Zheying according to local soil pH value and soil nutrient situation
It supports and is equivalently replaced in element, but any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of soil conditioner suitable for the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand, characterized in that be made of following components in parts by weight:
Nutrient 30-35, turfy soil 30-35, ferrous sulfate 15-18.5, ardealite 15-18.5, polyacrylamide 3-5 and drought resisting
Salt tolerant agent 1-1.5；The nutrient are as follows: count in mass ratio, sulfur-coated urea: Diammonium phosphate (DAP): potassium sulfate=3:1.8-2.2:
1.8-2.2；The drought resistance and salt tolerance agent are as follows: count in mass ratio, 2- (acetoxyl group) benzoic acid: sodium nitroprussiate=1:48-52.
2. a kind of soil conditioner suitable for the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand as described in claim 1, characterized in that the battalion
Support element are as follows: count in mass ratio, sulfur-coated urea: Diammonium phosphate (DAP): potassium sulfate=3:2:2.
3. a kind of soil conditioner suitable for the saline and alkaline Fed Cotton Field of sand as described in claim 1, characterized in that described anti-
Non-irrigated salt tolerant agent are as follows: count in mass ratio, 2- (acetoxyl group) benzoic acid: sodium nitroprussiate=1:50.
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Families Citing this family (4)
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| CN106085452A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 东营市农业科学研究院 | Alkali ground Cotton Gossypii open field live broadcast medicament and application process thereof |
| CN106613826A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-05-10 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Low-potassium-tolerant cotton seedling nutrient solution and application thereof |
| CN107311755B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2020-06-30 | 山东农业大学 | Special long-acting fertilizer for improving salt tolerance of saline-alkali soil crops and preparation method thereof |
| CN113773852A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-10 | 云南省化工研究院有限公司 | Plant stress-resistant phosphogypsum saline-alkali soil conditioner and application thereof |
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