CN102239758B - Biodegradation type method for remedying saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Biodegradation type method for remedying saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102239758B CN102239758B CN201010170806.7A CN201010170806A CN102239758B CN 102239758 B CN102239758 B CN 102239758B CN 201010170806 A CN201010170806 A CN 201010170806A CN 102239758 B CN102239758 B CN 102239758B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technology of preventing soil salinization, in particular to a method for improving soil salinization. The biodegradation type method for improving saline-alkali soil comprises the steps of: firstly, preparing nutrient-supplying agent mother liquor for conditioning soil: mixing according to the mixture ratio of 50-70 percent of high polymer product PGA (poly-gamma-glutamic acid) subjected to microbial metabolism, 25-35 percent of carbamide and 5-15 percent of root-inducing agent, and dissolving the mixture in water to make the mother liquor according to the proportion of 1:15; secondly, diluting the mother liquor obtained in the first step by 300-500 folds, irrigating the mother liquor on the surface of soil before planting, or adding the diluted mother liquor in water used for watering seedlings during the waking period after plant seedlings are transplanted; and thirdly, irrigating the diluted mother liquor again in a week. According to the method provided by the invention, no adverse effect can be caused on the soil, and the method is adaptable to different areas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil salinization Prevention Technique, special, the present invention relates to a kind of soil salinization improvement method.
Background technology
Salinization soil is important land resources, be distributed widely at present 100Duo Ge countries and regions, the whole world, area reaches more than 1,000,000,000 hectares, 30% left and right of the land gross area, be distributed in arid area, different continents. and the saline soil ratio of China is apparently higher than world average level, approximately having 0.17 hundred million hectare of salinization soil, there is salination problem in nearly 1/3 Irrigated Area Soils.
Saline soil (saline-alkali soil) refers to the chloride that contains potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium in soil, sulphate, heavy carbonate etc.; There is boron salt Qinghai-Tibet Platean in addition, and Turpan Basin has Nitrates; Though or soil salt content is few, soil exchangeable sodium accounts for cation exchange capacity and has reached certain ratio.In the time that upper soll layer salt content exceedes 0.6%～2.0%, belong to solonchak, under muriatic saliferous, be limited to 0.6%, the salification of sulphate is limited to 2.0%, under the salification of chloride one sulphate and sulphate monochloride soil, is limited to 1.0%.Top layer salt content does not generally surpass 0.5%, contains a certain amount of soda in the soil solution, and the exchangeable sodium of soil colloid accounts for exchangeable cation total amount more than 20%, general pH be 9 or higher soil be called alkaline earth.But along with the large-area reclamation of wasteland in soil, the reason such as irrigation practice is unreasonable, makes large-area soil generation secondary salinization.More than 333.3 ten thousand hectares of saline-alkali soil of China are extensively distributed in the vast hinterland of North of Yangtze River, and Liaodong Peninsula, Bohai Sea Gulf and Jiangsu province slender tapes, and the provinces such as Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong are coastal, the bank on Taiwan Province and the South China Sea Islands also has fragmentary distribution.In land resources day by day deficient today, salinization land is still subject to national governments and scientist's attention as potential land resources, and positive carried out many for soil salination send out the correlative studys such as process, mechanism control and rationally utilizations, being desirably in salinization land improvement and rational exploitation and utilization aspect can have further raising.The reclamation of salinep-alkali soil is a complexity and large order, even in today of scientific and technological high development, people still explore and research constantly carrying out.Conventional improvement method and achievement in research are as follows:
1, physically improved method: utilize irrigation and drainage measure improvement saline land, as: water conservancy measures such as " irrigation and drainage by well, take out and saltyly change lightly, and forced-ventilated is filled with by force ", can be good at controlling and improving soil salinization degree; The measures such as soil moved in to improve the original improvement, Subsoiling, stalk covering, rice field-upland field rotation, upper farming lower fishing can alleviate soil salt damage to some extent.But this is subject to water resource to enrich the very big restriction of degree in some areas, and being difficult to catch up with the speed short time difficulty of modernization development, great river construction and longer cycle see economic benefit.
2, chemical measure: chemical improvement agent has two aspect effects, the one, improve soil structure and accelerate desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching row alkali process; The 2nd, change soluble-salt based component, increase base exchange capacity, regulate soil acidity or alkalinity.If the nonmetallic minerals such as bentonite, gypsum, diatomite are suitable effective modifying agents.But new chemical substance is introduced in chemical measure meeting in soil, as sulphur, aluminium etc., the accumulation meeting of these materials is to making the adverse effect that deposits yields is new.
3, biological control measure: plantation salt-tolerant plant improvement saline land is in every technical measures in improvement saline land, and biological control measure is generally considered the most effectively improved route.Technique for gene engineering improves plant salt endurance and is subject in recent years paying close attention to more and more widely.But such measures is only applicable to the area that coastal region etc. relatively enriches by water resource, helpless for facility plastic greenhouse.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to address the aforementioned drawbacks, and a kind of salt affected soil Biodegradable improvement method is provided.The present invention can not produce the harmful effect to soil, adapts to various area.
The present invention is achieved in that
A Biodegradable improvement method for salt affected soil, it comprises:
Step 1, preparation soil conditioning provisions agent mother liquor: according to the height after microbial metabolism poly-product P GA50-70%, urea 25-35%, the proportioning of rooting promoter 5-15% is mixed, and the mixture after mixing forms described mother liquor with the ratio of 1: 15 with the aqueous solution;
Step 2, the mother liquor that step 1 is obtained dilution 300-500 doubly, waters in soil surface before planting plants, or adds diluted mother liquor at awake Miao Shuili after transplanting plantling;
Step 3, one week, interval, again once described diluted mother liquor of pouring.
The Biodegradable improvement method of described a kind of salt affected soil, in described step 1, also comprises that the pH value of utilizing rare nitric acid or silicic acid adjusting to prepare the mother liquor obtaining is 4.5-6.5.
The Biodegradable improvement method of described a kind of salt affected soil, in described step 2, diluted mother liquor 150-200ml is watered in every cave.
The Biodegradable improvement method of described a kind of salt affected soil, if soil salt content higher than 0.6%, repeating step three 1-2 time.
The present invention can significantly be controlled at the injury of the soil secondary salinization such as facility plastic greenhouse to crop seedling, improve survival rate, grow up when thering is certain salinity and alkalinity resistance crop, modifying agent of the present invention just can be gradually by the little molecules such as amino acid that edaphon is degraded into, can in and the basicity of salt affected soil, reduce the pH value of soil; Utilize amino acid to strengthen edaphon metabolic activity and reach the effect that improves salt affected soil, can effectively improve soil particle state, make the harden granular structure of soil of booth that significant change occur, oxygen permeability and the water penetration of soil are increased, simultaneously, this modifying agent has extremely strong water imbibition, improves soil water-retaining performance.Have the effect of slow release fertilizer, continuous and effective, for crop provides nutrition, promotes plant growth, makes the fructescence of crop in advance, increases output and economic benefit.The present invention is rapid-action, and cost is low, nontoxic, to person poultry safety, harmless, free from environmental pollution to crop, soil, is conducive to ecological improvement.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated:
Fig. 1 is field trial of the present invention community distribution map.
Embodiment
The laboratory seed germination experiment of modifying agent of the present invention
Experiment is processed:
Process one (T1CK): contrast
Process two (T2): PGA:40ppm
Process three (T3): PGA:400ppm
Process four (T4): PGA:50-70%, urea: 25-35%
Process five (T5): PGA:50-70%, rooting promoter: 5-15%
Process six (T6): PGA:50-70%, urea: 25-35%, rooting promoter: 5-15%
Concrete operations
Gather facility plastic greenhouse topsoil and belong to strongly salined soil (salt content 0.61%), soil is crossed to the sieve of 2mm, divide and install to (80g in each ware) in culture dish, watermelon seed is implanted to pouring modifying agent (each ware 20ml).If three repetitions, put in constant incubator, cultivate 7 days the interval of modifying agent (wherein water at twice three days), observe germination every day, and keep a record in table 1,
Experimental result:
Table 1: the outcome record of watermelon seedling germination rate (%) test
We select in salinization of soil grading the total salt of soil soluble is 0.6% (to only have and can obtain harvest to salt tolerant crop, because of harmful to seed sprouting, and occur being short of seedling) soil, in laboratory, under the condition of strict temperature and humidity control, carry out percentage of seedgermination test, result of the test shows: the percentage of seedgermination (85%, the specified germination rate of commercial seed) through modifying agent processing is significantly higher than control treatment (58.33%) (p≤0.05).
Modifying agent effect field trial of the present invention
Experiment is processed
Process one (T1CK): contrast
Process two (T2): PGA:40ppm
Process three (T3): PGA:400ppm
Process four (T4): PGA:50-70%, fertilizer: 25-35%
Process five (T5): PGA:50-70%, growth regulator: 5-15%
Process six (T6): PGA:50-70%, fertilizer: 25-35%, growth regulator: 5-15%
Operation scheme
1. modifying agent mother liquor preparation: adopt rare nitric acid or phosphorus acid for adjusting pH value to 4.5-6.5.
2. spraying time and number of times: 20 of plants are chosen in each processing of every kind of crop, at crop field planting or Seedling Stage, modifying agent mother liquor is diluted to 500 times to water, directly water in crop root soil, every plant 200ml, waters twice altogether, in final singling pouring in a week once, within interval 7-10 days, water again once, take soil specimen to analyze mensuration.
Analysis project
1. soil soluble salt is measured: soluble total salt, pH, CO32-, Cl-, SO42-, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+
2. nutrient is measured: organic matter, full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium, available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium
3. soil physical property: the bulk density of soil, soil aggregate, water content
4. edaphon is measured: bacterium, fungi, actinomycetes, CELLULOLYTIC BACTERIUM, ammonification bacteria, nitrifying bacteria
Experimental result
Using the impact of soil property in Table 2-table 5 of modifying agent
Table 2: modifying agent is processed the comparison of rear soil base cations content
Table 3: modifying agent is processed the comparison of rear soil nutrient content
Table 4: modifying agent is processed the comparison of soil microbe quantity in rear soil
Table 5: modifying agent is processed the comparison of rear soil physical property
As show as shown in 2-table 5, use after the saline and alkaline improvement nutritional agents processing of biotype soluble total salt in soil, carbonate, chlorion, sulfate radical, calcium ion, magnesium ion, pH, all contrast (CK) processing with the content of exchangeable sodium and decrease, and the rare increase of cation exchange capacity, the whole structure that in general T6 processes is better.Nutrient content and soil microbe quantity are all increase trend compared with the control.Modifying agent is processed the comparison of rear soil physical property, and wherein unit weight and change of moisture content are little, but unit weight is on a declining curve, and water content is increase trend, and soil aggregate ratio is apparently higher than control treatment.In sum, use the soil of saline soil processing and realized reduction soil alkaline, increase soil nutrient content and soil microbe quantity, improve the effect of soil physics structure.
To the investigation of watermelon proterties
The investigation of the modifying agent effect test to various crop such as the watermelon of planting in field, on heavy salinized soil, pumpkin, corn, tomato, eggplant, green soy beans is found.Water this modifying agent two to three times poor seedling stage at salt tolerance of crops respectively, just can ensure that 90% crop avoids salt damage harm, or alleviate the extent of injury normal growth.The crop of using after this modifying agent, whole vegetative period reduce by three to four foliage fertilizers still can normal growth use in the situation that, and shift to an earlier date 7-10 than the control treatment of not using modifying agent and enter fruiting period.
Saline soil is processed the impact on watermelon root system, and watermelon root system after treatment is obviously long than undressed contrast root system, tillers many.Illustrate, modifying agent contributes to the development growth of crop root.
As shown in table 6 again, modifying agent is processed the investigation of rear watermelon growing situation, finds that the climing long shoot of watermelon slightly waits all good compared with control treatment.
Table 6: modifying agent is processed rear watermelon growing status investigation result
Economic and Efficiency Analysis
This modifying agent belongs to natural synthetic extract, its synthetic lower cost, and three to four foliage fertilizer escapable costs for Shaoshi in process of crop growth, and final fruit listing can be done sth. in advance one week.Therefore, booth facilities vegetable is used this product, except improving product quality, also can increase economic efficiency greatly.
The demonstration test of modifying agent on facility plastic greenhouse pumpkin
Table 7: different modifying agents are processed pumpkin tree characteristics in seedling stage is investigated
| Experiment is processed | Plant height (cm) | Stem thick (cm) | The number of blade/sheet | Joint Turns Per Knot | Area cm 2 |
| CK | 12.00 | 0.64 | 9 | 9 | 139.43 |
| 45-60ppm | 18.53 | 0.68 | 8 | 8 | 190.17 |
| 85-110ppm | 17.28 | 0.74 | 9 | 9 | 164.87 |
table 8: different modifying agents are processed the impact on pumpkin output
| Experiment is processed | Strain number/mu | Quantity (only)/mu | Single fruit weight (kg) | Weight/mu |
| CK | 1200 | 3675 | 0.246 | 904 |
| 45-60ppm | 1200 | 3439 | 0.278 | 956 |
| 85-110ppm | 1200 | 3411 | 0.275 | 938 |
Due to No. six formula treatment effect optimums, therefore, No. six modifying agents have been carried out to generalization demonstration test on pumpkin, the processing of three concentration is set, control treatment, low concentration (45-60ppm) is processed, and high concentration (85-110ppm) is processed, after field operation as above, upgrowth situation and the pumpkin output in pumpkin seedling stage are investigated.It is as shown in the table, and after modifying agent is processed, the growth of cereal crop seedlings situation such as plant height is all better than the contrast of unmodified agent processing, and the modifying agent processing of the modifying agent treatment effect higher concentration of low concentration.Equally, the impact investigation for the processing of three concentration on pumpkin output, finds, will be higher than control treatment through the pumpkin output of modifying agent processing, and the modifying agent of low concentration is processed the modifying agent processor of output higher than high concentration.
The demonstration test of modifying agent on facility plastic greenhouse corn
Table 9: different modifying agents are processed the impact on Maize at Seedling Stage tree characteristics
| Experiment is processed | Plant height (cm) | Stem thick (cm) | The number of blade/sheet | Joint Turns Per Knot | Area cm 2 |
| CK | 54.00 | 5.24 | 9 | 9 | 514.81 |
| 40-60ppm | 60.53 | 5.67 | 9 | 8 | 535.54 |
| 90-120ppm | 57.28 | 5.45 | 9 | 9 | 499.23 |
Table 10: different modifying agents are processed the impact on corn yield
Same pumpkin, we have carried out the test of modifying agent by corn on facility plastic greenhouse saline land, after modifying agent is processed as shown in Tables 9 and 10, the growing way of Maize at Seedling Stage is more vigorous than untreated, the same period plant height, stem is thick and leaf area is all high, or the processing of low concentration is than the successful of high concentration.For the test of yield index, the phase modifying agent of finding to weave silk is processed more untreated shifting to an earlier date, and spike length and fringe are slightly better than untreated, final output higher than untreated person.
Claims (3)
1. a Biodegradable improvement method for salt affected soil, is characterized in that, it comprises:
Step 1, preparation soil conditioning provisions agent mother liquor: according to the height after microbial metabolism poly-product P GA50-70%, urea 25-35%, the proportioning of rooting promoter 5-15% is mixed, mixture after mixed forms described mother liquor with the ratio of 1: 15 with the aqueous solution, and the pH value of utilizing rare nitric acid or silicic acid adjusting to prepare the mother liquor obtaining is 4.5-6.5;
Step 2, the mother liquor that step 1 is obtained dilution 300-500 doubly, waters in soil surface before planting plants, or adds diluted mother liquor at awake Miao Shuili after transplanting plantling;
Step 3, one week, interval, again once described diluted mother liquor of pouring.
2. the Biodegradable improvement method of a kind of salt affected soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 2, diluted mother liquor 150-200ml is watered in every cave.
3. the Biodegradable improvement method of a kind of salt affected soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, if soil salt content higher than 0.6%, repeating step three 1-2 time.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103922846B (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2017-02-08 | 赵光 | Saline-alkali soil improvement method |
| CN109337694B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2021-02-23 | 四川大学 | In-situ long-acting repair material for vanadium-contaminated soil |
| CN114907169A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-16 | 南京林业大学 | Method for relieving plant salt stress by changing soil rhizosphere microenvironment |
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| CN101134898A (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-05 | 吉林金源北方科技发展有限公司 | Degradable alkaline land modifying agent and method for making same |
| CN101235292A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2008-08-06 | 师进 | High activity biological water-retention saline alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN101298563A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-05 | 天津市瑞丰原生物修复技术有限公司 | Soil organism modifying agent for heavy soda alkaline land afforestation and plating method |
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- 2010-05-11 CN CN201010170806.7A patent/CN102239758B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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| US3534080A (en) * | 1968-06-13 | 1970-10-13 | Grace W R & Co | Process for preparing methyleneiminodiacetonitrile substituted phenols |
| CN101134898A (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-05 | 吉林金源北方科技发展有限公司 | Degradable alkaline land modifying agent and method for making same |
| CN101235292A (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2008-08-06 | 师进 | High activity biological water-retention saline alkali soil modifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN101298563A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-11-05 | 天津市瑞丰原生物修复技术有限公司 | Soil organism modifying agent for heavy soda alkaline land afforestation and plating method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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