A kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner and the preparation method and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural environment child care and recovery technique field, and in particular to a kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner.
Background technology
The salinization of soil and Secondary Saline problem are worldwide widely present, and having become world's Irrigation farming can hold
The resource constraints of supervention exhibition.About 23,400,000 hm of China's saline alkali land area2, northwest, North China, West of The Northeast China and coastal region are equal
It is distributed, and type is various.Improvement, develop and utilize saline alkali land resource, can alleviate due to population be continuously increased cause population with
Contradiction between soil, to keeping agricultural sustainable development, improving the ecological environment, thrust zone economy, society and ecological sustainability
Development is of great significance.
Currently, alkaline land improving is still a complicated engineering, there are many domestic and international Saline-alkali Field Control technical research, inland salt
Gutter salt discharge is taken in alkali area, causes to pollute downstream water source, causes downstream soil secondary salinization;In biological modification measure,
Only focus on large area kind grass, still lacks the functions such as forest ecology protection.And these methods are not that investment is excessive, are exactly slowly effect.
It is a kind of not only economic but also convenient method using soil conditioner, it can improve soil physical and chemical property, enhancing soil soil conservation is protected
Outlet capacity, enhancing Trace Elements in Soil validity;Soil Microorganism and enzymatic activity can also be improved simultaneously, inhibit the micro- life of pathogeny
Object, enhancing plant resistance to environment stress etc..But in various soil conditioners, the high cost of artificial synthesized high-molecular compound and its
Existing latency environment pollution risk and limit its extensive use;Single soil conditioner there are improved effect it is not comprehensive or
There is the deficiencies of different degrees of negative effect place.
Invention content
A kind of simple, at low cost, quick the object of the present invention is to provide formula and comprehensive improvement alkaline land soil performance
Modifying agent.The modifying agent is mixed by three kinds of desulfurated plaster, humic acid and citric acid ingredients with special ratios.
Saline-alkali land soil conditioner of the present invention is suitable for saline-alkali soil, and the parameter of the alkaline land soil is preferred
For:PH value 10~12,2000~3000us/cm of conductivity;Further preferably pH value 10.5~11.5, conductivity 2300~
2700us/cm。
Specifically, saline-alkali land soil conditioner provided by the invention by following mass percentage at being grouped as:It is de-
Sulphur gypsum 45~65%, humic acid 25~35%, citric acid 5~30%.
The modifying agent is preferably by following mass percentage at being grouped as:Desulfurated plaster 49~56%, humic acid 28
~32%, citric acid 12~23%.
The modifying agent is further preferably by following mass percentage at being grouped as:Desulfurated plaster 51~54%, it is rotten
Grow acid 29~31%, citric acid 15~20%.
The present invention had found by a large amount of practical experiences, by by desulfurated plaster, humic acid and citric acid three with specific
Ratio is used cooperatively, and may be implemented to act synergistically, and the comprehensive performance of alkaline land soil is made to significantly improve, and is particularly advantageous for agriculture on soil
The plantation of crop.
Desulfurated plaster of the present invention selects the work that coal-fired or oilmill obtains in administering flue gas after contained sulfur dioxide
Industry byproduct.In the preferably described desulfurated plaster of the present invention, calcium sulphate dihydrate CaSO4·2H2Content >=85% and H of O2The content of O
≤ 12%.
Humic acid original powder can be selected in the humic acid.It is preferred that purity >=60% and the content of organic matter of the humic acid >=
70%.
Technical grade anhydrous citric acid can be selected in the citric acid.It is preferred that purity >=80% of the citric acid.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of the saline-alkali land soil conditioner;Specially:Take desulfurated plaster, humic acid
And citric acid, 80~120 mesh sieve is crossed respectively, is uniformly mixed, you can.
The present invention further protects the application of the saline-alkali land soil conditioner.
The application process is specially:The modifying agent is added in alkaline land soil.The ginseng of the alkaline land soil
Number is preferably:PH value 10~12,2000~3000us/cm of conductivity;Further preferably pH value 10.5~11.5, conductivity
2300~2700us/cm.
In practical application, 1000~1100kg modifying agents are preferably added in alkaline land soil per acre.
The alkaline land soil for adding the modifying agent can be used for Planting Crops.The present invention by largely putting into practice discovery,
The planting vegetable in the alkaline land soil for being added to the modifying agent can significantly improve the germination percentage, germinating energy, germination of vegetables
The parameters such as index, vitality index, to realize successful plantation of the vegetables in alkaline land soil.Vegetables of the present invention are preferably
Brassicaceous vegetable, such as Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa pekinensis), pakchoi (Brassica campestris
L.ssp.chinensis Makino), green vegetables (Brassica chinensis var chinensis), rape (Brassica
Campestris L.), cabbage mustard (Brassica alboglabra L.H.Bailey) etc..
Saline-alkali land soil conditioner provided by the invention presses specific ratio by three kinds of desulfurated plaster, humic acid, citric acid raw materials
Example is made, and following excellent effect may be implemented:The saline-alkali land soil conditioner can increase soil calcium ion content, displacement soil
The sodium ion and magnesium ion adsorbed on earth colloid, makes sodium hydrophilic colloid become calcareous hydrophobic colloid, so as to improve soil texture
And permeability, play the role of desalination and inhibits the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, meanwhile, calcium can enhance the drought resisting of crop as a kind of nutrient
Ability;Contain a large amount of organic matters in the saline-alkali land soil conditioner, the physicochemical property and physical mechanical property of soil can be improved,
Promote soil aggregate structure to be formed, improves Soil ventilation performance, be conducive to the elution of salinity, meanwhile, organic matter has stronger
Absorption property and higher cationic replacement ability, to Na+、Cl-There is very strong suction-operated, and organic matter is plant nutrient weight
The source wanted, organic matter decomposition can provide comprehensive nutrient for plant growth, to enhance the ability that crop survives in adverse circumstance;
Salt-soda soil pH value can be directly reduced containing acidic materials in the saline-alkali land soil conditioner, so that it is more suitable for the growth of crop needs
It asks.By changing, soil pH, the increase soil organism, ion exchange etc. are various to be changed saline-alkali land soil conditioner provided by the invention
Good opportunity is managed, and has quick and continual and steady notable improved effect, and raw material sources are extensive, of low cost, environmental-friendly, without two
Secondary pollution is easy to be widely applied.
Specific implementation mode
The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
In following embodiment, desulfurated plaster is the by-product during Changsha power plant improvement sulfur dioxide in flue gas
Object meets CaSO4·2H2Mass percentage content >=85% and H of O2The condition of O≤12%;
Humic acid is humic acid original powder, is provided by company of Pingxiang Jiangxi;Meet content of humic acid >=60%, organic matter contains
The condition of amount >=70%;
Citric acid is provided by Shandong Linyi company, is technical grade anhydrous citric acid, active constituent content >=80%.
Examples 1 to 10
The saline-alkali land soil conditioner formula that Examples 1 to 10 provides is as shown in table 1.
Desulfurated plaster, humic acid and citric acid are taken according to formula described in table 1, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve respectively, is uniformly mixed, i.e.,
Obtain saline-alkali land soil conditioner.
Table 1:Composition (the unit of saline-alkali land soil conditioner:g)
|
Desulfurated plaster |
Humic acid |
Citric acid |
Embodiment 1 |
52.5 |
30 |
17.5 |
Embodiment 2 |
45 |
25 |
30 |
Embodiment 3 |
46.5 |
26 |
27.5 |
Embodiment 4 |
48 |
27 |
25 |
Embodiment 5 |
49.5 |
28 |
22.5 |
Embodiment 6 |
51 |
29 |
20 |
Embodiment 7 |
54 |
31 |
15 |
Embodiment 8 |
55.5 |
32 |
12.5 |
Embodiment 9 |
57 |
33 |
10 |
Embodiment 10 |
58.5 |
34 |
7.5 |
Desulfurated plaster, humic acid and citric acid are taken according to formula described in table 1, is sieved with 100 mesh sieve respectively, is uniformly mixed, i.e.,
Obtain saline-alkali land soil conditioner.
Table 2:Composition (the unit of saline-alkali land soil conditioner:g)
|
Desulfurated plaster |
Humic acid |
Citric acid |
Comparative example 1 |
52.5 |
47.5 |
0 |
Comparative example 2 |
52.5 |
0 |
47.5 |
Embodiment 11
The modifying agent that Examples 1 to 10 and comparative example 1,2 provide is added to alkaline land soil with the dosage of 1050kg
In, the pH value of the alkaline land soil is 10.9, conductivity 2430us/cm;It is planted on the soil for being added to the modifying agent
Pakchoi is planted, while not adding in normal soil and the grown on soil pakchoi of any modifying agent, as a contrast.
Daily timing statistics chitting piece number, germination in the 10th day terminate, and measure seedling fresh weight at the end of germinateing.
The germination of parallel comparison pH value and conductivity and pakchoi seed of soil itself after the processing of different modifying agents
Rate, germinating energy, germination index and vitality index;The results are shown in Table 3.
The judgment method of the germination percentage is:Subnumber × 100% is planted experimentally in chitting piece number/confession in germination percentage=10d;
The judgment method of the germinating energy is:Subnumber × 100% is planted experimentally in germination number/confession in germinating energy=5d;
The computational methods of the germination index are:(Gt is the germination in the t days seeds to germination index=∑ Gt/Dt in formula
Number, Dt are corresponding germination number of days);
The computational methods of the vitality index are:Vitality index=germination index/M (M is the mean fresh of seedling).
Table 3:Alkaline land soil improved effect
Processing |
pH |
Conductivity |
Germination percentage |
Germinating energy |
Germination index |
Vitality index |
Normal soil |
6.5 |
965 |
93.3 |
90 |
63.4 |
3.5 |
Salt affected soil |
10.9 |
2430 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 1 |
7.8 |
1580 |
62.5 |
62.5 |
26.2 |
1 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 2 |
8.2 |
1742 |
55.5 |
56.8 |
22.4 |
0.8 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 3 |
8.3 |
1784 |
54.3 |
53.8 |
23.8 |
0.8 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 4 |
8.2 |
1688 |
55.3 |
54.1 |
21.9 |
0.7 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 5 |
8.0 |
1645 |
59.6 |
58.6 |
25.4 |
0.8 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 6 |
7.4 |
1350 |
61.4 |
64.5 |
29.1 |
1 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 7 |
7.6 |
1445 |
65.9 |
60.2 |
28.4 |
0.9 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 8 |
7.9 |
1596 |
60.6 |
59.2 |
25.9 |
0.8 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 9 |
8.4 |
1868 |
53.5 |
51.4 |
21.0 |
0.7 |
Salt affected soil+embodiment 10 |
8.3 |
1668 |
54.9 |
53.4 |
25.2 |
0.8 |
Salt affected soil+comparative example 1 |
9.3 |
2310 |
10.0 |
0 |
5.0 |
0.3 |
Salt affected soil+comparative example 2 |
6.9 |
2235 |
10.0 |
10.0 |
5.9 |
0.4 |
As the results shown in Table 3, saline-alkali land soil conditioner provided by the invention can reduce the pH value of soil and lead
Electric rate, while improving vegetables germination percentage, germinating energy, germination index and the vitality index planted on it.
Although above having used general explanation, specific implementation mode and experiment, the present invention is made to retouch in detail
It states, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Range.