CN106916007A - A kind of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106916007A CN106916007A CN201510997152.8A CN201510997152A CN106916007A CN 106916007 A CN106916007 A CN 106916007A CN 201510997152 A CN201510997152 A CN 201510997152A CN 106916007 A CN106916007 A CN 106916007A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field of charcoal fertilizer, it is that one kind can reduce nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer loss, nitrogen, P use efficiency are improved, extended the fertilizer effectiveness phase, met the full stage nitrogenous fertilizer needs of corn growing season and with drought-relief, lifting soil pH, the function of improveing acid soil, it is specifically a kind of to be related to the preparation method of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer.It is characterized in that the composite fertilizer is by cornstalk biological charcoal：Chemical fertilizer：Medical stone：By weight (butt) is constituted, composite fertilizer's element ratio meets corn growth demand to binding agent, can extend fertilizer efficiency, conditioning plant growth, improve crop yield and quality.Charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer simple production process of the present invention is easy, high, low cost of investing small, instant effect, farm output, applied as base fertilizer suitable for corn, can be widely used in all kinds of non-alkaline soil, especially in acid soil, with wide market prospects and good social benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, more particularly to a kind of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The nitrogenous fertilizer of conventional chemical fertilizers is not high always due to the influence of the factors such as volatilization, leaching loss and soil fixing, utilization rate, and nitrogenous fertilizer this season utilization rate only has 30%~40%, and phosphate fertilizer this season utilization rate only has 10%~20% or so；Micro- utilization rate is lower, and applies this season and be difficult to play one's part to the full.Utilization rate of fertilizer is not high, not only influences increasing crop yield to increase matter, reduces economic benefit, it is also possible to cause a series of ecological environment problem.By Industrial routes, the charcoal composite fertilizer that one high usage of production, environmental safety high are characterized, for promoting the development of China's fertilizer industry and pollution-less agriculture significant.
Rural area stalk resource enriches, and processing mode differs.Biomass direct returning to farmland has the shortcomings that decay process with crop competition for nutrients and easily brings pathogen, weed seed into；And crop straw burning causes the Varied problems such as the serious, wasting of resources of atmosphere pollution, and a biomass carbonated effective way for being to solve problems.
Charcoal is by biomass under anaerobic or limited oxygen condition, by a class infusibility, stabilization, height aromatization, the solid matter rich in carbon that slow high temperature pyrolysis are produced.Charcoal has the features such as stability is high, cation exchange capacity (CEC) is big, pore structure is flourishing, specific surface area is big, is the composite construction that inorganic matter, indefinite form organic matter and crystalline state aromatic carbon organic matter coexist.Biomass carbon surface has many pore characteristics and determines that it has good ion exchangeable, complexing higher and adsorption capacity, determine that it has good slow releasing function to fertilizer, it is effectively reduced nitrogen, phosphatic manure volatilization and leaching loss loss, increase fertilizer nutrient to be retained in soil the phase, reduce the unknown losses such as leaching loss.Charcoal Color Color is deeper, and being mixed into soil has good extinction to heat effect, is conducive to improving ground temperature in the Spring Festival, beneficial to seedling absorbed nitrogen phosphorus nutrient, and then improves utilization rate of fertilizer.Charcoal is generally alkalescence, can slow down the adjoint soil acidification process of chemical fertilizer application, so as to further improve soil quality.Charcoal porous character makes it to increase soil porosity after being mixed into soil, improves Water holding capacity of surface, improves soil permeability.Charcoal carbon content is high, and being manured into soil can significantly improve soil organic carbon, improves soil texture, can converge agent long duration of action in soil as carbon, reduces farmland greenhouse gas discharge；Meanwhile, the charcoal (being less than 400 DEG C) of low temperature preparation, containing elements such as a certain amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, silicon, can effectively improve soil fertility (soil CEC, available potassium, rapid available phosphorus, mineral nitrogen content etc.).At present, charcoal converges agent at home and abroad as study hotspot as soil conditioner and carbon.A large amount can cause a season using charcoal or many season plant growths are suppressed and the underproduction in soil, and mixing administration with chemical fertilizer, amount of application is low, without plant growth suppression, and the utilization rate of various fertilizer nutrients can be significantly improved, it is adapted in the Field of Planting application having a large capacity and a wide range.Charcoal can be preserved for a long time at normal temperatures, can carry out mixing granulation drying and unaffected with other organic and inorganic fertilizers.The characteristics of charcoal, becomes a kind of good fertilizer synergistic agent, and can extend time for fertilizer and reach long-acting fertilizer, therefore, charcoal be combined into fertilizer be charcoal agricultural application inexorable trend.
Medical stone contains 18 kinds of trace elements such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus macroelement and zinc, iron, selenium, copper, strontium, iodine, fluorine, metasilicic acid, in aqueous can also dissolution several amino acids, abundant mineral matter and inorganic salts can be provided for crop, play the role of to promote crop growth, increase yield and crop quality can be improved.Medical stone also possesses porous, can dissolution mineral matter, with stronger physics, chemisorption and good ion exchange, soil physical properties can be lifted, reduce absorption of the crop to residues of banned pesticides.
However, comprehensive utilization charcoal and medical stone improve fertilizer nutrient utilization research there is not been reported.The object of the invention is it is intended that on the basis of corn offer adequate nutrients, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, increase time for fertilizer, so as to reduce dose, countryside tax system cost is reduced, improves soil property, increase soil carbon sink, while rationally using biomass castoff, the long-acting ecological composite fertilizer of production environment friendly.
The content of the invention
For the low problem of existing chemical fertilizer plant recovery of nutrient, with reference to the characteristics of corn nourishment demand, a kind of with low cost, improved effect of present invention offer is good, economic and environment-friendly, improve soil water retention and gas permeability, alleviation soil acidification, improved soil property, extension time for fertilizer can improve charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer of quality of agricultural product and preparation method thereof again.
Charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer of the present invention is made up of charcoal, chemical fertilizer, medical stone and bentonite or is made up of charcoal, chemical fertilizer and bentonite, and example meter charcoal, chemical fertilizer, medical stone and bentonite content are respectively 5~23.7% by weight percentage：71.3-82%：0~6%：5~8%.
The chemical fertilizer is made up of urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride；Example meter by weight percentage, the specific composition of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer is：Urea 35.0~40.2% (nitrogenous 46%), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 19.6~21.8% (nitrogenous 18%, it is phosphorous 46%), potassium chloride 16.7~20.0% (contain potassium oxide 60%), charcoal 5%~23.7%, medical stone powder 0~6%, bentonite 5~8%.
Charcoal is ground into charcoal powder, chemical fertilizer, medical stone and bentonite pulverize and sieve respectively after in proportion directly mixing, drum granulating, 80-100 DEG C to obtain corn within tumble drying 10-20 minutes special
The charcoal powder is with agriculture waste biomass maize straw as raw material, after crushing limit oxygen or anoxia condition under by 350 DEG C to 400 DEG C temperature thermal crackings, charing 90 minutes produce height aromatization, slightly solubility solid matter, dried 30 minutes by air-drying (air-dried using solar energy, wind energy etc.) 24-48 hours or drying (80 DEG C≤T≤120 DEG C of temperature), obtain charcoal powder.It can be to dry replacement to air-dry.Dry is drying, 80 DEG C≤T≤120 DEG C of drying temperature.
Water content≤20% of the charcoal powder.
The bentonite is size-reduced to be screened to particle diameter≤40 mesh.
Medical stone particle diameter≤40 mesh.
N-p-k three elements ratio in the charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer for obtaining is 20~22%：9~10%：10~12%.
The charcoal is, with agriculture waste biomass maize straw as raw material, 400 DEG C of temperature thermal crackings, the class height aromatization that charing is produced, the solid matter of slightly solubility to be passed below under limit oxygen or anoxia condition.Selected maize straw abundance, it is cheap, and low temperature preparation maize straw carbide except containing in addition to available potassium (5~15%), also containing available nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium, sulphur, physicochemical character stabilization.Charcoal has abundant microcellular structure, can chesson, increase organic matter and nutritive element content, but the nutritive element content such as its nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium is relatively low, and cooperation chemical fertilizer is also needed in administration to strengthen fertilizer efficiency to meet plant growth.Many pore characteristics of biomass carbon make its existing extremely strong adsorption capacity, there is good extinction to heat effect again, and it has good slow releasing function, it is effectively reduced the waste of fertilizer leaching loss, can preserve for a long time at normal temperatures, with other organic and inorganic fertilizers can carry out mixing granulation drying and unaffected, and fertilizer synergistic effect is obvious.Charcoal will can easily decompose the fixed carbon that organic carbon is converted into stabilization, reduce the discharge of carbon dioxide in air, be conducive to improving Global climate change.
Contain Macro and microelements in the medical stone, containing 18 kinds of trace elements such as the macroelements such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and zinc, iron, selenium, copper, strontium, iodine, fluorine, metasilicic acid, disclosure satisfy that corn growth demand.
The bentonite has excellent suspension, dispersiveness, is usually used in agricultural chemicals as suspending agent and dispersible carrier, with low cost, works well, and toxic and side effect will not be produced to crops.Fertilizer is made granular fertilizer using bentonitic caking property, agricultural fertilizer effect has not only been improved but also can conditioned soil Reel.
Water content≤20% of the charcoal dry substance, drying temperature≤120 DEG C can be dried up or dry.
The charcoal (≤60 mesh), by weight percentage, carbon containing 40%~60% (butt), specific preparation method is：The maize straw being pre-dried (air-dried using solar energy, wind energy etc.) is taken, (smoldering temperature is less than 400 DEG C) is placed in smoldering furnace after crushing, carbonized 2 hours, it is crushed to≤60 mesh, drying requires water content≤20%.
Using mixing granulation technology, the raw material mixes in proportion, and its percentage by weight is：Urea 35.0~40.2% (nitrogenous 46%), Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (nitrogenous 18%, it is phosphorous 46%) 19.6~21.8%, potassium chloride (containing potassium oxide 60%) 16.7~20.0%, charcoal 5%~23.7%, medical stone powder 0~6%, bentonite 5~8%.
Inventive principle
This charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer is manufactured according to corn growing season fertilizer requirement combination China soil fertility feature by prescription after soil measurement formula, and mixed processing is carried out using urea, diamines and potassium chloride and medical stone, charcoal.This charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer develops according to the need fertilizer feature and charcoal, medical stone of corn to the special role of fertilizer.The nutrient uptake feature of corn is big to nitrogen demand, and nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is about 1: 0.48: 0.8.The charcoal (being less than 400 DEG C) of low temperature preparation is containing elements such as a certain amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, silicon.Charcoal and medical stone not only increase plant nutrient, and the special construction of charcoal and medical stone is allowed to have stronger adsorption capacity to fertilizer nutrient, adsorbed nutrient can be made slowly to discharge, its volatilization in soil, dead loss and leaching loss are reduced, increases absorption rate of the crop to nutrient.Charcoal in alkalescence, input for many years using soil acidification can be alleviated in the soil of chemical fertilizer, meanwhile, soil urease liveness can be suppressed and effectively delay hydrolysis of urea into ammonium nitrogen process, reduce ammonia loss by volatilization.Charcoal and medical stone can increase soil organic matter content, and improved soil physical behavior improves soil microbial activities, accelerates soil material and energy circulation, improves soil productivity.
Compared with other Common compound fertilizers, main advantages of the present invention are：
1. completely, utilization rate is high, and fertilizer efficiency period is long for nutrient.The addition of charcoal and medical stone causes the water-soluble decrease of common fertilizer, volatility reduction；The destruction that reduction nitrogenous fertilizer leaching loss, volatilization are caused to ecological environment.Charcoal wide material sources, nontoxic, humus is converted into soil can play a part of soil conditioner；The present invention can improve nitrogen use efficiency 10%~12%, phosphorus utilization 5%~8%, potassium utilization rate 5% or so, and can significantly improve middle micro- utilization rate.The application of the special fertilizer significantly improves N,P,K fertilizers utilization rate, field, and to apply fertilizer efficiency long, can save fertilizer volume increase and save artificial, can obtain good economy and environmental benefit.
2. the various nutrients needed for meeting and supplying plant growth, coordinate plant growth improves crop yield and quality.Nutrient allocation of the present invention is reasonable, contain the nitrogen needed for plant growth, phosphorus, potassium and various middle trace elements, and contain the physiological activator such as high-quality carbon and various small molecular organic acids and polysaccharide, crop metabolism can be accelerated, coordinate plant growth, extension functional period of leaf, improves corn resistance, improves drought-resistant maize, premature senescence resistance, lodging tolerance.
3. improved soil physical behavior, promotes the formation of healthy geobiont chain, reduces and prevent the derivative of pest and disease damage, is that plant growth sets up excellent ecological organic condition.
Product application method：
1st, every mu of ground 50~55kg of recommended fertilizer of this product, disposably applies during sowing, and the later stage no longer topdresses, if not reaching recommended fertilizer, the later stage should topdress in right amount.
When the 2nd, doing seed manure, administration must be isolated with seed.
Specific embodiment
Below by embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail.
By weight, embodiment 1 (similarly hereinafter)
The maize straw that (i.e.) was pre-dried using solar energy, wind energy etc. is taken, (smoldering temperature is less than 400 DEG C) is placed in smoldering furnace after crushing, carbonized 2 hours, drying requires water content≤20%.To be crushed from the charcoal (carbon containing 50%~60% butt) of stalk and cross 60 mesh sieves, bentonite in powder is broken to≤40 mesh, while granular chemical fertilizer was crushed into 60 mesh sieves.
Finally by 39 parts of urea, 22 parts of phosphoric acid diamines, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 9 parts of charcoals (butt weight), 5 parts of medical stone powders, 5 parts of bentonites, drum granulating equipment mixing granulation is added.Obtain N:P2O5:K2O=21.92:10:12, N+P2O5+K2The granular product of O >=43.2%.
Experiment is set：
If without fertilizer, 3 treatment of special fertilizer and Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, complex fertilizer is the combination of urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride, complex fertilizer N:P2O5:K2O is identical with special fertilizer, and consumption is 50kg/ mus.Often process 6 repetitions.
In May, 2014, by row application and the side on ridge, seeding corn, seed manure was separate in locality typical soil, Liaoning Province (brown earth).Thinning after growing 1 month, the homogeneous plant of reservation upgrowth situation, each treatment uses consistent way to manage, equal nothing to topdress.
Respectively after planting 1 month, 2 months, determine that the number of sheets, leaf area, stem be thick, plant height, chlorophyll content after 3 months, November harvest after determine yield.
The plant number of sheets of the treatment of growth period special fertilizer and Chemical Mixed Fertilizer treatment, leaf area, stem are thick, plant height and chlorophyll content are significantly higher than without fertile group.Corn growth early stage, special fertilizer treatment has difference with Chemical Mixed Fertilizer treatment, but difference is not up to the level of signifiance.Corn growth later stage, the plant number of sheets of special fertilizer treatment is not notable with Chemical Mixed Fertilizer processing difference, and leaf area, stem are thick, plant height is noticeably greater than Chemical Mixed Fertilizer group, and tasseling stage shifts to an earlier date 2~3 days, and chlorophyll content increase, dark green leaf, root system enriches.Yield increases by 3~5% after autumn harvest.
In the presence of charcoal and medical stone, special fertilizer makes the fertilizer providing rate of nitrogenous fertilizer harmonious with the growth regulation of fertilizer requirement of corn, extends the nitrogenous fertilizer term of validity, it is ensured that the nitrogen demand in the gramineous crop such as corn full growth period, single fertilization when realizing sowing, full growth period exempts to topdress.The addition of charcoal and medical stone are brought into this product phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements, the sensitive elements of seeding corn and other crops are made to have obtained abundant supplement, realize not overfertilization before seeding corn and other crops growth, mid-term not excessive growth, later stage does not take off fertilizer, has reached volume increase, has increased income, saves fertilizer, saving of labor, economical purpose.
Embodiment 2
To be crushed from the charcoal (butt) of stalk and cross 60 mesh sieves, bentonite in powder is broken to≤40 mesh, while granular chemical fertilizer was crushed into 60 mesh sieves.
Finally by 38 parts of urea, 20 parts of phosphoric acid diamines, 17 parts of potassium chloride, 9 parts of charcoals (butt weight), 5 parts of medical stone powders, 5 parts of bentonites, drum granulating equipment mixing granulation is added.Obtain N:P2O5:K2O=21.08:9.2:10.2, N+P2O5+K2The granular product of O >=40.48%.
Experiment is set：
If without fertilizer, 3 treatment of special fertilizer and Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, complex fertilizer is the combination of urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride, complex fertilizer N for urine complex fertilizer:P2O5:K2O is identical with special fertilizer, and consumption is 50kg/ mus, often processes 6 repetitions.
In May, 2014, by row application and the side on ridge, seeding corn, seed manure was separate in locality typical soil, Liaoning Province (brown earth).Thinning after growing 1 month, the homogeneous plant of reservation upgrowth situation, each treatment uses consistent way to manage, equal nothing to topdress.
Respectively after planting 1 month, 2 months, determine that the number of sheets, leaf area, stem be thick, plant height, chlorophyll content after 3 months, November harvest after determine yield.
The plant number of sheets of the treatment of growth period special fertilizer and Chemical Mixed Fertilizer treatment, leaf area, stem are thick, plant height and chlorophyll content are significantly higher than without fertile group.Corn growth early stage, special fertilizer treatment has difference with Chemical Mixed Fertilizer treatment, but difference is not up to the level of signifiance.Corn growth later stage, the plant number of sheets of special fertilizer treatment is not notable with Chemical Mixed Fertilizer processing difference, and leaf area, stem are thick, plant height is noticeably greater than Chemical Mixed Fertilizer group, and tasseling stage shifts to an earlier date 2~3 days, and chlorophyll content increases, dark green leaf, and root system enriches.Yield increases by 3~5% after autumn harvest.
Embodiment 3
To be crushed from the charcoal (butt) of stalk and cross 60 mesh sieves, bentonite in powder is broken to≤40 mesh, while granular chemical fertilizer was crushed into 60 mesh sieves.Finally by 40.2 parts of urea, 19.6 parts of phosphoric acid diamines, 20 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of charcoals, 4.4 parts of medical stones, 5 parts of bentonites add drum granulating equipment mixing granulation.Obtain N:P2O5:K2O=22:9:12., N+P2O5+K2The granular product of O >=43%.
Setup Experiments：
If without fertilizer, 3 treatment of special fertilizer and Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, complex fertilizer is the combination of urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, complex fertilizer N:P2O5:K2O is identical with special fertilizer, and consumption is 50kg/ mus, often processes 6 repetitions.
In May, 2014, by row application and the side on ridge, seeding corn, seed manure was separate in locality typical soil, Liaoning Province (brown earth).Thinning after growing 1 month, the homogeneous plant of reservation upgrowth situation, each treatment uses consistent way to manage, equal nothing to topdress.
Respectively after planting 1 month, 2 months, determine that the number of sheets, leaf area, stem be thick, plant height, chlorophyll content after 3 months, November harvest after determine yield.
The plant number of sheets of the treatment of growth period special fertilizer and Chemical Mixed Fertilizer treatment, leaf area, stem are thick, plant height and chlorophyll content are significantly higher than without fertile group.Corn growth early stage, special fertilizer treatment has difference with Chemical Mixed Fertilizer treatment, but difference is not up to the level of signifiance.Corn growth later stage, the plant number of sheets of special fertilizer treatment is not notable with Chemical Mixed Fertilizer processing difference, and the leaf area of special fertilizer treatment, stem are thick, plant height is noticeably greater than Chemical Mixed Fertilizer group, tasseling stage shifts to an earlier date 2~3 days, and chlorophyll content increases, dark green leaf, root system enriches, drought resisting, resistant to lodging.Yield increases by more than 5% after autumn harvest.
Chemical Mixed Fertilizer treatment soil pH value is slightly reduced than control, and difference is not notable；Special fertilizer processes soil pH value and compares of substantially equal.Soil physical property changes not notable after experiment in a year.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer, it is characterised in that：By charcoal, chemistry
Fertilizer, medical stone and bentonite composition are made up of charcoal, chemical fertilizer and bentonite, by weight
Percentage meter charcoal, chemical fertilizer, medical stone and bentonite content are respectively 5~23.7%：
71.3-82%：0~6%：5~8%.
2. charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
Chemical fertilizer is stated to be made up of urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and potassium chloride；
Example meter by weight percentage, the specific composition of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer is：Urea 35.0
~40.2%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 19.6~21.8%, potassium chloride 16.7~20.0%, charcoal 5%~23.7%,
Medical stone powder 0~6%, bentonite 5~8%.
3. the preparation method of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer described in a kind of claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that：Charcoal is ground into charcoal powder, chemical fertilizer, medical stone and bentonite difference
After pulverizing and sieving in proportion directly mixing, drum granulating, 80-100 DEG C obtain final product within tumble drying 10-20 minutes
To corn long-acting special composite fertilizer.
4. the preparation method of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer according to claim 3, it is special
Levy and be：The charcoal powder be with agriculture waste biomass maize straw as raw material, after crushing
The height produced for 90 minutes by 350 DEG C to 400 DEG C temperature thermal crackings, charing under limit oxygen or anoxia condition
Degree aromatization, the solid matter of slightly solubility, dry 30 minutes by air-drying 24-48 hours or drying,
Obtain charcoal powder.
5. charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer preparation method according to claim 4, it is special
Levy and be：Water content≤20% of the charcoal powder.
6. charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer preparation method according to claim 4, it is special
Levy and be：Dry is drying, 80 DEG C≤T≤120 DEG C of drying temperature.
7. charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer preparation method according to claim 4, it is special
Levy and be：Dry to air-dry or drying.
8. the preparation method of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer according to claim 3, its
It is characterised by：The bentonite is size-reduced to be screened to particle diameter≤40 mesh.
9. the preparation method of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer according to claim 3, its
It is characterised by：Medical stone particle diameter≤40 mesh.
10. the preparation method of charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that：N-p-k three elements in the charcoal base corn long-acting special composite fertilizer for obtaining
Ratio is 20~22%：9~10%：10~12%.
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| CN107628863A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of composition for having intensive vegetable filed nitrogen and phosphorus loss resistance control concurrently and effect being lifted with soil fertility |
| CN107652116A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-02 | 佛山实瑞先导材料研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of biological compound fertilizer |
| CN108314524A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-24 | 时科生物科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of liquid fertilizer prepared as raw material using charcoal |
| CN108727136A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-02 | 拉多美（宁陵）化肥有限公司 | Ureaformaldehyde Synergistic composite fertilizer production technology |
| CN109134136A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of biology carbon nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109847693A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-06-07 | 石河子大学 | A kind of bentonite modified charcoal and its preparation method and application |
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| CN111410583A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-14 | 河南省丰夷肥业有限公司 | Sweet waxy corn photocatalytic nitrogen fixation biological carbon fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107628863A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of composition for having intensive vegetable filed nitrogen and phosphorus loss resistance control concurrently and effect being lifted with soil fertility |
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| CN109134136A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of biology carbon nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| US11124461B2 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2021-09-21 | Incitec Pivot Limited | Fertilizer |
| US11691929B2 (en) | 2019-07-04 | 2023-07-04 | Incitec Fertilizers Pty Limited | Fertiliser |
| CN111410583A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-14 | 河南省丰夷肥业有限公司 | Sweet waxy corn photocatalytic nitrogen fixation biological carbon fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111875444A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-03 | 黑龙江省农业科学院农村能源与环保研究所 | Preparation method of special slow-release bulk blended fertilizer for corn in Heilongjiang semi-humid area |
| CN112409095A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-02-26 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | No-tillage corn planting no-dressing special fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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