CN103539566A - Volcanic gravel type flue-cured tobacco seedling substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Volcanic gravel type flue-cured tobacco seedling substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103539566A CN103539566A CN201310524529.9A CN201310524529A CN103539566A CN 103539566 A CN103539566 A CN 103539566A CN 201310524529 A CN201310524529 A CN 201310524529A CN 103539566 A CN103539566 A CN 103539566A
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical group CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 16
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 description 15
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021186 dishes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011177 media preparation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005335 volcanic glass Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a volcanic gravel type flue-cured tobacco seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof. Mixing 2.5-4 parts of volcanic gravel, 2-3 parts of volcanic ash soil, 2-3 parts of corn straw and 2-3 parts of rice husk in proportion, composting and decomposing to finally prepare the substrate suitable for flue-cured tobacco seedling culture. The invention is used for replacing the existing seedling raising matrix based on the turf type, and the tobacco seedlings cultured by the matrix are similar to or partially superior to the tobacco seedlings cultured by the turf matrix in the aspects of emergence rate, growth and development of the tobacco seedlings and the like. The volcanic gravel and volcanic ash soil used in the invention can be directly taken from natural environment, and meanwhile, the straw, the rice husk and the like are waste resources, so compared with the matrix materials such as grass carbon and the like, the volcanic gravel and volcanic ash soil has the advantages of rich raw material reserves, low cost, no waste generation and the like, and has higher social, economic and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to organic seedling raising matrix technical field, specifically relate to a kind of Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium that utilizes volcano chad to prepare.Meanwhile, the invention still further relates to the preparation method of this Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium.
Background technology
Flue-cured tobacco is one of important cash crop of China, and planting area is mainly distributed in former revolutionary bases, minority-inhabited areas, frontier areas and poverty-stricken areas at present, to improving the economic level of local peasant household, has great importance.The prerequisite that ensures cured tobacco production is the cultivation of cigarette seedling.Cultivation seedling is in good time, abundant amount, and neat healthy and strong cigarette seedling is the basis that obtains sound tobacco production.Desirable High Quality Tobacco seedling should be disease-free, well developed root system, and strong stress resistance, transplanting survival rate is high.
The main employing of growing seedlings of flue-cured tobacco be take the peat composed of rotten mosses as the production of growing seedlings of the matrix of main raw (30～60%), and peat composed of rotten mosses usage quantity is huge, and 1 hectare of flue-cured tobacco of every plantation, need to exploit from wetland the peat composed of rotten mosses of 0.5 cubic metre of left and right according to estimates.The peat composed of rotten mosses is a kind of process formed atmospheric swamp ground product in several thousand, belongs to Nonrenewable resources, and the reserves of China are very limited; The peat composed of rotten mosses is mainly distributed in the wetlands such as marsh, lakebed simultaneously, and its excessive exploitation also can bring a series of ecological environment problem.Therefore, following in the selection of Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium, should actively find Peat substitution thing.
Tengchong County is one of flue-cured tobacco modern agriculture demonstration area of giving priority to, Yunnan Province, and the cultivated area of flue-cured tobacco remains on 30,000 hectares of left and right throughout the year, and tobacco planting has great importance in local agro based economic development.Tengchong County tobacco planting is taked the pattern of flue-cured tobacco-corn-paddy rice crop rotation conventionally, in this production model, can produce a large amount of organic waste resources such as corn, rice straw and rice husk, at present these organic waste resource utilization wretched insufficiencies.Meanwhile, gather in volcano, Tengchong Area, domestic extensively distribution volcano chad.Volcano chad be after volcanic explosion by the porous stone material of volcanic glass, mineral and bubble formation, be rich in several mineral materials and the trace elements such as sodium, magnesium, silicon, calcium.If can utilize volcano chad and above-mentioned organic waste to prepare Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium, saving, local economic development and protection of natural resources and environment and the reduction flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating cost for peat composed of rotten mosses resource all has great importance.But in prior art, there is not yet successful report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of volcano chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium is provided.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of method of preparing described volcano chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium.
Object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
A chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium, makes after the raw material blending by following parts by volume: 2～3 parts, 2.5～4 parts of volcano chads, 2～3 parts of andosoils, 2～3 parts of maize straws and paddy rice rice husk.
The particle diameter of described volcano chad, maize straw, paddy rice rice husk is 1～6mm.
Described andosoil is taken to anthropogenic soil, soil weight <1g/cm
3.
A preparation method for volcano chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium, step is as follows:
(1) volcano chad, andosoil are collected by airing, air-dry, beat, cross 40～50 mesh sieves, volcano chad maximum particle diameter≤6mm;
(2) by maize straw, paddy rice rice husk through airing, air-dry, pulverize after, cross 40～50 mesh sieves, maximum particle diameter≤6mm;
(3) after mix 2.5～4:2～3:2～3:2～3 by volume by volcano chad, andosoil, maize straw, paddy rice rice husk, add water and carry out stack retting and become thoroughly decomposed 28 days, every turning in 7 days once, final water supply in media content is 30～45%.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, volcano chad has loose porous characteristic, and air permeability is good; Maize straw and paddy rice rice husk both can increase the water conservation venting capability of matrix, can also increase content organic in matrix; Andosoil has certain cohesiveness, and volcano chad, maize straw, three kinds of materials of paddy rice rice husk are combined together, is beneficial to the transplanting of Tobacco Seedlings.The substrate material finished product of finally making has following physics and chemistry index feature: unit weight: 550～750kg/m
3; Total porosity 60～85%; Particle diameter (3～6mm) is more than or equal to 45%; Moisture content 30～45%; PH value 6～8, organic content is greater than 40%.
2, the present invention, when saving peat composed of rotten mosses resource, takes full advantage of the organic waste resources such as maize straw and paddy rice rice husk.And the cigarette seedling bringing out with this seedling medium is all similar at seedling rate, seedling rate, the aspect such as grow or part is better than conventional peat composed of rotten mosses matrix, after flue-cured tobacco field-transplanting, cigarette strain field growing way is neat, physically well develop, delicate and pretty anosis, the aspects such as yield of tobacco and economic worth are close or be slightly better than conventional peat composed of rotten mosses matrix.
3, raw material sources of the present invention are extensive, and resource reserve is abundant, and cheap, this makes the cost of seedling medium reduce by 50～70% compared with conventional seedbed system matrix (peat composed of rotten mosses matrix).Meanwhile, preparation technology's flow process of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, is very suitable for large-area applying.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiment is not limited to the technical solution.
The preparation of embodiment 1. volcano chad type seedling mediums
In field, Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, extensively distribute volcano chad, andosoil (0-25cm topsoil soils) are collected by airing, air-dry, beat, cross 40-50 mesh sieve, maximum particle diameter <6mm; Meanwhile, by maize straw and paddy rice rice husk through airing, air-dry, pulverize after, cross 40-50 mesh sieve, maximum particle diameter <6mm.
Wherein andosoil unit weight is 0.87g/cm
3, pH value is 6.03, and soil organic matter content is 3.80%, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 127mg/kg, and rapid available phosphorus (Olsen-P) content is 13.4mg/kg, available potassium (NH
4oAc-K) content is 247mg/kg.
Utilize volumometer measuring device, by volcano chad, andosoil, maize straw, paddy rice rice husk, 3:3:2:2,4:2:2:2 mix by volume respectively, add the laggard windrow of water to macerate and become thoroughly decomposed 28 days, every turning in 7 days once, finally make two kinds of volcano chad matrix Friendly tobacco seedling raising mediums.
Two kinds of main physicochemical characters of volcano chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium of table 1
The flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating compliance test result of embodiment 2. volcano chad type seedling mediums
In order to verify the actual effect of volcano chad type seedling medium, contriver be take conventional peat composed of rotten mosses substrate material (peat composed of rotten mosses ratio is 53%) in contrast, for examination flue-cured tobacco cultivars, is cloud and mist 87 pelleted seeds, carries out the simultaneous test of tobacco floating seed rearing.Floating seedling tray adopts the polystyrene foam lattice dish in 200 caves, and specification is 34cm * 68cm * 6cm.Single alms bowl is inverted trapezoidal shape, small hole at bottom part diameter 0.6cm, the about 27cm of single cave volume
3.Every processing arranges three repetitions, each repeat sowing 3 dishes.Same repetition is all placed in same nursery pond.
The different seedling mediums of table 2 are processed Tobacco Seedlings (seedling age 65 days) Other Main Agronomic Characters
Note: with different letter representation othernesses after column data, reach 5% conspicuous level.
As shown in table 2, compare with peat composed of rotten mosses seedling medium, the cigarette seedling that volcano chad type seedling medium brings out is all close at seedling rate, seedling rate, stem girth, plant height and overground part and root system dry matter weight, and wherein the seedling rate of volcano chad type matrix B processing (98.5%) is significantly higher than CK and processes (96.7%).
Seedling growth test result shows, volcano provided by the invention chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium can substitute in cured tobacco production take the Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium that the peat composed of rotten mosses is raw material, when saving peat composed of rotten mosses resource, can effectively utilize the organic waste resources such as stalk rice husk; In addition, seedling medium preparation flow provided by the invention is simple, cheap, is suitable for large-area applying, and has wide society, economy, ecological benefits.
Claims (4)
1. a volcano chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium, makes after the raw material blending by following parts by volume: 2～3 parts, 2.5～4 parts of volcano chads, 2～3 parts of andosoils, 2～3 parts of maize straws and paddy rice rice husk.
2. volcano according to claim 1 chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium, is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described volcano chad, maize straw, paddy rice rice husk is 1～6mm.
3. volcano according to claim 1 chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium, is characterized in that: described andosoil unit weight <1g/cm
3.
4. the preparation method of volcano chad type Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium described in claim 1, step is as follows:
(1) volcano chad, andosoil are collected by airing, air-dry, beat, cross 40～50 mesh sieves, volcano chad maximum particle diameter≤6mm;
(2) by maize straw, paddy rice rice husk through airing, air-dry, pulverize after, cross 40～50 mesh sieves, maximum particle diameter≤6mm;
(3) after mix 2.5～4:2～3:2～3:2～3 by volume by volcano chad, andosoil, maize straw, paddy rice rice husk, add water and carry out stack retting and become thoroughly decomposed 28 days, every turning in 7 days once, final water supply in media content is 30～45%.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103980054A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-13 | 云南省烟草公司文山州公司 | Flue-cured tobacco floating seedling culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN104119165A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-29 | 许盛英 | Production method of pyrophyllite tailing compressed nutrient soil |
| CN104119175A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-29 | 许盛英 | Production method of volcanic ash compressed nutritional soil |
| CN105684848A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-22 | 杨玉明 | Nutritive medium |
| CN107129410A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-09-05 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of organic ecological cultivating soil matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN110199850A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-09-06 | 合肥济坤环保科技有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of submerged plant |
| CN115997643A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-04-25 | 南京新创蔬菜分子育种研究院有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate special for solanaceous fruits and melons and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103980054A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-13 | 云南省烟草公司文山州公司 | Flue-cured tobacco floating seedling culture medium and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107129410A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-09-05 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | A kind of organic ecological cultivating soil matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN110199850A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-09-06 | 合肥济坤环保科技有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of submerged plant |
| CN115997643A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-04-25 | 南京新创蔬菜分子育种研究院有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate special for solanaceous fruits and melons and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140129 |