CN103518543A - Rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties - Google Patents
Rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103518543A CN103518543A CN201310453508.2A CN201310453508A CN103518543A CN 103518543 A CN103518543 A CN 103518543A CN 201310453508 A CN201310453508 A CN 201310453508A CN 103518543 A CN103518543 A CN 103518543A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- walnut
- grafting
- breeding
- breeding method
- year
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a walnut tree breeding method and provides a rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties. The method comprises the processes of rootstock breeding, improved-variety scion breeding, grafting and field management after grafting. The rootstock breeding process includes that soil deep ploughing is carried out in winter in the current year, bedding and seeding are carried out after unfreezing in spring in the next year, and a walnut tree seedling is cultivated. Compared with a traditional grafting method, the rapid breeding method is characterized in that 1) when improved-variety seed trees or cutting orchard young sprouts grow to 30-40cm, 3-4 buds are reserved, pinching is carried out, and thin and weak buds on base portions of branches are removed in time after pinching and sprouting; 2) the grafting is carried out when the thickness of the walnut tree seedling 20cm away from the ground reaches more than 0.7cm. According to the rapid breeding method for the walnut improved varieties, new breakthroughs of current-year seeding, current-year grafting and current-year transplantation of walnut breeding are achieved, transplantation and garden building are higher than common grafting and breeding than 1-2 years, the problem of overhigh production cost of walnut tree planting is resolved, the step of walnut variety improving can be quickened, economic benefits are produced as soon as possible, and industrialized development of walnut planting is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of walnut breeding method, particularly relate to a kind of improved variety of walnut quick-breeding method.
Background technology
Walnut is the king of high-grade edible woody oleiferous plants in the world, and it is nutritious, the effect that can play brain tonic and intelligence development, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, moistening dryness and resolving phlegm, moistening skin beautifying, promote longevity of food.Along with the raising of people's living standard, the demand expanding day that it is social.Because past walnut is produced the breeding that mostly is to grow directly from seeds, plant 10 years later ability partial results, and yield poorly, of poor quality, affected the enthusiasm that people are developed walnut.Arrived eighties of last century nineties, by numerous scientific research personnel, made great efforts to assault fortified position, though have great outstanding in walnut grafting breeding, but breed a grafting and still needed for 2-3 years, cause production cost too high, delayed the paces of improved variety of walnut, be unfavorable for the development of walnut plantation industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The problem proposing for background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of improved variety of walnut fast breeding method, the new breakthrough that realized walnut breeding sowing then, grafting then, goes out then garden.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A fast breeding method, comprises the cultivation of stock, the cultivation of improved variety scion, the process of field management after grafting and grafting, the process that wherein stock is cultivated is: in the winter in year, carry out soil deep ploughing, basal dressing, the spring in next year thaw after bedding, sowing, cultivate walnut seedling;
1) when breeding elite stand or cutting orchard young sprout grow to 30-40cm, stay 3-4 buds to carry out pinching, the thin and weak bud of branch base portion is removed in pinching in time after germinateing, and takes measures to prevent that damage by disease and insect from occurring simultaneously;
2) to walnut seedling, apart from ground, about 20cm place rugosity reaches 0.7cm and carries out grafting when above.
Described improved variety of walnut fast breeding method, grafting adopts the method for large square bud grafting:
1) interface, apart from ground 15-30cm, connects rear otch top and stays two compound leaves to cut for the first time anvil;
2) while sprouting 5-10cm when buddering, cut for the second time anvil, this cuts anvil clip apart from contact pin top 2-3cm;
3) lighten restrictions on buddering while growing into 10-20cm, and intertillage, weeding in time, topdress, except shade and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Described improved variety of walnut fast breeding method, in the process that stock is cultivated, 1) before sowing, soak seed, after soaking seed 7-10 days, pull out, airing is one day in the sun, sowing after more than 60% seed suture cracking;
2) sowing is first 5-7 days, waters vola water, guarantees that sufficient moisture in the soil sows, during sowing, by line-spacing 50cm left and right, ditch, ditch depth 15cm left and right, then program request walnut, point makes suture perpendicular to the ground sowing time, and broadcasting rear thickness of earth-fill cover is 3-5 times of seed transverse diameter, and often keeps soil moisture content good.
3) field management: timely intertill and clean tillage after seedling all sprouts, and impose urea, 10-20 jin every mu, fertilizing method, for trench digging deep placement, waters after fertilising in time.
Described improved variety of walnut fast breeding method, after grafting in the process of field management, for preventing that nursery stock from draining winter, when topdressing, take Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium as main, and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate in conjunction with prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and winter and two seasons of spring in next year are irrigating respectively water twice then, can Chu Pujian garden.
The useful good effect of invention:
Improved variety of walnut fast breeding method of the present invention, the new breakthrough that realized walnut breeding sowing then, grafting then, goes out then garden, than conventional propagation by grafiting, shift to an earlier date 1-2 years Chu Pu,Jian gardens, overcome walnut plantation in the past and caused the too high problem of production cost, can accelerate the paces of improved variety of walnut, produce as early as possible economic benefit, be conducive to the development of walnut plantation industrialization, it is promoted the use of, and will produce good economic results in society.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
embodiment 1
Improved variety of walnut fast breeding method of the present invention, comprise the cultivation of stock, the cultivation of improved variety scion, the process of field management after grafting and grafting, the process that wherein stock is cultivated comprises: in the winter in year, carry out soil deep ploughing, basal dressing, spring in next year thaw after bedding, sowing, cultivate walnut seedling; They are different from existing traditional grafting method: the 1) cultivation of improved variety scion: when breeding elite stand or cutting orchard young sprout grow to 30-40cm, stay 3-4 buds to carry out pinching, the thin and weak bud of branch base portion, a large amount of generations of simultaneously taking measures to stop damage by disease and insect are removed in pinching in time after germinateing; 2) to walnut seedling apart from the about 20cm of ground level place rugosity, reach 0.7cm and carry out grafting when above.
embodiment 2
The improved variety of walnut fast breeding method of the present embodiment, difference from Example 1 is, further discloses the specific implementation step that grafting adopts large square bud grafting:
1) interface, apart from ground 18-22cm, connects rear otch top and stays two compound leaves to cut for the first time anvil;
2) while sprouting 5-10cm when buddering, cut for the second time anvil, this cuts anvil clip apart from contact pin top 2-3cm;
3) lighten restrictions on buddering while growing into 10-20cm, and intertillage, weeding in time, topdress, except shade and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
embodiment 3
The present embodiment improved variety of walnut fast breeding method, in conjunction with actual, more specific detail the implementation procedure of technical solution of the present invention:
One, select irrigation condition experimental field good.Experimental field plot, place soil is that cinnamon soil is more sticky, pH value 7.2, and during year sunshine duration 1988, precipitation 980mm, 210 days frost-free seasons, 13.2 ℃ of year sammings, area is 200 ㎡.
Two, stock is cultivated
1, carry out soil deep ploughing 20-30cm with sowing: Yu Niandong wholely, in conjunction with deep ploughing mu, execute 100 load night soils (this experimental field executes 30 loads altogether).
Spring in next year thaw after bedding.Furrow are wide 2 meters, and long 15 meters, the high 20cm in ridge, keeps furrow face level, and soil is in small, broken bits.Sowing time is on March 10th, 2013.Before sowing, seed soaking is 7-10 days, pulls airing in the sun out one day, sowing after 70% seed suture cracking.Sow first 5-7 days, water vola water, guarantee that sufficient moisture in the soil sows.During sowing, press line-spacing 50cm trench digging, ditch depth 15cm left and right, point makes suture perpendicular to the ground sowing time.Broadcast rear earthing 10cm(seed transverse diameter 3-5 times), often keep soil moisture content good.Started April 8 to germinate and be unearthed.
2, field management: timely intertill and clean tillage after seedling all sprouts, and mid-May, impose 15 jin every mu, urea, fertilizing method is trench digging deep placement, after fertilising, water in time,, the middle ten days upper to July, seedling rugosity reaches 0.8cm above (apart from 20cm place, ground), carries out large square bud grafting.
Three, the cultivation of improved variety scion
Because walnut seedling is then thinner, and walnut graft is thicker, and sprout is loose, causes bud sheet and stock otch to misfit, so incubation growth is healthy and strong, scion that thickness is moderate is the key of grafting survival.The way that the present invention adopts is: when breeding elite stand or cutting orchard young sprout grow to 30-40cm, stay 3-4 buds to carry out pinching, impose in time 30 pounds/acre, urea after pinching, after fertilising, water in time.The thin and weak bud of branch base portion, a large amount of generations of simultaneously taking measures to stop damage by disease and insect are removed in pinching in time after germinateing.
Four, grafting and connect rear management
Grafting method is large square bud grafting, and interface, apart from ground 20cm, connects rear otch top and stays two compound leaves to cut for the first time anvil, cuts for the second time anvil while sprouting 5-10cm when buddering, and this cuts anvil clip apart from contact pin top 2-3cm.Lighten restrictions on buddering while growing into 15cm left and right, and intertillage, weeding in time, topdress, except shade and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
For preventing that nursery stock from draining winter, when topdressing, take Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium as main (N16%, P2O516%, K16%), and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate in conjunction with prevention and elimination of disease and pests, winter and two seasons of spring in next year are irrigating respectively water twice then, March can Chu Pujian garden.
Following table is for adopting fast breeding method of the present invention, and the result of the test that grafting time carries out in July 1, July 10, July 15, July 20, July 25 respectively connects 200 strains at every turn.
Shown in upper table, grafting on July 1 is on the low side because stock is fine into motility rate, and seedling average boldness on July 15-20 survival rate when 1.2-1.5cm is the highest, and nursery stock is also the highest.The nursery stock of proof employing walnut breeding fast breeding method of the present invention institute grafting all can reach the national standard of GB7907-87.At present, this experimental field adopts the nursery stock of walnut breeding fast breeding method of the present invention institute grafting to grow fine, and can reach the effect that next spring can Chu Pujian garden.Visible, this invention walnut breeding fast breeding method can improve the paces of improved variety of walnut significantly, will be conducive to the development of walnut plantation industrialization, can produce good society and economic benefit.
Claims (5)
1. an improved variety of walnut fast breeding method, comprises the cultivation of stock, the cultivation of improved variety scion, the process of field management after grafting and grafting, the process that wherein stock is cultivated is: in the winter in year, carry out soil deep ploughing, basal dressing, the spring in next year thaw after bedding, sowing, cultivate walnut seedling; It is characterized in that:
1) when breeding elite stand or cutting orchard young sprout grow to 30-40cm, stay 3-4 buds to carry out pinching, the thin and weak bud of branch base portion is removed in pinching in time after germinateing, and takes measures to prevent that damage by disease and insect from occurring simultaneously;
2) to walnut seedling, apart from ground, about 20cm place rugosity reaches 0.7cm and carries out grafting when above.
2. improved variety of walnut fast breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: grafting adopts the method for large square bud grafting:
1) interface, apart from ground 15-30cm, connects rear otch top and stays two compound leaves to cut for the first time anvil;
2) while sprouting 5-10cm when buddering, cut for the second time anvil, this cuts anvil clip apart from contact pin top 2-3cm;
3) lighten restrictions on buddering while growing into 10-20cm, and intertillage, weeding in time, topdress, except shade and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
3. improved variety of walnut fast breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in the process that stock is cultivated, 1) soak seed before sowing, after soaking seed 7-10 days, pull out, airing is one day in the sun, sowing after more than 60% seed suture cracking;
2) sowing is first 5-7 days, waters vola water, guarantees that sufficient moisture in the soil sows, during sowing, by line-spacing 50cm left and right, ditch, ditch depth 15cm left and right, then program request walnut, point makes suture perpendicular to the ground sowing time, and broadcasting rear thickness of earth-fill cover is 3-5 times of seed transverse diameter, and often keeps soil moisture content good;
?3) field management: timely intertill and clean tillage after seedling all sprouts, and impose urea, 10-20 jin every mu, fertilizing method, for trench digging deep placement, waters after fertilising in time.
4. improved variety of walnut fast breeding method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: after grafting in the process of field management, for preventing nursery stock, drain winter, when topdressing, take Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium as main, and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate in conjunction with prevention and elimination of disease and pests, winter and two seasons of spring in next year are irrigating respectively water twice then, can Chu Pujian garden.
5. improved variety of walnut fast breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: after grafting in the process of field management, for preventing nursery stock, drain winter, when topdressing, take Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium as main, and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate in conjunction with prevention and elimination of disease and pests, winter and two seasons of spring in next year are irrigating respectively water twice then, can Chu Pujian garden.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310453508.2A CN103518543B (en) | 2013-09-29 | 2013-09-29 | Rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310453508.2A CN103518543B (en) | 2013-09-29 | 2013-09-29 | Rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103518543A true CN103518543A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| CN103518543B CN103518543B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
Family
ID=49921187
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310453508.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103518543B (en) | 2013-09-29 | 2013-09-29 | Rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103518543B (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103828677A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-04 | 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 | Carya illinoensis nutrition bag seedling cultivation method |
| CN103828679A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-04 | 漾濞县涵轩绿色产业开发有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield walnut cultivation method |
| CN103858724A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 刘海涛 | Breeding method for high-quality walnut seedlings |
| CN104303850A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-28 | 乐山市圣果农林科技有限公司 | Improved patch budding method for fragrant walnuts |
| CN104429640A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州市新巷农艺科技园 | Bud grafting cultivation method for walnuts |
| CN104737824A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 重庆市丰都县三耀农业综合开发股份合作社 | Walnut planting method |
| CN104920155A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-23 | 永胜程海茂源农业开发有限公司 | Cultivating method for pecans |
| CN105145117A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-16 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Method for infecting walnut ectomycorrhizae |
| CN106937578A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-07-11 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of breeding method of the anti-windbreak of apocarya budling |
| CN107041222A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-08-15 | 新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of walnut-wheat integrated cultivation method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1608415A (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2005-04-27 | 四川大学 | Breeding process of grafted walnut with advanced full fruit period |
| CN102057851A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-05-18 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | New technique for culturing apocarya by seeding and grafting in current year |
| CN102144517A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-08-10 | 郧县清青农林科技有限公司 | Grafting method of superior walnut |
-
2013
- 2013-09-29 CN CN201310453508.2A patent/CN103518543B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1608415A (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2005-04-27 | 四川大学 | Breeding process of grafted walnut with advanced full fruit period |
| CN102057851A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-05-18 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | New technique for culturing apocarya by seeding and grafting in current year |
| CN102144517A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-08-10 | 郧县清青农林科技有限公司 | Grafting method of superior walnut |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘湘林等: "核桃芽接的接穗培育技术", 《湖北农业科学》 * |
| 张翠娟等: "实生核桃幼树改接良种及其管理技术", 《落叶果树》 * |
| 李传文等: "核桃嫁接技术", 《山东林业科技》 * |
| 李传文等: "核桃嫁接经验总结", 《北方果树》 * |
| 李建中等: "核桃良种快速繁育试验", 《林业科技开发》 * |
| 郗荣庭: "核桃优质高效栽培技术", 《柑桔与亚热带果树信息》 * |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103828677A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-04 | 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 | Carya illinoensis nutrition bag seedling cultivation method |
| CN103828677B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2016-06-01 | 云南润雨薄壳山核桃科技开发有限公司 | A kind of apocarya nutrient bag seeding cultivating method |
| CN103828679B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-12-09 | 漾濞县涵轩绿色产业开发有限公司 | A kind of walnut cultivating superior high-yield method |
| CN103828679A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-04 | 漾濞县涵轩绿色产业开发有限公司 | High-quality and high-yield walnut cultivation method |
| CN103858724A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-18 | 刘海涛 | Breeding method for high-quality walnut seedlings |
| CN104303850A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-28 | 乐山市圣果农林科技有限公司 | Improved patch budding method for fragrant walnuts |
| CN104429640A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州市新巷农艺科技园 | Bud grafting cultivation method for walnuts |
| CN104737824A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 重庆市丰都县三耀农业综合开发股份合作社 | Walnut planting method |
| CN104920155A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-23 | 永胜程海茂源农业开发有限公司 | Cultivating method for pecans |
| CN105145117A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-16 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Method for infecting walnut ectomycorrhizae |
| CN105145117B (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-11-24 | 贵州省生物研究所 | A kind of walnut exotrophic mycorrhiza infects method |
| CN106937578A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-07-11 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of breeding method of the anti-windbreak of apocarya budling |
| CN107041222A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-08-15 | 新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | A kind of walnut-wheat integrated cultivation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103518543B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103518543B (en) | Rapid breeding method for walnut improved varieties | |
| CN105494005A (en) | High-yield cultivation method for seedling planting of camellia oleifera | |
| CN102960137A (en) | Cultivation method of autumn and summer Zizania aquatica | |
| CN103766126B (en) | Method for rapidly culturing tea tree seedlings in numerically-controlled greenhouse | |
| CN103283454B (en) | Method for cultivating oriental cherries in hilly and mountainous areas | |
| CN103875498A (en) | Method for planting malus halliana | |
| CN101536644A (en) | Method for fast asexual propagation by cottage at root and sowing roots of shinyleaf yellowhorn | |
| CN106034937A (en) | Blueberry planting method | |
| CN104285754A (en) | Shatian pumelo sapling planting method | |
| CN105309157A (en) | Cultivation method of ginkgo trees | |
| CN102919011A (en) | Stock plant nutrition supply method for strawberry seedling breeding | |
| CN104322264A (en) | Pollution-free cultivating method of chrysanthemum | |
| CN106561455A (en) | Konjak interplanting method | |
| CN104396503A (en) | Summer acclimation transition method for strawberry tissue culture seedlings | |
| CN105075781A (en) | Cultivating method for mulberries | |
| CN103814717A (en) | Pine tree stock plant cultivating method | |
| CN109121990A (en) | A kind of apple cultivation method | |
| CN106718624A (en) | The cultural method of Ke Lunsheng currants | |
| CN104541853A (en) | Method for interplanting cassava and leafy vegetable type sweet potato | |
| CN106538335A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of daye tea | |
| CN108012749A (en) | Oil uses tree peony high-yield planting method | |
| CN109496517A (en) | A kind of oil Cultivate administration technology of tree peony | |
| CN107197672A (en) | A kind of balloonflower root efficient cultivation method | |
| CN104206130A (en) | Method for interplanting maize and red cluster peppers | |
| CN108668870A (en) | A kind of north high-yield pear cultivation method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150311 Termination date: 20170929 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |