CN103483065A - Method for preventing and controlling mixed fungus through table salt used in oyster mushroom raw material cultivation - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling mixed fungus through table salt used in oyster mushroom raw material cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103483065A CN103483065A CN201310405424.1A CN201310405424A CN103483065A CN 103483065 A CN103483065 A CN 103483065A CN 201310405424 A CN201310405424 A CN 201310405424A CN 103483065 A CN103483065 A CN 103483065A
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- salt
- oyster mushroom
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- straw
- pleurotus ostreatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling mixed fungus through table salt used in oyster mushroom raw material cultivation. The method is characterized in that when leftovers of agricultural and sideline products, such as sawdust, cottonseed hull, corn cob, cotton straw, ramie straw, rape straw, asparagus straw, cassava straw, cassava dregs, cotton boll shell and peanut shell are used for preparing an oyster mushroom cultivation material, a proper amount of table salt is added to kill or inhibit mixed fungus in the cultivation material. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the cultivation material. Compared with the method in which carbendazim pesticide is used, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that: 1. the anti-hybrid ability is strong and the effect is higher than 99%; 2. the method promotes the growth of the oyster mushroom mycelium and shortens the production cycle; and 3. the produced oyster mushroom has high quality and is free of residual harmful substances, and the yield is increased by more than 20%.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention relates to the flat mushroom cultivation in raw material and prevents and treats the miscellaneous bacteria method, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
The flat mushroom cultivation in raw material is the main method that vast edible mushrooms specialist produces flat mushroom.Because cultivated area is large, or produce in same place for many years, in the bacterium stage of sending out of flat mushroom (especially producing spring), miscellaneous bacteria harm often occurs, miscellaneous bacteria spreads soon, and loss is large, becomes the major obstacles of flat mushroom production development.In order to prevent living contaminants, the mushroom agriculture, when making Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material, is admixed the derosal agricultural chemicals, and the flat mushroom of producing like this contains pesticide residue, does not meet the requirement of non-polluted farm product.
For this problem, by constantly groping, find to add appropriate salt in the flat mushroom cultivation in raw material, can kill miscellaneous bacteria or suppress varied bacteria growing, the effect that prevents living contaminants is arranged.
Principle is: after salt is dissolved in water, dissociate into Na
+and Cl
-, Cl wherein
-can see through the microbial cell wall and enter nucleus and destroy the rely environment of breeding growth of miscellaneous bacteria.When dosage is large, Growth of Pleurotus Mycelium is had to restraining effect, when dosage is suitable, miscellaneous bacteria is played to restraining effect, and hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus is had to growth-promoting functions.Contain the essential metal ions of flat mushroom such as abundant calcium, sodium, magnesium in salt simultaneously, supplemented nutrition.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following three aspects: content:
1. Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material basis compatibility (before admixing salt)
2. a flat mushroom finished product planting material
3, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material basis compatibility, have following component and quality proportioning: agricultural byproducts tankage (one or more mixing) 85%, wheat bran or rice bran 12%, lime powder 1.5%, terra alba 1%, urea 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
A kind of flat mushroom finished product planting material, in basic compatibility, add salt, and the concentration of salt is 0.85% (wet feed), and the water content of planting material is 63%-65%.
Agricultural byproducts tankage: comprise wood chip, cotton seed hulls, corn cob, cotton stalk, ramie stalk, rape stalk, asparagus cane, Cassava stalk, manioc waste, cotton boll hull, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae etc., dry the particle that is ground into particle diameter 3mm-5mm.
Salt is commercially available edible crude salt.
The making method of planting material, comprise the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. the fermentation of banking up: first 1.5% liming, 0.5% urea for agricultural byproducts tankage (one or more) are prewetted (fully drenched), then wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 250kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm on heap again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds wheat bran or rice bran, terra alba and common salt aqueous solution when turning for the second time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 5d-6d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%.
Fermentation material, after heat radiation, can directly spread furrow, sowing, sends out routinely bacterium, management of producing mushroom.
The invention provides a kind of flat mushroom cultivation in raw material and prevent and treat the miscellaneous bacteria method, when with agricultural byproducts tankage (wood chip, cotton seed hulls, corn cob, cotton stalk, ramie stalk, rape stalk, asparagus cane, Cassava stalk, manioc waste, cotton boll hull, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae etc.), making Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material, add appropriate salt, to kill or to suppress the miscellaneous bacteria in planting material.Compare with existing interpolation derosal agricultural chemicals, there is the advantage of three aspects:: the one, anti-assorted power is strong, and effect reaches more than 99%; The 2nd, promoted the growth of hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus, shortened the production cycle; The 3rd, the flat mushroom quality of producing is good, and unharmful substance is residual, increases production more than 20% simultaneously.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: wood chip 85%, rice bran 12%, lime powder 1.5%, terra alba 1%, urea 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%, then adds salt, the concentration of salt is 0.85% (wet feed), and the water content of planting material is 65%.
Making method:
1. shine material: 2d is exposed to the sun raw material before spice;
2. the fermentation of banking up: first 1.5% liming, 0.5% urea for wood chip are prewetted (fully drenched), then wet feed is piled to high 1.2m, the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, the culture material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm on heap, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, when turning for the second time, adds rice bran, terra alba and common salt aqueous solution, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times totally 3 times, time remaining 5d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 65%.
Fermentation material, after heat radiation, directly spreads furrow, sowing, sends out routinely bacterium, management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: cotton seed hulls 85%, wheat bran 12%, lime powder 1.5%, terra alba 1%, urea 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%, then adds salt, the concentration of salt is 0.85% (wet feed), the water content 65% of planting material.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: corn cob 85%, wheat bran 12%, lime powder 1.5%, terra alba 1%, urea 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%, then adds salt, the concentration of salt is 0.85% (wet feed), and the water content of planting material is 65%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 4 (control group 1): in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: wood chip 85%, rice bran 12%, lime powder 1.5%, terra alba 1%, urea 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%, then adds derosal, concentration is 0.1% (wet feed), and the water content of planting material is 65%.
Mode 5 (control group 2): in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: cotton seed hulls 85%, wheat bran 12%, lime powder 1.5%, terra alba 1%, urea 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%, then adds derosal, concentration is 0.1% (wet feed), and the water content of planting material is 65%.
Mode 6 (control group 3): in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: corn cob 85%, wheat bran 12%, lime powder 1.5%, terra alba 1%, urea 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%, then adds derosal, concentration is 0.1% (wet feed), and the water content of planting material is 65%.
Known in following table, add salt in Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material, significant sterilization effect is not only arranged, and preferably growth-promoting production-increasing function is arranged.With control group, compare, the effect aspect anti-assorted effect, promotion mycelial growth and increase output is the most obvious, and anti-assorted effect reaches more than 99%, and bacteria developing period shortens 3d-4d, biological efficiency raising 21.1%-26.6%.
The result of use of table salt in Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material
Annotate: mycelial density with ++, +++and ++ ++ mean ,+number more multilist shows that mycelial density is higher.
Claims (6)
1. Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material basis compatibility, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: agricultural byproducts tankage (one or more mixing) 85%, wheat bran or rice bran 12%, lime powder 1.5%, terra alba 1%, urea 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a flat mushroom finished product planting material, in basic compatibility, add salt, and the concentration of salt is 0.85% (wet feed), and the water content of planting material is 63%-65%.
3. a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described agricultural byproducts tankage comprise wood chip, cotton seed hulls, corn cob, cotton stalk, ramie stalk, rape stalk, asparagus cane, Cassava stalk, manioc waste, cotton boll hull, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae etc.
4. a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material according to claim 2, is characterized in that described salt is commercially available edible crude salt.
5. the making method of the Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material described in a claim 1-4, comprise the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material;
2. the fermentation of banking up: first 1.5% liming, 0.5% urea for agricultural byproducts tankage (one or more) are prewetted (fully drenched), then wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 250kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm on heap again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds wheat bran or rice bran, terra alba and common salt aqueous solution when turning for the second time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 5d-6d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%.
6. utilize the Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material described in claim 1-5 (fermentation material), it is characterized in that planting material, after heat radiation, can directly spread furrow, sowing, send out routinely bacterium, management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103880527A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Edible fungus culture medium with pure cassava wastes as main raw materials as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103936515A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-23 | 朱汉学 | Oyster mushroom culture medium made of cottonseed hulls and pigeon manure |
| CN104041325A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-17 | 江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所 | New method for producing pleurotus eryngii by means of asparagus stalks |
| CN104109027A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-22 | 肥东县丰宝种养殖有限责任公司 | Oyster mushroom culture medium containing peanut hull and preparation method thereof |
| CN104193475A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽天都灵芝制品公司 | Oyster mushroom culture medium containing rape stalk and preparation method of oyster mushroom culture medium |
| CN105175154A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2015-12-23 | 马永强 | Special culture medium for artificially cultivating pollution-free oyster mushrooms and preparation method of special culture medium |
| CN105935025A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-09-14 | 湖北长久菌业有限公司 | Cultivation material utilizing paper mulberry to cultivate domestic fungus and cultivation method thereof |
| CN106431658A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-22 | 长江师范学院 | Oyster mushroom culture medium and oyster mushroom cultivation method |
| CN106800469A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-06 | 上海市农业科学院 | Plant the compost of flat mushroom in a kind of suitable Tibet Plateau |
| CN107434524A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 钟建军 | The High Yielding Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus material that a kind of corncob pueraria root residue is configured to |
| CN107864795A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-03 | 罗成喜 | The compost and cultural method of a kind of elegant precious mushroom |
| CN108812056A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-16 | 西安圣鑫生物科技有限公司 | A kind of nuisanceless edible medicinal gill fungus bacterium production technology of environment-friendly type |
| CN108849239A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-23 | 福建省永春县冠菌现代农业发展有限公司 | Oyster mushroom nutriment production method |
| CN109055335A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-21 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | It is a kind of improve white-rot fungi producing enzyme enzyme activity fermentation medium and its application |
| CN112154859A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-01-01 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | Oyster mushroom cultivation material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103880527B (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2016-01-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of be main raw material with pure cassava wastes culture medium of edible fungus, Preparation Method And The Use |
| CN103880527A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Edible fungus culture medium with pure cassava wastes as main raw materials as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103936515A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-23 | 朱汉学 | Oyster mushroom culture medium made of cottonseed hulls and pigeon manure |
| CN104041325A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-17 | 江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所 | New method for producing pleurotus eryngii by means of asparagus stalks |
| CN104109027A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-22 | 肥东县丰宝种养殖有限责任公司 | Oyster mushroom culture medium containing peanut hull and preparation method thereof |
| CN104193475A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽天都灵芝制品公司 | Oyster mushroom culture medium containing rape stalk and preparation method of oyster mushroom culture medium |
| CN105175154A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2015-12-23 | 马永强 | Special culture medium for artificially cultivating pollution-free oyster mushrooms and preparation method of special culture medium |
| CN105935025A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-09-14 | 湖北长久菌业有限公司 | Cultivation material utilizing paper mulberry to cultivate domestic fungus and cultivation method thereof |
| CN107434524A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 钟建军 | The High Yielding Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus material that a kind of corncob pueraria root residue is configured to |
| CN106431658A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-22 | 长江师范学院 | Oyster mushroom culture medium and oyster mushroom cultivation method |
| CN106800469A (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-06 | 上海市农业科学院 | Plant the compost of flat mushroom in a kind of suitable Tibet Plateau |
| CN107864795A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-03 | 罗成喜 | The compost and cultural method of a kind of elegant precious mushroom |
| CN108812056A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-16 | 西安圣鑫生物科技有限公司 | A kind of nuisanceless edible medicinal gill fungus bacterium production technology of environment-friendly type |
| CN108849239A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-23 | 福建省永春县冠菌现代农业发展有限公司 | Oyster mushroom nutriment production method |
| CN109055335A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-21 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | It is a kind of improve white-rot fungi producing enzyme enzyme activity fermentation medium and its application |
| CN109055335B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2021-11-12 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Fermentation medium for improving enzyme production activity of white rot fungi and application thereof |
| CN112154859A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-01-01 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | Oyster mushroom cultivation material and preparation method thereof |
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