CN103478300A - 一种补钙保健玉米油 - Google Patents
一种补钙保健玉米油 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103478300A CN103478300A CN201310461545.8A CN201310461545A CN103478300A CN 103478300 A CN103478300 A CN 103478300A CN 201310461545 A CN201310461545 A CN 201310461545A CN 103478300 A CN103478300 A CN 103478300A
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Abstract
本发明公开的一种补钙保健玉米油，涉及生物医药技术领域，是由下列原料制备而成：玉米油、玉米籽、茶油、大豆油、豆腐干、茭白、珍珠、松花蛋、香菜、杏脯和鲢鱼肉；其制备方法为：A、鲢鱼肉预处理；B、松花蛋、豆腐干、杏脯预处理；C、茭白预处理；D、珍珠预处理；E、压榨；F、提取一；G、提取二；H、混合；I、除杂；J、水洗；K、精滤；L、混合；具有营养全面、能够补充钙质等特点，作为食用油脂，既适合缺钙人群食用，也适合儿童食用，还适合老年人食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药技术领域，特别是一种补钙保健玉米油。
背景技术
钙是人体最重要的元素之一，参与一切生命活动，有专家说“钙是生命之源，钙是健康之本，钙是长寿之基”。人体中的钙主要是从膳食中补充，当膳食中钙的摄入不足时，体内就会缺钙，缺钙可引起失眠、手足麻木、牙齿松动和老化等症状。目前市场上的补钙保健品种类繁多，如各种钙片等，为临床和患者提供了较多的选择，但由于市场上销售的补钙制品大多不易被人体吸收，造成缺钙人群患结石的几率大大增加。近些年来，出现一些具有补钙功效的食用油脂，如中国专利（申请号为02109203.6）“大豆、花生高钙组合组织蛋白及组合高钙油的生产方法”，其配方如下：大豆20％－80％，花生20％－80％，虾皮3％－10％，骨块0.5％－5％。本发明的工艺过程如下：精选花生仁，脱红衣，精选大豆，精选干虾皮，鲜骨熬制，骨块干燥破碎，组合脱脂脱腥增钙，高钙组合蛋白组织化，液态部分经板框压滤机过滤制成组合高钙食用油；用该发明制成的组合组织蛋白和组合高钙食用油不含黄曲霉素和化学溶剂等任何有害物质，蛋白组织亦未遭高温破坏，可制成营养丰富的素肉食品和口味香纯的食用油，不仅可以满足人们食用和补钙的需求，亦可为人们提供一种组合高钙新型食品。还有中国专利（申请号为201210158389.3）“一种补钙保健茶油”，是由茶油、虾皮和碳酸钙制成，其具体制备方法为：辅料预处理、辅料再处理、辅料混合、混合辅料处理、提取、纯化和过滤；具有营养全面、能够补充钙质等特点，既可适合缺钙人群食用，也可适合儿童食用，还可适合老年人食用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种营养全面、能够补充钙质的玉米油。
本发明所采取的技术方案是发明一种补钙保健玉米油，是由下列原料按重量份的原料制备而成：
其制备方法如下：
A、鲢鱼肉预处理：将上述重量份的鲢鱼肉，放入占鲢鱼肉重量1-1.5倍、由黄酒：食醋：食盐：软水=0.4:2:0.6:2组成的腌渍溶液中，密封12-24小时，过滤；然后将其经人工或绞肉机加工成条状，同时加入占原鲢鱼肉重量5-12%的上述腌渍溶液，再次密封5-12小时，过滤，得腌渍鲢鱼肉；再将腌渍鲢鱼肉放入已煮开的水中，恒温保持5-10min，滤干，再在45-70℃下烘干至水分小于8.0%，得处理鲢鱼肉，备用；
B、松花蛋、豆腐干、杏脯预处理：
a、水煮：将上述重量份的松花蛋去除蛋壳，放入已煮开的水中再煮10-18min，过滤，得水煮松花蛋，备用；
b、酶解：将上述重量份的豆腐干和杏脯以及备用的水煮松花蛋，一起投入打浆机中，同时加入占前述三种原料总重量10-25%的水，制成浆料；再向浆料中加入占前述三种原料总重量0.1-1.2%的蛋白质水解酶（一般采用植物蛋白质水解酶，活力为15万u/g；也可采用其它的蛋白质水解酶）、0.4-0.8%的糖化酶（一般采用葡萄糖淀粉酶，活力为50000u/g；也可采用其它的糖化酶），密封10-18小时，得酶解浆料，备用；
c、洗涤：向备用的酶解浆料中加入占其重量2-5倍、温度为50-80℃的温水，充分搅匀，静置4-8小时，过滤，得滤渣；再将滤渣反复用同等温度的水洗涤2-4次，至无酶残留，得水洗滤渣；再将水洗滤渣在50-85℃干燥至水分小于8.0%，得处理滤渣，备用；
C、茭白预处理：将上述重量份的茭白切片，放入已煮开的水中5-8min，捞出、沥干表面水分，再在55-75℃下烘干至水分≤15.0%，得水煮茭白，备用；
D、珍珠预处理：将上述重量份的珍珠，粉碎成珍珠细粉，过60-80目筛，备用；
E、压榨：将上述重量份的玉米籽、香菜以及备用的水煮茭白、处理鲢鱼肉混合，在0-6℃下经冷压榨处理，收集滤出的液体，得油液一，备用；
F、提取一：将上述重量份的茶油，先加温至50-80℃，再向其中加入备用的珍珠细粉，保持35-55min，接着加入占珍珠细粉重量20-45%、体积浓度为50-65%的醋酸，搅匀，再按5-10℃/min的升温速度将加热至100-115℃，保持10-20min；然后按15-25℃/min的降温速度恢复到常温，过滤，收集油液二，备用；
G、提取二：将上述重量份的玉米油和备用的处理滤渣，投入耐高温振荡器中，先加温至65-75℃,再开启振荡器，控制频率为140-180Hz/min，保持40-60min；然后升温至95-120℃，频率控制为80-100Hz/min，保持10-15min，趁热过滤，收集油液三，备用；
H、混合：将备用的油液一、油液二和油液三投入混合器中，混合均匀，然后，将其在-10℃至4℃低温下冷藏2-6小时；再在0-10℃下经5000-10000转/min的高速离心机离心，收集离心油液，备用；
I、除杂：将备用的离心油液投入浸提罐中，加热至40-65℃，再向其中加入占离心油液重量10-16%的碱性活性炭（一般采用由椰壳制备的碱性活性炭，其PH值为8.5-10；也可采用其它的碱性活性炭），搅拌处理30-60min，过滤；如此反复处理2-3次，得活性炭处理油液，备用；
J、水洗:将备用的活性炭处理油液用2-3倍重量、75-95℃的温水搅拌洗涤，时间为15-25min，然后静置，分离，反复3次，收集上层油溶液，成为水洗油液，备用；
K、精滤：将备用的水洗油液经超临界CO2萃取，控制萃取压力为10-25MPa、温度为40-45℃，收集萃取后的油液，得精滤油液，备用；
L、混合：将备用的精滤油液与上述重量份的大豆油放入混合器混合均匀，即得补钙保健玉米油。
本发明的补钙保健玉米油，采用玉米油（包括玉米籽）为主要原料，辅以茶油、大豆油、豆腐干、茭白、珍珠、松花蛋、香菜、杏脯和鲢鱼肉。玉米油（Zea mays）中的不饱和脂肪酸含量较高，其中亚油酸占55％，油酸占30％，还含有维生素E、维生素A、维生素D、植物甾醇、卵磷脂、辅酶、β-胡萝卜素等营养成分，长期食用对高血压、肥胖症、高血脂、糖尿病、冠心病等患者有益；所含的维生素D对促进人体内钙的吸收作用较大，对儿童骨骼的发育极为有利。茶油（Camellia oleifera Abel）中含有丰富的单不饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸，其单不饱和脂肪酸能提高血液抗氧化能力，降低胆固醇，防止心脑血管疾病的发生，还能降低诸如胰岛素拮抗性糖尿病之类因代谢失调而引起的疾病的出现机率，其不饱和脂肪酸具有“不聚脂”特性，不仅自身不在内脏及皮下沉积，而且能够阻止脂肪沉积等功效。大豆油（Glycine max）中的脂肪酸构成较好，含有丰富的亚油酸，有显著的降低血清胆固醇含量，预防心血管疾病的功效，大豆中还含有多量的维生素E、维生素D以及丰富的卵磷脂，对人体健康均非常有益；另外，大豆油的人体消化吸收率高达98%，所以大豆油也是一种营养价值很高的优良食用油。豆腐干营养丰富，含有大量蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物，还含有钙、磷、铁等多种人体所需的矿物质。茭白[Zizanialatifolia(Griseb.)Stapf]的营养丰富，含糖类、有机氮、脂肪、蛋白质等，还含有赖氨酸等17种氨基酸，其中苏氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸等为人体所必需的氨基酸；茭白的有机氮素以氨基酸状态存在，味道鲜美，营养价值较高，容易为人体所吸收。珍珠[Pteria martensii（Dunker）或Hyriopsis cumingii（Lea）或Cristaria Plicata（Leach）]主要由CaCO3（碳酸钙）、H2O和有机质以及其他物质组成，并含有亮氨酸(Leucine)、蛋氨酸(Methionine)、丙氨酸(Alanine)、甘氨酸(Glycine)、谷氨酸(Glutamic acid)、天门冬氨酸(Aspartic acid)等多种氨基酸；另外，还含有30多种微量元素、牛磺酸、丰富的维生素、肽类；具有安神定惊、明目去翳、解毒生肌等功效，现代研究还表明珍珠在提高人体免疫力、延缓衰老、祛斑美白、补充钙质等方面都具有独特的作用。松花蛋含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、叶酸、胆固醇、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、烟酸、维生素E、钙、磷、钾、钠、碘、镁、铁、锌、硒和铜等营养元素。香菜（Coriandrum sativum L.）内含维生素c、胡萝卜素、维生素b1、b2等，同时还含有丰富的矿物质，如钙、铁、磷、镁等，还含有苹果酸钾等；香菜中含的维生素c的量比普通蔬菜高得多，所含的胡萝卜素要比西红柿、菜豆、黄瓜等高出10倍多。杏脯（Prunus armeniaca）含有维生素A、胡萝卜素、视黄醇、硫胺素、核黄素、尼克酸、维生素C、维生素E(T）等活性物质以及钙、磷、钾、钠、镁、铁、锌、硒、铜、锰和碘等多种微量元素具有健脾消食、生津止渴之功效。鲢鱼肉（）含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪和钙、铁等元素，还含多种氨基酸，如牛碘酸（taurine）、黄嘌呤（xanthine）、ADP、ATP、肌苷（inosine）、肌苷酸（inosine acid）等以及类胡萝卜素（carotenoid）、鸡油菌黄质（canthaxanthin）、异玉蜀黍黄质（isozeaxanthin）、叶黄素（lutein）、薄公英黄质（taraxanthin）等；还含二甲胺（dimethylamine）、甲基胺（methylamine）、异丁基胺（isobutylamine）、乙基胺（ethylamine）、二乙胺（diethylamine）、二十碳五烯酸（eicosapentaenoic acid）、二十二碳六烯酸（docosahexaenoic acid）、核黄素（riboflavin）、硫胺素（thiamin）、烟酸（niacin）、胆甾醇（cholesterol）、三酰甘油（triglyceride）和磷脂（phospholipid）；具有温中益气之功效。
本发明的补钙保健玉米油，以玉米油为溶媒，吸收上述多种原料中的钙质和其它微量元素以及活性物质，使其含有较多的钙质和对人体有益的微量元素以及其它对人体有益的活性物质，因而，其营养比较全面，不仅具有补充钙质的功效，还具有较好的保健作用。
下表是本发明的补钙保健玉米油(100克)的成份检测数据：
从上表数据可以看出，本发明的补钙保健玉米油中，既含有较为丰富的钙质，也含有对人体有益的微量元素以及其它对人体有益的活性物质。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例，对本发明做进一步的说明。下面的说明是以例举的方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。
本实施例的补钙保健玉米油，是由下列原料按重量份的原料制备而成：
其制备方法如下：
A、鲢鱼肉预处理：将上述重量份的鲢鱼肉，放入占鲢鱼肉重量1.5倍、由黄酒：食醋：食盐：软水=0.4:2:0.6:2组成的腌渍溶液中，密封18小时，过滤；然后将其经绞肉机加工成条状，同时加入占原鲢鱼肉重量10%的上述腌渍溶液，再次密封8小时，过滤，得腌渍鲢鱼肉；再将腌渍鲢鱼肉放入已煮开的水中，恒温保持8min，滤干，再在60℃下烘干至水分小于8.0%，得处理鲢鱼肉，备用；
B、松花蛋、豆腐干、杏脯预处理：
a、水煮：将上述重量份的松花蛋去除蛋壳，放入已煮开的水中再煮15min，过滤，得水煮松花蛋，备用；
b、酶解：将上述重量份的豆腐干和杏脯以及备用的水煮松花蛋，一起投入打浆机中，同时加入占前述三种原料总重量20%的水，制成浆料；再向浆料中加入占前述三种原料总重量1.0%的植物蛋白质水解酶（活力为15万u/g）、0.6%的葡萄糖淀粉酶（活力为50000u/g），密封15小时，得酶解浆料，备用；
c、洗涤：向备用的酶解浆料中加入占其重量4倍、温度为70℃的温水，充分搅匀，静置6小时，过滤，得滤渣；再将滤渣反复用同等温度的水洗涤2-4次，至无酶残留，得水洗滤渣；再将水洗滤渣在75℃干燥至水分小于8.0%，得处理滤渣，备用；
C、茭白预处理：将上述重量份的茭白切片，放入已煮开的水中6min，捞出、沥干表面水分（此过程利用草酸易溶于水，先用水煮，使草酸溶于水中，可避免其在后面的加工过程中生成草酸钙），再在65℃下烘干至水分≤15.0%，得水煮茭白，备用；
D、珍珠预处理：将上述重量份的珍珠，粉碎成珍珠细粉，过70目筛，备用；
E、压榨：将上述重量份的玉米籽、香菜以及备用的水煮茭白、处理鲢鱼肉混合，在3℃下经冷压榨处理，收集滤出的液体，得油液一，备用；
F、提取一：将上述重量份的茶油，先加温至70℃，再向其中加入备用的珍珠细粉，保持45min，接着加入占珍珠细粉重量35%、体积浓度为60%的醋酸，搅匀，再按8℃/min的升温速度将加热至110℃，保持15min；然后按20℃/min的降温速度恢复到常温，过滤，收集油液二，备用；
G、提取二：将上述重量份的玉米油和备用的处理滤渣，投入耐高温振荡器中，先加温至70℃,再开启振荡器，控制频率为160Hz/min，保持50min；然后升温至110℃，频率控制为90Hz/min，保持12min，趁热过滤，收集油液三，备用；
H、混合：将备用的油液一、油液二和油液三投入混合器中，混合均匀，然后，将其在0℃低温下冷藏4小时；再在5℃下经5000-10000转/min的高速离心机离心，收集离心油液，备用；
I、除杂：将备用的离心油液投入浸提罐中，加热至55℃，再向其中加入占离心油液重量15%的由椰壳制备的碱性活性炭（其PH值为8.5-10），搅拌处理50min，过滤；如此反复处理2-3次，得活性炭处理油液，备用；
J、水洗:将备用的活性炭处理油液用3倍重量、85℃的温水搅拌洗涤，时间为20min，然后静置，分离，反复3次，收集上层油溶液，成为水洗油液，备用；
K、精滤：将备用的水洗油液经超临界CO2萃取，控制萃取压力为15MPa、温度为40℃，收集萃取后的油液，得精滤油液，备用；
L、混合：将备用的精滤油液与上述重量份的大豆油放入混合器混合均匀，即得补钙保健玉米油。
本发明的补钙保健玉米油，作为食用油脂，既适合缺钙人群食用，也适合儿童食用，还适合老年人食用。
Claims (1)
1.一种补钙保健玉米油，其特征在于是由下列原料按重量份的原料制备而成：
其制备方法如下：
A、鲢鱼肉预处理：将上述重量份的鲢鱼肉，放入占鲢鱼肉重量1-1.5倍、由黄酒：食醋：食盐：软水=0.4:2:0.6:2组成的腌渍溶液中，密封12-24小时，过滤；然后将其加工成条状，同时加入占原鲢鱼肉重量5-12%的上述腌渍溶液，再次密封5-12小时，过滤，得腌渍鲢鱼肉；再将腌渍鲢鱼肉放入已煮开的水中，恒温保持5-10min，滤干，再在45-70℃下烘干至水分小于8.0%，得处理鲢鱼肉，备用；
B、松花蛋、豆腐干、杏脯预处理：
a、水煮：将上述重量份的松花蛋去除蛋壳，放入已煮开的水中再煮10-18min，过滤，得水煮松花蛋，备用；
b、酶解：将上述重量份的豆腐干和杏脯以及备用的水煮松花蛋，一起投入打浆机中，同时加入占前述三种原料总重量10-25%的水，制成浆料；再向浆料中加入占前述三种原料总重量0.1-1.2%的蛋白质水解酶、0.4-0.8%的糖化酶，密封10-18小时，得酶解浆料，备用；
c、洗涤：向备用的酶解浆料中加入占其重量2-5倍、温度为50-80℃的温水，充分搅匀，静置4-8小时，过滤，得滤渣；再将滤渣反复用同等温度的水洗涤2-4次，至无酶残留，得水洗滤渣；再将水洗滤渣在50-85℃干燥至水分小于8.0%，得处理滤渣，备用；
C、茭白预处理：将上述重量份的茭白切片，放入已煮开的水中5-8min，捞出、沥干表面水分，再在55-75℃下烘干至水分≤15.0%，得水煮茭白，备用；
D、珍珠预处理：将上述重量份的珍珠，粉碎成珍珠细粉，过60-80目筛，备用；
E、压榨：将上述重量份的玉米籽、香菜以及备用的水煮茭白、处理鲢鱼肉混合，在0-6℃下经冷压榨处理，收集滤出的液体，得油液一，备用；
F、提取一：将上述重量份的茶油，先加温至50-80℃，再向其中加入备用的珍珠细粉，保持35-55min，接着加入占珍珠细粉重量20-45%、体积浓度为50-65%的醋酸，搅匀，再按5-10℃/min的升温速度将加热至100-115℃，保持10-20min；然后按15-25℃/min的降温速度恢复到常温，过滤，收集油液二，备用；
G、提取二：将上述重量份的玉米油和备用的处理滤渣，投入耐高温振荡器中，先加温至65-75℃,再开启振荡器，控制频率为140-180Hz/min，保持40-60min；然后升温至95-120℃，频率控制为80-100Hz/min，保持10-15min，趁热过滤，收集油液三，备用；
H、混合：将备用的油液一、油液二和油液三投入混合器中，混合均匀，然后，将其在-10℃至4℃低温下冷藏2-6小时；再在0-10℃下经5000-10000转/min的高速离心机离心，收集离心油液，备用；
I、除杂：将备用的离心油液投入浸提罐中，加热至40-65℃，再向其中加入占离心油液重量10-16%的碱性活性炭，搅拌处理30-60min，过滤；如此反复处理2-3次，得活性炭处理油液，备用；
J、水洗:将备用的活性炭处理油液用2-3倍重量、75-95℃的温水搅拌洗涤，时间为15-25min，然后静置，分离，反复3次，收集上层油溶液，成为水洗油液，备用；
K、精滤：将备用的水洗油液经超临界CO2萃取，收集萃取后的油液，得精滤油液，备用；
L、混合：将备用的精滤油液与上述重量份的大豆油放入混合器混合均匀，即得补钙保健玉米油。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104365872A (zh) * | 2014-11-08 | 2015-02-25 | 全椒县尹氏油脂有限公司 | 一种补锌高钙玉米油及制备工艺 |
| CN106306116A (zh) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 桐城市放牛娃家庭农场有限公司 | 一种补肾菜籽油及其制备方法 |
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