CN103461545B - 一种补钙保健菜籽油 - Google Patents
一种补钙保健菜籽油 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103461545B CN103461545B CN201310461668.1A CN201310461668A CN103461545B CN 103461545 B CN103461545 B CN 103461545B CN 201310461668 A CN201310461668 A CN 201310461668A CN 103461545 B CN103461545 B CN 103461545B
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- oil
- cartilage
- rapeseed oil
- oyster meat
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Abstract
本发明公开的一种补钙保健菜籽油,涉及生物医药技术领域,是由下列原料制备而成:菜籽油、油菜籽、茶油、核桃油、玉米油、蚕豆、牡蛎、鲨鱼软骨、枇杷籽、高粱和葡萄干;其具体制备方法为:A、牡蛎预和茶油处理;B、鲨鱼软骨预处理;C、枇杷籽预处理;D、压榨;E、碱洗;F、水洗;G、精滤;H、混合;I、冷冻。具有营养全面、能够补充钙质等特点,作为食用油脂,既适合缺钙人群食用,也适合儿童食用,还适合老年人食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药技术领域,特别是一种补钙保健菜籽油。
背景技术
钙是人体最重要的元素之一,参与一切生命活动,有专家说“钙是生命之源,钙是健康之本,钙是长寿之基”。人体中的钙主要是从膳食中补充,当膳食中钙的摄入不足时,体内就会缺钙,缺钙可引起失眠、手足麻木、牙齿松动和老化等症状。目前市场上的补钙保健品种类繁多,如各种钙片等,为临床和患者提供了较多的选择,但由于市场上销售的补钙制品大多不易被人体吸收,造成缺钙人群患结石的几率大大增加。近些年来,出现一些具有补钙功效的食用油脂,如中国专利(申请号为02109203.6)“大豆、花生高钙组合组织蛋白及组合高钙油的生产方法”,其配方如下:大豆20%-80%,花生20%-80%,虾皮3%-10%,骨块0.5%-5%。本发明的工艺过程如下:精选花生仁,脱红衣,精选大豆,精选干虾皮,鲜骨熬制,骨块干燥破碎,组合脱脂脱腥增钙,高钙组合蛋白组织化,液态部分经板框压滤机过滤制成组合高钙食用油;用该发明制成的组合组织蛋白和组合高钙食用油不含黄曲霉素和化学溶剂等任何有害物质,蛋白组织亦未遭高温破坏,可制成营养丰富的素肉食品和口味香纯的食用油,不仅可以满足人们食用和补钙的需求,亦可为人们提供一种组合高钙新型食品。还有中国专利(申请号为201210158389.3)“一种补钙保健茶油”,是由茶油、虾皮和碳酸钙制成,其具体制备方法为:辅料预处理、辅料再处理、辅料混合、混合辅料处理、提取、纯化和过滤;具有营养全面、能够补充钙质等特点,既可适合缺钙人群食用,也可适合儿童食用,还可适合老年人食用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种营养全面、能够补充钙质的菜籽油。
本发明所采取的技术方案是发明一种补钙保健菜籽油,是由下列原料按重量份的原料制备而成:
其具体制备方法如下:
A、牡蛎和茶油预处理:
a、浸泡:将上述重量份的牡蛎肉埋于燃烧后的茶壳灰中,保持温度在28-38℃,时间为1-2天;然后取出,用水洗净残留的茶壳灰,再投入同等重量的生姜汁中,浸泡40-80min,成为姜汁牡蛎肉;接着,将姜汁牡蛎肉转投入同等重量、体积浓度为5-10%的醋酸溶液中,浸泡1-3天,用水洗净,得浸泡牡蛎肉,备用;
b、提取:将备用的浸泡牡蛎肉投入沸水中,煮15-35min,过滤;再将经过煮的浸泡牡蛎肉经挤压机处理成肉浆,得牡蛎肉浆,备用;
c、脱水:将上述重量份的茶油加热至60-80℃,再把备用的牡蛎肉浆放入茶油中,边加边搅,处理35-50min;接着,按照15-20℃/min的升温速度,将茶油加热至110-135℃,处理10-15min,过滤,分别得处理茶油和处理牡蛎肉浆,备用;
d、干燥:将备用的处理牡蛎肉浆在60-95℃干燥至水分≤5.0%,成为处理牡蛎肉,备用;
B、鲨鱼软骨预处理:
a、盐腌:按0.4-1.0g/cm2的比例,将食盐撒入上述重量份的鲨鱼软骨表面,密封5-15小时,得盐渍鲨鱼软骨,备用;
b、浸泡:将备用的盐渍鲨鱼软骨用水洗涤1-4次,再将其放入1-3倍重量的食用醋中,先在常温常压下浸泡3-5小时,再按3-7℃/min的速度升温至50-75℃,浸泡20-40min,过滤,得食醋处理软骨,备用;
c、破碎:将备用的食醋处理软骨破碎成大小均一的块状软骨,备用;
d、水煮:将备用的块状软骨投入1-2倍重量的沸水中,同时向水中加入占块状软骨重量1.2-2.5%的硬脂酸、0.5-1.5%的磷酸、0.2-0.4%的盐酸,浸提30-50min,过滤,留软骨;再向所留的软骨中加入同等重量的沸水,浸提10-15min,过滤,得水处理软骨,备用;所述磷酸的体积浓度为4-10%、盐酸的体积浓度为12-16%;
e、干燥:将备用的水处理软骨在60-95℃干燥至水分≤10.0%,成为处理软骨,备用;
C、枇杷籽预处理:
a、破碎:将上述重量份的枇杷籽破碎,过30-50目筛,得枇杷籽碎粒,备用;
b、石灰处理:向备用的枇杷籽碎粒中加入占其重量12-20%的石灰,混匀,然后放置在秋季的太阳底下晒1-3小时;接着用软水洗涤至无石灰残留,再在60-70℃下干燥至水分≤5.0%,得处理枇杷籽,备用;
D、压榨:将上述重量份的油菜籽、蚕豆、高粱、葡萄干以及备用的的处理牡蛎肉、处理软骨、处理枇杷籽混合均匀,在-4~4℃经低温冷压榨处理,收集压榨出的油液,得粗菜籽油,备用;
E、碱洗:将备用的粗菜籽油投入到2-6倍量、浓度为0.5-3.5%的碳酸氢钠水溶液中,搅拌均匀,静置30-60min,分离,收集上层油溶液,成为碱洗菜籽油,备用;
F、水洗:将备用的碱洗菜籽油用2-3倍重量、40-70℃的温水洗涤,搅拌均匀,静置15-25min,分离,反复3次,收集上层油溶液,成为水洗菜籽油,备用;
G、精滤:将备用的水洗菜籽油经超临界CO2萃取,控制压力为15.0-20.0MPa、温度为40-50℃,收集萃取后的精滤菜籽油,备用;
H、混合:将上述重量份的菜籽油、核桃油、玉米油以及备用的精滤菜籽油和处理茶油,一起投入混合器中,混匀,得混合菜籽油,备用;
I、冷冻:将备用的混合菜籽油在-15~0℃下冷藏6-14小时;再将其在-4~0℃经5000-10000转/min的高速离心机离心,收集离心油液,即得补钙保健菜籽油。
本发明的补钙保健菜籽油,采用菜籽油(包括油菜籽)为主要原料,辅以茶油、核桃油、玉米油、蚕豆、牡蛎肉、鲨鱼软骨、枇杷籽、高粱和葡萄干。菜籽(Rapeseed或Brassica napus)油中含有花生酸、油酸、亚油酸、芥酸和亚麻,从营养价值方面看,人体对菜籽油消化吸收率可高达99%,并且有利胆功能;菜籽油的胆固醇很少或几乎不含,所以怕胆固醇的人可以放心食用。茶油(Camellia oleifera Abel)中含有丰富的单不饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸,其单不饱和脂肪酸能提高血液抗氧化能力,降低胆固醇,防止心脑血管疾病的发生,还能降低诸如胰岛素拮抗性糖尿病之类因代谢失调而引起的疾病的出现机率,其不饱和脂肪酸具有“不聚脂”特性,不仅自身不在内脏及皮下沉积,而且能够阻止脂肪沉积等功效。核桃(Juglans regia L.)油新鲜纯正、营养丰富、口感清淡,其脂肪酸组态近似母乳,易被消化吸收,是儿童发育期,女性妊娠期及产后康复的高级保健食用油;核桃油中的不饱和脂肪酸含量≥92%,亚油酸Ω-6≥56%、亚麻酸Ω-3≥14%,且富含天然VA、VD等营养物质;具有强身健体、滋润皮肤、美容养颜、秀美护发、健脑养脑、预防心脑血管疾病、提高内分泌系统功能和对骨骼系统补钙等作用;核桃油中的天然抗氧化剂和ω-3脂肪酸有助于人体对矿物质的吸收如钙、磷、锌等,可以促进骨骼生长,保持骨密度。玉米(Zea mays)油中的不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,其中亚油酸占55%,油酸占30%,还含有维生素E、维生素A、维生素D、植物甾醇、卵磷脂、辅酶、β-胡萝卜素等营养成分,长期食用对高血压、肥胖症、高血脂、糖尿病、冠心病等患者有益;所含的维生素D对促进人体内钙的吸收作用较大,对儿童骨骼的发育极为有利。蚕豆(Vicia fabaLinn)含有较多的蛋白质和叶酸、维生素A、维生素K、胡萝卜素、硫胺素、核黄素、尼克酸、维生素C、维生素E等活性生物物质以及钙、磷、钾、钠、镁、铁、锌、硒等多种微量元素,具有健脑、降低胆固醇、预防心血管疾病、益气健脾、利湿消肿、延缓动脉硬化、促进骨骼生长和防癌抗癌等作用。牡蛎(ostrea gigas thunberg)肉含糖原、牛磺酸、10种人体必需的氨基酸、谷胱甘肽、维生素A、B1、B2、D以及无机质如铜、锌、锰、钡、磷及钙等,其中亮氨酸、精氨酸、瓜氨酸的含量最丰富,是迄今为止人类所发现的含量最高的海洋物种之一;具有重镇安神、潜阳补阴、软坚散结、收敛固涩等功效。鲨鱼软骨,俗称鱼脑,其主要成分为蛋白质和软骨素硫酸盐;具有补肺养阴、止肺虚性咳嗽、减少肺气病变、补虚养胃、止胃寒性、滋阴调中等功效,尤其是鲨鱼软骨素具有抑制新血管增生、抑制恶性肿瘤部位上皮细胞的增生及转移及抑制体内胶原蛋白酵素的作用,有助于抗癌。枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica)籽含苦杏仁甙、蜡醇、氨基酸、脂肪酸和甾醇,具有化痰止咳、疏肝理气之功效。高粱[(Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench)]含有较多的钙、磷、铁等微量元素,还含有硫胺素、核黄素和尼克酸等活性物质。葡萄(Vitis vinifera L.)干中的铁和钙含量十分丰富,是儿童、妇女及体弱贫血者的滋补佳品,可补血气、暖肾,治疗贫血,血小板减少;其内含大量葡萄糖,对心肌有营养作用,有助于冠心病患者的康复;还含有多种矿物质和维生素、氨基酸,常食对神经衰弱和过度疲劳者有较好的补益作用,还是妇女病的食疗佳品。
本发明的补钙保健菜籽油,以菜籽油为溶媒,吸收上述多种原料中的钙质和其它微量元素以及活性物质,使其含有较多的钙质和对人体有益的微量元素以及其它对人体有益的活性物质,因而,其营养比较全面,不仅具有补充钙质的功效,还具有较好的保健作用。
下表是本发明的补钙保健菜籽油(100克)的成份检测数据:
从上表数据可以看出,本发明的补钙保健菜籽油中,既含有较为丰富的钙质,也含有对人体有益的微量元素以及其它对人体有益的活性物质。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例,对本发明做进一步的说明。下面的说明是以例举的方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。
本发明的补钙保健菜籽油,是由下列原料按重量份的原料制备而成:
其具体制备方法如下:
A、牡蛎和茶油预处理:
a、浸泡:将备用的牡蛎肉埋于燃烧后的茶壳灰中,保持温度在30℃,时间为2天;然后取出,用水洗净残留的茶壳灰,再投入同等重量的新鲜生姜汁中,浸泡60min,成为姜汁牡蛎肉;接着,将姜汁牡蛎肉转投入同等重量、体积浓度为8%的醋酸溶液中,浸泡2天,用水洗净,得浸泡牡蛎肉,备用;
b、提取:将备用的浸泡牡蛎肉投入沸水中,煮25min,过滤;再将经过煮的浸泡牡蛎肉经挤压机处理成肉浆,得牡蛎肉浆,备用;
c、脱水:将上述重量份的茶油加热至70℃,再把备用的牡蛎肉浆放入茶油中,边加边搅,处理40min;接着,按照40℃/min的升温速度,将茶油加热至120℃,处理12min,过滤,分别得处理茶油和处理牡蛎肉浆,备用;
d、干燥:将备用的处理牡蛎肉浆在75℃下干燥至水分≤5.0%,成为处理牡蛎肉,备用;
B、鲨鱼软骨预处理:
a、盐腌:按0.6g/cm2的比例,将食盐撒入上述重量份的鲨鱼软骨表面,密封10小时,得盐渍鲨鱼软骨,备用;
b、浸泡:将备用的盐渍鲨鱼软骨用水洗涤3次,再将其放入2倍重量的食用醋(市售食用醋)中,先在常温常压下浸泡4小时,再按5℃/min的速度升温至65℃,浸泡30min,过滤,得食醋处理软骨,备用;
c、破碎:将备用的食醋处理软骨破碎成1.5×3.5cm大小的块状软骨,备用;
d、水煮:将备用的块状软骨投入2倍重量的沸水中,同时向水中加入占块状软骨重量2%的硬脂酸、1%的磷酸,浸提40min,过滤,留软骨;再向所留的软骨中加入同等重量的沸水,浸提12min,过滤,得水处理软骨,备用;所用磷酸的体积浓度为6.0%、盐酸的体积浓度为15%;
e、干燥:将备用的水处理软骨在75℃干燥至水分≤10.0%,成为处理软骨,备用;
C、枇杷籽预处理:
a、破碎:将上述重量份的枇杷籽破碎,过40目筛,得枇杷籽碎粒,备用;
b、石灰处理:向备用的枇杷籽碎粒中加入占其重量12-20%的石灰,混匀,然后放置在秋季的太阳底下晒2小时(利用秋季上午或中午或下午的太阳来晒,既可除去其所含的酸性杂质,同时,由于天气干燥,水分或温度易散,鞣质等杂质不易变性,还可防止反应造成的局部高温对物料的影响);接着用软水洗涤至无石灰残留,再将枇杷籽转移至烘箱中,在60℃下干燥至水分≤5.0%,得处理枇杷籽,备用;
D、压榨:将上述重量份的油菜籽、蚕豆、高粱、葡萄干以及备用的的牡蛎肉干、水处理软骨、处理枇杷籽混合均匀,在0℃经低温冷压榨处理,收集压榨出的油液,得粗菜籽油,备用;
E、碱洗:将备用的粗菜籽油投入到4倍量、浓度为2.5%的碳酸氢钠水溶液中,搅拌均匀,静置50min,分离,收集上层油溶液,成为碱洗菜籽油,备用;
F、水洗:将备用的碱洗菜籽油用2.5倍重量、60℃的温水洗涤,搅拌均匀,静置20min,分离,反复3次,收集上层油溶液,成为水洗菜籽油,备用;
G、精滤:将备用的水洗菜籽油经超临界CO2萃取,控制压力为18MPa、温度为40℃,收集萃取后的精滤菜籽油,备用;
H、混合:将上述重量份的菜籽油、核桃油、玉米油以及备用的精滤菜籽油和处理茶油,一起投入混合器中,混匀,得混合菜籽油,备用;
I、冷冻:将备用的混合菜籽油在-10℃下冷藏10小时;再将其在-2℃经5000-10000转/min的高速离心机离心,收集离心油液,即得补钙保健菜籽油。
本发明的补钙保健菜籽油,既适合缺钙人群食用,也适合儿童食用,还适合老年人食用。
Claims (1)
1.一种补钙保健菜籽油,其特征在于是由下列按重量份的原料制备而成:
其具体制备方法如下:
A、牡蛎和茶油预处理:
a、浸泡:将上述重量份的牡蛎肉埋于燃烧后的茶壳灰中,保持温度在28-38℃,时间为1-2天;然后取出,用水洗净残留的茶壳灰,再投入同等重量的生姜汁中,浸泡40-80min,成为姜汁牡蛎肉;接着,将姜汁牡蛎肉转投入同等重量、体积浓度为5-10%的醋酸溶液中,浸泡1-3天,用水洗净,得浸泡牡蛎肉,备用;
b、提取:将备用的浸泡牡蛎肉投入沸水中,煮15-35min,过滤;再将经过煮的浸泡牡蛎肉经挤压机处理成肉浆,得牡蛎肉浆,备用;
c、脱水:将上述重量份的茶油加热至60-80℃,再把备用的牡蛎肉浆放入茶油中,边加边搅,处理35-50min;接着,按照15-20℃/min的升温速度,将茶油加热至110-135℃,处理10-15min,过滤,分别得处理茶油和处理牡蛎肉浆,备用;
d、干燥:将备用的处理牡蛎肉浆在60-95℃干燥至水分≤5.0%,成为处理牡蛎肉,备用;
B、鲨鱼软骨预处理:
a、盐腌:按0.4-1.0g/cm2的比例,将食盐撒入上述重量份的鲨鱼软骨表面,密封5-15小时,得盐渍鲨鱼软骨,备用;
b、浸泡:将备用的盐渍鲨鱼软骨用水洗涤1-4次,再将其放入1-3倍重量的食用醋中,先在常温常压下浸泡3-5小时,再按3-7℃/min的速度升温至50-75℃,浸泡20-40min,过滤,得食醋处理软骨,备用;
c、破碎:将备用的食醋处理软骨破碎成大小均一的块状软骨,备用;
d、水煮:将备用的块状软骨投入1-2倍重量的沸水中,同时向水中加入占块状软骨重量1.2-2.5%的硬脂酸、0.5-1.5%的磷酸、0.2-0.4%的盐酸,浸提30-50min,过滤,留软骨;再向所留的软骨中加入同等重量的沸水,浸提10-15min,过滤,得水处理软骨,备用;所述磷酸的体积浓度为4-10%、盐酸的体积浓度为12-16%;
e、干燥:将备用的水处理软骨在60-95℃干燥至水分≤10.0%,成为处理软骨,备用;
C、枇杷籽预处理:
a、破碎:将上述重量份的枇杷籽破碎,过30-50目筛,得枇杷籽碎粒,备用;
b、石灰处理:向备用的枇杷籽碎粒中加入占其重量12-20%的石灰,混匀,然后放置在秋季的太阳底下晒1-3小时;接着用软水洗涤至无石灰残留,再在60-70℃下干燥至水分≤5.0%,得处理枇杷籽,备用;
D、压榨:将上述重量份的油菜籽、蚕豆、高粱、葡萄干以及备用的的处理牡蛎肉、处理软骨、处理枇杷籽混合均匀,在-4~4℃经低温冷压榨处理,收集压榨出的油液,得粗菜籽油,备用;
E、碱洗:将备用的粗菜籽油投入到2-6倍量、浓度为0.5-3.5%的碳酸氢钠水溶液中,搅拌均匀,静置30-60min,分离,收集上层油溶液,成为碱洗菜籽油,备用;
F、水洗:将备用的碱洗菜籽油用2-3倍重量、40-70℃的温水洗涤,搅拌均匀,静置15-25min,分离,反复3次,收集上层油溶液,成为水洗菜籽油,备用;
G、精滤:将备用的水洗菜籽油经超临界CO2萃取,控制压力为15.0-20.0MPa、温度为40-50℃,收集萃取后的精滤菜籽油,备用;
H、混合:将上述重量份的菜籽油、核桃油、玉米油以及备用的精滤菜籽油和处理茶油,一起投入混合器中,混匀,得混合菜籽油,备用;
I、冷冻:将备用的混合菜籽油在-15~0℃下冷藏6-14小时;再将其在-4~0℃经5000-10000转/min的高速离心机离心,收集离心油液,即得补钙保健菜籽油。
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