CN103451129A - Fermentation bacteria agent and fermentation method of excrements of livestock and poultry - Google Patents
Fermentation bacteria agent and fermentation method of excrements of livestock and poultry Download PDFInfo
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- CN103451129A CN103451129A CN2013102984087A CN201310298408A CN103451129A CN 103451129 A CN103451129 A CN 103451129A CN 2013102984087 A CN2013102984087 A CN 2013102984087A CN 201310298408 A CN201310298408 A CN 201310298408A CN 103451129 A CN103451129 A CN 103451129A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fermentation bacteria agent and a fermentation method of excrements of livestock and poultry. The fermentation bacteria agent of the excrements of livestock and poultry has the living bacteria concentration of more than or equal to 2 billion/ ml in the bacteria liquid; the living bacteria comprise the components in percentage based on number: 15-25% of low-temperature fermentation bacteria, 25-35% of medium-temperature fermentation bacteria and 45-55% of high-temperature fermentation bacteria. The fermentation bacteria agent is high in living bacteria content; the principle that different fermentation bacteria are started for fermentation at different temperatures when the low-temperature fermentation bacteria, the medium-temperature fermentation bacteria and the high-temperature fermentation bacteria are matched in different proportions is adopted, and aerobic fermentation is combined with anaerobic fermentation, so that equipment are not needed in the development and fermentation process, and the bacteria agent which can ferment under the natural conditions can be obtained. Compared with the prior art, the fermentation bacteria agent not only is rapid in fermentation speed so as to reduce the loss of nutrient substances of the excrements in the fermentation process, but also can dry the excrements by the temperature generated by fermentation, thus saving the energy consumption, and being low in cost, simple to operate and easy to popularize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of microorganism fermentation, relate in particular to a kind of fermenting agent and fermentation process of feces of livestock and poultry.
Background technology
The fast development of modern farming for the peasant, create considerable economic benefit simultaneously also band serve the environmental problem of puzzlement.A large amount of feces of livestock and poultry untreated feces of livestock and poultry severe contamination in heaps underground water, surface water, soil, farm crop etc., affects near the resident's of plant living environment, health is caused to some potential harm simultaneously.Therefore, rationally utilize feces of livestock and poultry both can change the situation of environmental pollution, can effectively utilize resource again, for agricultural provides concentrated fertilizer.Utilize microbiobacterial agent fermentative processing feces of livestock and poultry most convenient feasible be composting technology, yet, the composting process fermentation time is long, manure fermentation is made the common making method of fertilizer for allowing its natural packing fermentation 5～6 months, make feed and also take 20 days or about one month, stink distributes like this, not only contaminate environment but also cause nutrient to run off in a large number.Manure fermentation is made fertilizer a lot of methods, as expanded as aerobic fermentation, anaerobically fermenting, quick fermentation, High Temperature High Pressure vacuum-drying, heat spray etc., but majority operation program complexity, equipment cost is high, be affected by the external environment large, be applicable to the application of large-scale plant, a lot of middle-size and small-size plants can't apply.
Chinese patent literature CN1605579A discloses a kind of fast microbiological fermenting agent of chicken manure.This microorganism fermenting agent is that viride, actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacterium mix; By thermophilic microorganism and high temperature bud pole bacterium, mixed; By yeast and lichens bud robe bacillus, mixed.A kind of compound microorganism ferments microbial inoculum, preparation method and the application in the solid waste of processing the livestock and poultry breeding industry generation thereof.Chinese patent literature CN1511940A discloses a kind of compound microorganism ferments microbial inoculum, this fermenting agent is by bud pole bacterium, form without bud pole bacterium, yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacterium, filamentous fungus and milk-acid bacteria, seven kinds of microorganisms are respectively through first order seed cultivation, secondary multiplication culture, single solid-state microorganism fermenting agent system after each, by each solid-state single and microorganism fermenting agent evenly mixing according to a certain percentage, make the compound microorganism ferments microbial inoculum.
Existing fermenting agent fermenting speed is slow, and fermentation operation complexity and cost are high.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of fermenting agent of feces of livestock and poultry, the fermenting speed of this fermenting agent is fast, fermentation operation is simple, cost is low.
A kind of fermenting agent of feces of livestock and poultry, viable bacteria concentration >=2,000,000,000 in the bacterium liquid of described fermenting agent/ml; With the number percentage calculation of viable bacteria, described viable bacteria is comprised of 15～25% low temperature fermentation bacterium, 25～35% mesophilic digestion bacterium, 45～55% thermophilic fermentation bacterium bacterium.
Wherein, described viable bacteria is comprised of 20% low temperature fermentation bacterium, 30% mesophilic digestion bacterium, 50% thermophilic fermentation bacterium bacterium.
Wherein, described low temperature fermentation bacterium is yeast and/or short shape bacillus.
Wherein, described mesophilic digestion bacterium is milk-acid bacteria and/or actinomycetes.
Wherein, described thermophilic fermentation bacterium is genus bacillus and/or vinelandii.
Wherein, described viable bacteria concentration is 20～3,000,000,000/ml.
Above-mentioned low temperature fermentation bacterium is defined as leavening temperature at the fermented bacterium of 5 ℃～35 ℃; The mesophilic digestion bacterium is defined as leavening temperature at the fermented bacterium of 35 ℃～55 ℃; The thermophilic fermentation bacterium is defined as leavening temperature at the fermented bacterium of 55 ℃～70 ℃.Above-mentioned fermenting agent also contains more zymogenic meta-bolitess, as Mierocrystalline cellulose, lytic enzyme, proteolytic enzyme, solution peptase, amylase, protein, starch.
The present invention also provides a kind of fermentation process of feces of livestock and poultry, and the fermenting speed of this fermenting agent is fast, fermentation operation is simple, cost is low.
A kind of method of above-mentioned fermenting agent to livestock manure fermented that adopt comprises the following steps:
(1) after the fermenting agent of dilute with water is added to the feces of livestock and poultry that water content is 40～50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg fermenting agent and fully mixes, feces of livestock and poultry is piled to dunghill, be placed in the environment that is not less than 4.5 ℃;
(2) when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40～45 ℃, every 24 hours, dunghill is carried out to turning, the number of times of described turning is at least twice;
(3) be reduced to when being no more than 30wt% and temperature and reaching 65～70 ℃ until the moisture of dunghill, complete fermenting process and obtain tunning.
Wherein, the described number of times of step (2) is 2～5 times.
Wherein, the described dunghill of step (1) is high is 50～80cm, dunghill be shaped as taper.
The viable count content of fermenting agent of the present invention is high, pressing different ratios by low temperature fermentation bacterium, mesophilic digestion bacterium, thermophilic fermentation bacterium coordinates, in differing temps, the different fermentations bacterium starts the principle of fermentation, aerobic fermentation and anaerobically fermenting combination simultaneously, the development fermenting process does not need any equipment, the microbial inoculum that just can ferment under natural condition.Compared with prior art, this fermenting agent not only fermenting speed reduces the loss of the nutritive substance of ight soil in fermenting process soon with reduction, and can produce temperature oven dry ight soil by fermentation, saves energy consumption, with low cost, simple to operate, is easy to promote.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.Be understandable that, specific embodiment described herein is only for explaining the present invention, but not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 15% yeast, 35% milk-acid bacteria, 50% genus bacillus.After the fermenting agent of 10 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 40wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 50cm is high, be placed in the environment of 15.6 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 2 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 65 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,500,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 20% short shape bacillus, 30% actinomycetes, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 55 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 45wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 60cm is high, be placed in the environment of 24.5 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 42.5 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 3 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 67.5 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 3,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 25% short shape bacillus, 30% milk-acid bacteria, 45% vinelandii.
After the fermenting agent of 100 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 80cm is high, be placed in the environment of 4.9 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 45 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 4 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 70 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,300,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 20% short shape bacillus, 25% milk-acid bacteria, 55% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 25 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 43wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 65cm is high, be placed in the environment of 15.6 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 43.5 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 5 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 66.5 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 20% yeast, 30% milk-acid bacteria, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 30 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 40wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 70cm is high, be placed in the environment of 24.5 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 2 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 65 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Embodiment 6
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 3,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 25% short shape bacillus, 30% milk-acid bacteria, 45% vinelandii.
After the fermenting agent of 40 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 60cm is high, be placed in the environment of 4.9 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 45 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 3 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 70 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 1
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% yeast, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 10 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 40wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 50cm is high, be placed in the environment of 15.6 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 2 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 65 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 2
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% yeast, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 10 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 40wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 50cm is high, be placed in the environment of 15.6 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 2 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 65 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 3
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 10 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 40wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 50cm is high, be placed in the environment of 15.6 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 2 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 65 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 4
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,500,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% short shape bacillus, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 55 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 45wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 60cm is high, be placed in the environment of 24.5 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 42.5 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 3 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 67.5 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 5
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,500,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% actinomycetes, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 55 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 45wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 60cm is high, be placed in the environment of 24.5 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 42.5 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 3 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 67.5 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 6
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,500,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 55 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 45wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 60cm is high, be placed in the environment of 24.5 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 42.5 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 3 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 67.5 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 7
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 3,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% short shape bacillus, 50% vinelandii.
After the fermenting agent of 100 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 80cm is high, be placed in the environment of 4.9 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 45 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 4 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 70 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 8
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 3,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% milk-acid bacteria, 50% vinelandii.
After the fermenting agent of 100 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 80cm is high, be placed in the environment of 4.9 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 45 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 4 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 70 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 9
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 3,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is vinelandii.
After the fermenting agent of 100 times of dilute with waters is added to the chicken manure that water content is 50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, chicken manure is piled to the dunghill that 80cm is high, be placed in the environment of 4.9 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 45 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 4 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 70 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 10
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,300,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% short shape bacillus, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 25 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 43wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 65cm is high, be placed in the environment of 15.6 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 43.5 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 5 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 66.5 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 11
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,300,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% milk-acid bacteria, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 25 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 43wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 65cm is high, be placed in the environment of 15.6 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 43.5 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 5 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 66.5 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 12
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,300,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is that genus bacillus forms.
After the fermenting agent of 25 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 43wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 65cm is high, be placed in the environment of 15.6 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 43.5 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 5 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 66.5 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 13
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% yeast, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 30 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 40wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 70cm is high, be placed in the environment of 24.5 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 2 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 65 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 14
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% milk-acid bacteria, 50% genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 30 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 40wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 70cm is high, be placed in the environment of 24.5 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 2 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 65 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 15
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 2,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is genus bacillus.
After the fermenting agent of 30 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 40wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 70cm is high, be placed in the environment of 24.5 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 2 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 65 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 16
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 3,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% short shape bacillus, 50% vinelandii.
After the fermenting agent of 40 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 60cm is high, be placed in the environment of 4.9 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 45 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 3 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 70 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 17
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 3,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is comprised of 50% milk-acid bacteria, 50% vinelandii.
After the fermenting agent of 40 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 60cm is high, be placed in the environment of 4.9 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 45 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 3 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 70 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Comparative Examples 18
Viable bacteria concentration in the bacterium liquid of fermenting agent is 3,000,000,000/ml.With the percentage calculation of total number of viable bacteria, the microorganism in bacterium liquid is that vinelandii form.
After the fermenting agent of 40 times of dilute with waters is added to the pig manure that water content is 50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg starter and fully mixes, pig manure is piled to the dunghill that 60cm is high, be placed in the environment of 4.9 ℃.Then when the temperature of dunghill reaches 45 ℃, every 1d, dunghill is carried out to turning, turning is 3 times altogether, again piles good rear dry hessian cloth or the coarse cloth of covering after each turning.Finally, when the moisture of dunghill is reduced to 30wt% and temperature and reaches 70 ℃, complete fermenting process and obtain the tunning fertilizer.
Dunghill temperature in fermenting process in embodiment 1～6 and Comparative Examples 1～18 is reached respectively to the time that 35 ℃, 45 ℃, 55 ℃, 70 ℃ required times and moisture content reach below 30% is tested, institute's test result, according to the classification of type of three kinds of different envrionment temperatures and dunghill, the results are shown in Table 1～6.Data in this table are carried out to the significance level check.Be worth interpretation, the P occurred hereinafter represents the probability that justice is set up for null hypothesis, and footmark " A ", " B ", " C ", " D " mean difference extremely significantly (being P<0.01).The detailed process of checking in view of the significance level of test has been the common practise of this area, just repeats no more in this example.
Table 1 is in 15.6 ℃ of lower chicken manure fermenting results of outside temperature
As can be seen from Table 1, the four kinds of equal energy of starter fermentation poultry dungs, 1 used time of embodiment is minimum.Fermentation to 35 ℃ used time embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples 1 between difference not significantly (P>0.05), and difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between Comparative Examples 2, Comparative Examples 3; Fermentation to 45 ℃ used time embodiment 1 difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between other, difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each example; Fermentation to 55 ℃ used time embodiment 1 difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) respectively and between Comparative Examples, difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each example; Fermentation to 70 ℃ used time embodiment 1 difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) respectively and between other Comparative Examples, difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each example; Moisture reach 30% following time embodiment 1 and other Comparative Examples between between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each example.
Table 2 is in 24.5 ℃ of lower chicken manure fermenting results of outside temperature
As can be seen from Table 2, starter all can fermentation poultry dung in 4, and 2 used times of embodiment are minimum.Difference not significantly (P>0.05) between fermentation to 35 ℃ used time embodiment 2, Comparative Examples 4, difference extremely remarkable (P<0.01) between embodiment 2 and Comparative Examples 5,6; Fermentation to 45 ℃ used time embodiment 2 and other Comparative Examples between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each example; Fermentation to 55 ℃ used time embodiment 2 and other Comparative Examples between between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each example; Fermentation to 70 ℃ used time embodiment 2 and other Comparative Examples between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each example; Moisture reach 30% following time embodiment 2 and other Comparative Examples between between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each example.
Table 3 is in 4.9 ℃ of lower chicken manure fermenting results of outside temperature
As can be seen from Table 3, embodiment 3 and Comparative Examples 7 starter energy fermentation poultry dungs, 9 groups of 3 used times of embodiment of failing to ferment of Comparative Examples 8 and Comparative Examples are minimum.Fermentation to 35 ℃ used time embodiment 3 and Comparative Examples 7 between difference not significantly (P>0.05); Fermentation to 45 ℃ used time embodiment 3 and Comparative Examples 7 between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01); Fermentation to 55 ℃ used time embodiment 3 and Comparative Examples 7 between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01); Fermentation to 70 ℃ used time embodiment 3 and Comparative Examples 7 between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01); Moisture reach 30% following time embodiment 3 and Comparative Examples 7 between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01).
Table 4 is in 15.6 ℃ of lower pig manure fermentation results of outside temperature
As can be seen from Table 4, the starter of four test examples pig manure that all can ferment, 4 used times of embodiment are minimum.Fermentation to 35 ℃ used time embodiment 4 and 1 group of Comparative Examples between difference not significantly (P>0.05), difference extremely remarkable (P<0.01) between embodiment 4 and Comparative Examples 11, Comparative Examples 12; Fermentation to 45 ℃ used time embodiment 4 and other test example between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each test example; Difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between 1 group of fermentation to 55 ℃ used time and Comparative Examples, difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each test example; Fermentation to 70 ℃ used time 4 groups of embodiment and Comparative Examples between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each test example; Moisture reaches between 30% 1 group of following time and 4 groups of embodiment and Comparative Examples difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each test example.
Table 5 is in 24.5 ℃ of lower pig manure fermentation results of outside temperature
As can be seen from Table 5, all starters pig manure that all can ferment in this table, 5 used times of embodiment are minimum.Fermentation to 35 ℃ used time embodiment 5 and Comparative Examples 13 between difference not remarkable, P>0.05, difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between embodiment 5 and Comparative Examples 14, Comparative Examples 15; Fermentation to 45 ℃ used time embodiment 5 and Comparative Examples between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each test example; Fermentation to 55 ℃ used time embodiment 5 and Comparative Examples between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each test example; Fermentation to 70 ℃ used time embodiment 5 and Comparative Examples between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each test example; Moisture reach 30% following time embodiment 5 and Comparative Examples between difference extremely significantly (P<0.01), difference extremely significantly (P<0.01) between each test example.
Table 6 is in 4.9 ℃ of lower pig manure fermentation results of outside temperature
Can be drawn in the winter time, only have embodiment 5 to ferment successfully by table 6, all the other test examples are not fermented.
To the dunghill of embodiment 2 and embodiment 5 before and after fermentation to NH
3, H
2s content is tested, and what deserves to be explained is, this testing method is known by those skilled in the art, is not repeated herein.Test result sees the following form:
NH in environment before and after table 7 fermentation
3, H
2s content balance table
By table 6, can be drawn, before pig manure fermentation with fermentation after NH in contrast_environment
3content has reduced by 83%, H
2s content has reduced by 81%; Before chicken manure fermenting with fermentation after NH in contrast_environment
3content has reduced by 82%, H
2s content has reduced by 83%.
In sum, this routine fermenting agent has following advantage:
1, make simply, cost is low.
2, easy handling, do not need any equipment.
3, temperature influence not, all can normally ferment.
4, pig chicken manure by fermentation just meets fertilizer standard, economic benefits fully.
5, before pig manure fermentation with fermentation after NH in contrast_environment
3content has reduced by 83%, H
2s content has reduced by 81%; Before chicken manure fermenting with fermentation after NH in contrast_environment
3content has reduced by 82%, H
2s content has reduced by 83%.There are higher environment and ecological benefits.
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment and process flow process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process, do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process and could implement.The person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to the interpolation of the equivalence replacement of each raw material of product of the present invention and ancillary component, the selection of concrete mode etc., within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (10)
1. the fermenting agent of a feces of livestock and poultry, is characterized in that, viable bacteria concentration >=2,000,000,000 in the bacterium liquid of described fermenting agent/ml; With the number percentage calculation of viable bacteria, described viable bacteria is comprised of 15～25% low temperature fermentation bacterium, 25～35% mesophilic digestion bacterium, 45～55% thermophilic fermentation bacterium bacterium.
2. fermenting agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described viable bacteria is comprised of 20% low temperature fermentation bacterium, 30% mesophilic digestion bacterium, 50% thermophilic fermentation bacterium bacterium.
3. fermenting agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described low temperature fermentation bacterium is yeast and/or short shape bacillus.
4. fermenting agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mesophilic digestion bacterium is milk-acid bacteria and/or actinomycetes.
5. fermenting agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described thermophilic fermentation bacterium is genus bacillus and/or vinelandii.
6. fermenting agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described viable bacteria concentration is 20～3,000,000,000/ml.s
7. one kind adopts the method for fermenting agent claimed in claim 1 to livestock manure fermented, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) after the fermenting agent of dilute with water is added to the feces of livestock and poultry that water content is 40～50wt% according to every cubic metre of consumption that adds the 1kg fermenting agent and fully mixes, feces of livestock and poultry is piled to dunghill, be placed in the environment that is not less than 4.5 ℃;
(2) when the temperature of dunghill reaches 40～45 ℃, every 24 hours, dunghill is carried out to turning, the number of times of described turning is at least twice;
(3) be reduced to when being no more than 30wt% and temperature and reaching 65～70 ℃ until the moisture of dunghill, complete fermenting process and obtain tunning.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the described number of times of step (2) is 2～5 times.
9. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the described dunghill of step (1) is high is 50～80cm, dunghill be shaped as taper.
10. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, 10～100 times of the fermenting agent dilute with waters described in step (1).
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