CN103449930A - Preparation method of rice seedling raising matrix suitable for machine-transplanted seedling - Google Patents
Preparation method of rice seedling raising matrix suitable for machine-transplanted seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN103449930A CN103449930A CN2013104137263A CN201310413726A CN103449930A CN 103449930 A CN103449930 A CN 103449930A CN 2013104137263 A CN2013104137263 A CN 2013104137263A CN 201310413726 A CN201310413726 A CN 201310413726A CN 103449930 A CN103449930 A CN 103449930A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a rice seedling raising matrix suitable for a machine-transplanted seedling. The preparation method comprises the step of sequentially fully mixing and uniformly stirring fine vinegar residue, vermiculite and turf according to a volume ratio of 66.7 percent:16.65 percent: 16.65 percent to prepare the rice seedling raising matrix. The volume weight of the rice seedling raising matrix is 0.26g/cm<3>, the total porosity of the rice seedling raising matrix is 68 percent, the content of rapidly available potassium is 8.30g/kg, the content of rapidly available nitrogen is 0.77g/kg, the content of rapidly available phosphorus is 0.23g/kg, the EC value is 2.17mS/cm, and the pH value is 6.39. The rice seedling raising matrix disclosed by the invention is high in nutrient content, and also provides a subacid environment suitable for the growth of the rice seedlings; the seedlings grow strongly, and is easily mechanically neatly cut and planted by blocks, root system coiling force is proper,. Therefore, the rice seedling raising matrix can be widely used as a rice seedling raising matrix for the machine-transplanted seedling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the modern agriculture with high efficiency field, be specifically related to a kind of compound method of seedling raising ground substance.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of main food crop in the world, and nearly half population in the whole world be take rice as staple food.China is Rice Cropping big country, and cultivated area maintains hundred million mu of left and right of 4.2-4.5 substantially.In recent years, along with the acceleration of process of agricultural mechanization, the transplanting technology is widelyd popularize in China, and the transplanting ratio rises year by year.Wherein, Jiangsu Province's transplanting reaches more than 50%, and even reaches more than 85% in southern Jiangsu.Yet the transplanting technology has specific requirement to seedling quality, how to cultivate the block rice shoot that robust plant, the relay of root system dish are moderate, be easy to neat cutting, become the key that the transplanting technology is successfully promoted.At present, about seedling raising method, thickness of sowing, sowing time and photoenvironment etc., the research on the impact of transplanting seedling quality has been reported.And be less about research and the patent of the preparation of light-duty seedling raising ground substance, and take vinegar residue organic matrix and have no announcement as the patent that main raw material is mixed with seedling raising ground substance.Still mostly be peasant's autogamy Nutrition Soil in current production, peasant's autogamy Nutrition Soil both had been difficult to guarantee rational nutrient levels, again because the seedling dish is overweight, increased the mechanical work load, was unfavorable for mass-producing, standardized transplanting technology popularization.Therefore, this patent will announce that a kind of to take the vinegar residue organic matrix that is rich in nutrient be main raw material, make a kind of light-duty seedling raising ground substance of stdn that is suitable for transplanting, thereby provide technical support for the popularization of rice machine rice transplanting technology.
The vinegar grain that this patent adopts by this seminar and Zhenjiang permanent along the vinegar industry by combining for many years the vinegar residue organic matrix of successfully developing.This matrix is rich in the nutrients such as organic and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, can meet the nutrient demand during raising seedling fully.But this matrix acidity is relatively strong, particle diameter is larger, this patent is less and be the commodity matrix such as the neutral peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite by this being added to a certain proportion of particle diameter, create micro-acid environment of seedling growth preferably, and increase to a certain extent the relay of root system dish, thereby cultivate the high-quality rice shoot of suitable transplanting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of compound method that is suitable for the rice seedling raising ground substance of transplanting, the rice shoot that institute's aglucon matter is cultivated is the quality stalwartness not only, and be suitable for the transplanting operation, overcome the problem existed in the autogamy Nutrition Soil seedling adopted at present extensively, thereby provide technical support for the popularization of rice machine rice transplanting technology.
In order to solve above technical problem, the present invention is based on the requirement to root system dish knot power of the fertile characteristic of need of the characteristics such as trophic level, potential of hydrogen, size, rice shoot of vinegar grain, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite and suitable acid or alkali environment and transplanting, by optimizing proportioning, make the rice seedling raising ground substance that is suitable for transplanting, concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of compound method that is suitable for the rice seedling raising ground substance of transplanting is characterized in that: after 66.7%:16.65%:16.65% fully mixes and mixes thoroughly by volume successively by thin vinegar grain, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, be mixed with rice seedling raising ground substance.
Described seedling raising ground substance physical and chemical index is: unit weight 0.26g/cm
3, total porosity 68%, quick-acting potassium content 8.30g/kg, available nitrogen content 0.77g/kg, available phosphorus contents 0.23g/kg, EC value be that 2.17mS/cm, pH value are 6.39.
Described thin vinegar grain is the product of vinegar industry waste material vinegar grain processed after smashing, and physical and chemical index is: unit weight 0.26g/cm
3, quick-acting potassium content 9.09g/kg, available nitrogen content 0.79g/kg, available phosphorus contents 0.28g/kg, EC value 3.12mS/cm, pH value 5.98; The peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite are the standard merchandise matrix of buying on market.
Working process of the present invention is as follows:
It is in 58cm * 28cm * 3cm rice machine rice transplanting stdn rigid plastics seedling-cultivation plate that described seedling raising ground substance is filled to specification, be filled to the 2.5cm height, after determining according to educated kind the amount of broadcasting, seed is evenly sent out in stromal surface, recharge the thick matrix of 0.3cm and cover.Then water permeablely, the front maintenance of emerging is moistening, before turning white appears in the rear matrix of emerging, does not water.When approximately 3 of leaf ages, highly about 15cm left and right, lifting carries out mechanize and plants.
The present invention has beneficial effect.
The rice seedling raising ground substance of announcing according to the present invention, not only nutrient levels is high, and micro-acid environment of applicable rice seedling growth is provided, and seedling growth stalwartness, and root system dish knot power is moderate is easy to machinery and changes into piece and neatly cut and plant.
Utilize the light-duty seedling raising ground substance that vinegar grain matrix is the main raw material preparation, operation is light, and especially the seedling dish is lighter, is convenient to carrying.
Vinegar grain matrix is used as to rice seedling raising ground substance, thereby has increased the new way that vinegar residue resource utilizes.
Embodiment
1 operational design
On May 20th, 2013, seedling is tested in Jiangsu University and is carried out.Seedling is provided with five processing, that is:
Process I: 100% thick vinegar grain;
Process II: 100% thin vinegar grain;
Process III: 60% thin vinegar grain+20% vermiculite+20% peat composed of rotten mosses;
Process IV: 66.7% thin vinegar grain+16.65% vermiculite+16.65% peat composed of rotten mosses;
CK:100% autogamy Nutrition Soil.
More than be volume ratio, and each proportioning matrix and Nutrition Soil fully mix and mix thoroughly, after stable homogeneous, physical and chemical index is as shown in table 1:
The basic physicochemical character of table 1 Different Raising Seedling matrix and Nutrition Soil
Different treatment adopts completely randomized design, and each is processed three times and repeats, and each seedling seedling dish is for once repeating.The seedling dish adopts stdn transplanting rigid plastics seedling dish, and specification is 58cm * 28cm * 3cm.The southern round-grained rice 5055 that rice varieties is the seed selection of academy of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Province.
The seedling raising ground substance of stable homogeneous and Nutrition Soil are filled in each seedling dish, after being filled to the 2.5cm height, by the application rate of 130g/ dish, seed are evenly sent out in stromal surface, recharge the thick matrix of 0.3cm or Nutrition Soil and cover, water once permeable.The front maintenance of emerging is moistening, before turning white appears in the rear matrix of emerging, does not water.
June 12, when majority processing rice shoot 3 leaves are about the phase, get representational rice shoot 10 strains respectively from each repetition of each processing, measure respectively or calculate its plant height, wide, the indefinite radical of stem foot and length, individual plant leaf area, chlorophyll content, biomass, strong sprout index, root absorbing area and root of hair potentiality, and seedling taking seedling piece measures root system dish knot power, after get the average analysis.Wherein, the individual plant leaf area adopts the leaf area scanning method; Chlorophyll content adopts the SPAD determinator to measure; Root absorbing area adopts the methylene blue laws; Biomass adopts oven drying method, and calculates root/shoot ratio.Strong sprout, the method for calculation of index were as follows:
The root of hair potentiality are measured: each seedling taking seedling 10 strains from each repetition of each processing, cut off whole root systems, be placed in the glass cylinder that fills distilled water, it (is 32 ℃ of top temperatures, 20 ℃ of minimum temperatures, relative humidity 65% that glass cylinder is placed in growth cabinet in simulation southern Jiangsu and Soviet Union to early June field weather condition, now for the transplanting time of rice shoot) cultivated, often add distilled water and keep moisture, within 7 days, take out afterwards and measure root system root of hair potentiality index of correlation.
Root system dish knot power is measured: the rice shoot piece that cuts out 10cm * 10cm from each seedling dish is placed on a flat glass, one end clamping plate are clamped and are fixed, the other end clamping plate are clamped and are drawn with the slow hook of steelyard afterwards, until the seedling piece disconnects, during maximum pull be rice shoot root system dish knot power.
2 results of measuring
(1) some seedling quality index of different treatment rice shoot is as shown in table 2:
The seedling quality index of table 2 different treatment rice shoot
Annotate: the different lowercases of going together mean the significance of difference under 5% level (lower same)
(2) improving activity of root system of different treatment rice shoot is as shown in table 3:
The improving activity of root system of table 3 different treatment rice shoot
Annotate: the different lowercases of same column mean the significance of difference under 5% level
(3) the root system root of hair situation of different treatment rice shoot is as shown in table 4:
The root of hair potentiality of table 4 different treatment rice shoot
3 conclusions
Different treatment seedling growth traits shows, four kinds of proportioning matrix that the vinegar grain of take is main raw material, institute's seedling raising plant height, stem foot are wide, individual plant leaf area, leaf age, indefinite radical, the longest adventive root length, root/shoot ratio, whole strain biomass and strong sprout index all higher than or be significantly higher than CK, show to utilize the above proterties of different proportioning matrix rice shoot all to be better than the autogamy Nutrition Soil.And in different proportioning matrix, the seedling raising ground substance that utilizes the present invention to prepare, the speed of growth of the plant height of its rice shoot, leaf area and biomass etc., and growing process (leaf age) is all the fastest, and chlorophyll content is the highest.
Different treatment rice shoot improving activity of root system and root of hair potentiality test result show, the improving activity of root system of different proportioning matrix rice shoots and root of hair potentiality all higher than or be significantly higher than CK.Wherein, process IV, processing III and processing II rice shoot and all there are higher improving activity of root system and root of hair potentiality, and the highest to process IV.
For processing IV, the matrix nutrient levels provided is high, unit weight is little, and both the growth for rice shoot provided sufficient nutrient, made again the operation lightness; The speed of growth and growing process are the fastest, can shorten the seedling time, saving of work and time; Root/shoot ratio, improving activity of root system and root system root of hair potentiality are the highest, and after accelerating to transplant, rice shoot is turned green, and improves the rice shoot surviving rate; Strong sprout, index was the highest, for final high yield lays the first stone; Root system dish knot power is moderate, both facilitates and takes out from the seedling dish, is beneficial to again and cuts into piece, avoids, because of too low the scattering of dish knot power, thereby be more suitable for mechanize, planting.Therefore, the rice shoot that matrix provided by the invention is cultivated more can meet the requirement of transplanting operation to seedling quality, can substitute conventional Nutrition Soil aborning comprehensively, for mass-producing and the seedling of standardized paddy rice factory.
Claims (3)
1. a compound method that is suitable for the rice seedling raising ground substance of transplanting is characterized in that: after 66.7%:16.65%:16.65% fully mixes and mixes thoroughly by volume successively by thin vinegar grain, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, be mixed with rice seedling raising ground substance.
2. a kind of compound method that is suitable for the rice seedling raising ground substance of transplanting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described seedling raising ground substance physical and chemical index is: unit weight 0.26g/cm
3, total porosity 68%, quick-acting potassium content 8.30g/kg, available nitrogen content 0.77g/kg, available phosphorus contents 0.23 g/kg, EC value be that 2.17mS/cm, pH value are 6.39.
3. a kind of compound method that is suitable for the rice seedling raising ground substance of transplanting as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described thin vinegar grain is the product of vinegar industry waste material vinegar grain processed after smashing, and physical and chemical index is: unit weight 0.26g/cm
3, quick-acting potassium content 9.09g/kg, available nitrogen content 0.79g/kg, available phosphorus contents 0.28 g/kg, EC value 3.12mS/cm, pH value 5.98; The peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite are the standard merchandise matrix of buying on market.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104206218A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-17 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Seedling culture method capable of realizing mechanical seedling transplanting of organic rice |
| CN105875303A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-24 | 西双版纳傣族自治州农业科学研究所 | Method for mechanically raising rice seedlings |
| CN111528044A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏嘉贤米业有限公司 | Nutrient soil for machine-transplanted seedling tray and cultivation method thereof |
| CN114868620A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-09 | 江苏佳禾兴农业生物科技有限公司 | Seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102584405A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-18 | 镇江恒欣肥料科技有限公司 | Rice seedling raising matrix prepared from vinegar residues and production method for matrix |
| CN102910975A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-02-06 | 扬州大学 | Rice seedling raising medium based on grain stillage as main component and preparation method of medium |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN102260101A (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2011-11-30 | 张学军 | Carbon mud base-material of special fertilizer for Japonica rice and rice |
| CN102432393A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2012-05-02 | 镇江培蕾基质科技发展有限公司 | Composite organic soil for raising rice seedlings |
| CN102584461A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏大学 | Soilless culture matrix of greenhouse vegetables and application |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104206218A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-17 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | Seedling culture method capable of realizing mechanical seedling transplanting of organic rice |
| CN104206218B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-05-04 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | A kind of method of raising seedling of organic paddy rice transplanting |
| CN105875303A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-24 | 西双版纳傣族自治州农业科学研究所 | Method for mechanically raising rice seedlings |
| CN111528044A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏嘉贤米业有限公司 | Nutrient soil for machine-transplanted seedling tray and cultivation method thereof |
| CN114868620A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-09 | 江苏佳禾兴农业生物科技有限公司 | Seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20131218 |