CN103396255A - Compatible product and preparation method of pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material - Google Patents
Compatible product and preparation method of pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103396255A CN103396255A CN2013103564980A CN201310356498A CN103396255A CN 103396255 A CN103396255 A CN 103396255A CN 2013103564980 A CN2013103564980 A CN 2013103564980A CN 201310356498 A CN201310356498 A CN 201310356498A CN 103396255 A CN103396255 A CN 103396255A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material. The cultivation material is characterized by taking chestnut branch scraps, bud hull scraps and chestnut hull scraps as main raw materials and cottonseed hulls, bran, corn powder, gypsum powder and the like as auxiliary materials, wherein the water content of the cultivation material is 63-65%. The invention also provides a preparation method of the cultivation material. The cultivation material has the advantages that I. through sunlight exposure, accumulation aging and biological fermentation carried out on the chestnut branch scraps, the bud hull scraps and the chestnut hull scraps, not only are toxic antibacterial materials removed but also macromolecular substances are degraded, thus being favourable for absorption by pleurotus cornucopiae hyphae and enabling the hyphae to grow vigorously; II. the cultivation material is reasonable in matching, so that the fungi have good air permeability and strong water retaining properties, the quantity of effective mushrooms is large, and the biological efficiency of the cultivation material is 103.7-112.5%; and III. the cultivation raw material channel is widened, thus greatly reducing the production cost.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises Ji mushroom planting material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Ji mushroom also claims yellowish-white picking up the ears, purple spore is picked up the ears, and the multiple watt shape of sporophore is grown thickly, and handle is white, lid is leaden, mushroom meat is more plump, quality is tender and crisp, and delicious flavour not only contains protein, sugar, fat, VITAMIN and the trace elements such as iron, calcium, and it is also very abundant to contain amino acid whose kind, especially contain necessary 8 seed amino acids of human body, belong to the heath food that nutrition is high, heat is low, the long-term edible function that reduces blood pressure with cholesterol that has.Ji mushroom wide adaptability, strong stress resistance, not only be fit to the peasant family plantation, is suitable for again carrying out large-scale production, be a kind of rising high-grade edible bacterium.
Ji mushroom is a kind of wood-decay fungi, has stronger decomposition xylogen, cellulosic ability, so always, the mushroom agriculture is all to use wood chip and cotton seed hulls as culturing raw material aborning.But nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, cotton seed hulls class cost of material continuous rise, so each production unit is all attached great importance to and is looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Chinese chestnut tree is Fagaceae Castanea nuts plant, and its fruit is the famous Traditional Agricultural byproduct of China.China is the first big producing country of Chinese chestnut, and according to the statistics of Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO), to the end of the year in 2009, the Chinese Chestnut cultivated area was 200,000 hm
2, ultimate production is about 1,090,000 t, accounts for 77% of Gross World Product.
In Chinese chestnut production and the course of processing, can produce three class wastes.The one, the branch that produces after pruning.China's Chinese chestnut cultivated area is large, 700,000 tons of the branch Yue Keda that the pruning of annual Cong Li garden falls, however these branches are not reasonably utilized, and major part is used as fuel wood; The 2nd, shell, have another name called luxuriant shell, Li Peng, Li Pu shell, is the waste that stays after collecting Chinese chestnut, general every 100kg Chinese chestnut just means the dried luxuriant shell that 60kg-90kg is arranged, and these luxuriant shells are drawn materials easily, enormous amount, but except minority, done fuel, all the other are often arbitrarily abandoned or let alone rots; The 3rd, the chestnut shell, namely plant skin for the pericarp of Li Jianguo, accounts for 10% of chestnut fruit weight, and the chestnut shell is to produce in the Chinese chestnut course of processing, aboundresources and concentrating, but most of enterprise processes it as waste, both increased production cost, again contaminate environment.
The Chinese chestnut branch, texture of wood is tight, and in unit volume, content of lignin is high; The bud shell, contain higher nutritive substance, and according to surveying and determination, luxuriant shell contains crude protein 8.78%, carbon 39.04%, nitrogen 1.348%; The chestnut shell, contain the compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, and wherein content of cellulose reaches 48%, and xylogen accounts for 28.5%.Above these components, can grow essential carbon source, nitrogenous source is provided for edible fungi growth.But chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these three kinds of materials of chestnut shell also contain the materials such as tannin, wax, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, and make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of processing comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation etc.After treatment, not only can remove the objectionable impurities that affects the hypha of edible fungus growth, also because of rear wooden being softened of fermenting, it is loose that quality becomes, therefore the growth of very suitable Ji mushroom mycelia.
Utilize chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material cultivations of chestnut shell Ji mushroom, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of Ji mushroom planting material compatibility take chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, chestnut shell as main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Ji mushroom planting material compatibility has following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 20%-30%, luxuriant shell bits 18%-22%, chestnut shell bits 12%-18%, cotton seed hulls 20%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Chestnut branch bits: dry, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Bud shell bits: be exposed to the sun, be ground into the following particle of particle diameter 3mm (preventing the long sack that punctures of luxuriant shell thorn), be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Chestnut shell bits: be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm after the chestnut shell that fresh nothing is gone mouldy is exposed to the sun, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Wheat bran: wheat separates in processing flour process wheat cortex, wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.
Semen Maydis powder:, as available nutrient, promote the mycelia Fast Growth, can be again the YUHUANG MUSHROOM growth vitamin H etc. is provided.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize the planting material potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprise the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make simultaneously antibacterial substance decompose volatilization;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, insert some vertical pores on heap, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, cover finally straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharging cold air), keep 8h-10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material after the access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon with the plastics stopper, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 24d-26d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
The present invention considers to be worth doing as main raw material take chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, makes Ji mushroom planting material.Its advantage is: the one, and chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits, process by sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation, both removed poisonous bacteriostatics, makes again the macromolecular substance degraded, is conducive to the absorption of Ji mushroom mycelia, and the mycelia growing way is vigorous; The 2nd, the planting material reasonable ratio, bacterium material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong, and effectively mushroom quantity is many, and its biological efficiency reaches 103.7%-112.5%; The 3rd, widened the culturing raw material channel, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, Ji mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 20%, luxuriant shell bits 22%, chestnut shell bits 18%, cotton seed hulls 20%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: 2d is exposed to the sun raw material before spice;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled high 1.2m, and the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, after carrying out heap, pat surrounding, then with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm, insert some vertical pores on heap, and at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, cover finally straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times totally 5 times, time remaining 7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharging cold air), keep 8h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material after the access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon with the plastics stopper, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 65%, and through the cultivation of 24d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, Ji mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 25%, luxuriant shell bits 20%, chestnut shell bits 15%, cotton seed hulls 20%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, Ji mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 30%, luxuriant shell bits 18%, chestnut shell bits 12%, cotton seed hulls 20%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on Ji mushroom biological efficiency
Claims (7)
1. Ji mushroom planting material, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 20%-30%, bud shell bits 18%-22%, chestnut shell bits 12%-18%, cotton seed hulls 20%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of Ji mushroom planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut branch bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, dry and are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
3. a kind of Ji mushroom planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described luxuriant shell bits, for the following particle of particle diameter 3mm, are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing.
4. a kind of Ji mushroom planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut shell bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, are deposited in air seasoning place after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing, ageing 1 year.
5. a kind of Ji mushroom planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is wheat separates in processing flour process wheat cortex.
6. the making method of the Ji mushroom planting material described in a claim 1-5 is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make simultaneously antibacterial substance decompose volatilization;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, insert some vertical pores on heap, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, cover finally straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharging cold air), keep 8h-10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
7. utilize the making method of the Ji mushroom planting material described in claim 1-6, after it is characterized in that accessing bacterial classification, the plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 24d-26d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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| CN103641566A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-19 | 邬金梅 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus cornucopiae culture material from sunflower byproducts |
| CN103848699A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-06-11 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Pleurotus cornucopiae-planting cultivation medium containing camellia oleifera shells and preparation method thereof |
| CN104186203A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-10 | 湖南天扶菇业发展有限公司 | Simplified pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation method |
| CN104488567A (en) * | 2015-01-18 | 2015-04-08 | 邬金飞 | Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation method |
| CN104557326A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-04-29 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material |
| CN104584870A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-06 | 邬金梅 | Cultivation method for pleurotus cornucopiae |
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| CN104744152A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
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| CN104744124A (en) * | 2015-03-01 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material |
| CN104744126A (en) * | 2015-03-01 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material |
| CN104744153A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
| CN104744125A (en) * | 2015-03-01 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material |
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| CN104761328A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 邬方成 | A preparing method of a pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material |
| CN104774085A (en) * | 2015-03-22 | 2015-07-15 | 邬金飞 | Manufacturing method of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation material |
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| CN104761327A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 邬方成 | A preparing method of a pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material |
| CN104761328A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 邬方成 | A preparing method of a pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation material |
| CN104737788A (en) * | 2015-03-14 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Cultivation method of pleurotus cornucopiae |
| CN104774084A (en) * | 2015-03-22 | 2015-07-15 | 邬金飞 | Manufacturing method of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation material |
| CN104774061A (en) * | 2015-03-22 | 2015-07-15 | 邬金飞 | Manufacturing method of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation material |
| CN104774085A (en) * | 2015-03-22 | 2015-07-15 | 邬金飞 | Manufacturing method of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation material |
| CN104774062A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-15 | 邬金飞 | Manufacturing method of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation material |
| CN104774063A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-15 | 邬金飞 | Manufacturing method of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation material |
| CN104774086A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-07-15 | 邬金飞 | Manufacturing method of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation material |
| CN106631304A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2017-05-10 | 济南健康人药品有限公司 | Method for preparing pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation base by utilizing mixed aquatic plants |
| CN107434574A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-12-05 | 临桂铭泰果蔬农民专业合作社 | A kind of planting material for improving Agrocybe aegerita yield |
| CN106927943A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-07-07 | 陆川县新英食用菌专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of elegant precious mushroom |
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