CN103392642A - Method for breeding mandarin fish by utilizing microorganic feed - Google Patents
Method for breeding mandarin fish by utilizing microorganic feed Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
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- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- IPQVRLSXWJPESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].ON=O Chemical compound [N].ON=O IPQVRLSXWJPESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a method for breeding mandarin fish by utilizing microorganic feed. The method includes that: a pond is built; the pond requires a sandy bottom, about 15cm of sludge in depth, deeper than 1.5m of water, convenient irrigation and drainage, good water quality and no sewage inflow; environment requires: parent fish are selected at the most suitable growing water temperature which is 25-29 DEG C in artificial breeding application; in winter and spring, the parent fish healthy in physique and woundless in body surfaces are captured from a breeding pond and put into the pond in a greenhouse for artificial reproduction; the parent fish are put into the pond in the greenhouse for cultivation, and during daily breeding management, in the breeding period, the feed is put for 4 times every day, the amount of the feed is calculated according to 25-50% of the weight of the fish, and the feeding degree is determined according to the fact that no fish competes for food and is flexibly mastered according to weather conditions. Due to the addition of the compound microorganic feed, quick growth of the mandarin fish can be facilitated, EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) content is increased, illness of the mandarin fish is decreased, the mandarin fish died of disease are decreased, beneficial microorganisms in water are increased, and quality and mass are increased finally.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for aquaculture, especially a kind of method of utilizing microbiological feed cultivation mandarin fish.
Background technology
Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi), have another name called mandarin fish, mandarin fish, is subordinate to Perciformes, Anabantoidei, Sushi section, mandarin fish genus.The perch in mandarin fish shape such as Songjiang, spinosity on wing, a kind of famous and precious economic freshwater cultured fishes of China, delicious meat, nutritious, contain higher protein and several amino acids, have medicinal function, economic worth is very high, clear Zhang Zhi and the verse that " peach blossom flowing water mandarin fish fertilizer " is arranged, favored by the consumer, market prospects are wide.Simultaneously, along with the culture fishery kind is upgraded, the needs of structural adjustment, as the mandarin fish cultivation in the cultivation of special aquatic products product, also obtained developing rapidly, cultured area constantly increases.But due to the restriction that is subject to the factors such as geographical position weather, picking the fish artificial propagation and can carry out in the first tenday period of a month in May under the normal temperature condition of this area, affected vegetative period then, extended the culture-cycle of forming listing, cultivation then can't be formed listing then, is unfavorable for producing the raising with benefit; And the seed of introducing from south is not paid attention to the purification and rejuvenation of germplasm owing to breeding for a long time, adds the impact of the factors such as weather conditions, transportation, and its cultivation risk is more and more higher, has had a strong impact on the healthy and rapid development of mandarin fish aquaculture.Existing single type fish guano and compound fish guano also have a common shortcoming, and that can not be killed harmful bacteria, worm exactly, therefore, lack the effectively effect of control of fish disease.By the compound fish guano of microorganism, can increase the content of beneficial bacterium in fishpond, effectively reduce the generation of fish diseases, about being exclusively used in this complex microorganism fish guano, also not report at present.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of method of utilizing microbiological feed cultivation mandarin fish comprises the following steps:
1) build in pond: pond requires the sandy end, and mud 15cm left and right, more than depth of water 1.5m, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and water quality is good, without sewage, flows into, and the fishponds of a small amount of heavy water-based pasture and water is arranged, the pond surrounding also will be dug a dark circle shallow ridges for 30-40cm, so that the fishing for of this fish; With quicklime or bleaching powder, carry out the sterilization of full pond, quicklime consumption 150 kg/km
2~ 200 kg/km
2, bleaching powder 15kg/km
2, sterilization finishes, the pond water inlet, and water quality transparency is too large, and the fertilizer rich water of available inorganic fertilizer or fermentation is cultivated the basic biological feed in water, consumption: inorganic fertilizer 3 kg/km
2~ 5 kg/km
2, fertilizer 30kg/km
2~ 5 0kg/km
2
2) environmental requirement: the most suitable growth water temperature of propagating artificially in application is 25-29 ℃, when the cultivation of old friend's work is passed the winter, needs to cover winter canopy winter protection; The most suitable growth salinity of propagating artificially in application is 5-8 ‰, more than the dissolved oxygen General Requirements reaches 3.5mg/L, during high-density breeding, more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L; Breeding water is general direct directly to be quoted from seabeach or with the logical rivers with certain salinity of marine facies, and water quality meets national water quality standard for fishery (GB11607-89), and pollution must not be arranged;
3) select parent population at winter-spring season, from cultivating pool, fishing for the physique stalwartness, the pond that body surface is put into greenhouse without the parent population of wound cultivates, for artificial propagation, the cultivation parent population of parent population is put into the pond in greenhouse, after the body surface sterilization, cultivate, cultivate in pond the sufficient agreeable to the taste living bait fish of regularly throwing something and feeding, keep pond water quality pure and fresh, every morning soil pick-up 1 time, carry out weekly a water quality monitoring, according to mensuration situation and daily observation situation, in time change Chi Shui, each transposing amount is 1/3～1/2 of former Chi Shui, every day, 24h drove air pump by bubble head blowing aeration, the raising progressively of regulation and control water temperature,
4) put seedling, put seedling: put 10-15d before seedling, with 60-80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, filter slowly water inlet, during depth of water 1.0m, start to train water, getting fat, and slowly intake to 2.0m and stop, specification is the seed of 2.0-3.0cm/ tail, its cultivation density is generally 10,000-12,000 tail/mu.After putting 20-30d in a suitable place to breed, after specification reaches the 5.0-6.0cm/ tail, starting screening supports, make the seed of different size divide in different ponds or different intervals, same pond cultivate, so that the uniform fry of specification concentrates on same pond or same interval, the listing of avoiding the peak hour of adult fish after cultivation, can avoid risk, and can reach the most rational interests again;
5) feed preparation: the feed preparation: its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus subtilis bacteria powder 2-4 part, ferment bacterium 1-4 part, solid photosynthetic bacteria 0.5-0.9 part, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.8-1.2 part, vitamin additive 0.2-0.6 part, mineral matter additive 10-16 part, chelating agent 0.2-0.4 part, weter hyacinth 60-80 part, edible fungi residue 50-80 part, vinasse 100-110 part, fishbone dust 40-60 part, rice bran 70-80 part, brown sugar 10-16 part, kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, semen momordicae 40-50 part, Chinese Stellera Root 1-15 part, lupulus 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, frutus cnidii 20-30 part, azedarach 10-30 part, fruit of Rangoon creeper 15-25 part, gall nut 1-15 part, ilex pubescens 5-15 part, soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, camphor 5-15 part, preparation comprises the following steps: at first dry weter hyacinth, edible fungi residue, vinasse to water content in the sun below 40% (1), then according to described ratio, adds fishbone dust, rice bran, brown sugar, fully stirs, and mixes, (2) in said mixture, according to described ratio, add bacillus subtilis bacteria powder and the ferment bacterium of having dissolved, then above-mentioned substance is inserted to mixing corruption in pond and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carry out fermenting in advance in 3-5 days, then plastic film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 45 ℃, keep continuing turning after 2-3 days, then be raised to 60 ℃ from 45 ℃, the retention time is 3-5 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 7-10 days, until slaking is fully fermented complete, (3) solid photosynthetic bacteria, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio are dissolved in water, join in said mixture, stir, (4) by above-mentioned fermentation product, air dry in the sun, make moisture content of material less than 25%, add kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, semen momordicae 40-50 part, Chinese Stellera Root 1-15 part, lupulus 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, frutus cnidii 20-30 part, azedarach 10-30 part, fruit of Rangoon creeper 15-25 part, gall nut 1-15 part, ilex pubescens 5-15 part, soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, then camphor 5-15 part pulverizes, pulverize fineness for passing through without screen pulverizer, after pulverizing, in material, add the mineral matter additive, chelating agent and vitamin additive, mix and obtain microbial fish guano,
Described vitamin additive component recipe ratio is: vitamin A, C, E mix with the weight ratio of 2:3:5.Described mineral matter additive is potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-25%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 10-15%, ferrous sulfate 2-5%, zinc sulphate 1-2%, manganese sulphate 0.8-1%, borax 0.3-0.5%, cobalt sulphate 0.03-0.06%, rare earth 0.2-0.6%, and all the other add salt to 100%.To be sodium humate and EDTA mix with the weight ratio of 1:1-2 described chelating agent.
6) daily aquaculture management: during cultivation, need throw every day and raise 4 times, throw the amount of raising and calculate by fish body weight 25%-50%, raise without striving the food phenomenon as degree take throwing, live and grasp depending on weather condition.Throw feeding method for slowly jettisoninging, the 4th front throwing is between the lights raised, and every 10-15d can carry out the mensuration of the indexs such as dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulphide, transparency, its normal range (NR): dissolved oxygen >=3.5mg/L; PH, 7.5-8.8; Ammonia nitrogen≤0.5mg/L; Nitrous acid nitrogen≤0.2mg/L; Hydrogen sulphide≤0.1mg/L; Transparency, 20-40cm.
The environment of the input of mandarin fish seed is 1) water temperature: preference temperature is 5 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, and 13 ℃ ~ 18 ℃ of optimum growth temperatures, stop ingesting during lower than 5 ℃; Dissolved oxygen: more than the dissolved oxygen of suitable growth requires 5 m g/L; The suitableeest salinity range 26.5 ‰ ~ 32.5 ‰; The suitableeest scope 7.6 ~ 8.6 of pH; Ammonia nitrogen: (NH
3-N)≤0 .02 m g/L; Nitrite :≤0.1mg/L; H
2S: must not detect; Transparency 50cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) added that fish produce needed organic matter and inorganic mineral, trace element can provide comprehensive nutrition to the growth of fish;
(2) add bacillus subtilis, ferment bacterium and bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio, can kill the harmful bacteria in fishpond, suppressed the breeding growth of pathogen in water body, reduced the generation of disease, improved the yield and quality of fish.
(3) added the solid photosynthetic bacteria, the noxious materials such as nitrite in water body, sulphide of can degrading, and can restrain oneself the organic waste water of high concentration, the poisonous substances such as phenol, cyanogen are had and necessarily stand and capacity of decomposition, have stronger decomposition and inversion ability, reduce the accumulation of noxious material in the fish body.
(4) these mushrooms that add, can continue breeding in water body, enlarge survival rate, the balance of remaining microorganisms in water is had a very important role, and can regulate and adjust microecological balance in fish body enteron aisle, can also decomposer in the Harmful Residue, strengthen the fingerling premunition.
(5) the Chinese medicine sterilizing composition is little on natural enemy of fish impact, helps to keep ecotope, and is more friendly to environment, to Dactylogyrus, Trichodina desinsection better, meet nuisanceless, green production requirement.
Embodiment
Below will be described in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment is only for the present invention is described, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of utilizing microbiological feed cultivation mandarin fish comprises the following steps:
1) build in pond: pond requires the sandy end, and mud 15cm left and right, more than depth of water 1.5m, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and water quality is good, without sewage, flows into, and the fishponds of a small amount of heavy water-based pasture and water is arranged, the pond surrounding also will be dug a dark circle shallow ridges for 30-40cm, so that the fishing for of this fish; With quicklime or bleaching powder, carry out the sterilization of full pond, quicklime consumption 150 kg/km
2~ 200 kg/km
2, bleaching powder 15kg/km
2, sterilization finishes, the pond water inlet, and water quality transparency is too large, and the fertilizer rich water of available inorganic fertilizer or fermentation is cultivated the basic biological feed in water, consumption: inorganic fertilizer 3 kg/km
2~ 5 kg/km
2, fertilizer 30kg/km
2~ 5 0kg/km
2
2) environmental requirement: the most suitable growth water temperature of propagating artificially in application is 25-29 ℃, when the cultivation of old friend's work is passed the winter, needs to cover winter canopy winter protection; The most suitable growth salinity of propagating artificially in application is 5-8 ‰, more than the dissolved oxygen General Requirements reaches 3.5mg/L, during high-density breeding, more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L; Breeding water is general direct directly to be quoted from seabeach or with the logical rivers with certain salinity of marine facies, and water quality meets national water quality standard for fishery (GB11607-89), and pollution must not be arranged;
3) select parent population at winter-spring season, from cultivating pool, fishing for the physique stalwartness, the pond that body surface is put into greenhouse without the parent population of wound cultivates, for artificial propagation, the cultivation parent population of parent population is put into the pond in greenhouse, after the body surface sterilization, cultivate, cultivate in pond the sufficient agreeable to the taste living bait fish of regularly throwing something and feeding, keep pond water quality pure and fresh, every morning soil pick-up 1 time, carry out weekly a water quality monitoring, according to mensuration situation and daily observation situation, in time change Chi Shui, each transposing amount is 1/3～1/2 of former Chi Shui, every day, 24h drove air pump by bubble head blowing aeration, the raising progressively of regulation and control water temperature,
4) put seedling, put seedling: put 10-15d before seedling, with 60-80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, filter slowly water inlet, during depth of water 1.0m, start to train water, getting fat, and slowly intake to 2.0m and stop, specification is the seed of 2.0-3.0cm/ tail, its cultivation density is generally 10,000-12,000 tail/mu.After putting 20-30d in a suitable place to breed, after specification reaches the 5.0-6.0cm/ tail, starting screening supports, make the seed of different size divide in different ponds or different intervals, same pond cultivate, so that the uniform fry of specification concentrates on same pond or same interval, the listing of avoiding the peak hour of adult fish after cultivation, can avoid risk, and can reach the most rational interests again;
5) feed preparation: its raw material of feed comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus subtilis bacteria powder 2-4 part, ferment bacterium 1-4 part, solid photosynthetic bacteria 0.5-0.9 part, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.8-1.2 part, vitamin additive 0.2-0.6 part, mineral matter additive 10-16 part, chelating agent 0.2-0.4 part, weter hyacinth 60-80 part, edible fungi residue 50-80 part, vinasse 100-110 part, fishbone dust 40-60 part, rice bran 70-80 part, brown sugar 10-16 part, kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, semen momordicae 40-50 part, Chinese Stellera Root 1-15 part, lupulus 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, frutus cnidii 20-30 part, azedarach 10-30 part, fruit of Rangoon creeper 15-25 part, gall nut 1-15 part, ilex pubescens 5-15 part, soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, camphor 5-15 part, preparation comprises the following steps: at first dry weter hyacinth, edible fungi residue, vinasse to water content in the sun below 40% (1), then according to described ratio, adds fishbone dust, rice bran, brown sugar, fully stirs, and mixes, (2) in said mixture, according to described ratio, add bacillus subtilis bacteria powder and the ferment bacterium of having dissolved, then above-mentioned substance is inserted to mixing corruption in pond and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carry out fermenting in advance in 3-5 days, then plastic film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 45 ℃, keep continuing turning after 2-3 days, then be raised to 60 ℃ from 45 ℃, the retention time is 3-5 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 7-10 days, until slaking is fully fermented complete, (3) solid photosynthetic bacteria, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio are dissolved in water, join in said mixture, stir, (4) by above-mentioned fermentation product, air dry in the sun, make moisture content of material less than 25%, add kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, semen momordicae 40-50 part, Chinese Stellera Root 1-15 part, lupulus 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, frutus cnidii 20-30 part, azedarach 10-30 part, fruit of Rangoon creeper 15-25 part, gall nut 1-15 part, ilex pubescens 5-15 part, soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, then camphor 5-15 part pulverizes, pulverize fineness for passing through without screen pulverizer, after pulverizing, in material, add the mineral matter additive, chelating agent and vitamin additive, mix and obtain microbial fish guano,
Described vitamin additive component recipe ratio is: vitamin A, C, E mix with the weight ratio of 2:3:5.Described mineral matter additive is potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-25%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 10-15%, ferrous sulfate 2-5%, zinc sulphate 1-2%, manganese sulphate 0.8-1%, borax 0.3-0.5%, cobalt sulphate 0.03-0.06%, rare earth 0.2-0.6%, and all the other add salt to 100%.To be sodium humate and EDTA mix with the weight ratio of 1:1-2 described chelating agent.
6) daily aquaculture management: during cultivation, need throw every day and raise 4 times, throw the amount of raising and calculate by fish body weight 25%-50%, raise without striving the food phenomenon as degree take throwing, live and grasp depending on weather condition.Throw feeding method for slowly jettisoninging, the 4th front throwing is between the lights raised, and every 10-15d can carry out the mensuration of the indexs such as dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulphide, transparency, its normal range (NR): dissolved oxygen >=3.5mg/L; PH, 7.5-8.8; Ammonia nitrogen≤0.5mg/L; Nitrous acid nitrogen≤0.2mg/L; Hydrogen sulphide≤0.1mg/L; Transparency, 20-40cm.
The environment of the input of mandarin fish seed is 1) water temperature: preference temperature is 5 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, and 13 ℃ ~ 18 ℃ of optimum growth temperatures, stop ingesting during lower than 5 ℃; Dissolved oxygen: more than the dissolved oxygen of suitable growth requires 5 m g/L; The suitableeest salinity range 26.5 ‰ ~ 32.5 ‰; The suitableeest scope 7.6 ~ 8.6 of pH; Ammonia nitrogen: (NH
3-N)≤0 .02 m g/L; Nitrite :≤0.1mg/L; H
2S: must not detect; Transparency 50cm.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
At the mandarin fish juvenile stage of growth, pull out, minute support in the middle of five ponds, 500, every pond, (contrast 1, originate from four ponds, according to the injected volume of every mu of 200kg, to throw in respectively the microorganism sweet osmanthus fish guano of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and common sweet osmanthus fish guano
Beijing Century AMMS Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), sweet osmanthus fish guano (contrast 2) is not thrown in the another one pond, but throws in the common fish food of same amount, remaining feeding amount was identical, and culture environment is identical, through the cultivation of 2-4 month, contrast the upgrowth situation of its output and mandarin fish, specifically as shown in Table 1 and Table 2:
Microorganism shrimp prepared by table 1 the present invention is fertile and contrast 1 relatively
 | Output increases (%) | Individual increase (%) | The fish reduction of dying of illness (%) | EPA content increment (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 26 | 21 | 11 | 13 |
Microorganism shrimp prepared by table 2 the present invention is fertile and contrast 2 relatively
 | Output increases (%) | The fish body increases (%) | The fish reduction of dying of illness (%) | EPA content increment (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 31 | 23 | 20 | 36 |
Contrast through table 1, table 2 can be found, adds the Fast Growth that composite microbe fertilizer of the present invention can promote mandarin fish, and EPA content increases, disease reduces, the mandarin fish of dying of illness reduces, and the beneficial microbe in water body is increased, and final quality and quality all are improved.
Claims (2)
1. method of utilizing microbiological feed cultivation mandarin fish comprises the following steps:
1) build in pond: pond requires the sandy end, and mud 15cm left and right, more than depth of water 1.5m, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and water quality is good, without sewage, flows into, and the fishponds of a small amount of heavy water-based pasture and water is arranged, the pond surrounding also will be dug a dark circle shallow ridges for 30-40cm, so that the fishing for of this fish; With quicklime or bleaching powder, carry out the sterilization of full pond, quicklime consumption 150 kg/km
2~ 200 kg/km
2, bleaching powder 15kg/km
2, sterilization finishes, the pond water inlet, and water quality transparency is too large, and the fertilizer rich water of available inorganic fertilizer or fermentation is cultivated the basic biological feed in water, consumption: inorganic fertilizer 3 kg/km
2~ 5 kg/km
2, fertilizer 30kg/km
2~ 5 0kg/km
2
2) environmental requirement: the most suitable growth water temperature of propagating artificially in application is 25-29 ℃, when the cultivation of old friend's work is passed the winter, needs to cover winter canopy winter protection; The most suitable growth salinity of propagating artificially in application is 5-8 ‰, more than the dissolved oxygen General Requirements reaches 3.5mg/L, during high-density breeding, more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L; Breeding water is general direct directly to be quoted from seabeach or with the logical rivers with certain salinity of marine facies, and water quality meets national water quality standard for fishery (GB11607-89), and pollution must not be arranged;
3) select parent population at winter-spring season, from cultivating pool, fishing for the physique stalwartness, the pond that body surface is put into greenhouse without the parent population of wound cultivates, for artificial propagation, the cultivation parent population of parent population is put into the pond in greenhouse, after the body surface sterilization, cultivate, cultivate in pond the sufficient agreeable to the taste living bait fish of regularly throwing something and feeding, keep pond water quality pure and fresh, every morning soil pick-up 1 time, carry out weekly a water quality monitoring, according to mensuration situation and daily observation situation, in time change Chi Shui, each transposing amount is 1/3～1/2 of former Chi Shui, every day, 24h drove air pump by bubble head blowing aeration, the raising progressively of regulation and control water temperature,
4) put seedling, put seedling: put 10-15d before seedling, with 60-80 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, filter slowly water inlet, during depth of water 1.0m, start to train water, getting fat, and slowly intake to 2.0m and stop, specification is the seed of 2.0-3.0cm/ tail, its cultivation density is generally 10,000-12,000 tail/mu;
After putting 20-30d in a suitable place to breed, after specification reaches the 5.0-6.0cm/ tail, starting screening supports, make the seed of different size divide in different ponds or different intervals, same pond cultivate, so that the uniform fry of specification concentrates on same pond or same interval, the listing of avoiding the peak hour of adult fish after cultivation, can avoid risk, and can reach the most rational interests again;
5) feed preparation: the feed preparation: its raw material comprises the composition of following weight ratio: bacillus subtilis bacteria powder 2-4 part, ferment bacterium 1-4 part, solid photosynthetic bacteria 0.5-0.9 part, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio 0.8-1.2 part, vitamin additive 0.2-0.6 part, mineral matter additive 10-16 part, chelating agent 0.2-0.4 part, weter hyacinth 60-80 part, edible fungi residue 50-80 part, vinasse 100-110 part, fishbone dust 40-60 part, rice bran 70-80 part, brown sugar 10-16 part, kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, semen momordicae 40-50 part, Chinese Stellera Root 1-15 part, lupulus 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, frutus cnidii 20-30 part, azedarach 10-30 part, fruit of Rangoon creeper 15-25 part, gall nut 1-15 part, ilex pubescens 5-15 part, soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, camphor 5-15 part, preparation comprises the following steps: at first dry weter hyacinth, edible fungi residue, vinasse to water content in the sun below 40% (1), then according to described ratio, adds fishbone dust, rice bran, brown sugar, fully stirs, and mixes, (2) in said mixture, according to described ratio, add bacillus subtilis bacteria powder and the ferment bacterium of having dissolved, then above-mentioned substance is inserted to mixing corruption in pond and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carry out fermenting in advance in 3-5 days, then plastic film is thrown off, and stir, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 45 ℃, keep continuing turning after 2-3 days, then be raised to 60 ℃ from 45 ℃, the retention time is 3-5 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 7-10 days, until slaking is fully fermented complete, (3) solid photosynthetic bacteria, bacteriophagic Bdellovibrio are dissolved in water, join in said mixture, stir, (4) by above-mentioned fermentation product, air dry in the sun, make moisture content of material less than 25%, add kongpo monkshood root 45-55 part, semen momordicae 40-50 part, Chinese Stellera Root 1-15 part, lupulus 5-10 part, matrine 5-10 part, Golden Larch Bark 10-15 part, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo kind skin 20-30 part, frutus cnidii 20-30 part, azedarach 10-30 part, fruit of Rangoon creeper 15-25 part, gall nut 1-15 part, ilex pubescens 5-15 part, soapberry exosper 55-60 part, fructus ulmi 10-15 part, then camphor 5-15 part pulverizes, pulverize fineness for passing through without screen pulverizer, after pulverizing, in material, add the mineral matter additive, chelating agent and vitamin additive, mix and obtain microbial fish guano,
Described vitamin additive component recipe ratio is: vitamin A, C, E mix with the weight ratio of 2:3:5;
Described mineral matter additive is potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20-25%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 10-15%, ferrous sulfate 2-5%, zinc sulphate 1-2%, manganese sulphate 0.8-1%, borax 0.3-0.5%, cobalt sulphate 0.03-0.06%, rare earth 0.2-0.6%, and all the other add salt to 100%;
To be sodium humate and EDTA mix with the weight ratio of 1:1-2 described chelating agent;
6) daily aquaculture management: during cultivation, need throw every day and raise 4 times, throw the amount of raising and calculate by fish body weight 25%-50%, raise without striving the food phenomenon as degree take throwing, live and grasp depending on weather condition;
Throw feeding method for slowly jettisoninging, the 4th front throwing is between the lights raised, and every 10-15d can carry out the mensuration of the indexs such as dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulphide, transparency, its normal range (NR): dissolved oxygen >=3.5mg/L; PH, 7.5-8.8; Ammonia nitrogen≤0.5mg/L; Nitrous acid nitrogen≤0.2mg/L; Hydrogen sulphide≤0.1mg/L; Transparency, 20-40cm.
2. a kind of method of utilizing microbiological feed cultivation mandarin fish as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the environment of the input of mandarin fish seed is 1) water temperature: preference temperature is 5 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, 13 ℃ ~ 18 ℃ of optimum growth temperatures, stop ingesting during lower than 5 ℃; Dissolved oxygen: more than the dissolved oxygen of suitable growth requires 5 m g/L; The suitableeest salinity range 26.5 ‰ ~ 32.5 ‰; The suitableeest scope 7.6 ~ 8.6 of pH; Ammonia nitrogen: (NH
3-N)≤0 .02 m g/L; Nitrite :≤0.1mg/L; H
2S: must not detect; Transparency 50cm.
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| CN105265388A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-27 | 滁州市南谯区长江水产良种繁育场 | Ecological farming method with polyculture of mandarinfish and Chinemys reevesii |
| CN105265388B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2018-11-09 | 滁州市南谯区长江水产良种繁育场 | A kind of ecological cultivation method of mandarin fish and Chinese grass tortoise mixed breeding |
| CN106359202A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-02-01 | 符艺 | Penaeus vannamei virus damage prevention cultivation method |
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