CN103374206A - 热固化性硅酮树脂组合物、使用该组合物的led用反射器及光半导体装置 - Google Patents
热固化性硅酮树脂组合物、使用该组合物的led用反射器及光半导体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103374206A CN103374206A CN2013101308922A CN201310130892A CN103374206A CN 103374206 A CN103374206 A CN 103374206A CN 2013101308922 A CN2013101308922 A CN 2013101308922A CN 201310130892 A CN201310130892 A CN 201310130892A CN 103374206 A CN103374206 A CN 103374206A
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- silicone resin
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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Abstract
本发明是一种LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其含有:(A)热固化性树脂;(B)至少1种白色颜料,是选自氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化镁、碳酸钡、硅酸镁、硫酸锌、及硫酸钡;及,(C)无机填充材料,至少包含下述(C-1)成分和下述(C-2)成分且排除(B)成分;(C-1)至少1种无机填充材料,平均粒径为30μm~100μm,且折射率与(A)成分的热固化性树脂的固化物的折射率的差为0.05以上;(C-2)至少1种无机填充材料,平均粒径不足30μm。由此,可提供一种热固化性树脂组合物、LED用反射器、及光半导体装置,该组合物可提供一种耐热、耐光性优异且外部漏光较少的固化物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于成型LED用反射器的热固化性树脂组合物、使用该组合物而成的LED用反射器及光半导体装置。
背景技术
发光二级管(Light Emitting Diode,LED)等光半导体元件,被用做街头显示器或汽车灯具、住宅用照明等各种指示器或光源。作为LED用反射器材料,聚邻苯二甲酰胺树脂(polyphthalamide,PPA)等热塑性树脂被大量使用。并且,作为反射器用材料,最近还开始使用将酸酐作为固化剂的环氧树脂等。
在专利文献1至专利文献5、专利文献7至专利文献9中,已经记载有作为LED用反射器材料,可以使用硅酮树脂或环氧树脂等热固化性树脂。并且,在专利文献6中,记载有矩阵阵列(matrix array)型反射器。在专利文献1至专利文献3中,记载有环氧树脂和硅酮树脂,但并未详细记述树脂本身。
另一方面,作为最近的液晶电视的背光或普通照明用光源,LED元件的高亮化快速发展,此用途对LED的可靠性和耐久性的要求也很严格,如果是先前以来作为反射器材料使用的液晶聚合物或PPA(聚邻苯二甲酰胺)等热塑性树脂、或环氧树脂等热固化性树脂,将产生以下问题:由于在同时接受热与光的环境下将激烈劣化,树脂变色且光的反射率降低,因此,不能作为反射器使用。
先前,作为这种反射器用树脂组合物的填充材料,已知纯度较高的熔融硅石(fused silica)和氧化铝等。通常,反射器的白度必须尽可能较高,以便高效地反射光。氧化铝由于是非常坚硬的材料,因此,当混揉树脂组合物时,氧化铝与混揉装置磨耗而污染变黑。因此,利用仅高填充氧化铝等较硬的填充材料的树脂组合物,来制造反射率较高的反射器,是非常困难的。并且,纯度较高的氧化铝等由于价格也较高,因此,还存在作为反射器时的成本较高的问题。
并且,当利用热固化性树脂组合物成型的反射器的壁的厚度较薄时,还将产生发光元件所发出的光漏出至外部的缺点。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2006-156704号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2007-329219号公报
专利文献3:日本特开2007-329249号公报
专利文献4:日本特开2008-189827号公报
专利文献5:日本特开2006-140207号公报
专利文献6:日本特开2007-235085号公报
专利文献7:日本特开2007-297601号公报
专利文献8:日本特开2009-21394号公报
专利文献9:日本特开2009-155415号公报
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述情况而完成,目的在于提供一种热固化性树脂组合物、利用该组合物而成型的LED用反射器、及使用该LED用反射器的光半导体装置,其中,所述热固化性树脂组合物,可提供一种耐热、耐光性优异且外部漏光较少的固化物。
为了解决上述课题,根据本发明,提供一种LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其特征在于,其含有:
(A)热固化性树脂100质量份;
(B)至少1种白色颜料3~200质量份,所述白色颜料是选自氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化镁、碳酸钡、硅酸镁、硫酸锌、及硫酸钡;及,
(C)无机填充材料200~1300质量份,至少包含下述(C-1)成分和下述(C-2)成分,且排除前述(B)成分;其中,
(C-1)至少1种无机填充材料100~1000质量份,其平均粒径为30μm~100μm,且折射率与前述(A)成分的热固化性树脂的固化物的折射率的差为0.05以上;
(C-2)至少1种无机填充材料100~800质量份,其平均粒径不足30μm。
这种LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,可以提供一种耐热、耐光性优异且外部漏光较少的固化物。所述组合物,可以提供一种固化物,所述固化物尤其适合作为矩阵阵列状的反射器。即,形成有使用这种热固化性树脂组合物而成型的矩阵阵列状反射器的反射器基板,由于基板的翘曲较少,因此,可以容易进行载持,并容易进行密封发光元件(LED元件)后的切割等,且在切割后,可以获得一种反射器表面或元件表面与密封树脂的剥离不良得以被抑制的光半导体装置(LED装置)。
并且此时,前述(A)成分即热固化性树脂,优选为环氧树脂、硅酮树脂、及环氧/硅酮混成树脂(hybrid resin)中的任一种。
这样一来,前述(A)成分即热固化性树脂,并无特别限定,可以列举这些作为代表。
并且,前述(C-1)成分的无机填充材料,优选为方石英(cristobalite)、铝硅酸盐(alumino silicate)、氧化铝、及稀土类氧化物中的任一种以上。
如果前述(C-1)成分为这些成分,那么热固化性树脂组合物可提供一种外部漏光更少的固化物。
并且此时,作为前述(C)成分的(C-1)、(C-2)成分中的至少一方优选为球状。
(C)成分即无机填充材料的形状,并无特别问题,但优选为球状,以便尽量减少高填充化或与混揉装置的磨耗,进一步,作为球形度,优选为0.7~1.0。
并且此时,前述LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,优选为利用聚缩反应或氢化硅烷化反应固化而成。
这样一来,作为本发明的热固化性树脂,可以列举以下类型:利用聚缩反应而固化、或利用含有烯基的硅酮树脂与含有氢化硅烷基的硅酮树脂的加成反应而固化等。
并且,在本发明中,提供一种LED用反射器,特征在于是利用前述LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物而成型。
使本发明的热固化性树脂组合物成型而成的LED用反射器,耐热、耐光性优异且外部漏光也较少。
进一步,形成有使用前述热固化性树脂组合物成型而成的矩阵式凹型反射器的反射器基板,基板的翘曲较少。
并且,在本发明中,提供一种光半导体装置,其特征在于,使用上述本发明的LED用反射器。
使用前述LED用反射器的光半导体装置,反射器表面或元件表面与密封树脂的剥离不良得以被抑制。
本发明的热固化性树脂组合物,可以提供一种耐热、耐光性优异、并且外部漏光较少、尤其适合作为矩阵阵列状的反射器的固化物。
尤其是,形成有使用这种热固化性树脂组合物成型的矩阵阵列状反射器的反射器基板,由于基板的翘曲较少,因此,可以容易进行载持,并容易进行密封发光元件后的切割等,且在切割后,可以获得一种反射器表面或元件表面与密封树脂的剥离不良得以被抑制的光半导体装置(LED装置)。
附图说明
图1中(A)是形成有使用本发明的热固化性树脂组合物而成型的矩阵式凹型反射器的反射器基板的立体图,图1中(B)是使用该反射器基板所制造的光半导体装置的俯视图及剖面图。
图2中(A)是形成有使用本发明的热固化性树脂组合物而成型的矩阵式平面型反射器的反射器基板的俯视图,图2中(B)是载持并密封有发光元件的反射器基板的剖面图。
图3是使用本发明的热固化性树脂组合物而成型的单片型反射器的剖面图及俯视图。
其中,附图标记说明如下:
1矩阵式凹型反射器;1'矩阵式平面型反射器;2芯片焊垫;3发光元件(LED元件);4金线;5引线框架;6透明硅酮树脂;10矩阵式凹型反射器基板;10'矩阵式平面型反射器基板;100光半导体装置(LED装置);101单片型反射器;102引线框架。
具体实施方式
以下,更详细地说明本发明。
如上所述,需要一种反射器材料,所述反射器材料可以提供一种耐热、耐光性优异且外部漏光较少的固化物,并且用于成型LED用反射器。
本发明者们为了达成上述目的,而反复深入研究,结果得知当构成用于成型LED用反射器的热固化性树脂组合物的固化性树脂的固化物与填充材料的折射率接近时,容置于反射器内部的LED元件所发出的光容易漏出至外部。另一方面,得知当制造、使用单面成型的矩阵阵列型反射器时,相对于热固化性树脂100质量份,需要填充200~1300质量份的无机填充材料,以改善成型品的翘曲。
通常,在半导体的密封树脂组合物中,众所周知,通过填充粒径为50μm以上,期望为100μm左右的填充材料,可以高填充化。然而,可得知当填充可高填充的填充材料来作为容置LED元件的凹型形状反射器材料时,如果壁厚为200μm左右,则存在粒径为100μm左右的填充材料,当利用与树脂的折射率接近的填充材料时,光容易漏出至外部。
根据上述见解,本发明人们发现以下事项:如果使用如下所述的具有2种粒度分布的无机填充材料的热固化性树脂组合物,作为LED用反射器材料,以防止漏光,则此热固化性树脂组合物可以提供一种耐热、耐光性优异且外部漏光也较少的固化物,并且可用于成型LED用反射器。
即,本发明人们发现一种LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,它作为LED用反射器材料较为有用,其特征在于,其含有:
(A)热固化性树脂100质量份;
(B)至少1种白色颜料3~200质量份,所述白色颜料是选自氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化镁、碳酸钡、硅酸镁、硫酸锌、及硫酸钡;及,
(C)无机填充材料200~1300质量份,至少包含下述(C-1)成分和下述(C-2)成分,且排除(B)成分;其中,
(C-1)至少1种无机填充材料100~1000质量份,其平均粒径为30μm~100μm,且折射率与前述(A)成分的热固化性树脂的固化物的折射率的差为0.05以上;
(C-2)至少1种无机填充材料100~800质量份,其平均粒径不足30μm。
以下,更详细地说明本发明。
<(A)热固化性树脂>
作为本发明的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物中的(A)成分的热固化性树脂,并无特别限定,具有代表性的有环氧树脂、硅酮树脂、及由环氧树脂与硅酮树脂所组成的混合物(环氧和硅酮混成树脂)等。
作为环氧树脂,通常使用酸酐固化型环氧树脂。作为环氧树脂,也可以使用甲酚清漆(cresol novolac)型、苯酚清漆(phenol novolac)型、双酚A型、联苯(biphenyl)型等环氧树脂;及脂环式环氧树脂等任何环氧树脂。
并且,作为环氧树脂,从耐热、耐光性方面来看,期望为三嗪衍生物环氧树脂。三嗪衍生物环氧树脂,抑制热固化性树脂组合物的固化物的变黄,并实现历时劣化较少的半导体发光装置。作为所述三嗪衍生物环氧树脂,优选为1,3,5-三嗪核衍生物环氧树脂。尤其是具有异氰脲酸酯环的环氧树脂,耐光性和电气绝缘性优异,相对于1个异氰脲酸酯环,期望为具有2价的、更优选为3价的环氧基。具体来说,可以使用三(2,3-环氧丙基)异氰脲酸酯、三(α-甲基缩水甘油基)异氰脲酸酯、及三(α-甲基缩水甘油基)异氰脲酸酯等。而且,三嗪衍生物环氧树脂的软化点优选为90~125℃。
并且,在本发明中,也可以将三嗪衍生物环氧树脂与酸酐,按环氧基当量/酸酐基当量0.6~2.0调配,优选为在抗氧化剂及/或固化催化剂的存在下反应,并使用所得的固体粉碎物,作为树脂成分。
酸酐是作为固化剂而发挥作用,为了提供耐光性,优选为非芳香族,且不具有双键,可以列举例如:六氢无水邻苯二甲酸、甲基六氢无水邻苯二甲酸、三烷基四氢无水邻苯二甲酸、及氢化甲基纳迪克酸酐等,其中,优选为甲基六氢无水邻苯二甲酸。这些酸酐系固化剂,可以单独使用1种,或并用2种以上。
作为酸酐系固化剂的调配量,相对于上述的三嗪衍生物环氧树脂的环氧基1当量,酸酐基为0.6~2.0当量,优选为1.0~2.0当量,更优选为1.2~1.6当量。如果为0.6当量以上,就无需担心产生固化不良、及可靠性降低,因而优选。并且,如果为2.0当量以下,就无需担心未反应固化剂残留在固化物中并使所得的固化物的耐湿性恶化,因而优选。
并且,作为本发明的热固化性树脂组合物中的(A)成分的热固化性树脂,可以列举硅酮树脂。
作为热固化性硅酮树脂,可以列举利用聚缩反应或氢化硅烷化反应固化而成的热固化性硅酮树脂。以下示出代表的热固化性硅酮树脂。
(1)利用聚缩反应固化的类型
R1 aSi(OR2)b(OH)cO(4-a-b-c)/2 (1)
(式中,R1表示相同或不同种类的碳数1~20的有机基,R2表示相同或不同种类的碳数1~4的有机基,a、b、c为0.8≤a≤1.5、0≤b≤0.3、0.001≤c≤0.5,并且满足0.801≤a+b+c<2的数值)。
(2)由(2-1)含有烯基的硅酮树脂与(2-2)含有氢化硅烷基的硅酮树脂的利用铂催化剂等的加成反应而固化的类型
(2-1)含有烯基的硅酮树脂
R3 dR4 eR5 f(OR6)gSiO(4-d-e-f-g)/2 (2)
(式中,R3为相互独立地不具有烯基和芳基的取代或未被取代的一价烃基;R4为芳基,R5为烯基,R6为氢原子、甲基及乙基中的任一个;d为0.4~1.0的数值,e为0~0.5的数值,f为0.05~0.5的数值,g为0~0.5的数值,其中,满足d+e+f+g=1.0~2.0的数值)。
由前述通式(2)所示的含有烯基的硅酮树脂,主体为树脂结构(即,三维网状结构)的有机聚硅氧烷。树脂结构的有机聚硅氧烷,优选为是由R8SiO1.5单元、R7 kR8 pSiO单元及R7 qR8 rSiO0.5单元(在前述式中,R7为乙烯基或烯丙基,R8是与上述R3及R4相同的基团,优选为苯基;k为0或1的整数,p为1或2的整数,并且满足k+p=2的数值,q为1~3的整数,r为0~2的整数,并且满足q+r=3的数值)所组成的有机聚硅氧烷。
优选为,当使R8SiO1.5单元为T单元,R7 kR8 pSiO单元为D单元,R7 qR8 rSiO0.5单元为M单元时,以摩尔比为(D+M)/T=0.01~1、优选为0.1~0.5,且M/T=0.05~3、优选为0.1~0.5的量,来构成树脂结构的有机聚硅氧烷。并且,该有机聚硅氧烷,利用凝胶渗透色谱(Gel PermeationChromatography,GPC)所测定的换算为聚苯乙烯的重量平均分子量,优选为在500~10,000的范围内。
除了上述T单元、D单元、及M单元以外,树脂结构的有机聚硅氧烷还可以进一步含有少量其他双官能性硅氧烷单元、三官能性硅氧烷单元、及四官能性硅氧烷单元。
将作为上述T单元、D单元、及M单元的单元源的化合物,按照上述摩尔比组合,例如通过在酸的存在下进行共水解反应,可以容易地合成树脂结构的有机聚硅氧烷。
作为T单元源,可以使用:苯基三氯硅烷、苯基三甲氧基硅烷、苯基三乙氧基硅烷、环己基三氯硅烷、环己基三甲氧基硅烷、环己基三乙氧基硅烷、环戊基三氯硅烷、n-丙基三氯硅烷、甲基三氯硅烷、甲基三甲氧基硅烷、及甲基三乙氧基硅烷等。
作为D单元源,可以使用下述单元源。
作为M单元源,可以使用下述单元源。
并且,除了上述有机聚硅氧烷以外,还可以向固化物中适时调配下述有机聚硅氧烷,以谋求适度的柔软性和低弹性化。
作为此种可以调配的有机聚硅氧烷,可以列举具有直链状结构的有机聚硅氧烷,其中,该直链状结构的主链是由二有机硅氧烷单元(R2SiO2/2单元)重复而组成,分子链两末端是由三有机硅氧基(R3SiO1/2单元)封端(在前述式中,R是指与R3、R4、或R5相同的基团)。
其中,从操作性及固化性等观点来看,优选为,直链状有机聚硅氧烷是由下述式(3)所表示,且两末端各具有1个以上的乙烯基,25℃中的粘度为10~1,000,000mPa.s,优选为1,000~50,000mPa.s。粘度可以利用例如旋转粘度计来测定。该直链状的有机聚硅氧烷,在分子链中还可以含有少量的支链状结构。
(式中,R3及R4如上所述,R'为R3或R4;h为1、2或3的整数)。
在上述式(3)中,x、y及z是满足1≤x+y+z≤1,000的0或正整数,优选为5≤x+y+z≤500,更优选为30≤x+y+z≤500,其中满足0.5<(x+y)/(x+y+z)≤1.0的整数。
作为这种由上述式(3)所表示的有机聚硅氧烷,具体可以列举下述有机聚硅氧烷。
(在上述式中,x、y、z如上所述)。
(2-2)含有氢化硅烷基的硅酮树脂
由下述通式(4)及/或下述平均化学式(5)所表示的有机氢聚硅氧烷
(式中,R9为相互独立地不具有烯基的取代或未被取代的一价烃基,R10为氢,n为1~10的整数)。
R11 iR12 jHkSiO(4-i-j-k)/2 (5)
(式中,R11为相互独立地不包含烯基和芳基的取代或未被取代的一价烃基;R12为芳基,i为0.6~1.5的数值,j为0~0.5的数值,k为0.4~1.0的数值,其中满足i+j+k=1.0~2.5的数值)。
作为这种有机氢聚硅氧烷,可以列举:三(二甲基氢硅氧基)甲基硅烷、三(二甲基氢硅氧基)苯基硅烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷、1,3,5,7-四甲基环四硅氧烷、两末端经三甲基硅氧基封端的甲基氢聚硅氧烷、两末端经三甲基硅氧基封端的二甲基硅氧烷/甲基氢硅氧烷共聚物、两末端经二甲基氢硅氧基封端的二甲基硅氧烷/甲基氢硅氧烷共聚物、两末端经三甲基硅氧基封端的甲基氢硅氧烷/二苯基硅氧烷共聚物、两末端经三甲基硅氧基封端的甲基氢硅氧烷/二苯基硅氧烷/二甲基硅氧烷共聚物、由(CH3)2HSiO1/2单元与SiO4/2单元组成的共聚物、以及由(CH3)2HSiO1/2单元、SiO4/2单元及(C6H5)SiO3/2单元组成的共聚物等。
并且,也可以使用由下述结构所表示的有机氢聚硅氧烷。
优选为,相对于(2-1)含有烯基的硅酮树脂中的烯基1当量,含有氢化硅烷基的硅酮树脂的氢化硅烷基的合计当量为0.5~4.0当量,优选为0.8~2.0当量,更优选为0.9~1.5当量。如果为0.5当量以上,就无需担心难以不进行加成反应地获得固化物。并且,如果为4.0当量以下,就无需担心未反应的氢化硅烷基会大量残存于固化物中而导致物性历时变化,因而优选。
并且,还可以使用将上述的环氧树脂与硅酮树脂混合的混成树脂(环氧/硅酮混成树脂)。
<(B)白色颜料>
在本发明的热固化性树脂组合物中,调配选自氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化镁、碳酸钡、硅酸镁、硫酸锌、及硫酸钡的白色颜料,来作为(B)成分。
白色颜料是作为白色着色剂而调配,用以提高白度,这些可以单独使用或并用多种。其中,优选使用二氧化钛,此二氧化钛的晶胞可以为金红石型、锐钛型、板钛型中的任一种。并且,平均粒径或形状也无限定,平均粒径一般为0.05~5.0μm,优选为0.1~2μm。而且,平均粒径可以是作为利用激光衍射法的粒度分布测定中的质量平均值D50(或中值粒径)来求得。
相对于(A)成分即热固化性树脂成分100质量份,(B)成分调配为3~200份,优选为5~150份。如果不足3质量份,就不能获得充分的白度。并且,如果超过200质量份,则不仅为了提高机械强度而添加的其他成分的比例变小,而且成型性也可能显著降低。
<(C)无机填充材料>
本发明的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物中所包含的(C)成分为无机填充材料,所述无机填充材料,至少包含下述(C-1)成分和下述(C-2)成分,且排除前述(B)成分。即,(C)成分是具有至少2种粒度分布的无机填充材料,以防止漏光。
(C-1)至少1种无机填充材料,其平均粒径为30μm~100μm,且折射率与前述(A)成分的热固化性树脂的固化物的折射率存在0.05以上的差;
(C-2)无机填充材料,其平均粒径不足30μm,并且包含除了前述(C-1)成分以外的至少1种无机填充材料。
<(C-1)成分>
作为(C-1)成分,需要使用平均粒径为30μm~100μm的无机填充材料,且该填充材料的折射率与固化的(A)成分的热固化性树脂的折射率(用Na原子的D线(明线光谱)测定)相差0.05以上,根据所使用的热固化性树脂的折射率来选择。
当使用与固化的(A)成分的热固化性树脂的折射率的差不足0.05的折射率的无机填充材料时,光容易透过固化树脂组合物内,从而导致光漏出至外部。
平均粒径优选为30~70μm,更优选为35~60μm。在此,平均粒径可以作为利用激光衍射法的粒度分布测定中的质量平均值D50(或中值粒径)来求得。
当(A)成分的热固化性树脂为环氧树脂时,由于固化的环氧树脂(固化树脂)的折射率为1.50~1.55左右,因此,可以列举具有1.55以上的折射率的氧化铝、铝硅酸盐、锆石、及稀土类氧化物(氧化钇、氧化镧)等,作为(C-1)成分。
当(A)成分的热固化性树脂为硅酮树脂或环氧树脂与硅酮树脂的混合物(环氧和硅酮混成树脂)时,由于固化后的树脂的折射率为1.41~1.53左右,因此,可以列举具有1.47以上的折射率的方石英、氧化铝、铝硅酸盐、锆石、稀土类氧化物(氧化钇、氧化镧)等,作为(C-1)成分。
这些无机填充材料的形状并无特别问题,但尤其期望为球状,以便尽量减少高填充化或与混揉装置的磨耗。作为球形度,优选为0.7~1.0。
作为(C-1)成分的填充量,相对于(A)成分的热固化性树脂100质量份,为100~1000质量份。并且,与后述(C-2)成分的合计量为200~1300质量份的量。当(C-1)成分的无机填充材料的添加量不足100质量份时,粗粒区域的粉末过少,而无法高填充化。并且,当为超过1000质量份的量时,粗粒区域的粉末反而较多,而使粘度变高,成型性降低。
<(C-2)成分>
另一方面,平均粒径不足30μm的(C-2)成分的细粉无机填充材料的折射率,并无特别限制。优选的平均粒径为0.01μm~25μm,更优选为1~20μm,尤其优选为3~15μm。
(C-2)成分并无特别限制,满足上述平均粒度的无机填充材料即可,可以例示硅石或(C-1)成分中所例示的粒径较小的无机填充材料(平均粒径不足30μm)等,优选为球状。由于需要尽量缩小反射器的价格、因与混揉装置磨耗而导致的污染、及固化树脂组合物的膨胀系数,因此,优选为熔融硅石,尤其优选为球状的熔融硅石。
作为(C-2)成分的填充量,相对于(A)成分的热固化性树脂100质量份,为100~800质量份,优选为200~600质量份。当(C-2)成分不足100质量份时,小粒径的粒度的粉末过少,可能导致当传递成型或压缩成型等成型时,流动性不足,而无法制造反射器;当为超过800质量份的量时,粉末的粒度分布过于偏小,而使粘度变高,流动性降低。
并且,除了上述无机填充材料以外,还可以使用细粉硅石、细粉氧化铝、氮化硅、氮化铝、氮化硼、三氧化二锑、以及玻璃纤维、钙硅石等纤维状无机填充材料。
<其他成分>
·粘着助剂
本发明除了上述(A)~(C)成分以外,还可以调配硅系粘着助剂、硅烷偶联剂、及钛酸酯偶联剂等粘着助剂,以改善与引线框架等的粘着。
作为硅系粘着助剂,可以例示分子中具有烷氧基与环氧基等有机官能性基团的硅氧烷化合物、或分子中具有氢化硅烷基(SiH基)与环氧基等有机官能性基团的硅氧烷化合物等;作为硅烷偶联剂,优选使用例如:γ-缩水甘油醚丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、及β-(3,4-环氧环己基)乙基三甲氧基硅烷等环氧基官能性烷氧硅烷;N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-苯基-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷等氨基官能性烷氧硅烷;及,γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷等巯基官能性烷氧硅烷等。而且,相对于(A)成分100质量份,偶联剂的调配量优选为0.01~10质量份,尤其优选为0.1~5质量份。
·各种添加剂
可以进一步根据需要,向本发明的热固化性树脂组合物中,调配各种添加剂。可以添加调配以下添加剂,例如:反应性控制剂、脱模剂、用于改善树脂性质的各种硅酮粉末、热塑性树脂、热塑弹性体、及有机合成橡胶等。
<LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物的制造方法>
作为本发明的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物的制造方法,例如可以按照特定的组成比,调配(A)热固化性树脂、(B)白色颜料、(C)无机填充材料、及其他添加物等,并利用搅拌器等将它们充分均匀地混合,然后利用加热辊(heated roll)、捏合机(kneader)及挤压机(extruder)等进行熔融混合处理,接着冷却固化,粉碎成适当的大小,来作为热固化性树脂组合物。
<LED用反射器>
本发明的热固化性树脂组合物是用于成型LED用反射器的热固化性树脂组合物,作为该反射器的最普通的成型方法,可以列举传递成型法或压缩成型法。
利用传递成型法,优选为使用传递成型机,在成型压力为5~20N/mm2、成型温度为120~190℃、成型时间为30~500秒的条件下,尤其是在成型温度为120~180℃、成型时间为30~300秒的条件下进行。
利用压缩成型法,优选为使用压缩成型机,在成型温度为120~190℃、成型时间为30~600秒的条件下,尤其是成型温度为120~180℃、成型时间为120~420秒的条件下进行。
进一步,在任一成型方法中,都可以在150~185℃下,进行2~20小时的后固化。
如图1中(A)所示,可以制造反射器基板10,所述反射器基板10形成有使用上述本发明的热固化性树脂组合物而成型的矩阵式凹型反射器1。并且,如图2中(A)所示,可以制造反射器基板10',所述反射器基板10'形成有使用上述本发明的热固化性树脂组合物而成型的矩阵式平面型反射器1'。
<光半导体装置>
可以使用上述LED用反射器,来制造光半导体装置。
具体来说,当使用形成有图1所示的矩阵式凹型反射器1的反射器基板10时,在切断该矩阵状反射器基板10之前,使用硅酮芯片粘合剂(LPS-8445S信越化学工业(Shin-Etsu Chemical Co.,Ltd.)制造),将发光元件3(LED元件)固定在存在于反射器基板10的各个凹部(元件载持区域)的芯片焊垫(晶座(die pad))2上,在150℃下加热1小时,从而使发光元件3固着。然后,用金线4将发光元件3与引线框架5电性连接。然后,利用灌注(potting),使调配有透明的硅酮树脂(LPS5547信越化学工业制造)和荧光体等的透明硅酮树脂6等,流入到反射器基板10的凹部中,并在120℃下加热固化1小时,进一步在150℃下加热固化2小时,从而密封。透明硅酮树脂6的密封,也可以以利用灌注的方法、或传递成型或压缩成型等密封方法,同时形成为透镜形状等。
当使用形成有图2中(A)所示的矩阵式平面型反射器1'的反射器基板10'时,在将反射器基板10'切断之前,使用硅酮芯片粘合剂(LPS-8445S信越化学工业制造),将发光元件(LED元件)3,固定于反射器基板10'上存在的各个芯片焊垫2上,并在150℃下加热1小时,由此粘附发光元件(LED元件)3。然后,以金线4将发光元件3与引线框架5电性连接。然后,利用传递成型或压缩成型等,在120℃、3分钟的固化条件下,将调配有透明的硅酮树脂(LPS-5538信越化学工业制造)和荧光体等的透明硅酮树脂6等成型密封成透镜形状,进一步在150℃下加热固化2小时。在图2中(B)中,示出载持并密封有发光元件3的反射器基板10'的C-C'剖面图。
然后,载持并密封有发光元件的反射器基板10、反射器基板10'中的任一个,都可以利用切割、激光加工、及水射加工等,进行切断、单片、单体化,而获得光半导体装置。在图1中(B)中,示出将凹部中载持并密封有发光元件的反射器基板10切割所得的光半导体装置100的俯视图及剖面图。
而且,即便使用本发明的热固化性树脂组合物,成型图3所示的单片型反射器101,也没有任何问题。102表示引线框架。
由于利用使用本发明的热固化性树脂组合物而成型的LED用反射器,从而反射器表面与密封树脂即透明硅酮树脂的粘着较为牢固,且不会因反射器表面的光而导致劣化,因此,光半导体装置(LED装置)的可靠性显著提高。
[实施例]
以下,示出实施例及比较例,具体地说明本发明,但本发明并不限定于下述实施例。而且,在下述记载中,份是表示质量份。
实施例、比较例中所使用的、由下述表1、表2所表示的原料的合成例及详细情况如下所示。
(合成例1)热固化性树脂A1(环氧树脂)的合成
预先利用反应槽,将三嗪衍生物环氧树脂(TEPIC-S)45质量份、酸酐(Rikacid MH)55质量份、抗氧化剂(亚磷酸三苯酯)3质量份、及催化剂用量的咪唑系催化剂(2E4MZ),在100℃下熔融混合,冷却固化后(软化点为60℃)粉碎,而获得(A)成分的热固化性树脂A1(固化物的折射率:1.54)。
并且,上述合成例1所使用的各反应原料如下所述。
·三嗪衍生物环氧树脂
三(2,3-环氧丙基)异氰酸酯(TEPIC-S:日产化学(股)(Nissan ChemicalIndustries,Ltd.)制造商品名,环氧基当量100)
·酸酐
非碳碳双键酸酐:甲基六氢无水邻苯二甲酸(Rikacid MH:新日本理化(股)(New Japan Chemical Co.,Ltd.)制造商品名)
·抗氧化剂
磷系抗氧化剂:亚磷酸三苯酯(和光纯药(股)(Wako Pure ChemicalIndustries,Ltd.)制造商品名)
·咪唑系催化剂:2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑(2E4MZ:四国化成(股)(ChemicalsCorporation)制造商品名)
·二氧化钛:金红石型(R-45M:堺化学工业(股)(Sakai Chemical IndustryCo.,Ltd.)制造商品名)
(合成例2)热固化性树脂A2(含有硅烷醇基的硅酮树脂)的合成
将甲基三氯硅烷100质量份、甲苯200质量份装入1L的烧瓶中,在冰冷条件下,将水8质量份、异丙醇60质量份的混合液在液下滴下。在内部温度为-5~0℃下,经过5~20小时滴下,然后加热,在回流温度下搅拌20分钟。然后,冷却至室温,将12质量份的水在30℃以下,以30分钟滴下,并搅拌20分钟。进一步滴下25质量份的水,然后在40~45℃下搅拌60分钟。然后,装入200质量份的水,并分离有机层。清洗此有机层,直至成为中性,然后通过进行共沸脱水、过滤、减压剥离,来获得无色透明的固体(熔点76℃)36.0质量份的热固化性树脂A2。固化后的树脂的折射率为1.41。
并且,除了上述热固化性树脂A1、热固化性树脂A2以外,使用以下的含有烯基的硅酮树脂(以下的合成例3中所得的A3-1、以下所示的A3-2)及含有氢化硅烷基的硅酮树脂(以下所示的A3-3、A3-4、及A3-5),作为(A)成分的热固化性树脂。
(合成例3)含有乙烯基的有机聚硅氧烷(A3-1)的合成
在烧瓶中加入二甲苯1000g、水5014g,并滴下将苯基三氯硅烷2285g(10.8mol)、二甲基乙烯基氯硅烷(vinyl dimethyl chlorosilane)326g(2.70mol)、及二甲苯1478g混合的混合物。滴下结束后搅拌3小时,废酸分离并水洗。共沸脱水后,加入KOH0.6g(0.015mol),在150℃下进行4小时加热回流。然后,利用三甲基氯硅烷2.7g(0.025mol)、乙酸钾2.5g(0.025mol)中和过滤后,减压馏出溶剂,合成透明且在室温下为固体的硅氧烷树脂(A3-1)。乙烯基当量为0.0013mol/g,羟基含有量为0.01质量%。软化点为65℃。
作为含有乙烯基的直链状有机聚硅氧烷(A3-2),使用以下有机聚硅氧烷。
CH2=CH-Si(CH3)2O-(-Si(CH3)2O-)35-(Si(CH3)(CH=CH2)O-)5-(Si(CH3)(C6H6)O-)10-Si(CH3)2-CH=CH2
乙烯基当量为0.0015mol/g
作为有机氢聚硅氧烷(A3-3),使用下述结构的有机氢聚硅氧烷(0.00377mol/g)。
(n=2.0(平均值),X:氢原子,SiH基当量为0.403,Ph表示苯基)
作为有机氢聚硅氧烷(A3-4),使用下述结构的有机氢聚硅氧烷(0.0069mol/g)。
作为有机氢聚硅氧烷(A3-5),使用下述结构的有机氢聚硅氧烷(0.0076mol/g)。
作为(B)成分的白色颜料,使用以下颜料。
(1)氧化钛(CR-95:石原产业(股)(Ishihara Sangyo Co.,Ltd.)制造):金红石型平均粒径0.28mm)
(2)氧化锌(三井金属(Mitsui Mining&Smelting Co.,Ltd.)制造)
(3)氧化镁(和光化学(Wako Chemicals)制造平均粒径10μm)
(4)碳酸钡(和光化学制造纯度99%)
(5)硫酸钡(和光化学制造)
(6)硅酸镁(岸田化学(Kishida Chemical Co.,Ltd.)制造纯度90%)
作为(C)成分的无机填充剂,使用以下无机填充剂。
(1)熔融球状硅石(S-1):平均粒径10μm,折射率1.43,比重2.2
(2)熔融球状硅石(S-2):平均粒径55μm,折射率1.43,比重2.2
(3)熔融球状硅石(S-3):平均粒径19μm,折射率1.43,比重2.2
(4)球状方石英:平均粒径48μm,折射率1.54,比重2.3
(5)球状铝硅酸盐:平均粒径45μm,折射率1.65,比重2.5
(6)球状氧化铝:平均粒径43μm,折射率1.76,比重3.9
(7)氧化锆:平均粒径38μm,折射率2.4,比重6.5
(8)球状氧化钇Y2O3:平均粒径41μm,折射率1.82,比重:8.6
(9)氧化镧La2O3:平均粒径40μm,折射率1.88,比重:6.5
此外,使用表1、表2所示的以下的成分。
(D)加成反应催化剂
氯铂酸的辛醇改性溶液(铂浓度2质量%)
(E)反应抑制剂
下述式所表示的化合物(EMDC)
(F)脱模剂
Rikestar EW440A(理研维他命株式会社(Riken Vitamin Co.,Ltd.)制造)
(G)增粘剂
由下述式所示的增粘剂
H-1
(上述式中,j为2,h为1,s为3,t为6,u为9)。
表1
表2
(实施例1~实施例12、比较例1~比较例4)
以表1、表2所示的调配(质量份),调配热固化性树脂、白色颜料、及无机填充剂,除此以外还调配有加成反应催化剂、反应抑制材料、脱模剂、增粘剂、及偶联剂(KBM403E(信越化学工业制造)、KBM803(信越化学工业制造))等,利用双辊(twin roll)混揉,而获得热固化性树脂组合物。而且,实施例1~实施例12中,作为无机填充材料,包含(C-1)及(C-2),其中,(C-1)为至少1种无机填充材料,平均粒径为30μm~100μm,且折射率与前述(A)成分的热固化性树脂的固化物的折射率的差为0.05以上;(C-2)为至少1种无机填充材料,平均粒径不足30μm。另一方面,比较例1~比较例4中,作为无机填充材料,包含前述(C-1)及(C-2)中的任一种,或都不包含。
使用实施例1~实施例12、比较例1~4中所得的热固化性树脂组合物,测定以下各特性。结果示于表3。全部成型都是使用传递成型机,在成型温度为175℃、成型压力为6.9N/mm2、成型时间为180秒的条件下进行。
<螺旋流值(spiral flow value)>
使用以微光显微镜(Emission Microscope,EMMI)标准为基准的金属模具,在成型温度为175℃、成型压力为6.9N/mm2、成型时间为120秒的条件下进行。
<室温下的弯曲强度、弯曲弹性率>
使用以JIS-K6911标准为基准的金属模具,在成型温度为175℃、成型压力为6.9N/mm2、成型时间为120秒的条件下成型,然后将在150℃下后固化2小时的试样放入室温(25℃)中,测定弯曲强度与弯曲弹性率。
<光反射率>
在成型温度为175℃、成型压力为6.9N/mm2、成型时间为120秒的条件下,制作1边为50mm、厚度为0.35mm的正方形的固化物,使用SDG(股)制造X-rite8200,测定450nm的光反射率。
<漏光试验(透光率)>
作为漏光试验,向成型为300微米厚的实施例1~实施例12、比较例1~比较例4的热固化性树脂组合物的试样上,照射450nm的光,测定透过的光的量。使比较例1的试样的透光率为1.0,将此时各试样的相对值示于表3。可以确认以下事项:相较于比较例1~比较例4所制造的试样,使用利用实施例1~实施例12的热固化性树脂组合物成型的反射器的试样的光的漏出非常少。
表3
(实施例13)反射器的成型与物性
如图1(A)所示,使用整面镀银的铜引线框架,作为引线框架5,在下述成型条件下,利用实施例1~实施例12中制造的热固化性树脂组合物,将矩阵式凹型反射器1传递成型,制作出矩阵式凹型反射器基板10(在长50mm、宽55mm的铜板状上,使长40mm、宽50mm的反射器1成型,所述反射器1共形成有130个开口部直径为3mm且高度为0.3mm的凹部)。并且,使用比较例1~比较例4的热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,进行同样的步骤。
成型条件如下所述。
成型温度:170℃、成型压力:70Kg/cm2、成型时间:3分钟
进一步在170℃下进行2小时后固化。
使用本发明的热固化性树脂组合物所得的反射器基板中,引线框架与树脂组合物的密接性也较为良好。另外,测定各个矩阵式的反射器基板的翘曲,结果示于上述表3。反射器基板的翘曲是在树脂侧以对角线的两个方向,测定经过后固化的上述反射器基板,并以平均值表示。
可知使用本发明的热固化性树脂组合物所得的反射器基板的翘曲得以被抑制。
其次,如图1所示,利用硅酮芯片粘合剂(品名:LPS-8445S,信越化学(股)制造),在使用实施例1~实施例12的热固化性树脂组合物所制造的矩阵式凹型反射器基板10的各个凹状底边所露出的引线框架5上,粘着固定蓝色LED元件3,并利用金线4与另一引线框架5电性连接。然后,将硅酮密封剂6(LPS-5547:信越化学(股)制造)分别注入已配置有LED元件3的凹部中,在120℃下固化1小时,进一步在150℃下固化1小时并密封。并且,使用比较例1~比较例4的热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,进行同样的步骤。
利用切割完成密封步骤的矩阵式凹型反射器基板,来进行单片化,而获得LED装置。
使用这些经过单片型的LED装置,将LED点亮,用肉眼确认反射器底面部的漏光。相较于比较例1~比较例4中制造的反射器,使用利用实施例1~实施例12的组合物所制造的反射器的LED装置的光的漏出非常少。
并且,将利用实施例1~实施例12的组合物所制造的LED装置,在25℃、湿度80%的环境中放置48小时后,在260℃的回流炉中通过3次。然后,调查封装表面或元件表面与密封树脂的粘着不良。使用利用本发明的热固化性树脂组合物(实施例1~实施例12)成型的反射器的LED装置,完全未产生剥离不良。
另外,本发明并不限定于上述实施方式。上述实施方式为例示,具有与本发明的权利要求书所述的技术思想实质相同的结构、并发挥相同发挥作用效果的技术方案,均包含在本发明的技术范围内。
Claims (13)
1.一种LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其特征在于,其含有:
(A)热固化性树脂100质量份;
(B)至少1种白色颜料3~200质量份,所述白色颜料是选自氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化锆、氧化镁、碳酸钡、硅酸镁、硫酸锌、及硫酸钡;及,
(C)无机填充材料200~1300质量份,至少包含下述(C-1)成分和下述(C-2)成分,且排除前述(B)成分,
(C-1)至少1种无机填充材料100~1000质量份,其平均粒径为30μm~100μm,且折射率与前述(A)成分的热固化性树脂的固化物的折射率的差为0.05以上,
(C-2)至少1种无机填充材料100~800质量份,其平均粒径不足30μm。
2.如权利要求1所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其中,前述(A)成分的热固化性树脂为环氧树脂、硅酮树脂、及环氧/硅酮混成树脂中的任一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其中,前述(C-1)成分的无机填充材料为方石英、铝硅酸盐、氧化铝、及稀土类氧化物中的任一种以上。
4.如权利要求2所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其中,前述(C-1)成分的无机填充材料为方石英、铝硅酸盐、氧化铝、及稀土类氧化物中的任一种以上。
5.如权利要求1所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其中,作为前述(C)成分的(C-1)成分和(C-2)成分中的至少一方为球状。
6.如权利要求2所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其中,作为前述(C)成分的(C-1)成分和(C-2)成分中的至少一方为球状。
7.如权利要求3所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其中,作为前述(C)成分的(C-1)成分和(C-2)成分中的至少一方为球状。
8.如权利要求4所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其中,作为前述(C)成分的(C-1)成分和(C-2)成分中的至少一方为球状。
9.如权利要求1至8中的任一项所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,其中,前述LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物,是利用聚缩反应或氢化硅烷化反应固化而成。
10.一种LED用反射器,其特征在于,其是利用权利要求1至8中的任一项所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物而成型。
11.一种LED用反射器,其特征在于,其是利用权利要求9所述的LED的反射器用热固化性硅酮树脂组合物而成型。
12.一种光半导体装置,其特征在于,其使用权利要求10所述的LED用反射器。
13.一种光半导体装置,其特征在于,其使用权利要求11所述的LED用反射器。
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JP5756054B2 (ja) | 2015-07-29 |
TWI617607B (zh) | 2018-03-11 |
TW201402675A (zh) | 2014-01-16 |
KR20130116814A (ko) | 2013-10-24 |
US8877849B2 (en) | 2014-11-04 |
US20130271999A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
KR101948327B1 (ko) | 2019-02-14 |
CN103374206B (zh) | 2017-04-26 |
JP2013221077A (ja) | 2013-10-28 |
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