CN103315196B - Method for bundling and ensiling rice straws - Google Patents
Method for bundling and ensiling rice straws Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103315196B CN103315196B CN201310268944.2A CN201310268944A CN103315196B CN 103315196 B CN103315196 B CN 103315196B CN 201310268944 A CN201310268944 A CN 201310268944A CN 103315196 B CN103315196 B CN 103315196B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- straw
- rice
- ensiling
- stalk
- square
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for bundling and ensiling rice straws. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: immediately collecting the rice straws after rice is harvested, inoculating lactic acid bacteria, compressing the straws into square grass blocks and bundling by using straw banders; piling up the bundled grass blocks in a silage pit or a lew with a cement ground; tamping a gap between the adjacent two square grass blocks by a packing material after piling up each layer; orderly piling up upwards, covering and sealing by a plastic film after piling up, and storing for at least one month, and transferring ensiled silage materials to normal storage, wherein the weight of the inoculum concentration of the lactic acid bacteria accounts for 0.5-1.0% of the weight of the rice straws.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of rice straw ensilage, is a kind of approach that a kind of crops straw stalk feedization is utilized, and belongs to Agriculture Ecological Environment Protection field.
Background technology
In recent years, along with crop yield improves year by year, Rural Urbanization Development and life of farmers level further promote, agricultural crop straw generation significantly increases, meanwhile, stalk progressively declines as the proportion of utilization of bavin firewood, excessive stalk abandoned is at the edge of a field, roadside or irrigation canals and ditches, by river course, or burned by the edge of a field, give ecological environment and life, property safety has been brought great hidden danger, and on the other hand, owing to ploughing, reduce, aquaculture development, south plant-eating animal more and more depends on the supply of northern roughage, and then affect plant-eating animal and develop in a healthy way, therefore, how to coordinate the excessive contradiction with roughage wretched insufficiency of stalk, it is pendulum one of problem demanding prompt solution in face of agricultural environment and herding production work person.
For stalk, special south rice straw ensiling or microbiological fermented feed utilize problem, and China governments at all levels have all given great attention, and have dropped into a large amount of manpower and materials, have carried out scientific research targetedly, and have formed a collection of patented technology and practical technique.
Publication number is CN200810017434.7 patent, a kind of ensiling store method of agricultural crop straw is provided, and is the harvesting season crops, by after the straw chopping of fresh crops, be transported in storage warehouse, pile up, compacting, with the sealing of EPDM rubberized fabric, make it under the condition of airtight anoxia, by the fermentation of anaerobism lactic acid bacteria, suppress the breeding of various miscellaneous bacterias, thereby obtain fresh-keeping and storing.Ensiling agricultural crop straw, can keep more than 90% freshness and 80%～90% nutrition, and can deposit 2～3 years.
Publication number CN102885198A patent, a kind of breathing bag micro-storage banana straw feed and preparation method have been invented, this patent combines the highly active breathing bag of a kind of assurance microorganism, in bag, efficiently complete micro-storage omnidistance, transport storage period, also be micro-storage fermentation sync period, solved the primary condition of large-scale industrial production and transportation.
Publication number CN102630860A patent, the quick ensiling complex microorganism additive of a kind of maize straw, by aspergillus oryzae, plant lactobacillus, plant lactobacillus and streptococcus lactis, mix and form, the step of its using method is as follows: 1) dark green maize straw is carried out to pulverization process, make maize straw powder; 2) organic carrier being mixed by corn flour and wheat bran is added in the stalk of pulverizing, mixes and make the moisture content of mixed material to remain on 65-70%, as ensiling raw material; 3) above-mentioned complex microorganism additive is evenly sprayed in above-mentioned ensiling raw material, spray the inorganic additive being mixed by salt, urea and water simultaneously, compacted density is 550-650kg/m3, and fermentation temperature is 25-30 ℃, airtight compacting anaerobic fermentation 24-26 days.
Publication number is CN102715350A patent, proposes a kind of production method of straw feed, and step is as follows: by crushed stalk, be 1) particulate material; 2) part stalk particle is carried out to ammonification processing with ammoniacal liquor or urea liquid, obtain ammoniated straw; 3) in part stalk particle raw material, add plant lactobacillus to carry out ensiling processing, obtain ensiling stalks; 4) stalk after part ammonification and corn cob granule are added to water and mix, add lactic acid or acetum that pH is adjusted to 5-6, add fermenting agent and mix, after fermentation, make straw degradative enzyme bent; 5) ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks and straw degradative enzyme song are mixed, add zymocyte liquid, after fermentation, obtain moisture stalk fermentation thing; 6) after fermentate is dry or granulation, obtain straw feed.Advantage of the present invention is: adopt efficient cellulignin degradation bacteria to make straw degradative enzyme bent, improve the nutrient content in degradation efficiency and feed; Material fermentation equipment needed thereby is simple, easy and simple to handle, has reduced the cost of feed making.
Publication number is the patent of CN102805206A, invent a kind of rice wheat straw and immediately reclaimed the method that fermented feedization is utilized, on the apparatus structure of the method design, comprised farm tractor, straw bundle chartered plane, straw ensiling zymotic fluid automatic spraying device, coating machine.According to paddy and wheat growth characteristic, in the paddy and wheat solid grouting later stage, gather in time, the stalk of generation adopted this device to collect coating in 3-5 days; During collection, farm tractor moves in field, drive straw bundle chartered plane to collect stalk, straw ensiling zymotic fluid automatic spraying device carries out zymotic fluid sprinkling inoculation by straw bundle chartered plane zymotic fluid dispensing port to becoming gradually large straw bundle in banding machine simultaneously, as straw bundle diameter 50cm, by straw bundle binding and by Straw bale dispensing port, launch; After straw bundle is launched, in 2-3 hour, be transported to hiding-place, use coating machine by straw bundle coating sealing silage fermentation, as the ensilage of Livestock.The present invention has realized simple and easy, low-cost, instant collection, the fodder utilization to stalk resource.
Publication number is that the patented invention of CN102370103A is a kind of rice straw ensilage method, and the method, comprising: (1) is cut into the bluish yellow rice straw just having gathered in the segment of 8-10cm; (2) rice straw cutting is stacked in horizental silo, and 100 cubes of every stackings are carried out compacting once, spray ensiling lactic acid bacteria fermenting agent simultaneously, continues up to stack rice straw and continues to spray ensiling lactic acid bacteria fermenting agent, until horizental silo is piled with after been sprayed; (3) after ensiling, in ensiling heap surrounding, spread plastic sheeting and seal, ensiling stalks is carried out to compaction treatment simultaneously, after ensiling integral sealing, press sandbag.
Publication number is the patent of CN101480233, processing and the Silaging method of the whole stalk standard of the fresh stalk of a kind of corn round bale have been invented, that the whole stalk of the fresh stalk of the corn of new results is adopted and alternately mated formation end to end, after compressing, tie up, cut by special-purpose machinery mode and method in accordance with regulations again, make the standard round bale of shape, specification and the elasticity with standard, then sealed type storage, as with plastic bag sealing, wrap up in bag sealing or cave dwelling sealing, after storing fermentation, become ensilage.The specification of standard ensiling round bale is diameter ￠ 400～600mm, length 700～900mm, elasticity 2.5～4.5; Sealing means has plastic bag sealing, wraps up in bag sealing and cave dwelling sealing; Banking system is longitudinal vertical display, and dense arrangement is also piled up as multilayer stocking and storing.
The patent of publication number CN2507559, has invented a kind of straw forage and has suppressed bag storing machine, and this equipment is smashed the parts such as device, auger type squeezer, pack device and formed by hammer slice type.Auger type squeezer is positioned at dead astern or the below that hammer slice type is smashed device, and two axial lines is parallel.Pack device is positioned at the front end of squeezer outbound course.The utility model can be used for forage grass ensiling and ammonification, saccharification are processed.During work, no matter fresh and dried forage grass feeds from feeding mouth, through pulverizing, compression exhaust, directly packs in polybag and stores.
Rice straw silage described in above patent or micro-storage all need crushed stalk to process, compacting, bag storage sealing or environmental sealing, due to Rice in Southern China Mai Lunzuoqu, during rice harvesting, crossed wheat Suitable Sowing Period, therefore, requirement is rush-harvested and rush-plant, the no matter seasonal or arrangement of labour, all be difficult to the time and the labour that guarantee that crushed stalk will spend, publication number is the method that CN101480233 has proposed corn ensilage, need to manually mat formation, when cutting seals with packed sealing or cave dwelling, need longitudinal vertical display, both time-consumingly also take a lot of work, be difficult to realize at short notice a large amount of straw ensiling targets.
summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: for current rice straw silage or micro-storage, need crushing straw and the time-consuming expensive shortcoming of taking a lot of work packed or plastic wraps sealing, the invention provides a kind of method of rice straw ensilage.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of method of rice straw ensilage, it is characterized in that: after rice harvesting, collect immediately rice straw, inoculating lactic acid microbial inoculum, utilize straw baler, after being compressed into square careless piece, ties up stalk, the Stalk Block of tying up is piled up in the lew on horizental silo or cement ground, often pile up one deck, with inserts, the gap between adjacent square careless piece is tamped, upwards pile up successively, after piling up, with plastic sheeting, cover sealing, at least store 1 month, the ensiling material that finishes ensiling proceeds to normal storage, described agent of lactic acid bacteria inoculum concentration is the 0.5-1.0% of rice straw weight.
In the present invention: the described rice straw of collecting immediately, refer to and adopt Integration Equipment synchronously rice straw to be collected immediately when rice harvesting, or adopt collecting machine, in 3 days after rice harvesting, carry out straw field pickup collection.
In the present invention: describedly stalk is compressed into square careless piece refers to: it is 0.3-0.5 ton/cubic meter that stalk is compressed to density, or during compression, till having liquid to flow out from bundling stalk; After being compressed into square careless piece, by the rope made of hemp or straw rope, tied up, the volume of square careless piece is 50～100cm * 50～100cm * 50～100cm.
In the present invention: described inserts refers to that fineness is by the milk cow of being rich in carbohydrate or the sheep feed in 20 order apertures.
In the present invention: described milk cow or sheep feed refer to rice chaff or wheat bran or vinasse.
In the present invention: after piling up, with plastic sheeting, cover sealing and refer to: after piling up in horizental silo, ensiling entrance of cellar is sealed with plastic sheeting; Or after piling up in the lew on cement ground, careless piece heap periphery and top are sealed with plastic sheeting.
In the present invention: after ensiling finishes, the pH value of ensiling material reaches 4.0-4.5, and lactic acid content reaches 1.2%-1.5%.
The invention has the advantages that: will after harvesting, still keep yellowish green rice straw, directly by quick, the easy compacting of compressing, binding method has been realized stalk, seal, rice straw is broken into square careless piece, be convenient to pile up, and the space that can reduce grass interblock while piling up, utilizes filler to fill the gap of careless interblock, has further reduced voidage in ensiling material, accelerate material anaerobic fermentation and acid production process, reduce the loss of digestible nutrient in rice straw.In addition, the present invention utilizes existing compression bundling machine equipment, can greatly shorten the needed time of rice straw silage, improved efficiency, reduced because of the packed or issuable secondary pollution risk of plastic wraps, adopted and pile up sealing ensiling, increased the adaptability of rice straw silage to site requirements, reduce cost, also improved the success rate of rice straw silage simultaneously.
Technology indicators of overall performance of the present invention is with the advantage of similar technology comparison: the rice straw without pulverizing is compressed, pile up ensiling, compare with the ensiling of bundling plastic sheeting parcel, can reduce 100-150 yuan/ton of cost, compare with pulverizing compacting packing and ensiling, can shorten for 2/3 time, and can reduce 10-100 yuan/ton of cost, compare with processing and the Silaging method of the whole stalk standard of the fresh stalk of corn round bale, mechanical compress convenient operation, square careless piece is easily piled up sealing, increase filler filling and can improve silage effect, accelerate ensiling acidifying process and the loss that reduces ensiling material.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
When harvesting paddy rice, adopt rice harvesting and rice straw bundling Integration Equipment, carry out stalk and do not land collection, simultaneously to becoming gradually in straw baler, large straw bundle is continual sprays inoculation to agent of lactic acid bacteria automatic spraying device, inoculum concentration is 0.5% of rice straw weight, it is 0.3-0.5 ton/cubic meter that last stalk is compressed to density, specification is the square careless piece of 50 cm * 50, cm * 50 cm, then tie up, by being transported in horizental silo in square careless piece 2-3 hour after tying up, pile up, often pile up one deck, with being less than 20 object rice chaff, the gap between adjacent square careless piece is tamped, after having piled up, with plastic sheeting, horizental silo is covered to sealing, store 2 months, now ensiling material pH value reaches 4.0-4.5, lactic acid content reaches 1.2%-1.5%, finish ensilage, then carry out normal storage.
Embodiment 2
Before harvesting, first build the lew that contains cement flooring.When harvesting paddy rice, rice harvesting adopts straw field pickup machine to carry out straw field pickup collection in post-job 3 days, simultaneously to becoming gradually in straw baler, large straw bundle is continual sprays inoculation to agent of lactic acid bacteria automatic spraying device, inoculum concentration is 1.0% of rice straw weight, till last stalk has been compressed to liquid outflow, forming specification is the square careless piece of cm * 100,100cm * 100 cm, then tie up, by being transported in horizental silo or lew in the Stalk Block 2-3 after tying up hour, pile up, often pile up one deck, with vinasse, the gap between adjacent square careless piece is tamped, after having piled up, at careless piece heap periphery and top, with plastic sheeting, seal, store 1 month, now ensiling material pH value reaches 4.0-4.5, lactic acid content reaches 1.2%-1.5%, finish ensilage, then carry out normal storage.
Embodiment 3
Material after embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 normal storage is being lacked to the basic feed of feed season (winter) as milk cow or sheep; while feeding, the material after normal storage is pulverized, then mixed concentrate; make TRM material, be re-used as the overwintering feed of milk cow or sheep.
Each embodiment is not to unique restriction of the present invention above, as long as under the enlightenment of claim, in conjunction with the basic general knowledge of this area, implements same or analogous method and carries out ensiling, all falls into protection category of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a rice straw ensilage, it is characterized in that: after rice harvesting, collect immediately rice straw, inoculating lactic acid microbial inoculum, utilize straw baler, after being compressed into square careless piece, ties up stalk, the Stalk Block of tying up is piled up in the lew on horizental silo or cement ground, often pile up one deck, with inserts, the gap between adjacent square careless piece is tamped, upwards pile up successively, after piling up in horizental silo after piling up, ensiling entrance of cellar is sealed with plastic sheeting, or after piling up in the lew on cement ground, careless piece heap periphery and top are sealed with plastic sheeting, at least store 1 month, the ensiling material that finishes ensiling proceeds to normal storage, after ensiling finishes, the pH value of ensiling material reaches 4.0-4.5, lactic acid content reaches 1.2%-1.5%, described agent of lactic acid bacteria inoculum concentration is the 0.5-1.0% of rice straw weight, and described inserts refers to that fineness passes through rice chaff or wheat bran or the vinasse in 20 order apertures.
2. according to the method for a kind of rice straw ensilage described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described rice straw of collecting immediately, refer to and adopt Integration Equipment synchronously rice straw to be collected immediately when rice harvesting, or employing collecting machine, in 3 days after rice harvesting, carry out straw field pickup collection.
3. according to the method for a kind of rice straw ensilage described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: describedly stalk is compressed into square careless piece refers to: it is 0.3-0.5 ton/cubic meter that stalk is compressed to density, or when compression, till having liquid to flow out from bundling stalk; After being compressed into square careless piece, by the rope made of hemp or straw rope, tied up the high 50 ~ 100cm that is of length and width of square careless piece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310268944.2A CN103315196B (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2013-07-01 | Method for bundling and ensiling rice straws |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310268944.2A CN103315196B (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2013-07-01 | Method for bundling and ensiling rice straws |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103315196A CN103315196A (en) | 2013-09-25 |
| CN103315196B true CN103315196B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
Family
ID=49184479
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310268944.2A Active CN103315196B (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2013-07-01 | Method for bundling and ensiling rice straws |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103315196B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104171301A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-12-03 | 南宁学院 | Manufacture method of silage |
| CN104839439B (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2018-02-27 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of processing method of bluish dogbane ensilage |
| CN105325689A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-17 | 西北民族大学 | Residue-vegetable compressing, bagging and stacking type silage production technology |
| CN109123096A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of method of two-stage method production straw feed |
| CN109329592A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-15 | 鲍源 | A kind of Silaging method of rice straw feed |
| CN109619270A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of preparation method of dry rice straw fermented feed |
| CN109880855B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2022-06-17 | 河北工业大学 | Ensiling method for increasing biogas production amount of straw anaerobic fermentation |
| CN111084282A (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-05-01 | 河南科技学院 | Wrapped ammoniated wheat straw and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101480233A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-07-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for processing and silaging standard round bundle of whole fresh corn stalk |
| CN102370103A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-03-14 | 江苏春晖乳业有限公司 | Rice straw ensilage method |
| CN102630860A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-08-15 | 南开大学 | Maize straw quick ensiling complex microorganism additive and use method thereof |
| CN102805206A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-05 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Feed-based utilization method for instantly recovering and fermenting rice and wheat straw |
-
2013
- 2013-07-01 CN CN201310268944.2A patent/CN103315196B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101480233A (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2009-07-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for processing and silaging standard round bundle of whole fresh corn stalk |
| CN102370103A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-03-14 | 江苏春晖乳业有限公司 | Rice straw ensilage method |
| CN102630860A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-08-15 | 南开大学 | Maize straw quick ensiling complex microorganism additive and use method thereof |
| CN102805206A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-05 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Feed-based utilization method for instantly recovering and fermenting rice and wheat straw |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 李长强等.秸秆青贮技术.《秸秆青贮技术》.2009,(第9期),第27-29页. * |
| 秸秆青贮技术;李长强等;《秸秆青贮技术》;20090930(第9期);第27-29页 * |
| 秸秆青贮技术要点;陈树文;《河北农业科技》;20060831(第8期);第32页 * |
| 秸秆青贮技术规程;郑海;《甘肃畜牧兽医》;20110331;第41卷(第2期);第30-31页 * |
| 郑海.秸秆青贮技术规程.《甘肃畜牧兽医》.2011,第41卷(第2期),第30-31页. * |
| 陈树文.秸秆青贮技术要点.《河北农业科技》.2006,(第8期),第32页. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103315196A (en) | 2013-09-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103315196B (en) | Method for bundling and ensiling rice straws | |
| CN101828631A (en) | Banana planting by-product fermented feed and processing method thereof | |
| CN101828630A (en) | Pineapple stem and leaf profiling fermented feed and processing method thereof | |
| CN101884364A (en) | Pineapple bran pressed and packaged fermented feed and processing method thereof | |
| CN101912083A (en) | Ground silage method | |
| CN103392948B (en) | Microbial fermentation method for steam-exploded corn straw | |
| CN102379383A (en) | Corn stalk ensiling method | |
| CN101884363A (en) | Sweet corn processing byproduct bale fermented feed and large-scale production method thereof | |
| CN101223942A (en) | Silaging method of crop straw | |
| CN105076693B (en) | A kind of native grass wraps up in packet Silaging method | |
| CN101991028A (en) | Processing technology of yellow storage feed | |
| CN105146231A (en) | Wrapping and silaging method for forage grass grain amaranth and grain amaranth silage | |
| CN103004383A (en) | Ensilage harvesting method and ensilage harvester without alfalfa falling to ground | |
| CN107347361A (en) | A kind of method of complete stool viridescent corn bale packing fermentation feeding live pig and supporting harvester | |
| CN104381744A (en) | Method for silaging corn straws | |
| CN105325689A (en) | Residue-vegetable compressing, bagging and stacking type silage production technology | |
| CN100340184C (en) | Method for storing bagged greenfeed | |
| CN102805206B (en) | Method for feed-based utilization for instantly recovering and fermenting rice and wheat straw | |
| CN107259127A (en) | Wooden ensilage of a kind of a variety of millet and preparation method and application | |
| CN101416687A (en) | A kind of Silaging method of family breeding feed | |
| CN105614044A (en) | Processing method for oat grass bale silage | |
| CN103829033A (en) | Corn straw micro ammoniation method | |
| CN101514124A (en) | Coprinus comatus fermentation material and a preparation method thereof | |
| CN105028917B (en) | It is a kind of can long term storage high-efficiency feed sugarcane slightly and its preparation method and application | |
| CN103271252A (en) | Silage method of whole corn stalks |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |