CN101223942A - Silaging method of crop straw - Google Patents
Silaging method of crop straw Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101223942A CN101223942A CNA2008100174347A CN200810017434A CN101223942A CN 101223942 A CN101223942 A CN 101223942A CN A2008100174347 A CNA2008100174347 A CN A2008100174347A CN 200810017434 A CN200810017434 A CN 200810017434A CN 101223942 A CN101223942 A CN 101223942A
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- straws
- crop straw
- agricultural crop
- fresh
- fermentation
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010002660 Anoxia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000976983 Anoxia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940039696 Lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001146 hypoxic Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 description 7
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241001438449 Silo Species 0.000 description 5
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000001055 blue pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052803 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000003613 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 Milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides an ensiling storage method for crop straws, with the steps as follows: in harvest season of crops, fresh straws are cut up, transported to a storehouse, piled up, compacted and sealed with EPDM rubber cloth, thus leading to inhibiting the reproduction of various mixed bacteria under the condition of hermetic hypoxia through the fermentation of anaerobic lactobacillus, and therefore the straws are stored and kept fresh. By means of the ensiling storage method, the straws can be stored for 2-3 years and kept with more than 90 percent of freshness and 80-90 percent of nutrition factors; therefore, the straws which are acid and fragrant, soft and succulent can be high quality silage for livestock in winter and spring. To adopt ensiled straws or fresh straws for fermentation has a methane generating rate which is 25-30 percent higher than that generated in the fermentation by choosing withered straws which are naturally stacked, thus the ensiled straws can be used as good fermentation materials.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ensiling store method of agricultural crop straw, the rural area crop material that ensiling is preserved can be used as animal feeding-stuff at winter-spring season, also can be used as the raw material that anaerobic fermentation is produced biogas.
Background technology
Produce a large amount of byproduct agricultural crop straws in the agricultural production, because the factor of each side, utilization rate is not high, wherein just have sub-fraction to act as a fuel and consume, and major part does not add processing and directly abandons, cause the serious waste of resource so on the one hand, on the other hand, superfluous stalk becomes a more and more outstanding environmental pollution phenomenon, and air storage formation potential safety hazard, and the fire of Yin Faing happens occasionally thus.
We know that agricultural crop straw mainly is made up of organic matters such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, by the cycle that microorganism is decomposed very long, can not be used as this season source of manure, direct returning to farmland can influence farming and crop growth.Generally the way of Cai Yonging is that crop material green grass or young crops is collected together, stack naturally withered, at winter-spring season as animal feeding-stuff.Certainly withered crop material is compared fresh stalk, and the loss of its nutritional labeling is very serious.Withered crop material also can be used as the raw material that anaerobic fermentation is produced biogas and fertilizer.According to surveying and determination, adopt fresh fermenting crops straws than adopting nature and stack withered crops, the biogas rate that fermentation produces is high by 25～30%.Therefore, the ensiling problem of agricultural crop straw has very important meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of Silaging method of agricultural crop straw.
The Silaging method of agricultural crop straw of the present invention, it is harvesting season crops, the stalk of fresh crops is stacked in the storage warehouse, compacting, with the sealing of EPDM elastomeric material cloth, make it under anoxia condition, by the fermentation of anaerobism lactic acid bacteria, suppress the breeding of various assorted bacterium, carry out fresh-keeping and storing.
At the initial stage of storing, because there is certain oxygen in inside, the aerobic bacteria breeding activity is frequent, also carries out the oxidative digestion of trace, and temperature has certain rising.But after in a few days, oxygen expenditure is to seldom measuring, and anaerobic bacteria mainly is that lactic acid bacteria begins breeding activity.In case the vigorous breeding of lactic acid bacteria (pH value is less than 4.2 according to surveying and determination) oxygen expenditure totally, the aerobic sigestion effect meeting of whole internal environment is suppressed and stops, and stores the moisture content and the nutrition of cobalt blue pigment and almost no longer loses, and silo enters stable storage period.
It is the EPDM rubberized fabric sealed storage storehouse of 1.5～2.0mm that the present invention adopts thickness, because the EPDM material has good stable to ultraviolet ray and air, and high resilience, has reliable sealing performance, be easy to form good enclosed environment, external influence is reduced to minimum.
General silage corn stalk gathered in milk stage, and hay silage gathered in dough stage, and yellow storage corn stalk is gathered in after plucking fringe in 15 days in advance in full ripe stage.Leguminous forage is in the harvesting that comes into bloom, and grass family gathered at heading stage, and sweet potato is harvesting before frost.At this moment material nutrient component and nutriment are all high, and moisture is suitable, is suitable for making the fermented material and the ensilage of high-quality.
The crops of the inventive method ensiling, the loss of moisture content and organic nutrition composition is little, according to surveying and determination, 3%～10% loss is only arranged, and it can keep freshness more than 90% and 80%～90% nutrition, and can deposit 2～3 years.Because smell acid is fragrant, soft and succulency, good palatability also can be used as winter-spring season livestock quality silage.
Adopt the agricultural crop straw of ensiling of the present invention, the biogas rate that produces than the fermentation of selecting nature to stack withered crops fermenting and producing is high by about 25～30%, therefore can be used as good rural area fermented material.
The specific embodiment
Preliminary preparation:
Select suitable place, build the good silo of some closed performances with cement concrete.
Prepare the EPDM elastomeric material of some and make the rubberized fabric that thickness is 1.5～2.0mm.The characteristics of EPDM material are that ultraviolet ray and air are had good stable, and high resilience has reliable sealing performance, and invests less cost.
The fresh agricultural crop straw (moisture content remains on 65%～75% for best) of harvesting harvesting in season is collected, be chopped into about 5mm broken section with chopping equipment, be transported in the storage warehouse, pile up, compacting, then with the EPDM Polypropylence Sheet from the top to the tight sealing of inlet, the border that the rubberized fabric and the water coagulation soil phase connect can be with compactings such as earth, guarantee that silo with extraneous strict isolated, enters storage period.
At the initial stage of storing, owing to have certain oxygen in the silo, the aerobic bacteria breeding activity is frequent, also carries out the oxidative digestion of trace, and temperature also has certain rising.But after in a few days, oxygen expenditure is to seldom measuring, and anaerobic bacteria begins breeding activity.In case the vigorous breeding oxygen expenditure of lactic acid bacteria totally, the aerobic sigestion effect meeting of whole internal environment is suppressed and stops, and stores the moisture content and the nutrition of cobalt blue pigment and almost no longer loses, and silo enters stable storage period.
Claims (5)
1. the Silaging method of an agricultural crop straw is that the fresh agricultural crop straw that will gather in is stacked in the storage warehouse, and the material seal that ultraviolet and air are had good stable is adopted in compacting, makes its fresh-keeping and storing under anoxia condition.
2. the Silaging method of agricultural crop straw according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt the sealing of EPDM rubberized fabric.
3. as the Silaging method of agricultural crop straw as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described EPDM rubberized fabric is 1.5～2.0mm.
4. the Silaging method of agricultural crop straw according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the agricultural crop straw of harvesting is cut into broken section that is not more than 10mm.
5. the Silaging method of agricultural crop straw according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the moisture content of agricultural crop straw is 65%～75%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100174347A CN101223942A (en) | 2008-01-16 | 2008-01-16 | Silaging method of crop straw |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100174347A CN101223942A (en) | 2008-01-16 | 2008-01-16 | Silaging method of crop straw |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101223942A true CN101223942A (en) | 2008-07-23 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100174347A Pending CN101223942A (en) | 2008-01-16 | 2008-01-16 | Silaging method of crop straw |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101223942A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101940272A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-12 | 四川省杨森乳业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing silage |
| CN102090389A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-06-15 | 河南农业大学 | Wet storage method for crop straw |
| CN103468749A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-25 | 北京天润草能源科技有限公司 | Method for increasing anaerobic fermentation gas yield of energy grasses |
| CN104443815A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 吉甫 | Universal automatic vacuum constant-pressure and constant-temperature device and container with the same |
| CN104513833A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-04-15 | 上海锦泰新能源环保股份有限公司 | Ecological circular treatment utilization process for agricultural organic solid waste |
| CN106615668A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-05-10 | 佛山佳牧乐科技有限公司 | Silage feed and preparation method of silage feed |
| CN107094990A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-08-29 | 河南世纪天缘生态科技有限公司 | A kind of wet-milling product method of Woody feed |
| CN108083864A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-29 | 江苏华美达生物能源有限公司 | A kind of livestock and poultry fecal pollution and processing factory's debirs and stalk cooperative processing method |
| CN109306327A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-02-05 | 内蒙古蒙正牧康实业有限公司 | The fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet and fresh storage zymotechnique |
| CN114149884A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-08 | 清华大学 | Method for producing fen-flavor liquor |
-
2008
- 2008-01-16 CN CNA2008100174347A patent/CN101223942A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101940272A (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-12 | 四川省杨森乳业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing silage |
| CN102090389A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-06-15 | 河南农业大学 | Wet storage method for crop straw |
| CN102090389B (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2013-08-14 | 河南农业大学 | Wet storage method for crop straw |
| CN103468749A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-25 | 北京天润草能源科技有限公司 | Method for increasing anaerobic fermentation gas yield of energy grasses |
| CN104513833A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-04-15 | 上海锦泰新能源环保股份有限公司 | Ecological circular treatment utilization process for agricultural organic solid waste |
| CN104443815A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 吉甫 | Universal automatic vacuum constant-pressure and constant-temperature device and container with the same |
| CN106615668A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-05-10 | 佛山佳牧乐科技有限公司 | Silage feed and preparation method of silage feed |
| CN107094990A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-08-29 | 河南世纪天缘生态科技有限公司 | A kind of wet-milling product method of Woody feed |
| CN109306327A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2019-02-05 | 内蒙古蒙正牧康实业有限公司 | The fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet and fresh storage zymotechnique |
| CN108083864A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-29 | 江苏华美达生物能源有限公司 | A kind of livestock and poultry fecal pollution and processing factory's debirs and stalk cooperative processing method |
| CN114149884A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-08 | 清华大学 | Method for producing fen-flavor liquor |
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Open date: 20080723 |