CN109306327A - The fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet and fresh storage zymotechnique - Google Patents
The fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet and fresh storage zymotechnique Download PDFInfo
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- CN109306327A CN109306327A CN201710624510.XA CN201710624510A CN109306327A CN 109306327 A CN109306327 A CN 109306327A CN 201710624510 A CN201710624510 A CN 201710624510A CN 109306327 A CN109306327 A CN 109306327A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
- A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fresh storage fermenting agents of niblet comprising lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis.The fresh storage zymotechnique of niblet comprising following steps: (1) it detects, (2) microwave disinfection, the configuration of (3) fermenting agent；(4) it crushes and mixed bacterium, (5) is pressed and sealed, (6) fresh storage fermentation, (7) open cellar detection.It is an advantage of the current invention that eliminating the transport in drying and storage procedure and processing charges；Physical Processing process is shortened, corn waste is greatly reduced, has been effectively retained the nutritional ingredient of corn, nutrient component damages rate reduces；Only one-time detection need to be carried out to niblet before fresh storage is fermented, reduce testing cost；It is easy to digest and absorb after animal edible, the digestion burden of animal is reduced, the absorption rate of nutriment is improved；Lactic acid is generated after fermented, the substances such as acetic acid, so that corn is become fragrance taste, improves palatability.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to field of fermentation engineering, in particular to a kind of fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet and fresh storage zymotechnique.
Background technique:
Currently, fresh corn grain can not be stored directly, niblet can only dry storage.Traditional corn processing storage
Technique is deposited, is that the corn that will be harvested in field is transported to the progress threshing of threshing place, the niblet after threshing is transported to drying factory
It is dried, the corn distiller's dried grain after drying, which is transported to storage location, to be stored, and is finally crushed into powder corn distiller's dried grain or directly
Feeding animals.There are the following problems in the process: 1, corn need to be through threshing, drying, crushing, storage from harvest to final feeding
Etc. multiple tracks Physical Processing process, repeatedly transport and processing lead to that transportation cost is high, processing cost is high, corn is wasted it is serious, it is beautiful
The loss late of rice nutritional ingredient is high；2, it when corn enters lower one of manufacturing procedure by one of manufacturing procedure, requires to be detected,
Repeatedly processing is intended to carry out repeated detection, and testing cost is high；3, crushing or Direct-fed animal after niblet drying, fit
Mouth property is poor, animal digestion burden weight, and absorption rate is low.
Summary of the invention:
The first purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of extension fresh kernel corn holding time, nutritional ingredient absorption easy to digest
The fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet.
Second object of the present invention is to provide the fresh storage of niblet that a kind of processing cost is low, corn nourishment loss late is low
Zymotechnique.
The first purpose of this invention is implemented by following technical solution: the fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet comprising plant cream
Bacillus, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis, the lactobacillus plantarum, the enterococcus faecium, the Bu Shi cream bar
Bacterium and the viable bacteria of Lactococcus lactis addition quantitative proportion are 2~3:3.4~4.5:6~7:1~2.
Further, the lactobacillus plantarum is lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC 6741.
Further, the enterococcus faecium is enterococcus faecium CGMCC 2419.
Further, the lactobacillus buchneri is lactobacillus buchneri NRRL B-50733.
Further, the Lactococcus lactis is Lactococcus lactis CGMCC 4202.
Second object of the present invention is implemented by following technical solution: the fresh storage zymotechnique of niblet comprising following step
It is rapid: (1) to detect, (2) microwave disinfection, the configuration of (3) fermenting agent；(4) it crushes and mixed bacterium, (5) is pressed and sealed, (6) fresh storage hair
Cellar detection is opened in ferment, (7)；Wherein,
(1) it detects: fresh kernel corn being detected, water content≤14.0%, the impurity content of the fresh kernel corn are detected
≤ 1.0%, mildew grain≤2.0%, thick protein (butt) >=8.0%, bulk density >=660g/L, unsound grain≤8.0%, as
Acceptable material；
(2) microwave disinfection: after (1) detection described in completion, to the acceptable material under conditions of temperature is 70~150 DEG C
The microwave disinfection processing for carrying out 90~150s, obtains sterile raw material；
(3) configuration of fermenting agent: taking number of viable ratio is 2~3:3.4~4.5:6~7:1~2 plant cream bar
Bacterium, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis, which are placed in drinking water, to be mixed, and fermenting agent is obtained；
(4) crushing and mixed bacterium: the sterile raw material is crushed to granularity less than 4mm, obtains crushed material；(3) hair by described in
The fermenting agent obtained is uniformly sprayed on the crushed material in the configuration of yeast-like fungi agent, makes to have on the crushed material per ton
Number of viable is 5~6 × 1011CFU obtains pre fermentation powder；
(5) it is pressed and sealed: after (4) crushing and mixed bacterium described in completion, the pre fermentation powder being paved above sealing film,
The pre fermentation powder for 15~30cm thickness that often paves is just primary with the pressure uniform compaction of 8000~8500N, until described pre-
All compacting finishes fermentation powder, obtains compacting material heap；It is described compacting material heap compactness be 85~95%, water content be 26~
30%；It is compacted material heap described in the sealing film sealed envelope, obtains material heap packet；To progress negative pressure ventilation inside the material heap packet
Processing obtains vacuum material packet until the material heap packet internal vacuum is 0MPa；
(6) fresh storage fermentation: after (5) described in completion are pressed and sealed, make the compacting material heap in the vacuum material packet in temperature
Degree is 20~30 DEG C, material moisture ferments 6~8 weeks under conditions of being 26~30%, obtains fermented product；
(7) it opens cellar detection: after (6) described in completion fresh storage fermentation, being punched simultaneously on the sealing film of the vacuum material packet
The fermented product is taken to be detected, when the lactic acid content in the fermented product is more than or equal to 2.3mg/g, acetic acid content is less than
2mg/g, propionic acid content are less than 2mg/g, butyric acid content is less than 2mg/g, and aflatoxin B1 content is avenged less than 8.0 μ g/Kg, deoxidation
Rotten sickle-like bacteria enol content is less than 3000.0mg/Kg, zearalenone content contains less than 500.0 μ g/Kg, ochratoxin A
Amount is less than 40000CFU/g, T2 content of toxins not less than 1000 μ g/Kg, melamine less than 100.0 μ g/Kg, mould viable count
It must detect to get finished product.
Further, after the completion of described (5) are pressed and sealed, in the sealing film outer side covering for wrapping up the sealing material heap
Black and white film.
Further, there is pressure-bearing reinforcing network in the black and white film outer side covering.
Advantages of the present invention:
1, fresh storage fermentation is carried out to fresh kernel corn using microbial inoculum of the present invention, can make the holding time of fresh kernel corn by 1 week with
78 weeks or so are inside extended to, the holding time is effectively extended；
2, lactic acid is generated after niblet is fermented, the substances such as acetic acid, so that corn is become fragrance taste, improves palatability；
3, it is sought in the finished product after fresh storage fermentation containing a large amount of lactic acid, active probiotic and lactein, small peptide, vitamin etc.
Substance is supported, after feeding animals, can inhibit the growth of harmful intestinal tract bacteria, improves the immunity and enhancing premunition of livestock and poultry, Ke Yiti
The general level of the health of high animal effectively prevent the generation of a variety of diseases such as animal diarrhea；
4, the corn harvested transports directly to fresh storage fermentation place, eliminates the transport in drying, crushing and storage procedure
Expense and processing charges, cost can reduce by 23% or more, and in terms of maize market price in 2016, fortune can be saved by processing corn per ton
About 160 yuan, 240 yuan of processing charges of defeated expense；
5, Physical Processing process is shortened, fresh storage fermentation is directly carried out after harvest corn, greatly reduces corn waste,
Corn recovery rate is improved to 99.5%, in terms of maize market price in 2016, about 50 yuan/ton of save the cost；
6, Physical Processing process is few, has been effectively retained the nutritional ingredient of corn, and nutrient component damages rate is down to 3-5%；
7, only one-time detection need to be carried out to niblet before fresh storage is fermented, reduces detection number, reduces testing cost；
8, niblet carries out fresh storage fermentation after crushing, and is decomposed the macro-nutrients in niblet by fermentation
It is easy to digest and absorb after animal edible for small molecule nutriment, the digestion burden of animal is reduced, nutriment is improved
Absorption rate.
Specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
The fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet comprising lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis,
Lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis viable bacteria addition quantitative proportion be 2:3.4:6:1.
Lactobacillus plantarum is lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC 6741, and lactobacillus plantarum is a kind of lactic acid of anaerobism (facultative aerobic)
Bacterium can produce lactic acid during the growth process, and lactic acid can reduce and maintain pH, to guarantee that fermentation can be normally carried out, together
When play the role of inhibit clostruidium；Its energy distinctive lactobacillin of output, lactobacillin in reproductive process are
A kind of preservative of bion, can inhibit the growth of the miscellaneous bacterias such as mould.Enterococcus faecium is enterococcus faecium CGMCC 2419, dung intestines
Coccus belongs to lactic acid bacteria class, can produce lactic acid, and lactic acid can reduce and maintain pH, to guarantee that fermentation can be normally carried out, together
When play the role of inhibit clostruidium.Lactobacillus buchneri is lactobacillus buchneri NRRL B-50733, and lactobacillus buchneri is in life
Acetic acid is generated in growth process, acetic acid can inhibit the growth of fungi and mould, so that avoiding the occurrence of fermentation raw material occurs aerobic change
The problem of matter；Lactococcus lactis is Lactococcus lactis CGMCC4202, and Lactococcus lactis fast growing, metabolism quickly, can quickly disappear
Oxygen consumption gas is conducive to the progress of anaerobic fermentation, can produce Lactococcus lactis rhzomorph, to the spore of gram-positive bacteria and bacillus
There is strong inhibiting effect, main function is to inhibit miscellaneous bacteria breeding.
Embodiment 2:
The fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet comprising lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis,
Lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis viable bacteria addition quantitative proportion be 2.5:3.8:6.3:
1.5。
Lactobacillus plantarum is lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC 6741, and lactobacillus plantarum is a kind of lactic acid of anaerobism (facultative aerobic)
Bacterium can produce lactic acid during the growth process, and lactic acid can reduce and maintain pH, to guarantee that fermentation can be normally carried out, together
When play the role of inhibit clostruidium；Its energy distinctive lactobacillin of output, lactobacillin in reproductive process are
A kind of preservative of bion, can inhibit the growth of the miscellaneous bacterias such as mould.Enterococcus faecium is enterococcus faecium CGMCC 2419, dung intestines
Coccus belongs to lactic acid bacteria class, can produce lactic acid, and lactic acid can reduce and maintain pH, to guarantee that fermentation can be normally carried out, together
When play the role of inhibit clostruidium.Lactobacillus buchneri is lactobacillus buchneri NRRL B-50733, and lactobacillus buchneri is in life
Acetic acid is generated in growth process, acetic acid can inhibit the growth of fungi and mould, so that avoiding the occurrence of fermentation raw material occurs aerobic change
The problem of matter；Lactococcus lactis is Lactococcus lactis CGMCC4202, and Lactococcus lactis fast growing, metabolism quickly, can quickly disappear
Oxygen consumption gas is conducive to the progress of anaerobic fermentation, can produce Lactococcus lactis rhzomorph, to the spore of gram-positive bacteria and bacillus
There is strong inhibiting effect, main function is to inhibit miscellaneous bacteria breeding.
Embodiment 3:
The fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet comprising lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis,
Lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis viable bacteria addition quantitative proportion be 3:4.5:7:2.
Lactobacillus plantarum is lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC 6741, and lactobacillus plantarum is a kind of lactic acid of anaerobism (facultative aerobic)
Bacterium can produce lactic acid during the growth process, and lactic acid can reduce and maintain pH, to guarantee that fermentation can be normally carried out, together
When play the role of inhibit clostruidium；Its energy distinctive lactobacillin of output, lactobacillin in reproductive process are
A kind of preservative of bion, can inhibit the growth of the miscellaneous bacterias such as mould.Enterococcus faecium is enterococcus faecium CGMCC 2419, dung intestines
Coccus belongs to lactic acid bacteria class, can produce lactic acid, and lactic acid can reduce and maintain pH, to guarantee that fermentation can be normally carried out, together
When play the role of inhibit clostruidium.Lactobacillus buchneri is lactobacillus buchneri NRRL B-50733, and lactobacillus buchneri is in life
Acetic acid is generated in growth process, acetic acid can inhibit the growth of fungi and mould, so that avoiding the occurrence of fermentation raw material occurs aerobic change
The problem of matter；Lactococcus lactis is Lactococcus lactis CGMCC4202, and Lactococcus lactis fast growing, metabolism quickly, can quickly disappear
Oxygen consumption gas is conducive to the progress of anaerobic fermentation, can produce Lactococcus lactis rhzomorph, to the spore of gram-positive bacteria and bacillus
There is strong inhibiting effect, main function is to inhibit miscellaneous bacteria breeding.
Embodiment 4:
The fresh storage zymotechnique of niblet carried out using the fresh storage fermenting agent of 1 niblet of embodiment comprising following steps:
(1) it detects, (2) microwave disinfection, the configuration of (3) fermenting agent；(4) it crushes and mixed bacterium, (5) is pressed and sealed, (6) fresh storage fermentation,
(7) cellar detection is opened；Wherein,
(1) detect: fresh kernel corn detected, detect water content≤14.0% of fresh kernel corn, impurity content≤
1.0%, mildew grain≤2.0%, thick protein (butt) >=8.0%, bulk density >=660g/L, and unsound grain≤8.0% as closes
Lattice raw material；The effect of detection is to guarantee that fresh kernel corn meets the requirement of feed corn.
(2) after completing (1) detection, the micro- of 150s microwave disinfection: is carried out to acceptable material under conditions of temperature is 70 DEG C
Wave sterilization processing, obtains sterile raw material；Microwave disinfection is the collective effect using microwave heating effect and non-thermal effect, makes microorganism
Vivo protein and physiological activity substance morph, and cause microorganism growth and development to delay and dead, reach sterilizing, fresh-keeping
Purpose.
(3) configuration of fermenting agent: taking number of viable ratio is lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, the Bu Shi of 2:3.4:6:1
Lactobacillus and Lactococcus lactis, which are placed in drinking water, to be mixed, and fermenting agent is obtained；Fermenting agent is that step (6) fresh storage fermentation mentions
For zymophyte, on the one hand inhibit the growth of the miscellaneous bacterias such as fungi, mould, go on smoothly fresh storage fermentation can.
(4) crush and mixed bacterium: it is 3.8mm that sterile raw material, which is crushed to granularity, obtains crushed material, the purpose of crushing be in order to
Increase the contact area of corn and fermenting agent, accelerates the speed of fresh storage fermentation；By hair obtained in the configuration of (3) fermenting agent
Yeast-like fungi agent is uniformly sprayed on crushed material, makes there is number of viable 5 × 10 on crushed material per ton11CFU obtains pre fermentation powder
Material；
(5) it is pressed and sealed: after completing (4) crushing and mixed bacterium, pre fermentation powder being paved above sealing film, is often paved
The pre fermentation powder of 15cm thickness is just primary with the pressure uniform compaction of 8000N, until all compacting finishes pre fermentation powder, obtains
It is compacted material heap；The compactness for being compacted material heap is 85%, water content 26%；It is compacted material heap with sealing film sealed envelope, is expected
Heap packet；To negative pressure ventilation processing is carried out inside material heap packet, until material heap packet internal vacuum is 0MPa, vacuum material packet is obtained；Due to
Lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and the Lactococcus lactis for including in fermenting agent belong to anaerobic bacteria, are compacted close
The effect of envelope is to ferment to create an anaerobic environment for fresh storage, is conducive to lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and cream
The growth of yogurt coccus；It is black in the sealing film outer side covering black and white film of environmental sealing material heap after the completion of step (5) is pressed and sealed
Tunica albuginea has the function of that thermal resistance is reflective, guarantees that the temperature inside sealing material heap, luminous intensity maintain metastable situation, favorably
In the progress of fresh storage fermentation.There is pressure-bearing reinforcing network in black and white film outer side covering, pressure-bearing reinforcing network plays support resistance to compression, avoids people
Compacting material heap is jammed on when member's detection, influences the progress of fresh storage fermentation.
(6) after completion (5) is pressed and sealed, vacuum material packet fresh storage fermentation: is placed in the item that temperature is 20 DEG C, humidity is 26%
It ferments 8 weeks under part, obtains fermented product；Macro-nutrients in niblet are decomposed into small point by the process of fresh storage fermentation
Sub- nutriment, it is easy to digest and absorb after animal edible, the digestion burden of animal is reduced, the absorption rate of nutriment mentions
Up to 95% or more；Lactic acid is generated after niblet is fermented, the substances such as acetic acid, so that corn is become fragrance taste, improves agreeable to the taste
Property.
(7) open cellar detection: completing after (6) fresh storage ferments, punched on the sealing film of vacuum material packet and take fermented product into
Row detection, when the lactic acid content in fermented product is more than or equal to 2.3mg/g, acetic acid content is less than 2mg/g, propionic acid content is less than
2mg/g, butyric acid content are less than 2mg/g, and aflatoxin B1 content is small less than 8.0 μ g/Kg, deoxynivalenol content
In 3000.0mg/Kg, zearalenone content less than 500.0 μ g/Kg, ochratoxin A content less than 100.0 μ g/Kg, mould
Bacterium viable count, which is less than 40000CFU/g, T2 content of toxins, must not detect less than 1000 μ g/Kg, melamine to get finished product；Open cellar
The purpose of detection can be raised to guarantee that the fresh indices for storing the finished product that fermentation obtains meet relevant criterion requirement
Hello.
Finished product coherent detection index made from the present embodiment is as shown in table 1.
1 embodiment of table, 4 finished product coherent detection index
As shown in Table 1, the indices of finished product made from the present embodiment meet relevant criterion requirement, can be fed.
Meanwhile the present embodiment eliminates the freight in drying, crushing and storage procedure compared with traditional corn processes storage technology
And processing charges, cost can reduce by 23% or more, in terms of maize market price in 2016, traffic expense can be saved by processing corn per ton
With about 160 yuan, 240 yuan of processing charges；Physical Processing process is shortened, fresh storage fermentation is directly carried out after harvest corn, greatly
Corn waste is reduced, corn recovery rate is improved to 99.5%, in terms of maize market price in 2016, about 50 yuan of save the cost/
Ton, has been effectively retained the nutritional ingredient of corn, nutrient component damages rate is down to 3-5%；It only need to be before fresh storage be fermented to niblet
One-time detection is carried out, reduces detection number, reduces testing cost.
Embodiment 5:
The fresh storage zymotechnique of niblet carried out using the fresh storage fermenting agent of 2 niblet of embodiment comprising following steps:
(1) it detects, (2) microwave disinfection, the configuration of (3) fermenting agent；(4) it crushes and mixed bacterium, (5) is pressed and sealed, (6) fresh storage fermentation,
(7) cellar detection is opened；
Wherein,
(1) detect: fresh kernel corn detected, detect water content≤14.0% of fresh kernel corn, impurity content≤
1.0%, mildew grain≤2.0%, thick protein (butt) >=8.0%, bulk density >=660g/L, and unsound grain≤8.0% as closes
Lattice raw material；The effect of detection is to guarantee that fresh kernel corn meets the requirement of feed corn.
(2) after completing (1) detection, the micro- of 120s microwave disinfection: is carried out to acceptable material under conditions of temperature is 110 DEG C
Wave sterilization processing, obtains sterile raw material；Microwave disinfection is the collective effect using microwave heating effect and non-thermal effect, makes microorganism
Vivo protein and physiological activity substance morph, and cause microorganism growth and development to delay and dead, reach sterilizing, fresh-keeping
Purpose.
(3) configuration of fermenting agent: taking number of viable ratio is lactobacillus plantarum, the dung intestines ball of 2.5:3.8:6.5:1.3
Bacterium, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis, which are placed in drinking water, to be mixed, and fermenting agent is obtained；Fermenting agent is that step (6) are fresh
Storage fermentation provides zymophyte, on the one hand inhibits the growth of fungi, the miscellaneous bacterias such as mould, on the other hand make fresh storage ferment can smoothly into
Row.
(4) crush and mixed bacterium: it is 3.9mm that sterile raw material, which is crushed to granularity, obtains crushed material, the purpose of crushing be in order to
Increase the contact area of corn and fermenting agent, accelerates the speed of fresh storage fermentation；By hair obtained in the configuration of (3) fermenting agent
Yeast-like fungi agent is uniformly sprayed on crushed material, makes there is number of viable 5.5 × 10 on crushed material per ton11CFU obtains pre fermentation powder
Material；
(5) it is pressed and sealed: after completing (4) crushing and mixed bacterium, pre fermentation powder being paved above sealing film, is often paved
The pre fermentation powder of 20cm thickness is just primary with the pressure uniform compaction of 8200N, until all compacting finishes pre fermentation powder, obtains
It is compacted material heap；The compactness for being compacted material heap is 90%, water content 28%；It is compacted material heap with sealing film sealed envelope, is expected
Heap packet；To negative pressure ventilation processing is carried out inside material heap packet, until material heap packet internal vacuum is 0MPa, vacuum material packet is obtained；Due to
Lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and the Lactococcus lactis for including in fermenting agent belong to anaerobic bacteria, are compacted close
The effect of envelope is to ferment to create an anaerobic environment for fresh storage, is conducive to lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and cream
The growth of yogurt coccus；It is black in the sealing film outer side covering black and white film of environmental sealing material heap after the completion of step (5) is pressed and sealed
Tunica albuginea has the function of that thermal resistance is reflective, guarantees that the temperature inside sealing material heap, luminous intensity maintain metastable situation, favorably
In the progress of fresh storage fermentation.There is pressure-bearing reinforcing network in black and white film outer side covering, pressure-bearing reinforcing network plays support resistance to compression, avoids people
Compacting material heap is jammed on when member's detection, influences the progress of fresh storage fermentation.
(6) after completion (5) is pressed and sealed, vacuum material packet fresh storage fermentation: is placed in the item that temperature is 25 DEG C, humidity is 28%
It ferments 7 weeks under part, obtains fermented product；Macro-nutrients in niblet are decomposed into small point by the process of fresh storage fermentation
Sub- nutriment, it is easy to digest and absorb after animal edible, the digestion burden of animal is reduced, the absorption rate of nutriment mentions
Up to 95% or more；Lactic acid is generated after niblet is fermented, the substances such as acetic acid, so that corn is become fragrance taste, improves agreeable to the taste
Property.
(7) open cellar detection: completing after (6) fresh storage ferments, punched on the sealing film of vacuum material packet and take fermented product into
Row detection, when the lactic acid content in fermented product is more than or equal to 2.3mg/g, acetic acid content is less than 2mg/g, propionic acid content is less than
2mg/g, butyric acid content are less than 2mg/g, and aflatoxin B1 content is small less than 8.0 μ g/Kg, deoxynivalenol content
In 3000.0mg/Kg, zearalenone content less than 500.0 μ g/Kg, ochratoxin A content less than 100.0 μ g/Kg, mould
Bacterium viable count, which is less than 40000CFU/g, T2 content of toxins, must not detect less than 1000 μ g/Kg, melamine to get finished product；Open cellar
The purpose of detection can be raised to guarantee that the fresh indices for storing the finished product that fermentation obtains meet relevant criterion requirement
Hello.
Finished product coherent detection index made from the present embodiment is as shown in table 2.
2 embodiment of table, 5 finished product coherent detection index
As shown in Table 2, the indices of finished product made from the present embodiment meet relevant criterion requirement, can be fed.
Meanwhile the present embodiment eliminates the freight in drying, crushing and storage procedure compared with traditional corn processes storage technology
And processing charges, cost can reduce by 23% or more, in terms of maize market price in 2016, traffic expense can be saved by processing corn per ton
With about 160 yuan, 240 yuan of processing charges；Physical Processing process is shortened, fresh storage fermentation is directly carried out after harvest corn, greatly
Corn waste is reduced, corn recovery rate is improved to 99.5%, in terms of maize market price in 2016, about 50 yuan of save the cost/
Ton, has been effectively retained the nutritional ingredient of corn, nutrient component damages rate is down to 3-5%；It only need to be before fresh storage be fermented to niblet
One-time detection is carried out, reduces detection number, reduces testing cost.
Embodiment 6:
The fresh storage zymotechnique of niblet carried out using the fresh storage fermenting agent of 3 niblet of embodiment comprising following steps:
(1) it detects, (2) microwave disinfection, the configuration of (3) fermenting agent；(4) it crushes and mixed bacterium, (5) is pressed and sealed, (6) fresh storage fermentation,
(7) cellar detection is opened；
Wherein,
(1) detect: fresh kernel corn detected, detect water content≤14.0% of fresh kernel corn, impurity content≤
1.0%, mildew grain≤2.0%, thick protein (butt) >=8.0%, bulk density >=660g/L, and unsound grain≤8.0% as closes
Lattice raw material；The effect of detection is to guarantee that fresh kernel corn meets the requirement of feed corn.
(2) after completing (1) detection, the micro- of 90s microwave disinfection: is carried out to acceptable material under conditions of temperature is 150 DEG C
Wave sterilization processing, obtains sterile raw material；Microwave disinfection is the collective effect using microwave heating effect and non-thermal effect, makes microorganism
Vivo protein and physiological activity substance morph, and cause microorganism growth and development to delay and dead, reach sterilizing, fresh-keeping
Purpose.
(3) configuration of fermenting agent: taking number of viable ratio is lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, the Bu Shi of 3:4.5:7:2
Lactobacillus and Lactococcus lactis, which are placed in drinking water, to be mixed, and fermenting agent is obtained；Fermenting agent is that step (6) fresh storage fermentation mentions
For zymophyte, on the one hand inhibit the growth of the miscellaneous bacterias such as fungi, mould, go on smoothly fresh storage fermentation can.
(4) crushing and mixed bacterium: sterile raw material is crushed to granularity 3.9mm, obtains crushed material, the purpose of crushing is to increase
The contact area of big corn and fermenting agent accelerates the speed of fresh storage fermentation；By fermentation obtained in the configuration of (3) fermenting agent
Microbial inoculum is uniformly sprayed on crushed material, makes there is number of viable 6 × 10 on crushed material per ton11CFU obtains pre fermentation powder；
(5) it is pressed and sealed: after completing (4) crushing and mixed bacterium, pre fermentation powder being paved above sealing film, is often paved
The pre fermentation powder of 30cm thickness is just primary with the pressure uniform compaction of 8500N, until all compacting finishes pre fermentation powder, obtains
It is compacted material heap；The compactness for being compacted material heap is 95%, water content 30%；It is compacted material heap with sealing film sealed envelope, is expected
Heap packet；To negative pressure ventilation processing is carried out inside material heap packet, until material heap packet internal vacuum is 0MPa, vacuum material packet is obtained；Due to
Lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and the Lactococcus lactis for including in fermenting agent belong to anaerobic bacteria, are compacted close
The effect of envelope is to ferment to create an anaerobic environment for fresh storage, is conducive to lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and cream
The growth of yogurt coccus；It is black in the sealing film outer side covering black and white film of environmental sealing material heap after the completion of step (5) is pressed and sealed
Tunica albuginea has the function of that thermal resistance is reflective, guarantees that the temperature inside sealing material heap, luminous intensity maintain metastable situation, favorably
In the progress of fresh storage fermentation.There is pressure-bearing reinforcing network in black and white film outer side covering, pressure-bearing reinforcing network plays support resistance to compression, avoids people
Compacting material heap is jammed on when member's detection, influences the progress of fresh storage fermentation.
(6) after completion (5) is pressed and sealed, vacuum material packet fresh storage fermentation: is placed in the item that temperature is 30 DEG C, humidity is 30%
It ferments 6 weeks under part, obtains fermented product；Macro-nutrients in niblet are decomposed into small point by the process of fresh storage fermentation
Sub- nutriment, it is easy to digest and absorb after animal edible, the digestion burden of animal is reduced, the absorption rate of nutriment mentions
Up to 95% or more；Lactic acid is generated after niblet is fermented, the substances such as acetic acid, so that corn is become fragrance taste, improves agreeable to the taste
Property.
(7) open cellar detection: completing after (6) fresh storage ferments, punched on the sealing film of vacuum material packet and take fermented product into
Row detection, when the lactic acid content in fermented product is more than or equal to 2.3mg/g, acetic acid content is less than 2mg/g, propionic acid content is less than
2mg/g, butyric acid content are less than 2mg/g, and aflatoxin B1 content is small less than 8.0 μ g/Kg, deoxynivalenol content
In 3000.0mg/Kg, zearalenone content less than 500.0 μ g/Kg, ochratoxin A content less than 100.0 μ g/Kg, mould
Bacterium viable count be less than 40000CFU/g, T2 content of toxins less than 1000 μ g/Kg, content of melamine be less than 2.0mg/Kg to get
Finished product；Open cellar detection purpose be in order to which the indices of finished product for guaranteeing that fresh storage fermentation obtains meet relevant criterion requirement, can
To be fed.
Finished product coherent detection index made from the present embodiment is as shown in table 3.
3 embodiment of table, 6 finished product coherent detection index
| Detection project | Unit | Detection method | Testing result |
| Lactic acid | mg/Kg | Laboratory method | 2.36 |
| Acetic acid | mg/Kg | Laboratory method | 1.43 |
| Propionic acid | mg/Kg | Laboratory method | It is not detected |
| Butyric acid | mg/Kg | Laboratory method | It is not detected |
| Aflatoxin B1 | μg/Kg | GB/T 30955-2014 | It is not detected |
| Deoxynivalenol | mg/Kg | GB/T 30956-2014 | It is not detected |
| Zearalenone | μg/Kg | GB/T 28716-2012 | It is not detected |
| Ochratoxin A | μg/Kg | GB/T 30957-2014 | It is not detected |
| T2 toxin | μg/Kg | Laboratory method | It is not detected |
| Melamine | mg/Kg | NY/T 1372-2007 | It is not detected |
| Mould | CFU/g | GB/T 13092-2006 | <10 |
As shown in Table 3, the indices of finished product made from the present embodiment meet relevant criterion requirement, can be fed.
Meanwhile the present embodiment eliminates the freight in drying, crushing and storage procedure compared with traditional corn processes storage technology
And processing charges, cost can reduce by 23% or more, in terms of maize market price in 2016, traffic expense can be saved by processing corn per ton
With about 160 yuan, 240 yuan of processing charges；Physical Processing process is shortened, fresh storage fermentation is directly carried out after harvest corn, greatly
Corn waste is reduced, corn recovery rate is improved to 99.5%, in terms of maize market price in 2016, about 50 yuan of save the cost/
Ton, has been effectively retained the nutritional ingredient of corn, nutrient component damages rate is down to 3-5%；It only need to be before fresh storage be fermented to niblet
One-time detection is carried out, reduces detection number, reduces testing cost.
Embodiment 7:
One, nutritive loss rate comparative test
It is control sample according to dry corn flour made from common process, is test specimen with finished product produced by the present invention, adopts
Its nutritional ingredient is detected with Routine Test Lab detection method, testing result is as shown in table 4.
The nutritional ingredient testing result of 4 control sample of table and test specimen
As shown in Table 4, compared with according to dry corn flour made from common process, the total of finished product produced by the present invention digests
Nutrient is improved to 95.7%, that is, after reducing Physical Processing process, can be effectively retained corn through finished product produced by the present invention
Nutritional ingredient, nutrient component damages rate is down to 4.3% or so, effectively reduces the nutritive loss rate of corn.
Two, absorption rate comparative test
1, subjects and grouping: selection kind is identical, growing environment, growing state and the approximate milk cow 50 of health status
Head is randomly divided into two groups, and one group is control group, and another group is test group.
2, feeding method: commonly dry corn flour, scale of feeding are 7Kg/ head to control group fed, and the test group feeding present invention is made
Finished product, scale of feeding is 7Kg/ head, other feeding conditions are identical, continuous feeding 30 days.
3, it is observed continuously 30 days, the daily milk yield mean value of two groups of milk cows, milk quality and milk cow physical condition is carried out
Statistics, statistical result are as shown in table 5.
The output of milk, milk quality and the milk cow physical condition statistics of 5 two groups of milk cows of table
As shown in Table 5, voluminous 2.7 kilograms of milk, the average daily output of milk improve 11% to the average every ox of test group milk cow daily,
The milk of test group milk cow output, protein content increase to 3.2g/mL, and it is 6% that protein content, which increases percentage, lactose
Content improves 2%, and Somatic Cells Content is reduced to 260,000/mL, and it is 50% that Somatic Cells Content, which reduces percentage,；Show test group
The finished product produced by the present invention of feeding is easier to digest and assimilate, and improves animal to the absorption rate of nutriment.From milk cow body
From the point of view of body situation, feeding finished product produced by the present invention can be improved the general level of the health of animal, improve the immunity and enhancing of animal
Premunition effectively prevent the generation of a variety of diseases such as animal diarrhea.
It ferments in conclusion niblet carries out fresh storage after crushing, by fermentation by the macromolecular nutrition in niblet
Substance decomposition is small molecule nutriment, easy to digest and absorb after animal edible, reduces the digestion burden of animal, improves battalion
Support the absorption rate of substance.Simultaneously as containing a large amount of lactic acid, active probiotic and lactic acid bacteria in the fresh finished product store after fermenting
The nutriments such as element, small peptide, vitamin after feeding animals, can inhibit the growth of harmful intestinal tract bacteria, improve animal immunity and
Enhance premunition, the general level of the health of animal can be improved, effectively prevent the generation of a variety of diseases such as animal diarrhea.
Three, palatability comparative test
1, subjects: selection kind is identical, growing environment, growing state and the approximate milk cow of health status 50.
2, test method: in same feeding place, while two identical feed bunks are put, in one of feed bunk
Common dry corn flour is put, is reference cell；Finished product produced by the present invention is put in another feed bunk, is test flume；Other feeding items
Part is identical, carries out feeding 10 times at random；Cow feeding situation is observed and recorded, as shown in table 6.
6 cow feeding situation of table statistics
As shown in Table 6, milk cow is about 1:4 for the feeding ratio of feed in reference cell and test flume, shows that milk cow is more willing to
The finished product produced by the present invention placed in meaning feeding test flume, i.e., finished product palatability produced by the present invention are more preferable.The reason is that with
Dry corn flour made from traditional corn processing storage technology is compared, and the corn palatability through fresh storage fermentation process is good, and due to jade
Starch contained in the grain of rice ferments through fresh storage generates the substances such as lactic acid, acetic acid, and the substances such as lactic acid, acetic acid make corn become fragrance
There is taste.
Four, holding time comparative test
Subjects are fresh kernel corn and finished product produced by the present invention, randomly select the fresh kernel corn and Ben Fa of phase homogenous quantities
Bright each 5 parts of finished product obtained, 5 parts of fresh kernel corns are respectively control group 1, control group 2, control group 3, control group 4, control group 5,5
Part finished product produced by the present invention is respectively test group 1, test group 2, test group 3, test group 4, test group 5, with subjects face
The rubescent nigrescence of color, production gas, heat production are the rotten standard of judgement, are counted to its holding time, statistical result is as shown in table 7.
7 holding time of table statistics
As shown in Table 7, for finished product produced by the present invention compared with fresh kernel corn, the holding time can extend to 78 weeks left sides
The right side effectively extends the holding time of fresh kernel corn.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet, which is characterized in that it includes lactobacillus plantarum, enterococcus faecium, lactobacillus buchneri and cream
Yogurt coccus, the viable bacteria addition of the lactobacillus plantarum, the enterococcus faecium, the lactobacillus buchneri and the Lactococcus lactis
Quantitative proportion is 2~3:3.4~4.5:6~7:1~2.
2. the fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lactobacillus plantarum is plant cream
Bacillus CGMCC 6741.
3. the fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the enterococcus faecium is enterococcus faecium
CGMCC 2419。
4. the fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lactobacillus buchneri is Bu Shi cream
Bacillus NRRL B-50733.
5. the fresh storage fermenting agent of niblet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Lactococcus lactis is lactic acid cream
Coccus CGMCC 4202.
6. the fresh storage zymotechnique of niblet, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps: that (1) is detected, (2) microwave disinfection, (3) hair
The configuration of yeast-like fungi agent；(4) it crushes and mixed bacterium, (5) is pressed and sealed, (6) fresh storage fermentation, (7) open cellar detection；Wherein,
(1) detect: fresh kernel corn detected, detect water content≤14.0% of the fresh kernel corn, impurity content≤
1.0%, mildew grain≤2.0%, thick protein (butt) >=8.0%, bulk density >=660g/L, and unsound grain≤8.0% as closes
Lattice raw material；
(2) microwave disinfection: after (1) detection described in completion, the acceptable material is carried out under conditions of temperature is 70~150 DEG C
The microwave disinfection of 90~150s is handled, and obtains sterile raw material；
(3) configuration of fermenting agent: taking number of viable ratio is 2~3:3.4~4.5:6~7:1~2 lactobacillus plantarum, dung
Enterococcus, lactobacillus buchneri and Lactococcus lactis, which are placed in drinking water, to be mixed, and fermenting agent is obtained；
(4) crushing and mixed bacterium: the sterile raw material is crushed to granularity less than 4mm, obtains crushed material；(3) zymophyte by described in
The fermenting agent obtained is uniformly sprayed on the crushed material in the configuration of agent, makes there is viable bacteria on the crushed material per ton
Quantity is 5~6 × 1011CFU obtains pre fermentation powder；
(5) it is pressed and sealed: after (4) crushing and mixed bacterium described in completion, the pre fermentation powder being paved above sealing film, every booth
The pre fermentation powder for spreading 15~30cm thickness is just primary with the pressure uniform compaction of 8000~8500N, until the pre fermentation
All compacting finishes powder, obtains compacting material heap；It is described compacting material heap compactness be 85~95%, water content be 26~
30%；It is compacted material heap described in the sealing film sealed envelope, obtains material heap packet；To progress negative pressure ventilation inside the material heap packet
Processing obtains vacuum material packet until the material heap packet internal vacuum is 0MPa；
(6) fresh storage fermentation: after (5) described in completion are pressed and sealed, make the compacting material heap in the vacuum material packet in temperature
20~30 DEG C, material moisture be 26~30% under conditions of ferment 6~8 weeks, obtain fermented product；
(7) it opens cellar detection: after (6) described in completion fresh storage fermentation, being punched on the sealing film of the vacuum material packet and take institute
It states fermented product to be detected, when the lactic acid content in the fermented product is more than or equal to 2.3mg/g, acetic acid content is less than 2mg/
G, propionic acid content is less than 2mg/g, butyric acid content is less than 2mg/g, and aflatoxin B1 content avenges rotten sickle less than 8.0 μ g/Kg, deoxidation
It is small less than 500.0 μ g/Kg, ochratoxin A content that knife bacterium enol content is less than 3000.0mg/Kg, zearalenone content
Being less than 40000CFU/g, T2 content of toxins in 100.0 μ g/Kg, mould viable count must not examine less than 1000 μ g/Kg, melamine
Out to get finished product.
7. the fresh storage zymotechnique of niblet according to claim 6, which is characterized in that after the completion of (5) are pressed and sealed,
In the sealing film outer side covering black and white film for wrapping up the sealing material heap.
8. the fresh storage zymotechnique of niblet according to claim 7, which is characterized in that have in the black and white film outer side covering
Pressure-bearing reinforcing network.
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