CN105076693B

CN105076693B - A kind of wrapping silage method of natural pasture

Info

Publication number: CN105076693B
Application number: CN201510434575.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛建国; 郑延海; 黄建辉
Original assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS
Priority date: 2015-07-22
Filing date: 2015-07-22
Publication date: 2019-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2035-07-22
Also published as: CN105076693A

Abstract

Packet Silaging method, including following procedure of processing are wrapped up in the invention discloses a kind of native grass: 1) native grass being rubbed and crushed, obtain careless section；2) it is added water and stirred into careless section obtained by step 1), obtains processed careless section；3) bundling successively carried out to the processed careless section in step 2), wrap up in packet sealing, fermentation obtains ensilage.Mechanization degree of the invention is high, easy to operate, quickly and efficiently, is influenced by weather small, the native grass long shelf-life of mistake treated by the present method, energy safe overwintering, ensiling is high-quality, and nutritive value is high, it is readily transported and feeds, merchandized handling can be carried out, promote the sustainable development of animal husbandry.

Description

A kind of native grass wraps up in packet Silaging method

Technical field

The invention belongs to ensilage processing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of native grass wraps up in packet Silaging method.

Background technique

Currently, China increasingly payes attention to the development of grassland agriculture, with the increase of Livestock quantity, northern China Area increases the demand of high quality grass year by year, and the supply of changes in temperature season forage grass is uneven, and forage grass shortage problem is more serious.It is main former Because being on the one hand: the mankind are to the variation of the irrational utilization of natural meadow, natural environment and weather, grassland destruction is serious, production Power decline；On the other hand be: the people in pastoral area do not recognize the severity that original hay modulation technology loses forage nutrition Degree.Therefore, loss caused by how reducing because of herbage modulation technique improves the utilization rate of native grass, it is steady to become animal husbandry Fixed development primarily solves the problems, such as.

Currently, traditional native grass Land use systems, to modulate based on hay and bale, modulation hay climate condition Limitation, as having rainfall during herbage sunning, herbage cannot dry in time, and bale is easy mildew, influence the matter of hay and bale Amount and quality；Air storage hay bundle is caused to rot, gone mouldy also due to rainfall or snowfall, and a large amount of forage grasses are in turn resulted in Waste.Since hay modulation technology is unqualified, herbage nutriment loss in modulated process can reach 50%, forage nutrition object The digestibility of matter reduces, and Plant palatability is deteriorated.Native grass is subjected to ensiling, can not only increase the production of unit area herbage Amount, can also effectively save the nutritional ingredient of herbage, improve the palatability of forage grass, improve the utilization rate and digestibility of forage grass, prolong The holding time of long forage grass, it is more to ensure that domestic animal whole year can have viridescent to compensate for the defect that herbage is modulated into green hay The feed of juice, so that the supply of high-quality feed is not influenced by Changes in weather.

Modulate native grass ensiling, the ensiling technique of the herbages such as corn, clover, crop material cannot be indiscriminately imitated, if not from The characteristics of actually setting out, considering native grass itself, directly applies the ensiling technique of other forage crops, it is most likely that lead to blueness Storage failure, wastes native grass.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem solved by the invention is how effectively to save native grass nutritional ingredient, while improving native grass Quality and utility value.

Packet Silaging method is wrapped up in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of native grass.

Native grass provided by the present invention wraps up in packet Silaging method, including following procedure of processing:

1) native grass is rubbed and is crushed, obtain careless section；

2) it is added water and stirred into careless section obtained by step 1), the careless section that obtains that treated；

3) to treated in step 2), careless section successively carries out bundling, wraps up in packet sealing, and fermentation obtains ensilage.

Above-mentioned to wrap up in packet Sativa Silage Technology, in step 1), the native grass comes from Siklingelei grassland, the native grass Cutting occasion is in for natural meadow constructive species and comes into bloom.

The rubbing crushing carries out in rubbing type disintegrator, and the rubbing crushes first to be rubbed, then is ground into 3-5cm Careless section.

Above-mentioned to wrap up in packet Sativa Silage Technology, in step 2), the water content (mass fraction) of treated the careless section is 60- 65%, the water in water content herein includes the water in careless section itself, is also included within the outer free water of careless section itself.

Above-mentioned to wrap up in packet Sativa Silage Technology, in step 3), the bundling can be carried out by ensiling machine for forming cylindrical bale, the ensiling round bale Machine concretely YK5858 type ensiling machine for forming cylindrical bale.By bundling will treated careless section compacting, break into round bale, the round bale diameter For 50-55cm, a height of 50-60cm, weight 90-100kg.

It is described to wrap up in packet sealing and be carried out by round bale coating machine, the round bale coating machine concretely BM5858 type round bale packet Film machine.The packet sealing film used of wrapping up in is the dedicated stretched film of ensiling, and film thickness 0.025mm, the number of plies for wrapping up in packet sealing is 4-6 Layer.By wrapping up in packet sealing, anaerobic environment is formed.The color of the dedicated stretched film of ensiling concretely light green color, different colours The dedicated stretched film of the ensiling nutritional quality total to ensilage the no difference of influence.

The time of the fermentation is 45-60 days, and the fermentation is that the bale after sealed envelope is directly placed in natural environment Lower placement can feed domestic animal directly as feed after fermentation in 45-60 days.

In addition, the preparation-obtained ensilage of the present invention also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention is to be rubbed pulverization process by harvesting native grass in due course, adjust water content, bundling is wrapped up at packet Reason, using anaerobic fermentation technology, modulates good native grass ensilage.The present invention can improve the nutritional quality of herbage, The utilization rate and digestibility for improving native grass, instruct the production and production of native grass ensiling, and exploitation native grass protects Fresh technology and ensiling grass product, effective solution China most area winter forage grass deficiency and regional imbalance problem, promote Into the sustainable development of animal husbandry.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1, the present invention can save the nutritional ingredient in herbage to the maximum extent, improve the utilization rate of native grass, and Anaerobic fermentation technology can significantly improve the digestibility of native grass；

2, processed native grass long shelf-life through the invention, up to 1-2, not by shadows such as season, solarization, rainfalls It rings, it can outdoor storage；

3, the ensiling that the present invention processes is high-quality, and crude protein content is high, and neutral detergent fiber content is low, and digestibility is high, Opposite Feeding Value is high, and palatability is good；

4, native grass of the invention wraps up in packet Sativa Silage Technology, and mechanization degree is high, easy to operate, quick, efficient, by day Gas factor influences small；It is readily transported and feeds, the advantages that merchandized handling can be carried out, be that raiser and farm improve reliably Material guarantee, to realize that the allocation and transportation of green forage strange land and combatting of natural disaster and protection of livestock open new approach.

Specific embodiment

Method of the invention is illustrated below by specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Experimental method described in following embodiments is unless otherwise specified conventional method；The reagent and material, such as Without specified otherwise, commercially obtain.

Embodiment 1 prepares ensilage using the packet Sativa Silage Technology of wrapping up in of native grass:

1) it harvests in due course: coming into bloom when Siklingelei grassland natural meadow constructive species is in, cradled naturally with grass trimmer After herbage, does not have to sunning, grass is directly transported to ensiling processing and fabricating place；

2) rubbing crushes: the native grass of harvest being sent into dedicated rubbing type disintegrator, there are two function for rubbing type disintegrator Can: rubbing and crushing.Herbage is first subjected to rubbing processing, convenient for improving the density of bale, reduces air content, while also significantly Reduce damage of the herbage stalk to wrapping up in coating and may cause；The herbage rubbed is ground into the careless section of 3-5cm again；

3) modulate water content: smashed grass section water content is lower, is unfavorable for fermenting.Therefore, it is necessary to adjust its water content, Moisture is added to smashed careless section with sprayer, and is sufficiently stirred, the water content of herbage is measured by oven drying method or passes through It grabs the ensiling raw material just shredded with hand firmly to squeeze, the mode that webs water breakthrough but water do not flow down makes the whole water content of herbage 60-65%；

4) bundling: the processed native grass grass section of step 3) is put into YK5858 type ensiling machine for forming cylindrical bale and carries out bundling, control The size and density of bale processed.Bale is too small, and density is small, and the air retained in bale is more, will increase the quantity of mould, is unfavorable for It ferments；Bale is excessive, and density is big, is easily damaged baler.It is 50-55cm, a height of 50-60cm, weight 90- that bale, which ties diameter, 100kg；

5) packet and storage are wrapped up in: the herbage round bale of step 4) processing is taken out from baler, is smoothly put into the drawing of BM5858 type It stretches on membrane envelope machine, starts coating machine, set the circle number and the number of plies of coating machine, general 4 layers or more can be good at sealing bale. 45-60 days progress anaerobic fermentations are placed in a natural environment, ensilage can be obtained, for feeding.

Resulting ensilage saves the nutritional ingredient in native grass to the maximum extent, improves the utilization of native grass Rate, and the digestibility of native grass can be significantly improved using anaerobic fermentation.The ensilage long shelf-life, up to 1-2 Year, it is not influenced by season, solarization, rainfall etc., it can outdoor storage.

In order to compare, we prepare the native grass benefit cradled in step 1) from Siklingelei grassland with the following method At traditional hay bundle feed in due course: a) harvesting: coming into bloom when Siklingelei grassland natural meadow constructive species is in, use grass trimmer Native grass is cradled, by sunning, water content drops to 20% or less；B) it dries: the native grass of harvest being dried, general weather It is sunny, the herbage of harvest is tedded uniformly, and ted ventilation in time repeatedly, herbage water content is down to 40-50% hereinafter, with grass is hugged Machine at careless ridge continues grass to dry 1-2 days, makes herbage moisture content 15-18%；C) it bundling: will be dried in the air with picking up and bundling machine The herbage shone carries out bundling, common side's bale baler.Bundling operation should carry out in the morning of fair weather or dusk, Avoid falling off for blade；D) it stores: the bale for accomplishing fluently bundle being put into draughty warehouse and is stored, in case feeding.In cylinder The area Guo Le, hay bundle are the major ways that people utilize native grass, and most outdoor storage, exposing to the sun and rain leads to hay nutrition Substance is largely lost.

The traditional hay bundle feed and the preparation-obtained following performance of ensilage of the present invention of above-mentioned preparation are tested respectively: Dry matter content (oven drying method measurement), crude protein content (Kjeldahl nitrogen determination), neutral detergent fiber content (Van Soest Method measurement), acid detergent fiber (measurement of Van Soest method) relatively Feeding Value (RFV={ [88.9%- (0.779 × ADF)] × 120% ÷ NDF } ÷ 1.29) and pH value, corresponding test data it is as shown in table 1 below:

Table 1, traditional hay bundle feed and wrap up in packet ensilage correlation data

By table 1 it can be seen that: with traditional hay bundle feed, the present invention preparation-obtained wraps up in packet ensilage nutritional ingredient It saves preferably, (dry matter that opposite Feeding Value can more fully evaluate forage grass is adopted for crude protein content and opposite Feeding Value Appetite and digestibility.Opposite Feeding Value is higher, illustrates that the feed intake of forage grass and digestibility are higher) it is above traditional hay bundle feeding Material, acid detergent fiber content are slightly higher than traditional hay bundle feed, and (neutral detergent fiber contains neutral detergent fiber in forage grass Amount and the feed intake and digestibility of domestic animal are negatively correlated relationship, and neutral detergent fiber content is higher, and the feed intake of domestic animal is fewer, raises The nutrition of grass is less susceptible to be digested) lower than traditional hay bundle feed, in terms of comprehensive, traditional hay bundle feed nutrient loss More, opposite Feeding Value is lower.

Claims

1. a method for wrapping silage of natural forage, comprising the following processing steps:

1) rubbing and pulverizing natural forage to obtain grass segments;

2) in step 1) gained straw section, add water and stir, obtain the treated straw section;

3) bundling, wrapping and sealing successively to the treated grass section in step 2), and fermenting to obtain silage;

In step 1), the natural grass is from Xilin Gol grassland, and the cutting time of the natural grass is that the natural grass construction species is in the early flowering stage;

The kneading and pulverizing is carried out in a kneading pulverizer, and the kneading and pulverizing is first kneaded, and then pulverized into a 3-5cm grass segment;

In step 2), the water content of the treated grass section is 60-65%;

In step 3), the baling is carried out by the silage round baler to compact the treated grass section and make a round bundle, the diameter of the round bundle is 50-55cm, the height is 50-60cm, and the weight is 90-50cm. 100kg;

In step 3), the wrapping and sealing is carried out by a round bale wrapping machine, the film used for the wrapping and sealing is a special stretch film for silage, the film thickness is 0.025mm, and the number of layers of the wrapping and sealing is 4-6. Floor;

In step 3), the fermentation time is 45-60 days.

2. Silage obtained by the method of wrapping silage according to claim 1.