CN103299956A - Technology for artificial domestication and breeding of sclerodermus and applied to prevention and treatment of pine sawyer beetles - Google Patents
Technology for artificial domestication and breeding of sclerodermus and applied to prevention and treatment of pine sawyer beetles Download PDFInfo
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- CN103299956A CN103299956A CN 201210071284 CN201210071284A CN103299956A CN 103299956 A CN103299956 A CN 103299956A CN 201210071284 CN201210071284 CN 201210071284 CN 201210071284 A CN201210071284 A CN 201210071284A CN 103299956 A CN103299956 A CN 103299956A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technology for artificial domestication and breeding of sclerodermus and applied to prevention and treatment of pine sawyer beetles. The technology for artificial domestication and breeding of sclerodermus comprises the following steps of: firstly, feeding the sclerodermus to be substituted for the host of a barley pest; secondly, carrying out the selecting and refrigerating treatment of female sclerodermus; thirdly, packing the initiated pupa barley pest and the female sclerodermus into a finger-shaped tube, and plugging the tube with an ordered pine plug; and finally, neatly stacking and placing the tubes into a weather cultivation box with a cultivation temperature and conditions as well as prompts. In a bursaphelench xylophilus epidemic area, the throwing technology of sclerodermus comprises the following steps of: firstly, setting bait woods to induce the pine sawyer beetles to lay eggs; then examining the parasitic situation of the pine sawyer beetles in a pine tree section in an appropriate weather condition, and releasing the sclerodermus according to the groove number of the sawyer beetles; and finally investigating the parasitic situation of the sclerodermus. By the adoption of sawyer pests to prevent and treat the pine sawyer beetles so as to inhibit the occurrence of a bursaphelench xylophilus disease, the environment can not be polluted, the ecological balance is maintained, the biological diversity is kept, and the technology is an advanced technology for controlling the pine sawyer beetles and the bursaphelench xylophilus disease.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of biological control pine nematode, specifically is a series of technology that the domestication breeds, swollen leg honeybee is thrown in the epidemic-stricken area.
Background technology
Pine nematode is the great destructive disease of a kind of pine tree, and pathogenicity is strong, and the dead speed of host is fast, propagates soon, in case take place, difficulty of governance is big, is called " acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) " of pine tree.Not only cause tremendous loss to national economy, also destroy natural landscape and ecotope, the pine forest resource huge to China constitutes a serious threat.And the main path that pine nematode is closely propagated at natural world is to rely on the insect Monochamus alternatus Hope as media.At present, forestry circle is consistent to be thought, the effective means of control pine nematode is communication media---the Monochamus alternatus Hope of control pine wood nematode.
Monochamus alternatus Hope belongs to coleoptera ditch shin longicorn subfamily, also is the main moth dryness insect of pine tree.Its adult supplements the nutrients, and gnaws the spray skin, causes the host weak; Larva is bored the moth trunk, and it is withered to cause pine tree.
Monochamus alternatus Hope took place for 1 generation in general 1 year, survived the winter in the xylem tunnel with mature larva.Next year, in (various places difference is about January) between March to May, the larva that survives the winter pupates in the terminal pupa of gallery chamber.Namely there is mid-April the minority adult to begin to sprout wings.Sting the circle emergence hole of a diameter 8-10 millimeter behind the adult eclosion and go out, gnaw the nutrition as a supplement of spray, bark, round the clock can both be movable, and the optical activity that becomes a little less than the tool.Be the movable Sheng phase May.After larva hatches namely moth go into subcutaneous, larva just during age under bark the moth food, form wide and irregular flat hole at endothelium and sapwood, the trees conducting system is damaged, be full of brown worm excrement and white fiber shape boring-powder in the tunnel.3-4 centimetre of xylem invaded in give a farfetched interpretation autumn oblate hole, namely on or below the vertical tunnel of moth, the tunnel is about 5-10 centimetre, bends towards outer moth then and eats to sapwood, builds the pupa chamber at the tunnel end and pupates, whole tunnel is the U shape.At present chemical pesticide is mainly still passed through in the control of longicorn.
Above-mentioned chemical control and other conventional control methods are difficult to effectively control Monochamus alternatus Hope, use the chemical agent environmental pollution serious on a large scale, often lose more than gain.
Utilizing the natural enemy of Monochamus alternatus Hope---swollen leg honeybee prevents and treats Monochamus alternatus Hope, this mode main feature of controlling worm with worm is free from environmental pollution, in case reach biotinylated biomolecule population inner equilibrium, control Monochamus alternatus Hope insect pest that can be long-term, lasting, stable takes place, and effectively controls the propagation development of pine nematode.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the technology that suppresses effectively to suppress the Monochamus alternatus Hope insect density, and reach the generation that suppresses pine nematode.And there is not any environmental pollution, energy-saving and environmental protecting.Be to breed swollen leg honeybee by the domestication, make it produce strong preference to the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva, after environment is gone in input, can effectively reduce the quantity of Monochamus alternatus Hope.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The technology that the domestication breeds swollen leg honeybee comprises step:
1, swollen leg honeybee substitutes the raising of host barley worm to just pupating the stage.
2, select that aseptic, body is long, be fertilized swollen leg honeybee and refrigeration is handled.
3, will just pupate barley worm and the swollen leg honeybee kind honeybee dactylethrae of packing into, customized pine plug beyond the Great Wall.
4, piling up and neatly put into the weather incubator, is about 25 ℃ in temperature, and humidity is about 85% to cultivate about 40 days.
5, treat that swollen leg larva of bee cocoons, drip turpentine oil in the incubator, come out to become into honeybee until swollen leg bee eclosion.
6, the swollen leg honeybee input technology in pine nematode epidemic-stricken area comprises step:
7, annual 3-4 cuts down the withered pine in epidemic-stricken area between the month, cuts down into 2 meters pine tree tree sections, piles up the open place on the sunny side in the forest zone,
Be set as trap-tree, lure that Monochamus alternatus Hope lays eggs into.Cover the tree section with gauze, prevent the Monochamus alternatus Hope escape.
8,8-10 checks pine tree tree section Monochamus alternatus Hope sneak case between the month.
9, press the swollen leg honeybee of release in 1: 100 according to the ratio of longicorn cutting number and honeybee.
10, release begins to check swollen leg honeybee sneak case after 15 days.
11, from the above mentioned, parasitic scheme provided by the invention can be found out, the technology that domestication of the present invention breeds swollen leg honeybee and is applied to prevent and treat Monochamus alternatus Hope, use individual bigger barley worm just to pupate for substituting the host, the swollen leg bee eclosion phase is added the turpentine oil preliminary treatment, and the swollen leg honeybee that domestication breeds out has very strong preference to Monochamus alternatus Hope, is released into the epidemic-stricken area of Monochamus alternatus Hope, can effectively prevent and treat Monochamus alternatus Hope, and environmentally safe.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Domestication of the present invention breeds the technology of swollen leg honeybee, and its preferable embodiment is to comprise step:
1, before the foster swollen leg honeybee plan, raises the alternative host barley worm of swollen leg honeybee, the same instar larvae of buying is fed the nipagin esters of interpolation 1/4000 in the feed with 75% wheat bran, 20% corn flour, the composite feed of 5% fish meal in iron insect box.Add green fodder in right amount according to plan, promote the growth of barley worm.Cast off a skin 5-6 time until the barley worm, be about to pupate, will put in order dish barley worm and move to and connect the honeybee chamber, prepare to connect honeybee.
Wherein the barley worm is placed in the iron insect box, and is excessive as finding insect density, when biting tender worm, divides box to raise, and increases green fodder and feed number of times.
Above-mentioned iron insect box is 18 centimetres of insect box of 70 cm x, 45 cm x, requires inner wall smooth.Be divided into 24 orders, 16 orders, 8 orders with mesh screen according to the polypide size when dividing box.Guarantee that polypide stays on the mesh screen, the worm excrement spills.
In the said process, requiring environmental temperature is 70% ± 5% at 24 ℃ ± 3 ℃, relative moisture.Note preventing harm such as gecko, mantis, spider, mouse in the process.
2, choose kind of a honeybee from the swollen leg honeybee of previous generation, selection standard is: no mouldy phenomenon in a, the dactylethrae has drone, the interior honeybee quantity of c dactylethrae to be not less than 30 in the b dactylethrae.
Kind honeybee and the dactylethrae that will meet above-mentioned standard are put into 4 ℃ ± 2 ℃ freezers, refrigerate about 10 days, place 3-5 days down at 22 ℃ ± 2 ℃ again, prepare to be used for connecing honeybee.
Above-mentioned dactylethrae is glass tube, and specification is generally 6 centimetres of length, 1 centimetre of diameter.
3, will plant honeybee and put into dactylethrae with writing brush, and need beat easily gently in the process and take, and prevent from injuring swollen leg honeybee, customized pine is filled in beyond the Great Wall then.Every dactylethrae is put into 3 kind honeybees.Cross the range request temperature between 15 ℃-8 ℃.
Choose the tender pupa of barley worm of just pupating to be no more than 2 minutes and soaked in alcohol 6 minutes, limit is in 6 minutes, and with the tender pupa dactylethrae of packing into, every dactylethrae is put into 2 barley worms.The pine plug that plug is good customized.
Be 75% with alcohol concentration in the process, and be to add nipagin esters at 1: 4000 according to quality than volume.
The kind honeybee of note removing injured in the process and the tender pupa of barley worm of stain is arranged.Injured barley worm pupa can be dried and be pulverized the alternative fish meal nursing in back barley worm.
Have in the process to surpass 2 minutes barley worm pupa, can continue to raise, breed barley worm of future generation.
4, to pile up in temperature be 25 ℃ ± 0.5 ℃ to the dactylethrae that will install kind of honeybee and tender pupa, and relative moisture is in 95% ± 5% the artificial incubator, to cultivate 10 days.Every day observed and recorded, in time isolation processing has mouldy sign dactylethrae.Find that swollen leg honeybee lays eggs in a large number, transfers to the larva chamber with dactylethrae.
The larva chamber requires 25 ℃ ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, and relative moisture is 55% ± 3%, cultivates 30 days.Every day observed and recorded, in time isolation processing has mouldy sign dactylethrae.Find that swollen leg larva of bee cocoons in a large number, the leg honeybee of will swelling is transferred to emergence chamber.
Emergence chamber requires 25 ℃ ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, and relative moisture is 80% ± 3%, and adorns water on a small quantity with culture dish, and the water surface drips an amount of turpentine oil, just covers the water surface with the turpentine oil oil film and is advisable, and cultivates 10 days.Every day observed and recorded, in time isolation processing has mouldy sign dactylethrae.In a large amount of emergence dactylethraes, choose kind of a honeybee pipe, refrigerate in 4 ℃ ± 2 ℃ refrigerator-freezer.The swollen leg honeybee of selling as the commodity honeybee refrigerates in 8 ℃ ± 2 ℃ refrigerator-freezer.
5, to cleaning, sterilize and recycle with the dactylethrae of crossing, pine plug.
The technology key step of the swollen leg honeybee control of woodland release Monochamus alternatus Hope comprises among the present invention:
1, cleaning during dead and drying tree between annual 2-3 month pine forest is cut down into tree section about 2 meters with withered tree, covers with gauze, and the gauze hole can prevent that the longicorn adult from escaping.
2, selection is fine, the date of temperature between 25 ℃-30 ℃, discharge swollen leg honeybee, and as finding the pine tree section longicorn cutting number is arranged, discharge the leg honeybee of swelling according to 1: 100 ratio.Few as the cutting number, or do not have, then wait until the 8-10 month, observe the longicorn cutting number on the loose book section again, according to 1: 100 ratio, discharge swollen leg honeybee.Swollen leg honeybee can seek eating hollow of Monochamus alternatus Hope larva automatically, and is parasitic on Monochamus alternatus Hope.
3, find to have on the trap-tree a large amount of ants to exist, note driveing near ant nest smashing up.
4, discharge behind the swollen leg honeybee 15, can investigate swollen leg honeybee sneak case.
5, the swollen leg honeybee to not discharged can 4 ℃ ± 3 ℃ deepfreezes of refrigerator.
After swollen leg honeybee discharged, control efficiency was obvious, discharged then, in the test forest zone, the parasitic rate of Monochamus alternatus Hope is reached 63.2%, the second year can stablize the control effect, effectively reduced Monochamus alternatus Hope quantity.
Embodiment two:
Present embodiment two is basic identical with embodiment one, and not stopping is to adopt swollen leg honeybee to substitute the host and breed 3-4 after generation, according to local Monochamus alternatus Hope larva what, breed the leg honeybee generation that swells with the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva as the host, as the kind honeybee of commodity honeybee of future generation.
Adopt individual bigger barley worm pupa host as an alternative, when utilization has the pine plug of smell and treats that swollen leg bee pupa is sprouted wings soon, add a small amount of turpentine oil in incubator, these processing allow swollen leg honeybee that tangible preference to the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva is arranged, the ability of independent searching is stronger, and parasitic rate is higher.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; can change easily and replace, all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the technology that the domestication breeds swollen leg honeybee and is applied to prevent and treat Monochamus alternatus Hope is characterized in that, comprises step:
It at first is the domestication breeding to swollen leg honeybee;
A, the leg honeybee of will swelling substitute host barley worm and raise to just pupating the stage; B, select that aseptic, body is long, be fertilized swollen leg honeybee and refrigeration is handled; C, will just pupate barley worm and swollen leg honeybee pack into dactylethrae, customized pine plug beyond the Great Wall; The dactylethrae of d, the existing swollen leg honeybee of block pattern row pattern and the tender pupa of barley worm is in the artificial climate incubator, and temperature is about 25 ℃, and relative moisture is about 85%, cultivated through 40 days, the swollen leg larva of bee of band cocoons, and drips turpentine oil in incubator, becomes into honeybee until swollen leg bee eclosion.
2. domestication according to claim 1 breeds the technology of swollen leg honeybee, it is characterized in that adopting the bigger barley worm of the back body host as an alternative of pupating, and the swollen leg honeybee of domestication produces preference to the bigger Monochamus alternatus Hope larva of individuality.
3. domestication according to claim 1 breeds the technology of swollen leg honeybee, it is characterized in that adopting the pine plug with special odor, and the swollen leg honeybee of domestication has strong preference to pine, and is stronger from main search host's ability.
4. domestication according to claim 1 breeds the technology of swollen leg honeybee skill, it is characterized in that during swollen leg bee eclosion, adding has volatile turpentine oil in the artificial climate incubator, the swollen leg honeybee of domestication has strong preference to the pine tree cavity, can be from the main search Monochamus alternatus Hope as the host.
5. the technology that is applied to prevent and treat Monochamus alternatus Hope according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising step:
A, annual 3-4 cut down the withered pine in epidemic-stricken area between the month, cut down into 2 meters pine trees tree section, pile up open locally in the forest zone on the sunny side, are set as trap-tree, lure that Monochamus alternatus Hope lays eggs into.Cover the tree section with gauze, prevent the Monochamus alternatus Hope escape.B, 8-10 check pine tree tree section Monochamus alternatus Hope sneak case between the month.C, when temperature is 22 ℃-30 ℃, according to the ratio of longicorn cutting number and honeybee by discharging swollen leg honeybee at 1: 100.D, release check swollen leg honeybee sneak case after 15 days.
6. the technology that is applied to prevent and treat Monochamus alternatus Hope according to claim 5 is characterized in that at first arranging trap-tree, lures that the Monochamus alternatus Hope on Monochamus alternatus Hope and the withered pine tree section is laid eggs in a large number into, and the convenient swollen smooth parasitism of leg honeybee is bred out the second generation.
7. the technology that is applied to prevent and treat Monochamus alternatus Hope according to claim 5 is characterized in that covering the tree section with gauze, prevents that the Monochamus alternatus Hope adult from escaping, and propagates pine nematode.
8. the technology that is applied to prevent and treat Monochamus alternatus Hope according to claim 5 is characterized in that discharging swollen leg honeybee with the ratio of cutting number and honeybee by 1: 100, reaches the maximum spurious rate.
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| CN104871886A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-02 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Method for effectively controlling bursaphelenchus xylophilus by biologically controlling monochamus alternatus |
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- 2012-03-15 CN CN 201210071284 patent/CN103299956A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20130918 |