CN103299928A - Seabed comprehensive cultivation device for stichopus japonicus and comb shells - Google Patents
Seabed comprehensive cultivation device for stichopus japonicus and comb shells Download PDFInfo
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- CN103299928A CN103299928A CN2013102141762A CN201310214176A CN103299928A CN 103299928 A CN103299928 A CN 103299928A CN 2013102141762 A CN2013102141762 A CN 2013102141762A CN 201310214176 A CN201310214176 A CN 201310214176A CN 103299928 A CN103299928 A CN 103299928A
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- stichopus japonicus
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- patinopecten yessoensis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a seabed comprehensive cultivation device for stichopus japonicus and comb shells, which comprises a stereoscopic support; at least two layers of cultivation areas are arranged at the upper part of the stereoscopic support; each cultivation is wrapped with a net; the cultivation area on the bottommost layer is used for cultivating stichopus japonicus, and a plurality of stichopus japonicus bunkers are fixedly arranged on the net at the bottom; the cultivation areas of the rest layers are used for cultivating comb shells; a plurality of longitudinal nets are fixedly arranged between the nets on two opposite side surfaces of the cultivation areas for cultivating comb shells; and a plurality of stereoscopic nets are arranged on each longitudinal net. The invention provides a comprehensive cultivation device suitable for multiple nutritive salt layers of seabed according to the biological and ecological characteristics of stichopus japonicus and comb shells, so that the growth of stichopus japonicus can be promoted, and the cultivation yield of a unit area of comb shells can be improved; the device has the characteristics of simplicity in operation and strong field operability; and complementarity of sea area and different ecological niches can be utilized fully, so that the cultivation yield can be improved, and the environment stress can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the mariculture technology field, specifically, relate to a kind of seabed integrated culture device that participates in Patinopecten yessoensis that stings.
Background technology
Stichopus japonicus (
Apostichopus japonicus) be one of precious kind in China marine products economic animal, scrape or sweep take tentacle and get bottom sediment (such as organic chip, some bacterium and protozoa etc.) as food.Stichopus japonicus not only is a kind of delicious food and health food, is again the high marine drug of medical value.Along with the raising of socioeconomic development and people's living standard, demand increases day by day the epoch to this.
Patinopecten yessoensis (
Patinopecten yessoensis) belong to the cold water shellfish, have individual large, grow fast, economic benefit advantages of higher.After beginning to introduce China the eighties in last century, through research of technique and research for many years, obtained breakthrough progress at artificial breeding and cultural technique, in Liaoning of China, the large-area cultivation in ground such as Shandong, bring huge economic and social benefit.Cultured output at northern Yellow Sea Patinopecten yessoensis has reached 150,000 ton/years at present.Broadcasting propagation at the bottom of the extensive style is present main breeding way, is about to the above seed of 3cm and is sown in the seabed, and the density of broadcasting seedling is generally 8-10/m
2, adopt by the form of diver or trawlnet and to catch.Survival rate is subjected to the impact of substrate condition and harmful organisms (starfish etc.) larger, and lethality is high, and the rate of recapture is low, adopts the cost of catching high.In addition, it is higher to the substrate conditional request that propagation is broadcast at the end, is subjected to the restriction of substrate condition, and propagation scale and Arrested Development are broadcast in the end of Patinopecten yessoensis.In order to enlarge the scale of cultivation, increase the income of cultivation, need the improvement of breeding facility and cultural technique badly.
The integrated culture of many trophic levels (IMTA) is based on a kind of aquaculture model of ecosystem-level management, food web angle from the whole ecosystem, comprise elementary, secondary integrated culture to high trophic level, make the metabolic waste of putting into nutriment superfluous in the cultivating system and a kind of aquaculture organism become the source of nutrition of another kind of aquaculture organism, recycling by to nutriment, reach and both alleviated the pressure of cultivation to environment, improve again the diversity of breed variety and the purpose of economic benefit, promoted the sustainable development of aquaculture industry.
According to above-mentioned theory, the seabed integrated culture device of studying a kind of suitable stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the problem for existing stichopus japonicus, Patinopecten yessoensis cultivation existence, research and develop the seabed integrated culture device that a kind of novel thorn participates in Patinopecten yessoensis, its design be coupled biology, the ecological characteristics of stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis can solve the problems such as the rate of catching is low, cultured product poor quality of adopting that prior art exists.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of seabed integrated culture device that participates in Patinopecten yessoensis that stings, described device comprises three-dimensional bracket, top at three-dimensional bracket arranges two-layer culturing area at least, surround with etting respectively around every layer of culturing area, the culturing area of the bottom is used for culturing stichopus japonicus, etting in its bottom is fixedly installed some stichopus japonicus blindages, the culturing area of remainder layer is used for the cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis, between the two opposite side surfaces etting of Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area, be fixedly installed some vertical ettings, some three-dimensional string bags are set on the vertical etting of each bar.
The vertically etting setting of standing, the plane that refers to vertical etting place is vertical with the etting plane of bottom, like this, some three-dimensional string bags vertically can be set on the etting be used for the cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis, the three-dimensional string bag is opening up, can prevent Patinopecten yessoensis because of asecretory byssus set, run foul of each other, interlock damage, the survival rate of Effective Raise Patinopecten yessoensis.
The present invention is according to biology, the ecological characteristics of Patinopecten yessoensis, stichopus japonicus, research and develop a kind of device that is suitable for seabed many nutritive salt level integrated culture, to take full advantage of the complementarity of space, marine site and variety classes ecological niche, improve cultured output, reduce environmental pressure.
In the integrated culture of stichopus japonicus+Patinopecten yessoensis, stichopus japonicus can play repair to environment to the feeding activity of the biodeposition of Patinopecten yessoensis.
Further, every one deck culturing area wherein the etting of a side zipper opening is set.By slide fastener, put seedling, sampling and results during convenient cultivation operation.
Wherein, described stichopus japonicus blindage comprises the baffle plate of semicircular blindage body and blindage body both sides, and barrier width 50cm arranges the circular hole of diameter 4.8cm at the blindage body, and described stichopus japonicus blindage is the PVC material, the long 15cm of specification, high 6.75cm.
The circular hole of diameter 4.8cm is set on the stichopus japonicus blindage, and the activity that is conducive to stichopus japonicus takes food.Design the baffle plate of wide 50cm in the both sides of semicircle, increased the activity space of stichopus japonicus, simultaneously, be conducive to the enrichment of organic debris.
Further, the between layers employing sleeve pipe of described three-dimensional bracket is pegged graft.Adopt between layers sleeve pipe to peg graft, can independent assortment, dismounting, according to the cultivation needs, be combined into the multilayers such as bilayer, three layers.
Wherein, described three-dimensional bracket adopts titanium alloy material manufacturing, its dimensions: long 1.2-1.8m * wide 0.8-1.2m * high 0.4-0.6m.
Further, the top of described three-dimensional bracket arranges two-layer culturing area, and lower floor is used for the cultivation of stichopus japonicus, and the upper strata is used for the cultivation of Patinopecten yessoensis.
Wherein, the aperture that surrounds etting around the described lower floor apostichopus japonicus culture zone is 0.5-0.7cm.
Wherein, the aperture that surrounds etting around the Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area of described upper strata is 1-2cm.
Wherein, in the apostichopus japonicus culture zone, place a stichopus japonicus blindage every 10-20cm.
Wherein, at the Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area the vertical etting of 6-10 bar is set, 6-10 the string bag is set on every vertical etting, the string bag is of a size of 19.5-20.5cm * 10.0-11.0cm.
All ettings all are strapped on three-dimensional bracket or the sleeve pipe by nylon rope.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1, the seabed integrated culture device design of thorn participation Patinopecten yessoensis of the present invention is ingenious, can be combined into as required the breeding facility of bilayer, multilayer.The zipper opening of etting side of design, workable when seedling, results are put in cultivation at sea.
2, according to the characteristics research and development of aquaculture organism stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis, with strong points, applicability is strong.The three-dimensional string bag of design can prevent Patinopecten yessoensis because of asecretory byssus set, runs foul of each other, interlock damage the survival rate of Effective Raise Patinopecten yessoensis.The stichopus japonicus blindage of design not only can be for stichopus japonicus provides the place of perching, and, can increase the active area of stichopus japonicus, be conducive to the enrichment of organic debris, for stichopus japonicus provides abundant bait.
3, use this integrated culture device can promote the growth of stichopus japonicus, the cultured output of raising Patinopecten yessoensis unit are has characteristic simple to operation, that execute-in-place is strong.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that thorn of the present invention participates in the seabed integrated culture device specific embodiment of Patinopecten yessoensis;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation (etting and sleeve pipe around removing) that thorn of the present invention participates in integrated culture device upper strata, the seabed Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area of Patinopecten yessoensis;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation (etting and sleeve pipe around removing) that thorn of the present invention participates in the seabed integrated culture device lower floor apostichopus japonicus culture zone of Patinopecten yessoensis;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of stichopus japonicus blindage.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to shown in Figure 1, a kind of seabed integrated culture device that participates in Patinopecten yessoensis that stings, comprise three-dimensional bracket 1, on the top of three-dimensional bracket 1 two-layer culturing area is set, be respectively the Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area 2 on upper strata and the apostichopus japonicus culture zone 3 of lower floor, all surround with etting 4 around every layer of culturing area;
As shown in Figure 2, between the two opposite side surfaces etting of Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area 2, be fixedly installed eight vertical ettings 5 of standing, eight three-dimensional string bags 6 are set on the vertical etting 5 of each bar, amount to 64, the three-dimensional string bag 6 materials are the used etting of common scallop culture cylinder mould, and the string bag 6 is of a size of 20cm * 10.5cm.The three-dimensional string bag 6 can prevent Patinopecten yessoensis because of asecretory byssus set, runs foul of each other, the interlock damage survival rate of Effective Raise Patinopecten yessoensis.
As shown in Figure 3, on the etting of 3 bottoms, apostichopus japonicus culture zone, be fixedly installed 1 stichopus japonicus blindage 7 every 15cm, fix altogether eight stichopus japonicus blindages 7.
Every one deck culturing area wherein the etting of a side zipper opening (not shown on the figure) is set.By slide fastener, put seedling, sampling and results during convenient cultivation operation.
As shown in Figure 4, stichopus japonicus blindage 7 comprises the baffle plate 72 of semicircular blindage body 71 and blindage body both sides, and baffle plate 72 increases the activity space of stichopus japonicus, simultaneously, is conducive to the enrichment of organic debris.Baffle plate 72 width 50cm arrange the circular hole 73 of diameter 4.8cm at blindage body 71, the activity that is conducive to stichopus japonicus takes food.Stichopus japonicus blindage 7 is the PVC material, the long 15cm of specification, high 6.75cm.
The between layers employing sleeve pipe 8 of three-dimensional bracket 1 is pegged graft.Adopt between layers sleeve pipe to peg graft, can independent assortment, dismounting, according to the cultivation needs, be combined into the multilayers such as bilayer, three layers.
Three-dimensional bracket 1 adopts titanium alloy material manufacturing, its dimensions: long 1.5m * wide 1m * high 0.5m.
Wherein, the aperture that surrounds etting 4 around the upper strata Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area 2 is 1.4cm, to strengthen the exchange of current, guarantees the bait supply that the Patinopecten yessoensis growth is required, simultaneously, reduces resistance, to increase the stability of whole device.
The aperture that surrounds etting 4 around the lower floor apostichopus japonicus culture zone 3 is 0.63cm, and to prevent the escape of seedling of Apostichopus japonicus, in addition, the aperture can not be too close, in order to avoid shut by bed mud or fouling organism, affects the supply of current exchange and food.
Concrete culture experiment:
Test used stichopus japonicus and take from the ginseng pond in west, port, Rongcheng City, initial specification is 54.12 ± 2.41g; Patinopecten yessoensis is taken from Weihai Co., Ltd green for a long time, and initial specification is that weight in wet base: 25.94 ± 6.25g, shell are long: 60.14 ± 3.69mm.In the season (November) that water temperature suits, open slide fastener, stichopus japonicus is put into bottom, Patinopecten yessoensis is respectively charged in the string bag.64 of upper strata cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis, 12 of lower floor's culturing stichopus japonicus are equivalent to respectively every square metre of 42 of Patinopecten yessoensis of cultivation, 8 of stichopus japonicus.The diver assists the integrated culture device is fixed to the seabed.
Through 4 months cultivation, the weight in wet base of Patinopecten yessoensis increased by 70.68 ± 0.37g, and the specification of stichopus japonicus has reached 74.2 ± 6.16g, and survival rate all is 96%.
Can find out, use this integrated culture device can promote the growth of stichopus japonicus, improve the cultured output of Patinopecten yessoensis unit are.Has characteristic simple to operation, that execute-in-place is strong.
Through experimental verification, the present invention stings the seabed integrated culture device that participates in Patinopecten yessoensis and has the following advantages:
1, the biodeposition of the Patinopecten yessoensis on upper strata (comprising: ight soil, false excrement) can become one of feed source of lower floor's culturing stichopus japonicus.Not only be conducive to the growth of stichopus japonicus, and, by the feeding activity of stichopus japonicus, can reduce filter-feeding shellfish biodeposition to the pressure of environment;
2, avoid interlock, damage between the Patinopecten yessoensis, improve survival rate and the output of cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis;
3, broadcast Reproduction methods the end of with and compare, can reduce or avoid the infringement of harmful organisms, improve survival rate; And, to adopt and catch conveniently, the rate of recapture is high.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be the restriction of the present invention being made other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above embodiment does, still belongs to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is stung the seabed integrated culture device that participates in Patinopecten yessoensis, it is characterized in that: described device comprises three-dimensional bracket, top at three-dimensional bracket arranges two-layer culturing area at least, surround with etting respectively around every layer of culturing area, the culturing area of the bottom is used for culturing stichopus japonicus, etting in its bottom is fixedly installed some stichopus japonicus blindages, the culturing area of remainder layer is used for the cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis, between the two opposite side surfaces etting of Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area, be fixedly installed some vertical ettings, some three-dimensional string bags are set on the vertical etting of each bar.
2. described seabed integrated culture device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: every one deck culturing area wherein the etting of a side zipper opening is set.
3. described seabed integrated culture device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stichopus japonicus blindage comprises the baffle plate of semicircular blindage body and blindage body both sides, barrier width 50cm, the circular hole of diameter 4.8cm is set at the blindage body, described stichopus japonicus blindage is the PVC material, the long 15cm of specification, high 6.75cm.
4. described seabed integrated culture device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the between layers employing sleeve pipe of described three-dimensional bracket is pegged graft.
5. described seabed integrated culture device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described three-dimensional bracket adopts titanium alloy material manufacturing, its dimensions: long 1.2-1.8m * wide 0.8-1.2m * high 0.4-0.6m.
6. each described seabed integrated culture device according to claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: the top of described three-dimensional bracket arranges two-layer culturing area, and lower floor is used for the cultivation of stichopus japonicus, and the upper strata is used for the cultivation of Patinopecten yessoensis.
7. described seabed integrated culture device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the aperture that surrounds etting around the described lower floor apostichopus japonicus culture zone is 0.5-0.7cm.
8. described seabed integrated culture device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the aperture that surrounds etting around the Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area of described upper strata is 1-2cm.
9. described seabed integrated culture device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: place a stichopus japonicus blindage every 10-20cm in the apostichopus japonicus culture zone.
10. described seabed integrated culture device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: at the Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area the vertical etting of 6-10 bar is set, 6-10 the string bag is set on every vertical etting, the string bag is of a size of 19.5-20.5cm * 10.0-11.0cm.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN107660488A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-02-06 | 大连市水产研究所 | Scallop deep-sea, which is pierced one's ears, cultivates reef |
| CN111096257A (en) * | 2020-02-15 | 2020-05-05 | 烟台大学 | Three-dimensional comprehensive cultivation method for stichopus japonicus and oysters |
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| CN111096257A (en) * | 2020-02-15 | 2020-05-05 | 烟台大学 | Three-dimensional comprehensive cultivation method for stichopus japonicus and oysters |
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| CN103299928B (en) | 2015-05-13 |
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