CN103299928B - Seabed comprehensive cultivation device for stichopus japonicus and comb shells - Google Patents
Seabed comprehensive cultivation device for stichopus japonicus and comb shells Download PDFInfo
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- CN103299928B CN103299928B CN201310214176.2A CN201310214176A CN103299928B CN 103299928 B CN103299928 B CN 103299928B CN 201310214176 A CN201310214176 A CN 201310214176A CN 103299928 B CN103299928 B CN 103299928B
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- stichopus japonicus
- etting
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- patinopecten yessoensis
- blindage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a seabed comprehensive cultivation device for stichopus japonicus and comb shells, which comprises a stereoscopic support; at least two layers of cultivation areas are arranged at the upper part of the stereoscopic support; each cultivation is wrapped with a net; the cultivation area on the bottommost layer is used for cultivating stichopus japonicus, and a plurality of stichopus japonicus bunkers are fixedly arranged on the net at the bottom; the cultivation areas of the rest layers are used for cultivating comb shells; a plurality of longitudinal nets are fixedly arranged between the nets on two opposite side surfaces of the cultivation areas for cultivating comb shells; and a plurality of stereoscopic nets are arranged on each longitudinal net. The invention provides a comprehensive cultivation device suitable for multiple nutritive salt layers of seabed according to the biological and ecological characteristics of stichopus japonicus and comb shells, so that the growth of stichopus japonicus can be promoted, and the cultivation yield of a unit area of comb shells can be improved; the device has the characteristics of simplicity in operation and strong field operability; and complementarity of sea area and different ecological niches can be utilized fully, so that the cultivation yield can be improved, and the environment stress can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mariculture technology field, specifically, relate to the seabed integrated culture device of a kind of stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis.
Background technology
Stichopus japonicus (
apostichopus japonicus) be one of precious kind in China marine products economic animal, scrape with tentacle or sweep and get bottom sediment (as organic debris, some bacterium and protozoa etc.) for food.Stichopus japonicus is not only a kind of delicious food and health food, is again the high marine drug of medical value.Along with the raising of socioeconomic development and people's living standard, this Times ' Demand is increased day by day.
Patinopecten yessoensis (
patinopecten yessoensis) belong to cold aqueous shellfish, there is the advantages such as individuality is large, growth is fast, economic benefit is high.After starting to introduce China the eighties in last century, through research of technique for many years and research, achieve breakthrough progress at artificial breeding and cultural technique, in large-area cultivation in ground such as Liaoning of China, Shandong, bring huge economic and social benefit.150,000 tons/year are reached at present in the cultured output of northern Yellow Sea Patinopecten yessoensis.Broadcasting propagation at the bottom of extensive style is current main breeding way, and the seed by more than 3cm is sown in seabed, and the density broadcasting seedling is generally 8-10/m
2, adopted by the form of diver or trawlnet and catch.Survival rate is comparatively large by the impact of substrate condition and harmful organisms (starfish etc.), and lethality is high, and the rate of recapture is low, adopts the cost of catching high.In addition, it is higher to substrate conditional request that propagation is broadcast at the end, and by the restriction of substrate condition, propagation scale and Arrested Development are broadcast in the end of Patinopecten yessoensis.In order to expand the scale of cultivation, increasing the income of cultivation, needing the improvement of breeding facility and cultural technique badly.
The integrated culture (IMTA) of many trophic level is a kind of aquaculture model based on ecosystem-level management, from the food web angle of the whole ecosystem, comprise elementary, the secondary integrated culture to high trophic level, the metabolic waste making to put into nutriment superfluous in cultivating system and a kind of aquaculture organism becomes the source of nutrition of another kind of aquaculture organism, by recycling nutriment, reach and both alleviate the pressure of cultivation to environment, turn improve the diversity of breed variety and the object of economic benefit, promote the sustainable development of aquaculture industry.
According to above-mentioned theory, the seabed integrated culture device studying a kind of applicable stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis is extremely urgent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for existing stichopus japonicus, Patinopecten yessoensis cultivation Problems existing, research and develop the seabed integrated culture device of a kind of novel stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis, it designs the be coupled biology of stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis, ecological characteristics, and what can solve prior art existence adopts the problems such as the rate of catching is low, cultured product poor quality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The seabed integrated culture device of a kind of stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis, described device comprises three-dimensional bracket, on the top of three-dimensional bracket, two-layer culturing area is at least set, the surrounding of every layer of culturing area is surrounded with etting respectively, the culturing area of the bottom is used for culturing stichopus japonicus, etting bottom it is fixedly installed some stichopus japonicus blindages, the culturing area of remainder layer is for cultivating Patinopecten yessoensis, between the two opposite side surfaces etting of Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area, be fixedly installed some longitudinal ettings, each longitudinal etting arranges some three-dimensional string bags.
Longitudinal etting is stood setting, refer to the plane at longitudinal etting place and the etting plane orthogonal of bottom, like this, longitudinal etting can arrange some three-dimensional string bags for cultivating Patinopecten yessoensis, the three-dimensional string bag is opening up, Patinopecten yessoensis can be prevented because of asecretory byssus set, collide with each other, be engaged damage, effectively improve the survival rate of Patinopecten yessoensis.
The present invention is according to biology, the ecological characteristics of Patinopecten yessoensis, stichopus japonicus, research and develop a kind of device being suitable for seabed many nutritive salt level integrated culture, to make full use of the complementarity of space, marine site and variety classes ecological niche, improve cultured output, reduce environmental pressure.
In the integrated culture of stichopus japonicus+Patinopecten yessoensis, stichopus japonicus can play the repair to environment to the feeding activity of the biodeposition of Patinopecten yessoensis.
Further, the etting of every one deck culturing area wherein side arranges zipper opening.By slide fastener, during convenient cultivation operation, put seedling, sampling and results.
Wherein, described stichopus japonicus blindage comprises the baffle plate of semicircular blindage body and blindage body both sides, and barrier width 50cm arranges the circular hole of diameter 4.8cm on blindage body, and described stichopus japonicus blindage is PVC material, the long 15cm of specification, high 6.75cm.
Stichopus japonicus blindage is arranged the circular hole of diameter 4.8cm, the activity being conducive to stichopus japonicus takes food.Devise the baffle plate of wide 50cm in the both sides of semicircle, increase the activity space of stichopus japonicus, meanwhile, be conducive to the enrichment of organic debris.
Further, the sleeve pipe of the employing between layers grafting of described three-dimensional bracket.Adopt sleeve pipe grafting between layers, can independent assortment, dismounting, according to cultivation needs, be combined into bilayer, the multilayers such as three layers.
Wherein, described three-dimensional bracket adopts titanium alloy material manufacture, its dimensions: long 1.2-1.8m × wide 0.8-1.2m × high 0.4-0.6m.
Further, the top of described three-dimensional bracket arranges two-layer culturing area, and lower floor is used for the cultivation of stichopus japonicus, and upper strata is used for the cultivation of Patinopecten yessoensis.
Wherein, described lower floor's apostichopus japonicus culture region surrounding surrounds the aperture of etting is 0.5-0.7cm.
Wherein, described upper strata Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area surrounding surrounds the aperture of etting is 1-2cm.
Wherein, in apostichopus japonicus culture region, a stichopus japonicus blindage is placed every 10-20cm.
Wherein, arrange the longitudinal etting of 6-10 bar at Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area, the longitudinal etting of every bar arranges 6-10 the string bag, and the string bag is of a size of 19.5-20.5cm × 10.0-11.0cm.
All ettings are all strapped on three-dimensional bracket or sleeve pipe by nylon rope.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1, the seabed integrated culture apparatus design of stichopus japonicus of the present invention and Patinopecten yessoensis is ingenious, can be combined into the breeding facility of bilayer, multilayer as required.The zipper opening of etting side of design, workable when seedling, results are put in cultivation at sea.
2, research and develop according to the feature of aquaculture organism stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis, with strong points, applicability is strong.The three-dimensional string bag of design can prevent Patinopecten yessoensis because of asecretory byssus set, collides with each other, is engaged damage, effectively improves the survival rate of Patinopecten yessoensis.The stichopus japonicus blindage of design not only can provide for stichopus japonicus the place perched, and, the active area of stichopus japonicus can be increased, be conducive to the enrichment of organic debris, for stichopus japonicus provides abundant bait.
3, use this integrated culture device can promote the growth of stichopus japonicus, improve the cultured output of Patinopecten yessoensis unit are, there is simple to operation, that execute-in-place is strong characteristic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the seabed integrated culture device specific embodiment of stichopus japonicus of the present invention and Patinopecten yessoensis;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation (removing etting and the sleeve pipe of surrounding) of integrated culture device upper strata, the seabed Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area of stichopus japonicus of the present invention and Patinopecten yessoensis;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation (removing etting and the sleeve pipe of surrounding) in the integrated culture device lower floor apostichopus japonicus culture region, seabed of stichopus japonicus of the present invention and Patinopecten yessoensis;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of stichopus japonicus blindage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Shown in figure 1, the seabed integrated culture device of a kind of stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis, comprise three-dimensional bracket 1, on the top of three-dimensional bracket 1, two-layer culturing area is set, be respectively the Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area 2 on upper strata and the apostichopus japonicus culture region 3 of lower floor, the surrounding of every layer of culturing area is all surrounded with etting 4;
As shown in Figure 2, eight longitudinal ettings 5 of standing are fixedly installed between the two opposite side surfaces etting of Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area 2, each longitudinal etting 5 is arranged eight three-dimensional string bags 6, amount to 64, the three-dimensional string bag 6 material is usual scallop culture cylinder mould etting used, and the string bag 6 is of a size of 20cm × 10.5cm.The three-dimensional string bag 6 can prevent Patinopecten yessoensis because of asecretory byssus set, collides with each other, is engaged damage, effectively improves the survival rate of Patinopecten yessoensis.
As shown in Figure 3, the etting bottom apostichopus japonicus culture region 3 is fixedly installed 1 stichopus japonicus blindage 7 every 15cm, fixes eight stichopus japonicus blindages 7 altogether.
The etting of every one deck culturing area wherein side arranges zipper opening (not shown on figure).By slide fastener, during convenient cultivation operation, put seedling, sampling and results.
As shown in Figure 4, stichopus japonicus blindage 7 comprises the baffle plate 72 of semicircular blindage body 71 and blindage body both sides, and baffle plate 72 increases the activity space of stichopus japonicus, meanwhile, is conducive to the enrichment of organic debris.Baffle plate 72 width 50cm, blindage body 71 arranges the circular hole 73 of diameter 4.8cm, and the activity being conducive to stichopus japonicus takes food.Stichopus japonicus blindage 7 is PVC material, the long 15cm of specification, high 6.75cm.
The sleeve pipe 8 of the employing between layers grafting of three-dimensional bracket 1.Adopt sleeve pipe grafting between layers, can independent assortment, dismounting, according to cultivation needs, be combined into bilayer, the multilayers such as three layers.
Three-dimensional bracket 1 adopts titanium alloy material manufacture, its dimensions: long 1.5m × wide 1m × high 0.5m.
Wherein, the aperture that upper strata Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area 2 surrounding surrounds etting 4 is 1.4cm, to strengthen the exchange of current, ensures the bait supply needed for Patinopecten yessoensis growth, meanwhile, reduces resistance, to increase the stability of whole device.
The aperture that lower floor's apostichopus japonicus culture region 3 surrounding surrounds etting 4 is 0.63cm, and to prevent the escape of seedling of Apostichopus japonicus, in addition, aperture can not be too close, in order to avoid shut by bed mud or fouling organism, affects the supply of current exchange and food.
Concrete culture experiment:
Testing stichopus japonicus used takes from the ginseng pond in west, port, Rongcheng City, and initial specification is 54.12 ± 2.41g; Patinopecten yessoensis takes from Weihai Co., Ltd green for a long time, and initial specification is that weight in wet base: 25.94 ± 6.25g, shell are long: 60.14 ± 3.69mm.In the season (November) that water temperature is suitable, open slide fastener, stichopus japonicus is put into bottom, Patinopecten yessoensis is respectively charged in the string bag.Upper strata cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis 64, lower floor's culturing stichopus japonicus 12, is equivalent to every square metre of cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis 42, stichopus japonicus 8 respectively.Diver assists integrated culture device to be fixed to seabed.
Through the cultivation of 4 months, the weight in wet base of Patinopecten yessoensis increased by 70.68 ± 0.37g, and the specification of stichopus japonicus reaches 74.2 ± 6.16g, and survival rate is all 96%.
Can find out, use this integrated culture device can promote the growth of stichopus japonicus, improve the cultured output of Patinopecten yessoensis unit are.There is simple to operation, that execute-in-place is strong characteristic.
Through experimental verification, the seabed integrated culture device of stichopus japonicus of the present invention and Patinopecten yessoensis has the following advantages:
1, the biodeposition of the Patinopecten yessoensis on upper strata can become one of feed source of lower floor's culturing stichopus japonicus at (comprising: ight soil, false excrement).Not only be conducive to the growth of stichopus japonicus, and, by the feeding activity of stichopus japonicus, the pressure of Filter feeding bivalves biodeposition to environment can be reduced;
2, avoid the occlusion between Patinopecten yessoensis, damage, improve survival rate and the output of cultivation Patinopecten yessoensis;
3, broadcast Reproduction methods the end of with to compare, can reduce or avoid the infringement of harmful organisms, improve survival rate; Further, adopt and catch conveniently, the rate of recapture is high.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not restriction the present invention being made to other form, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.But everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the seabed integrated culture device of a stichopus japonicus and Patinopecten yessoensis, it is characterized in that: described device comprises three-dimensional bracket, the top of described three-dimensional bracket arranges two-layer culturing area, lower floor is used for the cultivation of stichopus japonicus, upper strata is used for the cultivation of Patinopecten yessoensis, the surrounding of every layer of culturing area is surrounded with etting respectively, etting bottom it is fixedly installed some stichopus japonicus blindages, between the two opposite side surfaces etting of upper strata Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area, be fixedly installed some longitudinal ettings, each longitudinal etting arranges some three-dimensional string bags;
The etting of every one deck culturing area wherein side arranges zipper opening;
A stichopus japonicus blindage is placed every 10-20cm in apostichopus japonicus culture region, described stichopus japonicus blindage comprises the baffle plate of semicircular blindage body and blindage body both sides, barrier width 50cm, blindage body arranges the circular hole of diameter 4.8cm, described stichopus japonicus blindage is PVC material, the long 15cm of specification, high 6.75cm;
The aperture that described apostichopus japonicus culture region surrounding surrounds etting is 0.5-0.7cm;
The aperture that described Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area surrounding surrounds etting is 1-2cm;
Arrange the longitudinal etting of 6-10 bar at Patinopecten yessoensis culturing area, the longitudinal etting of every bar arranges 6-10 the string bag, and the string bag is of a size of 19.5-20.5cm × 10.0-11.0cm.
2. seabed integrated culture device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the sleeve pipe of the employing between layers grafting of described three-dimensional bracket.
3
.according to claim 2, seabed integrated culture device, is characterized in that: described three-dimensional bracket adopts titanium alloy material manufacture, its dimensions: long 1.2-1.8m × wide 0.8-1.2m × high 0.4-0.6m.
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| CN103299928B true CN103299928B (en) | 2015-05-13 |
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| CN107660488A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-02-06 | 大连市水产研究所 | Scallop deep-sea, which is pierced one's ears, cultivates reef |
| CN111096257A (en) * | 2020-02-15 | 2020-05-05 | 烟台大学 | Three-dimensional comprehensive cultivation method for stichopus japonicus and oysters |
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| CN2348596Y (en) * | 1998-02-06 | 1999-11-17 | 张起信 | Raft type cultivation cage for shellfish |
| CN100579365C (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2010-01-13 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A shallow sea seashell breeding apparatus with reuse of feces |
| CN101406162A (en) * | 2008-11-15 | 2009-04-15 | 方建光 | Device for culturing Patinopecten yessoensis |
| CN202014512U (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-10-26 | 山东海益宝水产股份有限公司 | Artificial fishing reef with accidented corrugated plate shaped clapboards for culturing stichopus japonicus |
| CN102318570A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-01-18 | 青岛恒生源生态农业有限公司 | Perforated corrugated plate attachment apparatus for culturing sea cucumbers |
| CN202145798U (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2012-02-22 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Attaching matrix for holothurian culture |
| CN102630609A (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2012-08-15 | 翟玉明 | Sea cucumber growing and perching attachment base of aquaculture net cage |
| CN102657112A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-09-12 | 山东安源水产股份有限公司 | Ecological breeding net cage for cocultivation of sea cucumbers and sea urchins |
| CN202652994U (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-01-09 | 大连海得利水产集团有限公司 | Artificial culture device for sea cucumbers |
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