CN103283584A - Method for industrially planting new hybrid Chinese bellflower variety Zhonggeng 2 - Google Patents
Method for industrially planting new hybrid Chinese bellflower variety Zhonggeng 2 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for industrially planting a new hybrid Chinese bellflower variety Zhonggeng 2. The method comprises the steps of: reproducing parents, producing hybrid seeds, determining row ratio and sowing date of the parents, removing impurities and roguing, building an industrialized planting model base, and the like, wherein the building of the industrialized planting model base comprises the steps of: site selection, sowing, thinning, fertilizer application during a seedling stage, irrigation, flower removal, weeding, prevention and control of disease, pest and rat disasters, harvest processing and storage transportation, processing in a production place, packaging storage transportation and the like. According to the method, the industrial level can be promoted, the industrialization of platycodon medicinal material production is realized, and the quality of the medicinal material and the requirements of the masses on safe medicine application are guaranteed. Zhonggeng 2 is a high-yield and high-quality new hybrid platycodon variety and has strong competitiveness in platycodon varieties. Under the current conditions of research on raw platycodon resources and shortage of raw materials, the method can be implemented for alleviating the shortage condition of platycodon in the market and promoting the protection and the sustainable utilization of resources; and the method has good economical and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plantation method and technology field of plant, relate to obstruct in a kind of industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed No. 2 method specifically.
Background technology
Balloonflower root is herbaceos perennial, is used as medicine with root, and bitter, suffering, property is flat, has the effect of preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, relieving sore-throat to restore voice, the smooth lung qi of a surname, removing pus and relieving carbuncle.Be the key medicine for the treatment of cough, pharyngalgia, be one of the most salable 40 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine materials of China, balloonflower root has the characteristic of dietotherapeutic, is rich in the trace elements such as amino acid, protein, vitamin C, Cobastab and calcium, zinc, potassium, iron of needed by human body.Balloonflower root has preventive and therapeutic action to respiratory disease, can also be hypotensive, stimulate circulation, and in addition because of its crude fiber content height, the rubbish of eliminating in the human body there is good effect.Along with the variation of Chinese people mouth structure and the fast development of medicinal career, the market expectations demand of this kind is the trend of steady-state growth year by year.Balloonflower root is the main component of the various Chinese patent drug kinds of China still not, also is that clinical prescription commonly used is adjusted medication.In addition, the balloonflower root dish also is traditional famous dish, just finds a good sale in Korea S, Japan and Nan Yang one band in history, and annual China exports bright balloonflower root about about 30000 tons, and this export volume keeps stable throughout the year.
Balloonflower root has 9 in the new varieties of China's seed selection, has only Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences's cytoplasmic male sterile line that medicinal plant utilizes to select 4 balloonflower root hybrid new breeds and obtains promoting, and wherein " No. 2, middle stalk " has good popularization and plantation prospect." No. 2, middle stalk " is China's traditional Chinese medicine balloonflower root first generation of hybrid new varieties, is the important scientific achievement of project of national nature science fund project, National Development and Reform Committee's problem " breeding research of traditional Chinese medicine heterosis utilization ", Department of Science and Technology's national science and technology supporting plan key project " biotechnology and the research of traditional Chinese medicine good variety selection ".
Along with development of science and technology, be the medicine of raw material with balloonflower root, health products increase, it is used more and more widely, the market demand is increasing, China needs the balloonflower root dry product about 8000～10000 tons every year, the existing balloonflower root of China is planted in 80,000 mu of ground areas, produce more than 50000 ton of bright product per year, there is very big breach in supply and demand, in recent years because continuous cropping for many years, industrialization level is poor, production technology level is low, makes the balloonflower root plantation exist deterioration of variety, output is on the low side, yield and quality descends, crop smothering and soil insect are serious, the mechanization level is low, problems such as cost of labor height, had a strong impact on the income of local peasant planting balloonflower root, balloonflower root becomes medicinal material well sold and in short supply on the market.For addressing these problems, satisfy the market demand that constantly enlarges, selecting to plant to obstruct in the balloonflower root hybrid new breed of fine quality, that output is high, quality good, resistance against diseases is strong becomes the emphasis of technical research No. 2, becomes the key that solves the market demand and carry out standardization, industrialization, the modern production of obstructing No. 2 in the balloonflower root hybrid new breed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides and obstructs No. 2 method in a kind of industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed in order to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: obstruct No. 2 method in a kind of industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed, it comprises the steps:
(1), at first carry out in the stalk No. 2 parents expansion numerous:
The parent comprises male parent, female parent and sterile maintenance system, expands numerous in order to guarantee to provide every year the parental seed of q.s, for hybrid seeding;
(2), carry out in the crossbreed production of hybrid seeds of No. 2, stalk then:
A, determine father and mother this row than and date of seeding:
Be that maternal, selfing is male parent in isolated area plantation male sterile, area was arranged by 3: 1, determined that father and mother this date of seeding is so that this flower synchronization of father and mother is good;
B, roguing:
Father and mother are originally carried out roguing, at first advantage seedling, inferior position seedling, special-shaped seedling, heterochromatic seedling and sick worm seedling are pulled out in final singling between the combination, secondly the strain of will mixing is thoroughly pulled out in squaring period, guarantee father, maternal uniformity, at when results seed of results male parent strain earlier, the seed generation mechanical admixture of fastening with the F1 seed that prevents from receiving in the sterile strain and male parent;
(3), build industrialization plantation demonstration base:
A, select away from A-road and pollution source, irrigation is convenient, soil property is deep, fertile, loosen, be rich in humus and organic matter, preserve moisture and fertility is functional, soil acidity or alkalinity is moderate loam or sandy loam are planted;
B, sowing: select suitable plot before the sowing in early spring, mu is used 45kg～50kg compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, and it is thin to plough deeply rake;
C, thinning: when the back plant height of emerging is 8cm～10cm, carry out thinning by spacing in the rows 5cm;
D, fertilization strategy: plant height is long to carry out topdressing the first time during to 15cm～20cm, carries out topdressing the second time at initial bloom stage;
E, irrigation: with well water, rainwater and free of contamination river-water irrigation, and in time drain flooded fields when excess surface water is serious, annually do not water with arid, biennial excavating in the fall poured water 1 time in preceding 15 days, and the dead phenomenon of drought does not appear in growing period, pours water no longer separately;
F, except flower: annual and biennial balloonflower root is all spent the initial stage to spray in Sheng to press down colored agent;
G, cut weeds: large-scale planting is taked artificial weeding and chemical weed control combination, select herbicide before seedling stage to carry out the feud between sowing time, weeds are manually dialled and remove behind the seedling, after breeding time, the assorted strain in cleaning field was in time also concentrated and is burnt when plant withered results, to reduce the harm of disease worm;
H, sick worm rat plague control: use agricultural chemicals to carry out disease worm rat plague control, mainly use botanical pesticide and biopesticide, limit the quantity of and use the agricultural chemicals of efficient, low toxicity, low-residual;
I, gather processing and storage transportation: biennial balloonflower root and satisfy the platycodin total content and be not less than 6% requirement and can gather, acrial part was not sprouted or was gathered during the withered flavescence of mid or late October acrial part spring;
J, place of production processing: the balloonflower root medicinal material that digs out removes clean earth, divides to eat and processes with medicinal two kinds of different processing modes;
K, packing storing: the balloonflower root bale packing, every 30kg, or use packed in cases, every 25kg indicates the name of an article, weight, active constituent content, the place of production and marketing unit every packing, and encloses the certification of fitness.
The concrete steps of sowing among the described construction industrialization plantation demonstration base step b are: that adopts the bar broadcast mode press line-spacing 15cm～20cm drilling of ditching, ditch depth 2cm, and the wide 5cm of sown scope, sowing time is mixed with fine sand with seed, and earthing 1.0cm～1.5cm waters permeable; Or permeable at preseeding irrigation, artificial drilling, behind the earthing, artificial pin is stepped on 3 times～4 times, seed is fully contacted, until emerging with wet soil; Or the employing mechanical planting, utilize monomer Precision Seeding machine, press line-spacing 20cm sowing, sown scope 1cm, earthing 1cm, 7 mu～8 mu of single unit sowings 8 hours every days are used sprinkling irrigation to water and are preserved moisture after broadcasting.
The concrete steps of fertilization strategy are in the steps d of described construction industrialization plantation demonstration base: topdressing for the first time is nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, topdress for the second time and be phosphorus potash fertilizer, execute diammonium phosphate 5kg～10kg or superphosphate 5kg～10kg for every mu for the first time, perhaps execute people and animals' liquid dung that 1000kg becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu; Topdress every mu for the second time and execute superphosphate 5kg～10kg or potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5kg～10kg.
Step I the gather concrete steps of processing and storage transportation in described construction industrialization plantation demonstration base are: at first prescinding on the ground, cauline leaf digs out rhizome again, gather instrumentation spade pick, two hooks or small-sized machine, it is clean, pollution-free that the apparatus of gathering keeps, when digging, receipts need deep-cut and avoid hindering root, in order to avoid the excessive balloonflower root quality that influences of juice leaves the place of drying, pollution-free, no insect pest and domestic animal in after gathering.
The concrete steps of the described construction industrialization plantation demonstration step j place of production, base processing are: edible balloonflower root soaks earlier again and cleans through automatic rinser, cleans laggard pedestrian worker's rossing, afterwards through the wire drawing machine wire drawing, places and outdoorly dries naturally, and last joint sealing is preserved; Medicinal balloonflower root directly uses the slicer section through after cleaning and removing the peel two processes; Perhaps balloonflower root is directly placed in the drying chamber and dry, the vexed wet section after 24 hours of water when need waiting.
The concrete steps of described construction industrialization plantation demonstration base step k packing storing are: packaged balloonflower root commodity medicinal material in time is stored in the special warehouse of cleaning, drying, cool place, ventilation, free from extraneous odour, temperature is below 30 ℃, relative moisture is below 50%, keep commercial articles safety moisture 11%～13%, avoid taking place the plague of rats, insect pest or go mouldy, and make regular check on; Means of transport need clean, drying, free from extraneous odour, pollution-free, and is rainproof in the transportation, moistureproof, anti-pollution, avoids the mixed stowage transportation with easy its quality of pollution.
The present invention exclusively introduces China Medical Sciences Academy Medical Plants Institute's scientific and technological achievement balloonflower root new varieties " No. 2, middle stalk ", and (the new product evaluation numbering: capital judgment medicine 2009002), this kind is for using the hybrid combination of male sterile line and inbred line preparation.The present invention carries out industry to national high-new scientific and technical result and transforms, have high yield by introduce promoting, No. 2, stalk in the balloonflower root hybrid new breed of high anti-, stay in grade, balloonflower root deterioration of variety, the output that has fundamentally solved present existence is on the low side, second-rate, crop smothering and soil insect is serious, the mechanization level is low, cost of labor is high, the low problem of benefit.Can satisfy the demand in market, No. 2 kinds of the middle stalk that the present invention plants out are good, output is high, Functionality, quality and appealing design, can form the industrialization plantation and promote.This kind is the first generation of hybrid kind of high yield and high quality, per mu yield and single heavy height, and the commodity rate height, taproot rate height, disease resistance is strong, and integrated quality is good.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: plantation industrialization and the scientific and technological content of obstructing No. 2 in the present invention's plantation are higher, middle stalk is the first generation of hybrid new varieties of China's high yield and high quality No. 2, have single heavy higher, commodity rate is high, taproot rate height, disease resistance is strong, integrated quality is good characteristics, be to be applicable to kind medicinal, edible and extraction processing, be a kind of balloonflower root hybrid new breed of high yield and high quality, in the balloonflower root kind, have stronger competitiveness.Current, under the primary destruction Of resources research of balloonflower root, raw material situation in short supply, implement the present invention, the market that can alleviate balloonflower root is in short supply, promotes protection and the sustainable use of resource, has good economic benefit and social benefit.The method of obstructing No. 2 in the industrialization plantation of the present invention also has the following advantages: 1, can promote the industry level, promote economic structue of agriculture adjustment, increase farmers' income; 2, realize standardization, the standardization that the balloonflower root medicinal material is produced, ensure the needs 3 of medical material quanlity and broad masses' safe medication, by introducing innovation achievement, innovate again by transforming the promotion technology; 4, start sand fixation, promote improvement of the ecological environment.
The present invention has very big social benefit, is mainly reflected in following several respects: 1, improve the quality of products, ensure the performance of clinical application curative effect; 2, solve the resource scarcity problem, ensure the sustainable application of herb resource; 3, increase farmers' income, improve the life of farmers level; 4, promote agricultural restructuring, drive local economic development; 5, plant planting platycodon radix and can also play the husky effect of educating medicine of envelope, effectively protect environment, reduce soil wind erosion and desertization.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described in detail.
Obstruct No. 2 method in a kind of industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed, it comprises the steps:
(1), at first carry out in the stalk No. 2 parents expansion numerous:
The technology unit that provides project to introduce achievement is responsible for carrying out the hybrid new breed parent and expands numerous.The hybrid new breed parent comprises male parent (inbred line), maternal (male sterile line) and sterile maintenance system (inbred line), carry out in each year of the project implementation above parent expand numerous, 1000 mu of production of hybrid seeds bases of 3 years totals.
Need maternal 80 mu of the numerous lands used that expand altogether, male parent expands 20 mu of numerous lands used, keeps system to expand 20 mu of numerous lands used.Numerous 8 mu of maternal expansion of first year, male parent expands numerous 2 mu, keeps system to expand numerous 2 mu; Numerous 32 mu of maternal expansion of second year, male parent expands numerous 8 mu, keeps system to expand numerous 8 mu; Numerous 40 mu of maternal expansion of the 3rd year, male parent expands numerous 10 mu, keeps system to expand numerous 10 mu; To guarantee to provide every year the parental seed of q.s, be used for hybrid seeding.
(2), carry out in the crossbreed production of hybrid seeds of No. 2, stalk then:
Select 3 small towns to build production of hybrid seeds base, divided for 3 year, build 100 mu, 400 mu and 500 mu of production of hybrid seeds bases respectively, according to the specification requirement of the balloonflower root first generation of hybrid production of hybrid seeds, select to rent that soil layer is deep, fertility is better, have water to water condition, excessively drained field.Collocation plantation hybrid father and mother originally in proportion.Gather according to daily field management and hybrid that specification requirement is planted.Provide the hybrid new breed seed for planting demonstration base and radiation drive planting site.
The cross breeding seed flow process:
A, determine father and mother this row than and date of seeding:
Isolated area plantation male sterile be maternal, when selfing is male parent, area can be arranged by 3: 1, determines good father and mother this date of seeding simultaneously so that this flower synchronization of father and mother is good, this is the key of hybrid seeding.General determine that the principle of father and mother this date of seeding is that father and mother are bloomed this same period, or maternal than male parent prematurity 1～2d.If this florescence of father and mother is identical, but the same period or maternal seed soaking back are with broadcasting; If maternal than male parent prematurity 2～3d, also can be with broadcasting.Differ bigger as this florescence of father and mother, then answer intermission seeding.
B, roguing:
Roguing is the basis that guarantees the hybrid seed quality, and father and mother are originally wanted roguing.At first, in conjunction with between final singling pull out advantage seedling, inferior position seedling, special-shaped seedling, heterochromatic seedling and sick worm seedling.Secondly, the strain of will mixing is thoroughly pulled out in squaring period, guarantees father, maternal uniformity.In addition, in when results, the seed of results male parent strain earlier prevents the seed generation mechanical admixture that the F1 seed received in the sterile strain and male parent are fastened.
(3), build industrialization plantation demonstration base:
A, by the requirement of GAP regulation, atmospheric environment should meet the secondary standard of " standard for atmosphere environment quality ", soil environment should meet the secondary standard of " soil environment quality standard ", and irrigation water should meet farmland irrigating water's quality standard " farmland irrigating water's quality standard.Loam or the sandy loam of should select away from A-road and pollution source, irrigation is convenient, soil property is deep, fertile, loosen, be rich in humus and organic matter, preserve moisture and fertility is functional, soil acidity or alkalinity is moderate.Height above sea level is below the 1500m, and the coldest monthly mean temperature is not less than～21 ℃, and the hottest monthly mean temperature is not higher than 23 ℃, annual precipitation 500～600mm, and 〉=10 ℃ effective accumulated temperature＞2300 ℃, frost-free season is more than 125 days.
B, sowing: select suitable plot before the sowing in early spring, mu is used 50kg left and right sides compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, and it is thin to plough deeply rake.That adopts the bar broadcast mode press line-spacing 15～20cm drilling of ditching, about ditch depth 2cm, and the wide 5cm of sown scope.Mix seed with fine sand sowing time, earthing 1.0～1.5cm.Water permeable.Also can be permeable at preseeding irrigation, artificial drilling, behind the earthing, artificial pin is stepped on 3～4 times, seed is fully contacted, until emerging with wet soil.Or the employing mechanical planting, utilize monomer Precision Seeding machine, press line-spacing 20cm sowing, sown scope 1cm is about earthing 1cm.7 to 8 mu of single unit sowings 8 hours every days.Using sprinkling irrigation to water after broadcasting preserves moisture.
C, thinning: the back plant height 8～10cm of emerging, carry out thinning by spacing in the rows 5cm.
D, fertilization strategy: plant height 15～20cm topdresses for the first time, and initial bloom stage carries out topdressing the second time.For the first time based on nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, for the second time based on phosphorus potash fertilizer.Can execute diammonium phosphate 5～10kg, superphosphate 5～10kg by mu for the first time; Also can execute the 1000kg people and animals' liquid dung that becomes thoroughly decomposed by mu.Can execute superphosphate 5～10kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5～10kg by mu for the second time.
E, irrigation: with well water, rainwater and free of contamination river-water irrigation.Seriously should in time drain flooded fields as excess surface water.Annually do not water with arid, biennial excavating in the fall poured water 1 time in preceding 15 days, and the dead phenomenon of drought does not appear in growing period, pours water no longer separately.
F, except flower: annual and biennial balloonflower root is all spent the initial stage to spray in Sheng to press down colored agent.
G, cut weeds: but artificial weeding or chemical weed control, large-scale planting artificial weeding and chemical weed control combination.Select herbicide before seedling stage to carry out the feud between sowing time.Weeds are manually dialled and remove behind the seedling.After breeding time, when plant withers results, in time clear up the assorted strain in field, and concentrate and burn, reduce the harm of disease worm.
H, sick worm rat plague control: recommend to use agricultural chemicals (quantity-unlimiting use) to mainly contain botanical pesticide (kushenin, must imitate diffusing etc.), biopesticide (white muscardine fungi, BT etc.), this type of agricultural chemicals is to person poultry harmless, pollution-free.Limit the quantity of and use that agricultural chemicals has efficiently, low toxicity, less-persistent pesticide.Ban use of high poison, persistent pesticide.
I, gather processing and storage transportation: biennial balloonflower root and satisfy the platycodin total content and be not less than 6% requirement, can gather, acrial part was not sprouted or was gathered during the withered flavescence of mid or late October acrial part spring.Prescinding on the ground earlier, cauline leaf digs out rhizome again.The apparatus of gathering can be used spade pick, two hooks, small-sized machine etc.It is clean, pollution-free that apparatus should keep, and receives and will deep-cut when digging, and do not hinder root, in order to avoid juice is excessive, influences the balloonflower root quality.And should leave the place of drying, pollution-free, no insect pest and domestic animal in.
J, place of production processing: the balloonflower root medicinal material that digs out removes clean earth, divides to eat and medicinal two kinds of different processing modes.Edible balloonflower root soaks earlier again and cleans through automatic rinser, cleans laggard pedestrian worker's rossing, afterwards through the wire drawing machine wire drawing, places and outdoorly dries naturally, and last joint sealing is preserved.Medicinal balloonflower root can directly use the slicer section through after cleaning and removing the peel two processes, or places the interior oven dry oven dry of drying chamber or dry the vexed section after 24 hours of wetting of water when need waiting naturally.
K, packing storing: the balloonflower root bale packing, every 30kg, or use packed in cases, every 25kg indicates the name of an article, weight, active constituent content, the place of production, marketing unit etc. every packing, and encloses the certification of fitness.Packaged balloonflower root commodity medicinal material should in time be stored in the special warehouse of cleaning, drying, cool place, ventilation, free from extraneous odour, require temperature below 30 ℃, relative moisture is below 50%, commercial articles safety moisture 11%～13%, prevent the plague of rats, insect pest, go mouldy etc., and make regular check on.Means of transport must clean, drying, free from extraneous odour, pollution-free, should be rainproof, moistureproof, anti-pollution in the transportation, and the mixed stowage transportation of forbidding and may polluting its quality.
Should be noted that at last; above content is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention; but not limiting the scope of the invention; the simple modification that those of ordinary skill in the art carries out technical scheme of the present invention or be equal to replacement does not all break away from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. obstruct No. 2 method in an industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed, it is characterized in that: the method for obstructing No. 2 in the described industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed comprises the steps:
(1), at first carry out in the stalk No. 2 parents expansion numerous:
The parent comprises male parent, female parent and sterile maintenance system, expands numerous in order to guarantee to provide every year the parental seed of q.s, for hybrid seeding;
(2), carry out in the crossbreed production of hybrid seeds of No. 2, stalk then:
A, determine father and mother this row than and date of seeding:
Be that maternal, selfing is male parent in isolated area plantation male sterile, area was arranged by 3: 1, determined that father and mother this date of seeding is so that this flower synchronization of father and mother is good;
B, roguing:
Father and mother are originally carried out roguing, at first advantage seedling, inferior position seedling, special-shaped seedling, heterochromatic seedling and sick worm seedling are pulled out in final singling between the combination, secondly the strain of will mixing is thoroughly pulled out in squaring period, guarantee father, maternal uniformity, at when results seed of results male parent strain earlier, the seed generation mechanical admixture of fastening with the F1 seed that prevents from receiving in the sterile strain and male parent;
(3), build industrialization plantation demonstration base
A, select away from A-road and pollution source, irrigation is convenient, soil property is deep, fertile, loosen, be rich in humus and organic matter, preserve moisture and fertility is functional, soil acidity or alkalinity is moderate loam or sandy loam are planted;
B, sowing: select suitable plot before the sowing in early spring, mu is used 45kg～50kg compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, and it is thin to plough deeply rake;
C, thinning: when the back plant height of emerging is 8cm～10cm, carry out thinning by spacing in the rows 5cm;
D, fertilization strategy: plant height is long to carry out topdressing the first time during to 15cm～20cm, carries out topdressing the second time at initial bloom stage;
E, irrigation: with well water, rainwater and free of contamination river-water irrigation, and in time drain flooded fields when excess surface water is serious, annually do not water with arid, biennial excavating in the fall poured water 1 time in preceding 15 days, and the dead phenomenon of drought does not appear in growing period, pours water no longer separately;
F, except flower: annual and biennial balloonflower root is all spent the initial stage to spray in Sheng to press down colored agent;
G, cut weeds: large-scale planting is taked artificial weeding and chemical weed control combination, select herbicide before seedling stage to carry out the feud between sowing time, weeds are manually dialled and remove behind the seedling, after breeding time, the assorted strain in cleaning field was in time also concentrated and is burnt when plant withered results, to reduce the harm of disease worm;
H, sick worm rat plague control: use agricultural chemicals to carry out disease worm rat plague control, mainly use botanical pesticide and biopesticide, limit the quantity of and use the agricultural chemicals of efficient, low toxicity, low-residual;
I, gather processing and storage transportation: biennial balloonflower root and satisfy the platycodin total content and be not less than 6% requirement and can gather, acrial part was not sprouted or was gathered during the withered flavescence of mid or late October acrial part spring;
J, place of production processing: the balloonflower root medicinal material that digs out removes clean earth, divides to eat and processes with medicinal two kinds of different processing modes;
K, packing storing: the balloonflower root bale packing, every 30kg, or use packed in cases, every 25kg indicates the name of an article, weight, active constituent content, the place of production and marketing unit every packing, and encloses the certification of fitness.
2. obstruct No. 2 method in a kind of industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of sowing among the described construction industrialization plantation demonstration base step b are:
That adopts the bar broadcast mode press line-spacing 15cm～20cm drilling of ditching, ditch depth 2cm, and the wide 5cm of sown scope, sowing time is mixed with fine sand with seed, and earthing 1.0cm～1.5cm waters permeable;
Or permeable at preseeding irrigation, artificial drilling, behind the earthing, artificial pin is stepped on 3 times～4 times, seed is fully contacted, until emerging with wet soil;
Or the employing mechanical planting, utilize monomer Precision Seeding machine, press line-spacing 20cm sowing, sown scope 1cm, earthing 1cm, 7 mu～8 mu of single unit sowings 8 hours every days are used sprinkling irrigation to water and are preserved moisture after broadcasting.
3. obstruct No. 2 method in a kind of industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of fertilization strategy are in the steps d of described construction industrialization plantation demonstration base: topdressing for the first time is nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer, topdress for the second time and be phosphorus potash fertilizer, execute diammonium phosphate 5kg～10kg or superphosphate 5kg～10kg for every mu for the first time, perhaps execute people and animals' liquid dung that 1000kg becomes thoroughly decomposed for every mu; Topdress every mu for the second time and execute superphosphate 5kg～10kg or potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5kg～10kg.
4. obstruct No. 2 method in a kind of industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step I the gather concrete steps of processing and storage transportation in described construction industrialization plantation demonstration base are: at first prescinding on the ground, cauline leaf digs out rhizome again, gather instrumentation spade pick, two hooks or small-sized machine, it is clean, pollution-free that the apparatus of gathering keeps, when digging, receipts need deep-cut and avoid hindering root, in order to avoid the excessive balloonflower root quality that influences of juice leaves the place of drying, pollution-free, no insect pest and domestic animal in after gathering.
5. obstruct No. 2 method in a kind of industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of the described construction industrialization plantation demonstration step j place of production, base processing are:
Edible balloonflower root soaks earlier again and cleans through automatic rinser, cleans laggard pedestrian worker's rossing, afterwards through the wire drawing machine wire drawing, places and outdoorly dries naturally, and last joint sealing is preserved;
Medicinal balloonflower root directly uses the slicer section through after cleaning and removing the peel two processes; Perhaps balloonflower root is directly placed in the drying chamber and dry, the vexed wet section after 24 hours of water when need waiting.
6. obstruct No. 2 method in a kind of industrialization kind planting platycodon radix hybrid new breed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of described construction industrialization plantation demonstration base step k packing storing are: packaged balloonflower root commodity medicinal material in time is stored in the special warehouse of cleaning, drying, cool place, ventilation, free from extraneous odour, temperature is below 30 ℃, relative moisture is below 50%, keep commercial articles safety moisture 11%～13%, avoid taking place the plague of rats, insect pest or go mouldy, and make regular check on; Means of transport need clean, drying, free from extraneous odour, pollution-free, keeps rainproof, moistureproof, anti-pollution in the transportation, avoids transporting with the mixed stowage of easy its quality of pollution.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102577812A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 蔡青先 | Balloonflower planting method |
| CN103081674A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-05-08 | 安徽省本草国药饮片有限公司 | Cultivation method of good-quality high-yield Platycodon grandiflorum |
-
2013
- 2013-05-27 CN CN201310200275.5A patent/CN103283584B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102577812A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 蔡青先 | Balloonflower planting method |
| CN103081674A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-05-08 | 安徽省本草国药饮片有限公司 | Cultivation method of good-quality high-yield Platycodon grandiflorum |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 无: "桔梗高产栽培种植技术", 《中草药科技信息》 * |
| 河南省职业技术教育教学研究室: "《植物生产与环境农业生物技术 种植类专业（上册）》", 28 February 2007, 河南科学技术出版社 * |
| 王康才等: "桔梗的采收加工研究", 《现代中药研究与实践》 * |
| 魏建和等: "利用雄性不育系育成桔梗新品种‘中梗1号’、‘中梗2号’和‘中梗3 号’", 《园艺学报》 * |
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| CN103283584B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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