CN103270915A - Method for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt Download PDFInfo
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- CN103270915A CN103270915A CN2012102991902A CN201210299190A CN103270915A CN 103270915 A CN103270915 A CN 103270915A CN 2012102991902 A CN2012102991902 A CN 2012102991902A CN 201210299190 A CN201210299190 A CN 201210299190A CN 103270915 A CN103270915 A CN 103270915A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt, and belongs to the technical field of protecting of plants. The method for preventing and treating the tobacco bacterial wilt includes the first step, when tobacco seedlings are transplanted, Likujing (a kind of farm chemical) and water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:800-1200 to prepare Likujing pesticide liquid in a diluting mode, root-irrigation is performed on the tobacco seedlings with the Likujing pesticide liquid, and 40-60ml pesticide liquid is used for the root-irrigation of each tobacco seedling; the second step, in the early period of morbidity of tobacco plants, Baikang (a kind of farm chemical) and water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:500-1000 to prepare Baikang pesticide liquid, the Baikang pesticide liquid is sprayed on the rootstock portions of the tobacco pants in the morbidity, and 75-150ml pesticide liquid is sprayed on each tobacco plant. The method for preventing and treating the tobacco bacterial wilt has the advantages of being scientific, practical, easy and convenient to operate, easy to master, free of affecting production value and yield of tobacco leaves, free of negative affects on the environment and the like, and has good preventing and treating effect on the tobacco bacterial wilt, the occurrence rate of the tobacco bacterial wilt is obviously reduced after the method is adopted, and therefore the quality of tobacco can be improved, and the method is suitable for being popularized in a larger area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant disease and prevent and treat method, particularly a kind of method of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt.
Background technology
Tobacco bacterial wilt (Tobacco bacterial wilt) is to have one of destructive disease most on tobacco produces, and each mainly produces the cigarette district to spread all over the world, and cause of disease Pseudomonas solanacearum (E.F.Smith) Smith claims blue or green withered false pseudomonas bacillus, belongs to bacterium.In China, tobacco bacterial wilt is one of main disease that influences tobacco production always, and the tobacco scientific workers are devoted to the study on prevention of tobacco bacterial wilt evil always.Traditional chemical prevention and control method is cost height, heavy, the destruction soil ecology of pollution not only, and harmful substance is residual to exceed standard but also can cause.Because biological control has overcome the above-mentioned disadvantage of chemical control, and research and practice proved that it has certain preventive effect to tobacco bacterial wilt, thereby biopesticide becomes the focus of people's research.But the biopesticide control efficiency is generally comparatively slow, and effective active composition more complicated, is vulnerable to restriction and the interference of environmental factor, and its term of validity is short, quality stability is relatively poor.Therefore, explore the medicament of more effective control tobacco bacterial wilt or the method direction that is inevitable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of with chemical control and the effective combination of biological control, and can effectively control the generation of tobacco bacterial wilt and spread science practicality, easy and simple to handle, the method for the control tobacco bacterial wilt that is easy to promote.
A kind of method of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt that the present invention relates to is characterized in that:
A kind of method of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt is characterized in that, the operating procedure of this method is as follows:
(1) will found withered clean and water is 1: 800～1200 the withered clean soup of dilution proportion preparation establishment according to weight ratio, when the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, the upright withered clean soup that employing prepares is irritated root to the cigarette seedling, every strain cigarette seedling is irritated the upright withered clean soup of root 40～60ml, and its neutral withered clean active ingredient is: 4% kitazine (molecular formula C
11H
17SO
3P), (molecular formula is C to 32% tmtd
6H
12N
2S
4), 14% metalaxyl (molecular formula C
15H
21NO
4);
(2) at cigarette strain their early stage, anti-and water is mixed with hundred anti-soups according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:500～1000 with microbial pesticide hundred, the rhizome portion of morbidity cigarette strain is executed in pouring, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed 75～150ml, hundred anti-soups, hundred anti-active ingredients wherein: bacillus subtilis (Latin formal name used at school Bacillus subtilis), its model is B908.
A kind of method of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt that the present invention is alleged, has the science practicality, easy and simple to handle, be easy to grasp, the tobacco leaf output value, output are had no adverse effect, environment there are not characteristics such as negative effect, the present invention has good control efficiency to tobacco bacterial wilt, and behind use the present invention, the incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt obviously reduces, can improve cigarette quality, suitable large tracts of land is promoted.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is enforcement one and the control efficiency comparison diagram of its contrast experiment to tobacco bacterial wilt;
Fig. 2 is enforcement three and the control efficiency comparison diagram of its contrast experiment to tobacco bacterial wilt.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with experiment below in conjunction with embodiment.
Implement one
2009 smooth in physical features, and the field piece is neat, and irrigation and drainage are convenient; Loosing soil, fertility is moderate, the Liang Wu township, Lichuan City Zhu Tian village (height above sea level 1120m) and the ten thousand tame dams (height above sea level 800m), Xianfeng County Ding Zhai township that are fit to cigarette strain planting requirement have adopted method of the present invention that 216 strain clouds and mists 87 are handled respectively, more than the soil in Shi Yan two places is yellowish soil, bacterial wilt over the years takes place serious, and concrete processing method is as follows:
(1) takes by weighing the upright withered clean wetting powder that 10.8g Shandong chemical industry Co., Ltd of upright group produces, be that withered clean soup is set up in 1: 800 dilution proportion preparation with the upright withered clean wetting powder of the 10.8g that takes by weighing and water according to weight ratio, when the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, the upright withered clean soup that employing prepares is irritated root to cigarette shoot root portion, every strain cigarette seedling is irritated the upright withered clean soup of the about 40ml of root, and its neutral withered clean active ingredient is: 4% kitazine, 32% tmtd, 14% metalaxyl;
(2) cigarette strain their early stage, the microbial pesticide hundred that takes by weighing the production of 32.4g Yunnan star credit biological products Co., Ltd is anti-, anti-and water is that 1: 500 ratio is mixed with hundred anti-soups according to weight ratio with the 32.4g that takes by weighing hundred, the rhizome portion of morbidity cigarette strain is executed in pouring, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed 75ml hundred anti-soups, wherein hundred active ingredients that resist: bacillus subtilis B908.
The comparative trial of embodiment one:
The applicant is for verifying and promote the method for control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present invention, carried out the medicament comparative trial of control tobacco bacterial wilt simultaneously respectively in the same place (Zhu Tian village, Lichuan City Liang Wu township and ten thousand tame dams, Xianfeng County Ding Zhai township) that one kind of embodiment plants, district's group arrangement at random, triplicate are adopted in test.Every residential quarter area 3.6m * 13.2m plants cigarette 72 strains, and every kind of medicament processing method is all chosen 216 strain cigarette strains, half breeding time overlay film.And be treated to contrast with clear water and calculate the medicament relative control effect.
Comparative trial has adopted three processing modes respectively in Zhu Tian village, Lichuan City Liang Wu township and ten thousand tame dams, Xianfeng County Ding Zhai township:
Processing 1: with the upright upright withered clean wetting powder of chemical industry Co., Ltd production and the withered clean soup of dilution proportion preparation establishment that water according to weight ratio is 1: 800 helped in 10.8g Shandong, when the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, the upright withered clean soup that employing prepares is irritated root to the cigarette seedling, every strain cigarette seedling is irritated the upright withered clean soup of root 40ml, share medicine 2 times, use for the first time during transplanting, transplant back 10d and use for the second time.
Handle 2: the anti-and water of microbial pesticide that 32.4g Yunnan star credit biological products Co., Ltd is produced hundred is mixed with hundred anti-soups according to 1: 500 ratio of weight ratio, drench the rhizome portion that executes the strain of morbidity cigarette in cigarette strain their early stage, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed 75ml hundred anti-soups, drenches after 7 days and executes for the second time.
Handle 3: in conjunction with watering, transplant 1500 times of clever former medicine 6ml dilutions during transplanting, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed about 40ml soup; Use after 10 days for the second time.
Handle 4: the clear water contrast.
The incidence of disease and the disease index of 216 strain cigarette strains after the cigarette strain dispenser in the regular period, each was handled to embodiment one neutralization are respectively investigated, and the record result.
Different disposal is seen Fig. 1 to the control efficiency of tobacco bacterial wilt.Among the figure, relative control effect (%)=[(the contrast disease refers to that increasing value-processing disease refers to increasing value)/contrast disease refers to increasing value] * 100.
As seen from Figure 1, with embodiment one described method, higher to the preventive effect of tobacco bacterial wilt, the Emperor XianFeng, two places, Lichuan preventive effect are respectively 66.93% and 94.16% during transplanting, and be effective more a lot of than other several method.
Embodiment two
On the basis of test in 2009, the yellowish soil of growing for the argillaceous rocks outwash at soil in 2010, soil fertility is balanced, the soil texture is loose, permeability is good, the Lichuan that fertility state is good and the Emperor XianFeng have carried out " the field efficacy screening test of control tobacco bacterial wilt " to cloud and mist 87 respectively, and district's group arrangement at random, triplicate are adopted in test.Every residential quarter kind cigarette 4 row, cigarette 80 strains are planted in every row 20 strains; Line-spacing 1.1m, spacing in the rows 0.6m, half breeding time overlay film.Adopt this method that 240 strain cigarette strains are wherein handled, concrete processing method is as follows:
(1) takes by weighing the upright withered clean wetting powder that 12g Shandong chemical industry Co., Ltd of upright group produces, be that withered clean soup is set up in 1: 1000 dilution proportion preparation with the upright withered clean wetting powder of the 12g that takes by weighing and water according to weight ratio, when the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, the upright withered clean soup that employing prepares is irritated root to cigarette shoot root portion, every strain cigarette seedling is irritated the upright withered clean soup of root 50ml, and its neutral withered clean active ingredient is: 4% kitazine, 32% tmtd, 14% metalaxyl;
(2) cigarette strain their early stage, the microbial pesticide hundred that takes by weighing the production of 36g Yunnan star credit biological products Co., Ltd is anti-, anti-and water is that 1: 800 ratio is mixed with hundred anti-soups according to weight ratio with the 36g that takes by weighing hundred, the rhizome portion of morbidity cigarette strain is executed in pouring, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed 120ml hundred anti-soups, wherein hundred active ingredients that resist: bacillus subtilis B908.
The comparative trial of embodiment two:
Adopt different chemical agents and biological agent respectively 240 strain cigarette strains to be handled simultaneously respectively in the same place (Lichuan and the Emperor XianFeng) that two kinds of embodiment plant, as the comparative trial of present embodiment two.
Test has designed five processing respectively in Lichuan and the Emperor XianFeng:
Handle 1: the Shandong upright withered clean wetting powder 12g of chemical industry Co., Ltd of upright group production and water are set up withered clean soup according to the preparation of 1: 1000 dilution proportion of weight ratio, when the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, the upright withered clean soup that employing prepares is irritated root to the cigarette seedling, every strain cigarette seedling is irritated the upright withered clean soup of root 50ml, share medicine 2 times, use for the first time during transplanting, transplant back 10d and use for the second time.
Handle 2: microbial pesticide hundred anti-36g and water that Yunnan star credit biological products Co., Ltd is produced are mixed with hundred anti-soups according to 1: 800 ratio of weight ratio, when the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, drench the rhizome portion that executes the strain of morbidity cigarette, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed 120ml hundred anti-soups, transplant back 10d and use for the second time, transplant back 30d and use for the third time.
Handle 3: transplant clever former medicine 7ml dilution and irritate root for 1500 times, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed about 45ml soup; Share medicine 2 times, use for the first time in conjunction with watering during transplanting, transplant back 7d and use for the second time.
Handle 4: AR03 bacillus particle (Dohanykutato Intezet of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences) 480g and water are mixed with soup according to 1: 100 dilution proportion of weight ratio, and every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed 200ml; Share medicine 2 times, use for the first time during transplanting, transplant back 10d and use for the second time.
Handle 5: adopt 3,000 hundred million/gram pseudomonas fluorescens pulvis (Changzhou Lanling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 144g and water according to 1: 100 dilution proportion of weight ratio, root 60ml soup is irritated in every strain; Share medicine 2 times, use for the first time during transplanting, transplant back 10d and use for the second time.
The incidence of disease and the disease index of 240 strain cigarette strains after the cigarette strain dispenser in the regular period, each was handled to embodiment two neutralizations are respectively investigated, and the record result, and calculate disease index according to following formula:
The incidence of disease (the %)=morbidity strain number/total strain number of investigation * 100;
Disease index=100 * [∑ (diseased plant numbers at different levels * typical values at different levels)]/(investigating total strain number * highest typical value).
Different disposal tobacco bacterial wilt incidence investigation record table is as follows:
Table 1 different disposal tobacco bacterial wilt incidence investigation record table (Emperor XianFeng)
Table 2 different disposal tobacco bacterial wilt incidence investigation record table (Lichuan)
The tobacco bacterial wilt incidence is analyzed (table 1, table 2), find to implement two (executing the Combined Treatment of rhizome portion with upright withered clean filling root, their early stage with hundred anti-pouring when namely transplanting) to tobacco bacterial wilt have a better prevention effect, be better than other chemical agents and biological agent.Embodiment three
On the basis of 2009 and 2010 test, " field efficacy of control tobacco bacterial wilt is tested again " carried out to cloud and mist 87 in the tobacco planting zone in embodiment one and embodiment two in 2011, and test adopts at random district's group to arrange triplicate.Every residential quarter kind cigarette 3 row, cigarette 90 strains are planted in every row 30 strains; Line-spacing 1.1m, spacing in the rows 0.6m, half breeding time overlay film.Method described in employing the present invention and other medicines processing method 270 strain cigarette strains are respectively handled, and are treated to contrast calculating medicament relative control effect with clear water.
Processing method of the present invention is as follows:
(1) takes by weighing the upright withered clean wetting powder that 13.5g Shandong chemical industry Co., Ltd of upright group produces, be that withered clean soup is set up in 1: 1200 dilution proportion preparation with the upright withered clean wetting powder of the 13.5g that takes by weighing and water according to weight ratio, when the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, the upright withered clean soup that employing prepares is irritated root to cigarette shoot root portion, every strain cigarette seedling is irritated the upright withered clean soup of the about 60ml of root, and its neutral withered clean active ingredient is: 4% kitazine, 32% tmtd, 14% metalaxyl;
(2) cigarette strain their early stage, the microbial pesticide hundred that takes by weighing the production of 40.5g Yunnan star credit biological products Co., Ltd is anti-, anti-and water is that 1: 100 ratio is mixed with hundred anti-soups according to weight ratio with the 40.5g that takes by weighing hundred, the rhizome portion of morbidity cigarette strain is executed in pouring, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed 150ml hundred anti-soups, wherein hundred active ingredients that resist: bacillus subtilis B908.
Comparative trial:
(Lichuan and the Emperor XianFeng) adopts four kinds of different chemical agents or biological agent respectively 270 strain cigarette strains to be handled respectively in same place, and be specific as follows:
Processing 1: with the upright upright withered clean wetting powder 13.5g of chemical industry Co., Ltd production and the withered clean soup of dilution proportion preparation establishment that water according to weight ratio is 1: 1200 helped in Shandong, when the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, the upright withered clean soup that employing prepares is irritated root to the cigarette seedling, every strain cigarette seedling is irritated the upright withered clean soup of root 60ml, share medicine 2 times, use for the first time during transplanting, transplant back 10d and use for the second time.
Handle 2: microbial pesticide hundred anti-40.5g and water that Yunnan star credit biological products Co., Ltd is produced are mixed with hundred anti-soups according to 1: 1000 ratio of weight ratio, drench the rhizome portion that executes the strain of morbidity cigarette in cigarette strain their early stage, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed 150ml hundred anti-soups, drenches after 7 days and executes for the second time.
Handle 3: in conjunction with watering, transplant 1500 times of clever former medicine 8ml dilutions during transplanting, every strain cigarette strain is drenched and is executed about 45ml soup; Use after 10 days for the second time.
Handle 4: adopt 3,000 hundred million/gram pseudomonas fluorescens pulvis (Changzhou Lanling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) 175.5g and water according to 1: 100 dilution proportion of weight ratio, root 65ml soup is irritated in every strain; Share medicine 2 times, use for the first time during transplanting, transplant back 10d and use for the second time.
Handle 5: the clear water contrast.
270 strain cigarette strains after the cigarette strain dispenser in the regular period, each was handled to embodiment one neutralization respectively get the incidence of disease and disease index is investigated, and the record result.
Different disposal is seen Fig. 2 to the control efficiency of tobacco bacterial wilt.Among the figure, relative control effect (%)=[(the contrast disease refers to that increasing value one processing disease refers to increasing value)/contrast disease refers to increasing value] * 100.
As seen from Figure 2, with embodiment one described method, higher to the preventive effect of tobacco bacterial wilt, the Emperor XianFeng, two places, Lichuan preventive effect are respectively 68.25% and 85.33%, and be effective than other several method during transplanting.
Claims (1)
1. a method of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt is characterized in that, the operating procedure of this method is as follows:
(1) will found withered clean and water according to the withered clean soup of dilution proportion preparation establishment of weight ratio 1: 800～1200, when the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, the upright withered clean soup that employing prepares is irritated root to the cigarette seedling, every strain cigarette seedling is irritated the upright withered clean soup of root 40～60ml, and its neutral withered clean active ingredient is: 4% kitazine, 32% tmtd, 14% metalaxyl;
(2) at cigarette strain their early stage, anti-and water is mixed with hundred anti-soups according to the ratio of weight ratio 1: 500～1000 with microbial pesticide hundred, the rhizome portion of morbidity cigarette strain is executed in pouring, and every strain cigarette strain is drenched and executed 75～150ml, hundred anti-soups, and wherein hundred anti-active ingredients are: bacillus subtilis B908.
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| CN105941479A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-21 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Fungus medicine combination containing phenyl amide bactericides, dithiocarbamate bactericides and biocontrol bacteria, preparation and application |
| CN106818326A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-06-13 | 新昌县钧国生物技术有限公司 | A kind of method for improving tobacco bacterial wilt resistance |
| CN108293388A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-07-20 | 贵州省烟草公司六盘水市公司 | A kind of method of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and raising yield of tobacco quality |
| CN109182214A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-11 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Synergy biocontrol microorganisms and its preparation, application method for tobacco bacterial wilt prevention and treatment |
| CN110338009A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-10-18 | 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 | A kind of control method of seed production corn base rot disease |
| CN111758519A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-13 | 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 | Cultivation method for improving disease resistance of tobacco |
| CN113201474A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Bacillus subtilis TBWR1, application thereof and obtained control agent |
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| CN105941479A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-09-21 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Fungus medicine combination containing phenyl amide bactericides, dithiocarbamate bactericides and biocontrol bacteria, preparation and application |
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| CN108293388A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-07-20 | 贵州省烟草公司六盘水市公司 | A kind of method of prevention and control soil-borne disease of tobacco and raising yield of tobacco quality |
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| CN110338009A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-10-18 | 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 | A kind of control method of seed production corn base rot disease |
| CN110338009B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-04-16 | 甘肃省农业工程技术研究院 | Method for preventing and treating basal rot of seed corn |
| CN111758519A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-13 | 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 | Cultivation method for improving disease resistance of tobacco |
| CN113201474A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Bacillus subtilis TBWR1, application thereof and obtained control agent |
| CN113201474B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-06-07 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 | Bacillus subtilis TBWR1, application thereof and obtained control agent |
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