CN113248308B - Microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of biological pesticides. The microbial inoculum comprises 10-20 parts of microbial powder, 5-10 parts of plant extract, 30-50 parts of diatomite and 1-3 parts of synergist; the microbial powder is obtained by mixing azotobacter chroococcum, paecilomyces lilacinus and simple bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 5. The microbial inoculum is matched with a basic fertilizer for use, has small usage amount and high efficiency, particularly has excellent effect on preventing and treating the celery root nematode disease, can be applied once on the premise of not using a chemical prevention and control means, has the prevention effect of 95 percent, has obvious effect, is suitable for large-scale popularization and use in the field of celery planting, and has wide economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological pesticides, and particularly relates to a microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode diseases and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) belong to soil-colonizing endoparasitic nematodes, belong to the Heterodermataceae (Heterodera) of the class Tylenchida (Secernencea) of the class Dictyotales (Secernennea), and belong to the genus Meloidogyne (Meloidogyne) of the family Meloidogyne (Meloidogyne Goeldi), have become one of the important pathogenic organisms that are harmful to crops, were first discovered in 1879, new species are discovered subsequently, and the reports of the damage of root-knot nematodes are increasing.
Root-knot nematodes are one of the major pathogens causing crop diseases and are widespread and infested. With the rapid development of the energy-saving sunlight greenhouse, the crop multiple cropping index is improved, the vegetable root knot nematode disease occurrence area is wider and wider, and the prevention difficulty is larger and larger. Root-knot nematodes infest crops and cause a decrease in host yield and quality.
At present, the prevention and control of root-knot nematodes are mainly based on chemical prevention and control, although the prevention effect is good, chemical agents have the characteristics of high toxicity, high residue, high pollution and the like, the problem of drug resistance is increasingly prominent, and part of chemical nematicides are gradually forbidden or limited to be used, such as methyl bromide. Therefore, biological control technologies with the characteristics of environmental protection, high efficiency and the like are increasingly paid more attention, and biological control preparations such as paecilomyces lilacinus, abamectin, eelworm and the like achieve better control effect in the control work of vegetable root knot nematode diseases
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides the microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating the root knot nematode disease and the preparation method thereof, and the microbial agent and the botanical pesticide are compounded for use to replace the chemical pesticide, so that the harmless prevention and treatment of the root knot nematode disease are realized, and the microbial agent is green, environment-friendly and safe.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises 10-20 parts of microbial powder, 5-10 parts of plant extract, 30-50 parts of diatomite and 1-3 parts of synergist; the microbial powder is obtained by mixing azotobacter chroococcum, paecilomyces lilacinus and simple bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 5; the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution.
Preferably, the synergist is obtained by mixing indoleacetic acid and salicylic acid according to a ratio of 0.3: 1.
Preferably, the effective viable count of the microbial powder is not less than 109cfu/g. The azotobacter chroococcum and the paecilomyces lilacinus are commercially available bacterial powder.
The simple bacillus is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 12345. The bacteria powder is prepared for use after the microorganism is subjected to amplification culture.
A preparation method of a microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises the following steps:
1) preparing diatomite: adding 50ml of distilled water into 20g of starch, heating and stirring for 15min at 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture 1; sodium hydroxide was added to 100g of acrylic acid to adjust the pH to 6.5, followed by addition of 2g N, N'
Uniformly stirring methylene bisacrylamide, 50g of diatomite and the mixture 1, adding 0.05g of ammonium persulfate, stirring at 55 ℃ for reaction for 1 hour, washing, drying and crushing to obtain a finished product of diatomite;
2) preparing a plant extracting solution: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution;
3) uniformly mixing the microbial agent and the diatomite according to the parts by weight, granulating to obtain fertilizer core particles, uniformly mixing the synergist and the plant extract, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the fertilizer core particles, completing granulation, drying, packaging and warehousing.
Preferably, the particle size of the finished fertilizer product is not more than 3 mm.
The dosage of the microbial inoculum is 3-5 kg/mu.
The traditional paecilomyces lilacinus powder can play a role in preventing and controlling root knot nematode disease, but the microbial inoculum is single and is easily influenced by the complex soil environment, so that the microbial inoculum has short activity time and can not continuously and effectively sterilize. Therefore, chemical pesticides are often used in combination to prevent and control the root knot nematode disease so as to realize good prevention and control effect. And thus there is still no way to completely avoid the addition of chemical control agents.
Therefore, the azotobacter chroococcum and simple bacillus are added in the compound preparation to form the compound microbial agent, and the nitrogen fixing bacteria and the yuan can provide nutrient substances for crops, promote the growth of the crops and improve the disease resistance of the crops. The paecilomyces lilacinus and the simple bacillus can effectively prevent and treat the root knot nematode disease, and the paecilomyces lilacinus, the simple bacillus and the root knot nematode disease are compounded for use, so that the effect is better. In order to further protect and fix the microbial agent, the modified diatomite is used as a carrier, and the high potential on the surface fixes the microorganisms in the diatomite, so that a good protection effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the Artemisia capillaris thunb extract is added as a botanical pesticide component, has the effects of avoiding and poisoning the root-knot nematode second-instar larvae, is a pure plant extract, and is safe, environment-friendly and pollution-free. The indoleacetic acid and the salicylic acid are added as the synergist, so that the growth of crops can be promoted, and the plant extract and the microbial agent can be helped to play a toxic and insecticidal synergistic effect, so that the control effect of the microbial agent on the root-knot nematodes is far better than that of the microbial agent on the market.
The microbial inoculum is matched with a basic fertilizer for use, has small usage amount and high efficiency, particularly has excellent effect on preventing and treating the celery root nematode disease, can be applied once on the premise of not using a chemical prevention and control means, has the prevention effect of 95 percent, has obvious effect, is suitable for large-scale popularization and use in the field of celery planting, and has wide economic benefit and social benefit.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises 10 parts of microbial powder, 5 parts of plant extract, 30 parts of diatomite and 1 part of synergist; the microbial powder is obtained by mixing azotobacter chroococcum, paecilomyces lilacinus and simple bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 5; the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution.
The synergist is obtained by mixing indoleacetic acid and salicylic acid according to the ratio of 0.3: 1.
The effective viable count of the microbial powder is not less than 109cfu/g. The azotobacter chroococcum and the paecilomyces lilacinus are commercially available bacterial powder.
The simple bacillus is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 12345. The powder is prepared by microorganism amplification culture.
A preparation method of a microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises the following steps:
1) preparing diatomite: adding 50ml of distilled water into 20g of starch, heating and stirring for 15min at 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture 1; adding sodium hydroxide into 100g of acrylic acid, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, adding 2g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 50g of diatomite and the mixture 1, stirring uniformly, adding 0.05g of ammonium persulfate, stirring at 55 ℃ for reaction for 1h, washing, drying and crushing to obtain a finished product of diatomite;
2) preparing a plant extracting solution: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution;
3) uniformly mixing the microbial agent and the diatomite according to the parts by weight, granulating to obtain fertilizer core particles, uniformly mixing the synergist and the plant extract, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the fertilizer core particles, completing granulation, drying, packaging and warehousing.
The particle size of the finished fertilizer product is not more than 3 mm.
Example 2
A microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises 15 parts of microbial powder, 8 parts of plant extract, 40 parts of diatomite and 2 parts of synergist; the microbial powder is obtained by mixing azotobacter chroococcum, paecilomyces lilacinus and simple bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 5; the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution.
The synergist is obtained by mixing indoleacetic acid and salicylic acid according to the ratio of 0.3: 1.
The effective viable count of the microbial powder is not less than 109cfu/g. The azotobacter chroococcum and the paecilomyces lilacinus are commercially available bacterial powder.
The simple bacillus is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 12345. The powder is prepared by microorganism amplification culture.
A preparation method of a microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises the following steps:
1) preparing diatomite: adding 50ml of distilled water into 20g of starch, heating and stirring for 15min at 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture 1; adding sodium hydroxide into 100g of acrylic acid, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, adding 2g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 50g of diatomite and the mixture 1, stirring uniformly, adding 0.05g of ammonium persulfate, stirring at 55 ℃ for reaction for 1h, washing, drying and crushing to obtain a finished product of diatomite;
2) preparing a plant extracting solution: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution;
3) uniformly mixing the microbial agent and the diatomite according to the parts by weight, granulating to obtain fertilizer core particles, uniformly mixing the synergist and the plant extract, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the fertilizer core particles, completing granulation, drying, packaging and warehousing.
The particle size of the finished fertilizer product is not more than 3 mm.
Example 3
A microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises 20 parts of microbial powder, 10 parts of plant extract, 50 parts of diatomite and 3 parts of synergist; the microbial powder is obtained by mixing azotobacter chroococcum, paecilomyces lilacinus and simple bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 5; the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris Linne in seedling stage, oven drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution.
The synergist is obtained by mixing indoleacetic acid and salicylic acid according to the ratio of 0.3: 1.
The effective viable count of the microbial powder is not less than 109cfu/g. The azotobacter chroococcum and the paecilomyces lilacinus are commercially available bacterial powder.
The simple bacillus is purchased from the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 12345. The powder is prepared by microorganism amplification culture.
A preparation method of a microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises the following steps:
1) preparing diatomite: adding 50ml of distilled water into 20g of starch, heating and stirring for 15min at 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture 1; adding sodium hydroxide into 100g of acrylic acid, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, adding 2g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 50g of diatomite and the mixture 1, stirring uniformly, adding 0.05g of ammonium persulfate, stirring at 55 ℃ for reaction for 1h, washing, drying and crushing to obtain a finished product of diatomite;
2) preparing a plant extracting solution: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris Linne in seedling stage, oven drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution;
3) uniformly mixing the microbial agent and the diatomite according to the parts by weight, granulating to obtain fertilizer core particles, uniformly mixing the synergist and the plant extract, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the fertilizer core particles, completing granulation, drying, packaging and warehousing.
The particle size of the finished fertilizer product is not more than 3 mm.
Comparative example 1
A microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises 20 parts of microbial powder, 10 parts of plant extract, 50 parts of diatomite and 3 parts of synergist; the microbial powder is obtained by mixing azotobacter chroococcum and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1: 1; the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution.
The synergist is obtained by mixing indoleacetic acid and salicylic acid according to the ratio of 0.3: 1.
The effective viable count of the microbial powder is not less than 109cfu/g. The azotobacter chroococcum and the paecilomyces lilacinus are commercially available bacterial powder.
The simple bacillus is purchased from the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 12345. The powder is prepared by microorganism amplification culture.
A preparation method of a microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises the following steps:
1) preparing diatomite: adding 50ml of distilled water into 20g of starch, heating and stirring for 15min at 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture 1; adding sodium hydroxide into 100g of acrylic acid, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, adding 2g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 50g of diatomite and the mixture 1, stirring uniformly, adding 0.05g of ammonium persulfate, stirring at 55 ℃ for reaction for 1h, washing, drying and crushing to obtain a finished product of diatomite;
2) preparing a plant extracting solution: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution;
3) uniformly mixing the microbial agent and the diatomite according to the parts by weight, granulating to obtain fertilizer core particles, uniformly mixing the synergist and the plant extract, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the fertilizer core particles, completing granulation, drying, packaging and warehousing.
The particle size of the finished fertilizer product is not more than 3 mm.
The formulation and preparation method of this comparative example were the same as example 3 except that the microbial powder contained no bacillus simplex additive.
Comparative example 2
In the formula and the preparation method of the comparative example, the steps are the same as those in example 3 except that the microbial powder does not contain azotobacter chroococcum.
Comparative example 3
A microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises 20 parts of microbial powder, 10 parts of plant extract, 50 parts of diatomite and 3 parts of synergist; the microbial powder is obtained by mixing azotobacter chroococcum, paecilomyces lilacinus and simple bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 5; the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution.
The synergist is obtained by mixing indoleacetic acid and salicylic acid according to the ratio of 0.3: 1.
The effective viable count of the microbial powder is not less than 109cfu/g. The azotobacter chroococcum and the paecilomyces lilacinus are commercially available bacterial powder.
The simple bacillus is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 12345. The bacteria powder is prepared for use after the microorganism is subjected to amplification culture.
A preparation method of a microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a plant extracting solution: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution;
2) uniformly mixing the microbial agent and the diatomite according to the parts by weight, granulating to obtain fertilizer core particles, uniformly mixing the synergist and the plant extract, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the fertilizer core particles, completing granulation, drying, packaging and warehousing.
The particle size of the finished fertilizer product is not more than 3 mm.
The comparative formulation and preparation were the same as example 3, except that the commercially available diatomaceous earth was used as it is.
Comparative example 4
A microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease comprises 20 parts of microbial powder, 10 parts of distilled water, 50 parts of diatomite and 3 parts of a synergist; the microbial powder is obtained by mixing azotobacter chroococcum, paecilomyces lilacinus and simple bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 5.
The synergist is obtained by mixing indoleacetic acid and salicylic acid according to the ratio of 0.3: 1.
The effective viable count of the microbial powder is not less than 109cfu/g. The azotobacter chroococcum and the paecilomyces lilacinus are commercially available bacterial powder.
The simple bacillus is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 12345. The powder is prepared by microorganism amplification culture.
A preparation method of a microbial agent for effectively controlling root knot nematode disease comprises the following steps:
1) preparing diatomite: adding 50ml of distilled water into 20g of starch, heating and stirring for 15min at 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture 1; adding sodium hydroxide into 100g of acrylic acid, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, adding 2g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 50g of diatomite and the mixture 1, stirring uniformly, adding 0.05g of ammonium persulfate, stirring at 55 ℃ for reaction for 1h, washing, drying and crushing to obtain a finished product of diatomite;
2) uniformly mixing the microbial agent and the diatomite according to the parts by weight, granulating to obtain fertilizer core particles, uniformly mixing the synergist and the distilled water, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the fertilizer core particles, completing granulation, drying, packaging and warehousing.
The particle size of the finished fertilizer product is not more than 3 mm.
The formulation and preparation method of this comparative example were the same as example 3 except that distilled water was used instead of the plant extract.
Comparative example 5
In the formulation and preparation method of the comparative example, except for the synergist composition: the procedure is as in example 3 except that the ratio of indoleacetic acid to salicylic acid is 1: 1.
Planting test
And (3) testing celery varieties: celery King
The experimental site: the experiment base celery greenhouse is carried out in Shandong Linyi city Linshu county Toyofeng experiment base. The greenhouse has 6 years of age, the soil quality of the greenhouse is medium soil, and the celery root has the trichodiniasis.
Test method
The experiment has 7 treatments, each treatment is repeated for 3 times, and the area of each cell is 15m2And a clear water control group and a chemical reagent control group are additionally arranged. Chemical control testThe preparation group adopts 20 percent fosthiazate aqueous emulsion, 500mL/667m2Evenly sprayed on the surface layer of the soil, and the agent is evenly mixed into the soil layer by using a rotary cultivator for soil preparation. 1m isolation zones are arranged between different processing rooms. The base fertilizer is based on local planting habits, and all the treated compound fertilizers are subjected to base application according to 50 kg/mu.
And (3) performing field control effect investigation 40 days after celery seedlings emerge, adopting a diagonal line 5-point sampling method, digging 6-7 plants at each point, digging 100 plants at each treatment, bringing the plants back to the room for grading investigation, investigating and recording the occurrence degree of the celery root nematode disease, and calculating the disease index and the control effect.
Grading the disease condition standard: level 0, complete root system without root knot;
grade 1, a small amount of root knots account for less than 25 percent of the total number of root systems;
2, the number of root knots accounts for 26 to 50 percent of the total number of root systems; grade 3, the number of root knots accounts for 51 to 75 percent of the total number of root systems;
and 4, the root knot number accounts for more than 76 percent of the total number of the root systems.
Disease index [ Σ (number of diseased plants at each stage × relative grade value)/(total number of investigated plants × 4) ] × 100;
the preventing and treating effect (%) is [ (disease index of blank control area-disease index of treatment area)/disease index of blank control area ] × 100
The test results are shown in table 1:
it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only some of the preferred modes for implementing the invention, and not all of them. Obviously, all other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art based on the above embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A microbial agent for effectively preventing and treating root knot nematode disease is characterized by comprising 10-20 parts of microbial powder, 5-10 parts of plant extract, 30-50 parts of diatomite and 1-3 parts of synergist; the microbial powder is obtained by mixing azotobacter chroococcum, paecilomyces lilacinus and simple bacillus according to the mass ratio of 1:1: 5; the preparation method of the plant extract comprises the following steps: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution;
the synergist is obtained by mixing indoleacetic acid and salicylic acid according to the ratio of 0.3: 1;
the preparation method of the diatomite comprises the following steps: adding 50ml of distilled water into 20g of starch, heating and stirring for 15min at 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture 1; adding sodium hydroxide into 100g of acrylic acid, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, adding 2g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 50g of diatomite and the mixture 1, stirring uniformly, adding 0.05g of ammonium persulfate, stirring at 55 ℃ for reaction for 1h, washing, drying and crushing to obtain a finished product of diatomite;
the simple bacillus is purchased from the common microorganism center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 12345.
2. The microbial agent for effectively controlling meloidogyne according to claim 1, wherein the effective viable count of the microbial powder is not less than 109cfu/g。
3. A method for preparing the microbial agent for effectively controlling root knot nematode disease according to any one of claims 1-2, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing diatomite: adding 50ml of distilled water into 20g of starch, heating and stirring for 15min at 80 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture 1; adding sodium hydroxide into 100g of acrylic acid, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, adding 2g N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 50g of diatomite and the mixture 1, stirring uniformly, adding 0.05g of ammonium persulfate, stirring at 55 ℃ for reaction for 1h, washing, drying and crushing to obtain a finished product of diatomite;
2) preparing a plant extracting solution: cleaning whole plant of Artemisia capillaris in seedling stage, drying, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain powder; soaking the powder in 75% alcohol solution, adding 5wt% of beta-cyclodextrin and 1wt% of chitosan, stirring, standing for 12 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate, i.e. plant extractive solution;
3) uniformly mixing the microbial agent and the diatomite according to the parts by weight, granulating to obtain fertilizer core particles, uniformly mixing the synergist and the plant extract, spraying the mixture on the surfaces of the fertilizer core particles, completing granulation, drying, packaging and warehousing.
4. The method for preparing the microbial agent for effectively controlling the root knot nematode disease according to claim 3, characterized in that the particle size of the finished fertilizer product is not more than 3 mm.
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