CN112573958A

CN112573958A - Microbial agent with disease and pest control function and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112573958A
Application number: CN202011469414.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李桂丽
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-14
Filing date: 2020-12-14
Publication date: 2021-03-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial agent with a disease and pest control function, and belongs to the field of fertilizer grades. The microbial agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of compound microbial agent, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 10-20 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 20-30 parts of modified bentonite, 10-20 parts of potassium fulvate and 0.5-1.5 parts of synergist; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5. The components of the invention have synergistic effect and proliferation relationship to form a complex biological flora with various bacterial microbial communities, stable structure and wide functions, and the biological flora has obvious insect-resistant and bacteriostatic effects, is simple and easy to implement, has low cost and has wide market prospect.

Description

Microbial agent with disease and pest control function and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a microbial agent with a disease and pest control function and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The chemical pesticide plays an active role in controlling plant diseases, insects and weeds, regulating plant growth and development, improving grain yield and meeting the human survival needs, and makes great contribution. For a long time, pesticide residues and persistent problems have great influence on crops, and particularly for vegetables and fruits, various pesticides for killing insects and bacteria are frequently applied for many times in the growth period, so that the physical health of people is directly harmed.

Microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature, small to a single cell, large to the earth's biosphere. All process flows related to various industries of organic matters are closely related to microorganisms from land to sea, from breeding industry, animal husbandry to agriculture, from food industry, pharmaceutical industry to printing and dyeing, textile, tanning and the like. The ecological water treatment agent has the characteristics of tiny individuals, vigorous metabolism, wide distribution and large quantity, and also has strong decomposition capability, and the activities of the water treatment agent and the water treatment agent ensure the material circulation of an ecological system, purify the ecological system and coordinate ecological balance.

The microbial agent as a novel insecticide has the advantages of high efficiency, safety and environmental protection. The general microbial inoculants have the defects of overlong pest knockdown time, unstable control effect and the like, so that the key point of the microbial inoculants is how to improve the efficiency of the biological insecticides and make the biological insecticides have stable and long-acting control rate. Secondly, the microbial inoculum develops slowly in the aspect of agricultural application in China, and has no breakthrough in the aspects of screening and domesticating of strains, fermentation technology, strain compatibility and the like due to weak scientific research strength; the application is disjointed from scientific research, and accurate application data is lacked, so that the popularization and application work is delayed, a plurality of related products in the market cannot reach the national standard, the effect is not obvious, and the popularization is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides the microbial agent for preventing and treating the plant diseases and insect pests, which has good insecticidal and bactericidal effects, no pollution and no residue, can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, can increase the yield and income of crops, and has remarkable disease prevention effect.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a microbial agent with a function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of compound microbial agent, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 10-20 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 20-30 parts of modified bentonite, 10-20 parts of potassium fulvate and 0.5-1.5 parts of synergist; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

Preferably, the microbial agent with the function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of compound microbial agent, 20 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 30 parts of modified bentonite, 20 parts of potassium fulvate and 1.5 parts of synergist; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

Preferably, the modified bentonite is prepared by the following steps:

1) soaking sodium bentonite in distilled water, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, adding 20 wt% of polyethylene glycol, mixing well, placing in a constant temperature water bath at 48 ℃ for ultrasonic treatment for 5h, taking out, drying, and pulverizing to obtain a mixture A;

2) dissolving 20g of ferrous sulfate and 20g of ferric chloride in 500mL of deionized water, adding 18g of powdered activated carbon, magnetically stirring for 30min, and heating the solution to 70 ℃; dropwise adding 100mL of 5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution while stirring, and then aging the mixture in a water bath at 100 ℃ for 4 h; cooling to room temperature, and repeatedly washing the product with deionized water; drying for 4 hours in an oven at the temperature of between 102 and 105 ℃ to obtain a mixture B;

3) uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B to obtain modified bentonite;

preferably, the synergist is sodium lignosulfonate.

Preferably, the effective viable count of the microbial agent is more than 5.0 hundred million/g.

A preparation method of a microbial agent with a function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests comprises the following steps:

1) preparing modified bentonite: soaking sodium bentonite in distilled water, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, adding 20 wt% of polyethylene glycol, mixing well, placing in a constant temperature water bath at 48 ℃ for ultrasonic treatment for 5h, taking out, drying, and pulverizing to obtain a mixture A; dissolving 20g of ferrous sulfate and 20g of ferric chloride in 500mL of deionized water, adding 18g of powdered activated carbon, magnetically stirring for 30min, and heating the solution to 70 ℃; dropwise adding 100mL of 5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution while stirring, and then aging the mixture in a water bath at 100 ℃ for 4 h; cooling to room temperature, and repeatedly washing the product with deionized water; drying for 4 hours in an oven at the temperature of between 102 and 105 ℃ to obtain a mixture B; uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B to obtain modified bentonite;

2) carrying out amplification culture fermentation on bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus independently, mixing fermented bacteria liquid according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3:5, adding modified bentonite for full adsorption, and keeping the water content within 40% to obtain a premix;

3) weighing chitosan, corn steep liquor dry powder, potassium fulvate and a synergist by weight, adding the chitosan, the corn steep liquor dry powder, the potassium fulvate and the synergist into the premix, uniformly stirring, sieving with a 150-mesh sieve, granulating, drying, sieving and packaging to obtain a finished product.

The bacillus licheniformis, the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus mucilaginosus and the paecilomyces lilacinus used in the invention are commercially obtained strains.

The ratio of the microbial agent to the fertilizer is 1: 100.

Advantageous effects

The invention is a novel microbial agent, the invention uses Bacillus subtilis, it can produce active substance such as subtilin, Brevibacterium peptide, etc., have obvious inhibition to pathogenic bacteria, it can induce the crop to produce substance such as indoleacetic acid, etc., promote and regard as the growth at the same time; the bacillus licheniformis can generate a plurality of active enzymes, such as protease, amylase, lipase, pectinase, glucanase and the like, promotes the decomposition of other beneficial bacteria on organic substances, can also generate a plurality of enzymatic factors to generate an anti-active substance, has a unique biological oxygen-deprivation action mechanism, and can inhibit the growth and the propagation of pathogenic bacteria; bacillus mucilaginosus can secrete plant growth stimulin and various enzymes so as to enhance the resistance of crops to diseases. Meanwhile, the method can promote the transformation of ineffective phosphorus and potassium in the soil, increase the supply of phosphorus and potassium in the soil and improve the crop yield. The bacillus mucilaginosus can also produce carbonic anhydrase, and has a certain effect on fixation of carbon dioxide. The paecilomyces lilacinus can promote the dissolution of insoluble salt to assist the bacillus mucilaginosus to exert the effects of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus dissolution, thereby promoting the absorption of nutrient substances by crops.

In order to promote the microorganisms to play a role, the microorganisms are adsorbed in the modified bentonite, so that the microorganisms are promoted to be uniformly distributed in the soil, and meanwhile, the microorganism is protected, so that the microorganisms can continuously play a role in the soil, and the fertilizer efficiency is kept. Meanwhile, the porous magnetic particles are added as reinforcing agents, so that certain iron elements can be provided for crop soil on one hand, the specific surface area and the adsorbability of the iron elements are high, the secondary fixation can be performed on microbial agents, the microorganisms are better protected, and the insect-resistant and bactericidal effects of the microorganisms are continuously exerted.

The invention also adds sodium lignosulphonate as a synergist which has a synergistic effect with the modified bentonite, can jointly promote the microorganisms to be uniformly distributed in the soil and continuously play a role, and the sodium lignosulphonate and the modified bentonite are mutually matched, so that the effect is weak in the absence of one.

The components of the invention have synergistic effect and proliferation relationship to form a complex biological flora with various bacterial microbial communities, stable structure and wide functions, and the biological flora has obvious insect-resistant and bacteriostatic effects, is simple and easy to implement, has low cost and has wide market prospect.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.

Example 1

A microbial agent with a function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of compound microbial agent, 10 parts of chitosan, 10 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 20 parts of modified bentonite, 10 parts of potassium fulvate and 0.5 part of synergist; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

The modified bentonite is prepared by the following steps:

the synergist is sodium lignosulphonate.

The effective viable count of the microbial agent is more than 5.0 hundred million/g.

Example 2

A microbial agent with a function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of compound microbial agent, 15 parts of chitosan, 15 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 25 parts of modified bentonite, 15 parts of potassium fulvate and 1 part of synergist; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

The modified bentonite is prepared by the following steps:

the synergist is sodium lignosulphonate.

Example 3

A microbial agent with a function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of compound microbial agent, 20 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 30 parts of modified bentonite, 20 parts of potassium fulvate and 1.5 parts of synergist; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

The modified bentonite is prepared by the following steps:

the synergist is sodium lignosulphonate.

Comparative example 1

A microbial agent with a function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of compound microbial agent, 20 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 30 parts of bentonite, 20 parts of potassium fulvate and 1.5 parts of synergist; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

This comparative example is the same as example 3 except that no bentonite modification is performed, i.e., ordinary bentonite is used.

Comparative example 2

A microbial agent with a function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of compound microbial agent, 20 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 30 parts of modified bentonite and 20 parts of potassium fulvate; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

This comparative example is the same as example 3 except that no synergist is used.

Comparative example 3

A microbial agent with a function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of compound microbial agent, 20 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 30 parts of bentonite and 20 parts of potassium fulvate; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

This comparative example is the same as example 3 except that no bentonite modification is performed, i.e. ordinary bentonite is used, and no synergist is added.

Product quality inspection

The products were measured according to the method of (GB20287-2006) agricultural microbial inoculum, and the inoculum obtained in examples 1-3 was measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1:

TABLE 1 test results

	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3
				Effective viable count	5.1 hundred million/gram	5.5 hundred million/gram	6.3 hundred million/gram
Moisture content	5.0	6.0	6.1
				Appearance of the product	The particles are uniform	The particles are uniform	The particles are uniform
Rate of mixed bacteria	0.8％	0.7％	0.7％

Design of experiments

The test is carried out in 2018-2020 in the local experimental base of Ningxia red temple district company, the soil to be tested is common lime-lime soil, the texture is mainly loam, and the content of powder particles in the section is large. Randomly and multi-point mixed sampling is carried out on a soil sample of 0-75 cm, the soil is alkaline and relatively barren, and the basic chemical properties are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 soil chemistry

The experiment is divided into 7 treatment groups, namely T1-T7 and T1-T3, wherein the microbial inoculum and the common fertilizer are applied in the invention in the amount of 1: 100; T4-T6, applying the microbial inoculum and the common fertilizer in the proportion of 1:100 in the comparative examples 1-3; t7 is a blank control group, applied with normal fertilizer only. The fertilizer consumption is 40 kg/mu, and the used common fertilizer is a commercial compound fertilizer.

TABLE 3 prevention and control effect of vegetable insect pest germs (%)

	Tomato	Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)	Chinese cabbage	Eggplant	Chili pepper
						Example 1	90.5	90.3	90.6	85.3	93.2
Example 2	92.3	91.2	92.3	88.2	93.5
						Example 3	93.6	95.5	93.3	89.6	94.1
Comparative example 1	70.2	80.4	80.6	80.2	85.3
						Comparative example 2	65.3	78.3	76.6	75.6	80.6
Comparative example 3	62.1	70.2	74.2	74.3	80.1
						Blank example	10.6	11.3	11.0	10.5	9.6

Remarking: calculating disease index and prevention and treatment effect according to the formula:

disease index (%) [ Σ (number of disease-grade disease plants × number of disease-grade steps)/(total number of investigation plants × highest number of steps) ] × 100%;

the control effect (%) is [ (control disease index-treatment disease index)/control disease index ] × 100%

Chinese cabbage is taken as an independent research target

TABLE 4 Chinese cabbage yield statistics

Group of	Yield (t/mu)
		Example 1	9.7
Example 2	9.8
		Example 3	9.8
Comparative example 1	7.4
		Comparative example 2	7.3
Comparative example 3	7.0
		Blank control	4.8

TABLE 5 Chinese cabbage disease and pest statistics results

After planting, soil properties of each test field T1-T7 were tested. 1m multiplied by 2m sample squares are arranged in each treatment group, 0-20cm of soil is collected in the sample squares by adopting a 5-point sampling method, the soil samples in each sample square are uniformly mixed and then are stored at 4 ℃, 81 soil samples are collected in the sample squares, and cutting ring samples are collected at the same time for measuring the physical properties of the soil.

The soil organic matter is measured by a potassium dichromate oxidation method, hydrolytic nitrogen is measured by an alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method, available phosphorus is measured by an ammonium fluoride-hydrochloric acid leaching-continuous flow analyzer method, quick-acting potassium is measured by an ammonium acetate leaching-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), sucrase activity is measured by a 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetric method, and urease, acid phosphatase and catalase activity are measured by an enzyme activity measuring kit (Qingdao Jieshikang biological science and technology Co., Ltd.). Microbial community functional diversity was analyzed using Biolog-ECO plates.

TABLE 6 soil test results (30-60cm)

	Organic matter g/kg	Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen mg/kg	Effective phosphorus mg/kg	Quick-acting potassium mg/kg
					Example 1	35.6	47.3	16.3	91.0
Example 2	35.2	47.8	18.2	90.6
					Example 3	36.0	48.2	18.1	91.6
Comparative example 1	34.2	33.2	20.3	90.0
					Comparative example 2	33.2	32.1	20.5	89.3
Comparative example 3	31.2	33.6	19.8	88.9
					Blank control group	20.3	25.6	18.2	86.3

TABLE 7 soil enzyme Activity

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only some of the preferred modes for implementing the invention, and not all of them. Obviously, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microbial agent with a function of preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of compound microbial agent, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 10-20 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 20-30 parts of modified bentonite, 10-20 parts of potassium fulvate and 0.5-1.5 parts of synergist; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

2. The microbial agent with the function of preventing and treating diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of compound microbial agent, 20 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of corn steep liquor dry powder, 30 parts of modified bentonite, 20 parts of potassium fulvate and 1.5 parts of synergist; the composite microbial powder is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus mucilaginosus and paecilomyces lilacinus according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3: 5.

3. The microbial agent with the function of preventing and treating diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, wherein the modified bentonite is prepared by the following steps:

3) and stirring and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B uniformly to obtain the modified bentonite.

4. The microbial agent with the function of controlling diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, wherein the synergist is sodium lignosulphonate.

5. The microbial agent with the function of preventing and treating diseases and insect pests according to claim 1, wherein the effective viable count of the microbial agent is more than 5.0 hundred million/g.

6. A method for preparing a microbial agent with a disease and pest control function according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: